财务报表分析双语

关于财务报表分析双语Chapter1,Slide#2©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.1、你是如何理解“双语课程”(bilingualteaching)的？2、通过本学期双语课程的学习，你期望得到哪些收获与提高？3、在本学期的学习过程中，你期望从老师那里获得哪些帮助？第2页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.CourseTitle:FinancialReportingAnalysisLecturedBy:JinxunTAN(谭津璕）MyEmailAddress:tanjinxun@CourseObjectives:Knowwellaboutfinancialreporting ImproveEnglishproficiency(4skillsesp.R&W) Cultivateindependentlearningability(Search&Research)CourseIntroduction第3页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#4©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.

CourseRequirements

Self-learningbeforeeachlecture(Learningroup;1chapter/week)Attentivelisteninginclass(Takenotes)Activeparticipationinclass(Ask&answerquestions)Goodperformanceonassignments第4页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#5©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.MainquestionsWhyFSanalysisisneededWhoneedFSInformationavailabletousers第5页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#6©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.WhyFSanalysisisneededInformationasymmetryisthefoundationofaccountingtheoryandFSanalysiswhichcauses:AdverseselectionMoralhazard第6页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#7©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.Financialstatementsdon’tfullyreflectfirm’strueeconomicpositionbecause:Accountingrecognitionandmeasurementdon’tcorrespondwitheconomicevents;Financialstatementsdon’treflectthewholeeconomicevents(assets,liabilities);Managementchoiceofaccountingmethods;Accountingprinciplesdifferindifferentcountry.第7页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#8©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.WhoneedFSCreditorsandequityinvestorsGovernment(executiveandlegislativebranches),regulatorybodies,andtaxauthoritiesThegeneralpublicandspecialinterestgroups,laborunions,suppliersandcostumer第8页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#9©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.Equityinvestorsandcreditorsaretheprimaryusers.Hence,financialaccountingstandardsaregearedtothepurposesandperceptionsofinvestorsandcreditors.

第9页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#10©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.InformationavailabletousersPrincipalfinancialstatementsOthersourceoffinancialinformationRoleofauditor第10页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.Introductionto

FinancialReportingChapter1第11页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#12©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.TheU.Sfinancialreportingsystem第12页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#13©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.GAAPU.SGAAP:GenerallyAcceptedAccountingStandards是由会计师协会(APB)和财务会计准则委员会(FASB)，SEC在《意见书》和《公报》中所规定的会计准则、方法和程序所组成的。企业会计人员记录、汇总会计数据和编制会计报表所必须遵循，也是审计人员审核企业会计报表的依据。

第13页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#14©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.DevelopmentofGAAP

1934年美国国会依据《证券交易法》成立证券交易委员会（SEC），授权其进行会计立法，以弥补资本市场会计法规的空白，增强财务报告透明性及相关性，并重建投资者信心。SEC颁布的会计准则分为三类：财务信息披露规则，是会计报表呈报格式及内容的管理条例；财务报告文件，汇集SEC对会计和审计的观点；工作人员会计公告，汇总SEC对《证券法》中披露条款的解释和对披露管理的说明。第14页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#15©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.SecuritiesandExchangeCommissionSecuritiesActof1933RegulatesIPOs(initialpublicofferings)SecuritiesExchangeActof1934RegulatessecondarymarketandnationalexchangesSECwascreatedbythisActSEChastheauthoritytodetermineGAAPRegulationS-Xdescribesdisclosurerequirements第15页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#16©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.GAAPGenerallyAcceptedAccountingPrinciples(GAAP)inUnitedStatesMajorSourcesofGAAPSecuritiesandExchangeCommission(SEC)AmericanInstituteofCertifiedPublicAccountants(AICPA)FinancialAccountingStandardsBoard(FASB)第16页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#17©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.AICPA’sRoleinGAAPOrganizationYearsofActivityIssuedCommitteesonAccountingProcedures&Terminology1939...1959AccountingResearchBulletins(ARBs)AccountingPrinciplesBoard1959...1973APBOpinions(APBOs)第17页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#18©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.TheFASBTheFASBisanongovernmentalbody

（非政府组织或机构）withsevenfull-timemembers.Theboardsetsaccountingstandards（制定会计准则）forallcompaniesissuingauditedfinancialstatement.TheFASBisanindependentbody

（独立机构）whosemembersarerequiredtosever

（断绝）alltieswithpreviousemployers.第18页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#19©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.TheFASBFinancialAccountingStandardsBoardPromulgatesGAAPSFASs:StatementsofFinancialAccountingStandardsInterpretationsofSFASs,APBOs,andARBsTechnicalBulletinsStatementofFinancialAccountingConceptsConceptualFrameworkStatementsofAccountingConcepts(notGAAP)第19页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#20©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.FASBStructureExhibit1-1第20页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#21©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.FASBorganizationalstructure

第21页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#22©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.FASBOperatingProcedureTopicisaddedtothetechnicalagendaPubliccommentssolicited(征求意见）DiscussionMemorandum（备忘录)InvitationtoCommentHoldshearingtoreviewcommentsIssuesExposureDraft第22页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#23©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.FASBConceptualFrameworkAsystemofinterrelatedobjectivesandunderlyingconceptsServesasthebasisforevaluatingexistingstandardsoffinancialaccountingandreportingSFACsStatementsofFinancialAccountingConcepts第23页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#24©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ObjectivesofFinancialReporting

(SFAC1)ProvideinformationusefulinmakingbusinessandeconomicdecisionsInformationiscomprehensible(可理解性的）tothosehavingareasonableunderstandingofbusinessandeconomicactivitiesHelpsuserstoassessfuturecashflowsPrimaryfocusisearningsanditscomponentsInformationisprovidedabouteconomicresourcesandtheclaimsagainstthoseresources第24页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#25©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.AHierarchy(分层）ofAccountingQualitiesSource:“QualitativeCharacteristicsofAccountingInformation.”AdaptedfromFigure1inFASBStatementofFinancialAccountingConceptsNo.2(Stamford,Conn.:FinancialAccountingStandardsBoard,1980).Exhibit1-2第25页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#26©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ElementsofFinancialStatements

(SFAC6)AssetsProbablefutureeconomicbenefitsobtainedorcontrolled;theresultofpastbusinesstransactionsLiabilitiesObligationstotransferassetsorprovideservicesinthefuture;theresultofpastbusinesstransactionsEquityTheowner’sresidualinterestintheassetsafterdeductingliabilities第26页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#27©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ElementsofFinancialStatements

(SFAC6)(con’t)InvestmentsbyownersIncreasesinequityduetotransfersofvalueforthepurposeofobtainingorincreasingownershipDistributiontoownersDecreaseinequityresultingfromtransferofasset,renderingofservice,orincurrenceofliabilitiesbytheentitytoownersComprehensiveincomeThechangeinequityduringaperiodduetononownertransactions,events,andcircumstances第27页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#28©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ElementsofFinancialStatements

(SFAC6)(con’t)RevenuesInflowsandotherenhancementsofrevenueorreductionsofliabilitiesfromdeliveringorprovidinggoodsorservicesrelatedtothecentraloperationsExpensesOutflowsorconsumptionofassetsfromdeliveringorprovidinggoodsorservicesrelatedtothecentraloperationsGainsIncreasesinequityfromperipheraltransactionsoftheentityLossesDecreasesinequityfromperipheraltransactionsoftheentity第28页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#29©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.RecognitionandMeasurement(SFAC5)ToberecognizedanitemshouldbeOneofthedefinedelementsMeasurablewithsufficientreliabilityBasedoninformationthatisRelevantReliableMeasurementattributesHistoricalcost/proceedsCurrentcostCurrentmarketvalueNetrealizable(settlement)valuePresent(discounted)valueoffuturecashflows第29页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#30©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.RecognitionandMeasurement(SFAC5)

(cont’d)AfullsetoffinancialstatementsforaperiodshouldshowFinancialpositionattheendoftheperiodEarnings(netincome)Comprehensiveincome(totalnonownerchangeinequity)CashflowsduringtheperiodInvestmentsbyanddistributionstoownersduringtheperiod第30页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#31©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.AmericanInstituteofCertifiedPublicAccountantsPre-1973ARB(ARBs)APBOpinions(APBOs)Post-1972AccountingStandardsDivisionAccountingStandardsExecutiveCommitteeIndustryAuditGuidesIndustryAccountingGuidesStatementsofPositionPartofGAAP第31页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#32©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.EmergingIssuesTaskForceEstablishedbytheFASB(1984)IdentifiesEmergingissuesaffectingreportingProblemsinimplementingauthoritativepronouncementsAbilitytoreactquicklyIssuesstatementsthatarepartofGAAP第32页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#33©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ANewRealityMajorfinancialfailuresEnronWorldComMajorlegislation:Sarbanes-OxleyActof2002PublicCompaniesAccountingOversightBoardImpactontheAICPA’sroleinauditstandardsettingFee-basedfinancialsupportCEOsandCFOsmustcertifyfinancialstatementdisclosuresSection404requirescompaniestodocumentadequateinternalcontrolsandprocedures FASBAccountingStandardsCodification(Codification)2009singlesourceofauthoritativeU.S.GAAPandFASB第33页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#34©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.AnnualReportonInternalControlSystemsRequiredbytheSECtoincludeAstatementofmanagement’sresponsibilitiesforestablishedandmaintaininganadequatesystemIdentificationoftheframeworkusedtoevaluatetheinternalcontrolsAstatementastowhetherornottheinternalcontrolsystemiseffectiveasofyear-endThedisclosureofanymaterialweaknessesinthesystemAstatementthatthecompany’sauditorshaveissuedanauditreportonmanagement’sassessment（估计）第34页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#35©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ThePublicCompany

AccountingOversightBoard(PCAOB)CreatedbytheSarbanes-OxleyActAnarmoftheSEC5members:2CPAs,3non-CPAsPromulgatesauditingstandardsforcompaniessubjecttotheSarbanes-OxleyActAICPAstillissuesauditingstandardsfornon-publiccompanies第35页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#36©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.FASBAccountingStandardsCodificationProvidesinglesourceofauthoritativeU.S.GAAP2009Codificationorganizedinatieredstructure. -Organizedineightareasfromindustry-specifictogeneralfinancialstatementmatters. -Electronicrealtimeupdates.第36页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#37©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.TraditionalAssumptions

oftheAccountingModelBusinessEntityGoingConcern(Continuity)TimePeriodMonetaryUnitHistoricalCostConservatismRealizationMatchingConsistencyFullDisclosureMaterialityIndustryPracticesTransactionApproachCashBasisAccrualBasis第37页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#38©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.BusinessEntityThebusinessentityisseparateanddistinctfromtheownersoftheentityTheentityisaneconomicunitthatstandsonitsown第38页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#39©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.GoingConcern(Continuity)TheentitywillremaininbusinessforanindefiniteperiodoftimeDisregardspossibilityofliquidationorbankruptcyImpactshowassetsandliabilitiesaremeasuredandreportedFinancialstatementsmustdiscloseifthepresumptionofcontinuityisnotapplicable第39页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#40©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.TimePeriodFinitereportingperiodsappliedtothepresumedindefinitelifeofabusinessNaturalbusinessyearCalendaryearFiscalyear52-53WeekfiscalyearAllowsmeasurementoftheresultsofoperationspriortotheliquidationofabusinessentity’slife第40页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#41©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.MonetaryUnitStandardofmeasureforbusinesstransactionsU.S.dollarfordomesticentitiesSupplementarydisclosureofinflation-adjustedfinancialdatacurrentlynotrequiredbyU.S.GAAP第41页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#42©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.HistoricalCostOftenusedbecauseitisobjectiveanddeterminableAcceptabledeviationsWhenitbecomesapparentthatthehistoricalcostcannotberecovered(justifiedbytheconservatismconcept)Wherespecificstandardscallforanothermeasurementattributesuchascurrentmarketvalue,netrealizablevalue,orpresentvalue第42页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#43©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ConservatismSelectfromvariousmeasuresofvalueEachofthealternativesmusthavereasonablesupportConservatismguidesselectionofthealternativethathastheLeastfavorableimpactonnetincomeLeastfavorableimpactonfinancialposition第43页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#44©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.RealizationofRevenueIngeneral,thepointofrecognitionofrevenueshouldbethepointintimewhenrevenuecanbereasonablyandobjectivelydeterminedPointofsaleEarningprocessisvirtuallycompleteEndofproductionIfpriceofitemisknownandareadymarketexistsReceiptofcashCollectioncannotbereasonablyestimated第44页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#45©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.RealizationofRevenue(cont’d)DuringproductionRevenueisrecognizedproportionaltoeffortCostrecoveryApplicableforhighlyspeculativetransactionsTherearemanyotheracceptablemethodsofrecognizingrevenue第45页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#46©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.MatchingMatchcostsassociatedwithrevenuerecognizedDirectassociation(i.e.,inventorysalesandcostoftheinventory)CoststhathavenodirectconnectionwithrevenueSystematicrecognition,usuallyintheperiodincurred第46页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#47©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.ConsistencySameaccountingtreatmentgiventocomparabletransactionsfromperiodtoperiodEntityresultsfromseveralyearsarecomparableSupportstrendanalysisIfachangeismadeJustificationofchangeisdiscussedImpactofthechangeonthefinancialmustbeexplained第47页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#48©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.FullDisclosureAccountingreportsmustdiscloseallthefactsthatmayinfluencethejudgmentofaninformedreaderMethodsofdisclosureParentheticalSupportingschedulesCross-referencesFootnotesReasonablesummaryofsignificantfinancialinformation第48页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#49©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.MaterialityConsiderstherelativesizeandimportanceofanitemtothebusinessentityImmaterialitemsnotsubjecttoconceptsandprinciplesHandleinmosteconomicalandexpedientmannerDoestheinformationinfluenceaninformedreaderofthefinancialstatements?Yes:materialNo:immaterial第49页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#50©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.IndustryPracticesIndustry-specificreportsDonotconformtogeneralaccountingguidelinesGovernmentregulationUniqueneedsorpeculiaritiesofanindustryEfforttominimizebutwillprobablyneverbecompletelyeliminated第50页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#51©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.TransactionApproachRecordtransactionsthatAffectthefinancialpositionoftheentityCanbereasonablydeterminedinmonetarytermsManytransactionsarenonmonetaryinnatureNotrecordedMaybedisclosedincompliancewith“fulldisclosure”principle第51页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#52©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.CashBasisRecognizerevenuewhencashiscollectedRecognizeexpensewhencashispaidUsuallydoesnotprovidereasonableinformationabouttheearningcapabilityoftheentityintheshortrunAcceptabilityUsuallynotGAAPMaybeusedifdifferencebetweencashbasisandaccrualbasisisnotmaterial第52页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#53©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.AccrualBasisRevenuerecognizedwhenrealized(realizationconcept)Expensesrecognizedwhenincurred(matchingconcept)Numerousyear-endadjustmentsrequiredMorecomplexthancashbasis第53页,共59页，2024年2月25日，星期天Chapter1,Slide#54©2011CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.AccrualBasis(cont’d)Resultismorerepresentationaloff