2023年考研英语一真题及答案解析

2023考研英语一真题及答案解析

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextoChoosethebestword[s)foreach

numberedblankandmark[A],[B]l[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1(10points]

InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmaleoIt

mayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,_Ithoseoftheyoungwoman,

butalsoamatchmakeroAyoungmancan2___alikelyspouseonhis

ownandthenaskhisparentsto_3_themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoung

man,sparentsmaytakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayinthe

selectiono___4_,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechoseno___5_a

spousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschild

ismarrying_6—agoodfamiIyo

ThetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffairoFormerlyitlastedthreedays

,71980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahaIfoBuddhistpriestsoffera

shortsermonand_8_prayersofblessingoPar-tsoftheceremonyinvolveritua

Ihaircutting,9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride

,sandgroomswrists,and_10_acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedand

respectedcouplestoblessthe_ll_oNewlywedstraditionallymoveinwitht

hewife

第1页共44页

,sparentsandmay_12_withthemuptoayear,_13_theycanbuildanewh

ousenearbyo

Divorceislegalandeasyto_14,butnotcommonoDivorcedpersonsare

_15_withsomedisapproval,.Eachspouseretains___16__propertyheorshe

_17_intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18_equallyo

Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice_19_upoThedivorced

maledoesn'thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry_20_thewomanmust

waittenmonthso

Io

AobywayofBowithregardtoCoonbehalfofDo

aswellas

2βAodecideonBoprovideforC0competewithDoad

aptto

。

3AocloseBoarrangeCorenewDopostpone

4oAoIntheoryBoAboveallCoIntimeDoForexample

5oAoUnlessBoLessCoAfterDoAlthough

6oAointoBowithinCofromDothrough

7βAoorB0sinceCobutDoso

。

8AotestBocopyC,0reciteDocreate

。

9AofoldingBopilingCowrappingDotying

10oAopassingBolightingCohidingDoserving

HoAoassociationB0meetingCocollectionDounion

第2页共44页

12oAodealBopartCogrowDolive

13oAowhereasBountilCoforDoif

14oAoavoidBofollowCochallengeDoobtain

15oAoisolatedBopersuadedCoviewedDoexposed

16oAowhereverBowhateverCowheneverDoho

wever

17oAochangedBobroughtCoshapedDopushed

18oAoinvestedBodividedCodonatedDowithdrawn

19oAowarmsBoclearsCoshowsDobreaks

20oAowhileBosothatCoonceDointhat

[标准答案]

Io[D]aswellas

［考点分析］此题考察规律关系

［选项分析］由于考察规律关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章

身处大环境之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示"不仅……而

notonly...oobutalso

且……”该空与前一句"hisparentsandhisfriends,,也是并列关系，表示“与他本人以

及伴侣的父母朋友相关"所以答案只能是。

Daswellas0

通过关于代表

A0bywayofB0withregardtoC0onbehalfOf

2.［标准答案］［A］decideon

［考点分析］上下文语义

第3页共44页

［选项分析］依据该句的主语ayoungman与宾语alikelyspouse的关系，答案只能是

打算。表示自己打算自己的对象。为......供给预备

A0decideonB0provideforCo

与...竞争适用

competewithDoadaptto

3。［标准答案］［B］arrange

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词辨析

［选项分析］该句意思为，他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母—相关事务。四个

选项中，关闭更；恢复"推迟"，语义不正确，只有

A0closeCrenewDpostponeB

arrange安排是符合语境。

4。［标准答案］［A］Intheory

［考点分析］上下文语义

［选项分析］规律推断题。主要是看前后两句的含义，前面是说"他可以自己选择自己中

意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的对象。"空格后

面说"女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。”这两句之间没有举例说明的关系，且有一个may,

更证明的正确性。而其他选项最重要的是，

AoIntheoryBoAboveallCoIntime

准时举例，均不符合题意。

DoForexample

5.［标准答案］［C］After

［考点分析］上下文语义

［选项分析］依据下文aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigates

theother......"知道,只有对⅛青圣好后，父母才会去调查争论对方的背景。所以只有after

第4页共44页

才对。其他选项。除非，否则以免，生怕尽管都

AUnlessBoLestDoAlthough

不符合题意。

6.［标准答案］［A］into

［考点分析］上下文语义及介词词义辨析

［选项分析］这里主要是看marry与相关介词的固定搭配。这里marryinto就是指嫁到，

而其他选项均没有这层含义。

7.［标准答案］［C］but

［考点分析］规律关系题

［选项分析］依据上文，说传统的婚礼时间跨度很长，但是到了1980s,婚礼只持续一天

半。所以与前文发生转变。因此要选择but转折关系。

［标准答案］［

80Qrecite

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析［空格处需要填一个动词，和后面的PrayerSofblessing所搭配，C选项

recite为背诵的意思，与所给短语搭配最为合理，译为"为祈祷者做祈福"。

［标准答案］［］

90Dtying

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

第5页共44页

［选项分析］此题需要依据上下文语义分析，空格处需要搭配后文“棉花线头"，纵观四

个选项［A］折叠

［B］积存［C］包裹［D］系上，雁选项含义，只有D和后文的“棉花线头”搭配最为年里。

10.［标准答案］［A］passing

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］此题依据选项［A］传递［B］点亮［C］隐蔽［D］效劳，原文空格需要填写T动词

与后文Groundacircle"来搭配，译为"将蜡烛传一圈"，故［A］传递为正确选项。

11.［标准答案］［D］union

［考点分析］名词词义辨析

［选项分析］此题依据选项［A］协会，社团［B］会议，会面［C］集合［D版吉合。本句语义为"这

些受敬重的夫妻祈祷…"依据语境，结婚是一种夫妻二人的结合，因此，选项［D］结合更符

合语境。

12.［标准答案］［D］live

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］此题比较简洁。依据语义"依据传统，婚夫妇要搬到妻子父母家，与父母

一—年"依据语境，应为［D］居住为最正确答案。

13.［标准答案］［B］until

第6页共44页

［考点分析］时间规律关系

［选项分析］依据原文，"―他们在四周建筑一栋居子"［A］然而［B］直到［Q为［D］

假设结合语境，［B］直到最符合原文语境，搭配最为合理。

14。［标准答案］［D］obtain

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］该

Divorceislegalandrelativelyeasyto_14_rbutnotcommon.

句句意为离婚是合法的，且相对简洁_.A.avoid避开B.follow跟随Cxhanllenge挑

战，质疑D.obtain获得。这里消灭and,所以对于离婚这件事不行能是避开或是挑战，但

是跟随和离婚之间语义不符，但是获得离婚〔的批准〕是可以的。选D。

15。［标准答案］［D］viewed

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］Divorcedpersonsare_15—withsomedisapproval,离婚的人…一些不

赞同。在段首，已经注明离婚是合法的且相对简洁得到批准，但是不常见。这说明离婚在现

实中确定是不太受到人们的欢送的。而接下来这句就说离婚的人…一些不赞同。再看选项：

A.isolated孤立B.persuaded劝告C.viewed看做D。exposed接触，受到...的影响C

选项固定搭配被认为，放进。

［标准答案］［］

160Bwhatever

［考点分析］语法

第7页共44页

［选项分析Eachspouseretains____16___propertyheorshe_17_intothe

marriage,17个空对应的都是动词，所以该句意思为：夫妇双方保有…财产，这个财产是他

或她…〔动词〕进婚姻的。结合选项AWheneVer"无论何地；任何〔地方〕=anyplace

where〔定从〕"。Bwhatever"无论什么；任何〔东西〕=anythingthat/any+Nthaf,。

CWheneVer无论何时；任何〔时间=anytimewhen］Dhowever无论如何；无论多么。

依据语义，这里应当不是让步的关系，而且填的这个词还要能修饰property。因此，选择

B=retainsanypropertythatheorshe...o

［标准答案］［］

17oBbrought

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词义辨析

［选项分析］Eachspouseretains____16___propertyheorshe_17_intothe

marriage,结合选项Achanged"转变"。Bbrought"带来"。Cshaped"形成"D

PUShed"推，逼迫"。结合语境只有B符合，把财产带入婚姻。

［标准答案］［］

18oBdivided

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词义辨析

［选项分析］…andjointly-acquiredpropertyis_18_equally,结合选项Ainvested

投资。［B］divided平分［C］donated捐赠［D］withdrawn撤出，提取。依据语义应当是共

同财产被〔夫妻双方〕平分。

［标准答案］［］

190Cshows

［考点分析］动词固定搭配

第8页共44页

［选项分析］Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice

该句语义为离过婚勺人或许会再婚，但是性偏见..。结合选项。

_19_upoðS!lAwarm(up)

加热B.clear［up］变晴C.show［up］显现D.break(up)分裂，分开；，明显C是

正确选项。

［标准答案］［］

20oAwhile

［选项分析］上下文语义

［考点分析］很明显的两类人的比照比较关系。只能选择WhiIe。

［真题翻译］在柬埔寨，伴侣的选择对于年轻男性来说是一个简单的问题。这不仅与他本

人以及将来伴侣的父母朋友相关，而且与媒婆也有着千丝万缕的关系。他可以自己选择自己中

意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的对象。理论上来说，

女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。在选好自己的对象后，每个家庭都能会去调查对方家庭来

确保他们的孩子嫁到好人家。

传统的婚礼是一段漫长，多姿多彩的过程。从前会持续三天，但是到了20世纪80年月，

一般会持续一天半。佛教徒通常会做简短诵经，并为人祈福。仪式通常包括剪发，在郎娘的胳

膊上系上浸满圣水的棉绳，在幸福的、受人敬重的夫妇中传递蜡烛来祈祷人的结合。通常状况

下，婚夫妇会到妻子父母家里住一年，直到他们在四周建一栋居子为止。

离婚是等雄，而且很简;酸得批准，但是在实际中这种状况并不常见。离过婚的男女会受

至T人的诟病。夫妇双方在离婚后可保有他栅婚前带来的财产，而且可平分婚后共

第9页共44页

同取得的财产。离过婚的人或许会再婚，但是性^偏见还是很明显。比方，离过婚的男性再婚

前不需要一段等待期而女性则需要等待十个月。

Section∏ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:ReadthefollowingfourtextsoAnswerthequestionsaftereachtext

〔

bychoosingA,B,CorDoMarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET140points]

Textl

France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecidedits

fashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomenIts

lawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrime

toemployultra-thinmodelsonrunwaysoTheparliamentalsoagreedtoban

w

websitesthatinciteexcessivethinness“bypromotingextremedietingo

SuchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotivesoTheysuggestbeauty

shouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealthoThatsastarto

Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfrom

starvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedoneoIttellsthefashionindustrythat

itmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirlsf

aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualwortho

第10页共44页

Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen[andmanymen]that

theyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeautyoAndperhapsfaintly,they

hintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellect

ratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiqueso

TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmentto

changeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showingUnder

thelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexof

bodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprisono

Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterial

adornmentandidealizedbodytypesoInDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafew

othercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion

imagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcemento

IncontrasttoFrance?sactions,DenmarkSfashionindustryagreedlastmonth

onrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsof

/z

modelsoThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:Weare

awareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbody

ideals,especiallyonyoungpeople“oThecharter*smaintoolofenforcementis

todenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek

(CFW],whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstituteoButingeneralitrelieson

aname-and-shamemethodofcomplianceo

第11页共44页

Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbody

idealsmaybethebeststepoEvenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsof

beautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustryo

21oAccordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefinedo

[B]NewrunwayswouldbeConstructedo

[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthriveβ

[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddeclineo

22oThephrase“impingingOrr(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]heighteningthevalueof

[B]indicatingthestateof

[C]losingfaithin

[D]doingharmto

23oWhichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?

[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailedo

[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmarke

[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressureo

第12页共44页

[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworseo

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions

[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodeΓscharactero

[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

[D]settingahighagethresholdformodelso

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdeals

[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFrance

[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

21答案APhysicalbeautywouldberedefined

解析：这是Ti细节题，礴France定位第一E蹿F,主干成分为Francehaslost

此外其次段其次句

anabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyoTheysuggestbeauty

shouldnotbedefinebyIOOkS...故而Aphysicalbeautywouldberedefined为同义替

换，即为正确答案。

22答案Ddoingharmto

第13页共44页

解析：此题为词义题。定位到其次段其次句Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbe

definedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth,依据endup可以看出beauty

shouldnotbedefinedbylooks和thatendupimpingingonhealth为顺承关系,所

以"够Mi甜美不仅仅彩俵的定义’可以完啊按康的危害.故而可U幡口doingharmto

是正确答案。

23答案BNewStandardsarebeingsetinDenmark

解析：此题是正误推断题。依据第五段其次句话InDenmark,...itistryingtoset

voluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion…可知B选项Newstandardsarebeing

setinDenmark是其同义替换。

24答案Cshowinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

解析：细节题。一个设计师很可能由于什么缘由被CFW拒绝，依据关键词可回到文中

定位至倒数其次段，首句说丹麦的时尚界就有关模特的年龄，安康及其他特性的内容达成全都意

见，切一项法案也明确规定，他们日主意识到时尚界对于人们尤其是年轻人的身体安康所带来的

影响，并且该对此负责，接着下a就说，这一法规的执行方式就是拒绝T设计师，由于可以

推断设计师很可能由于不考虑身体安康因素而被CFW拒绝。

25答案DAchallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdeals

解析：主旨题。本文从首段就开头阐述法国的观点，即时尚界已经失去了定义女性身体之美

的权利，且议会也制止网站通过宣传过度节食来强调过度消瘦。争隹续说明秀丽不能只看夕除

更不能以牺牲安康为代价。三段说女性不该让他人来评判自己的秀丽。以及后面的

第14页共44页

E赠中也始终在不断说明一点,即安康很重要，不能只看夕俵。所以文章最正确婕应当是D,对

时尚界完善身材的质疑。

Text2

ForthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountryoIn

BritainthishashadacuriousresultoWhilepollsshowBritonsrate”the

Countrysideaalongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealth

Serivce[NHS]aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimited

politicalsupporto

AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylish

,,,z

housesbuttosavethebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforeveroItwas

specificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycould

experience"arefreshingairo"HilΓspressurelaterledtocreationofnationalparks

,

andgreenbeltsoTheydontmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcrete

consumesmoreofitoItneedsconstantguardianshipo

Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethis

sentimentoTheconservatives'planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopment

priorityoverconservation,evenauthorising0off-plan0buildingwherelocalpeople

mightobjectoTheconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedas

profitableoLabourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncils

opposedevelopmentoTheLiberalDemocratsaresilentoOnlyUkip,sensingits

chance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousing

第15页共44页

greenIandoItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocal

conservativepartieso

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeople

arezincitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplaceTheLondonagentsStirling

AckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondon

areaalonefwithnointrusionongreenbeltoWhatistrueofLondoniseventruer

oftheprovinceso

,rπ

Theideathathousingcrisisequals"concretedmeadows"ispurelobbytalko

Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthemo

Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturban

renovationandrenewaloHefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthigh

streetsoThisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedoneRuraltownsandvillageshave

grownandwillalwaysgrowoTheydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredges

andrespectstheircharacteroWedonotruinurbanDevelopmentshouldbe

,

plannedfnotletripoAftertheNetherlands,BritainisEuropesmostcrowed

countryoHalfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainan

enviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanIivingoThereis

nodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugalr

SpainorIrelandoAvoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftand

rightofthepoliticalspectrumo

,

26oBritainspublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

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[A]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHSo

,

[B]didntstarttilltheShakespeareanageo

[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamiIyo

[D]isnotwellreflectedinpoliticso

27oAccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenow

being

[A]graduallydestroyedo

[B]effectivelyreinforcedo

[C]properlyprotected0

[D]largelyOvershadowedo

28owhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

[A]UkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralConservation0

[B]theConservativesmayabandon"off-plan"buildingo

[C]theLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluenceo

[D]labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopmento

29otheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne*spreference

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[A]revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareaso

[B]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareaso

[C]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisiso

[D]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressureo

30oInthelastparagraph,theauthorshowshisappreciationof

[A]thesizeofpopulationinBritaino

[BtheenviableurbanlifestyleinBritaino

[C]thetown-and-countryplanninginBritaino

[D]thepoliticallifeintodayisBritaino

26答案Disnotwellreflectedinpolitics

解析：细节题。精读题干，划出关键词。依据题干回到原文准确定位到首段最终一句，

该句中的polls民意调查对应题干中的publicsentiment,定位答案处为"thishaslimited

politicalSUPPort〃，意思为这在政治支持方面是有限的。与D选项〃在政治上没有得到很

好的反响〃为同义替换。

27答案Dlargelyovershadowed

解析：细节题。傩题干，题干中消灭大写theNationalTrust,定位到其次段首句the

NationalTrUSt该句。二段首句只是对Hill的该工程做介绍，需向后看影响。往下可以读

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到Hill,spressure这句，写到"Hill的工程制造出国家公园和绿地。他们不再制造乡村了，

而且每年钢筋;昆凝土消耗的乡村越来越多。乡村需要长久的保护"。对应选项，该工程的成就

很大程度上被夺取了光辉。

28答案AUkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation

解析：推断题。题干问的是从第三段能推出什么，考察的是相应段落的段落中心。观看

选项不难觉察,选项中都是大写的UkiP,TheConservatives,TheLiberalDemocrats,

可依据选项中的大写回段落中查找，觉察所在的定位句为的倒装强调

LabouroUkiPOnly

句〔倒装强调句往往为答案所在处〕。该句子意思是：只有UkiP意识到其时机，并支持这

些人。和选项A对应一下，Ukip可能能从其对农村保护的支持中获得好处，是同义替换。

29答案BShowshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas

解析：细节题问的是作者对于奥斯本的偏好〔观点〕的具体看法。依据关键词奥斯本定

位至第五段，由于问的是作者对于奥斯本观点的看法，所以只需要看在奥斯本的观点之后作者

的表达内容，第五段倒数两句话就是作者表达自己观点的地方，即"我们没有破坏城市中受到

保护的地方"，"你们为什么要破坏乡村的呢？"这就说明奥斯本一方的观点是要破坏乡村

环境。所以可得出答案是奥斯本想法说明白他对于乡村人们的无视。

30答案Cthe-town-and-countryplanninginBritain

解析：僦题干定位至撮终一段，问的是作者赏识赞同什么，作者的观点即是文章末段的段

落中心，可定位到末段末句。末句指出，避开this会将左右党派联系起来，this代词指代

指代上句中所提到的内容。Should即作者赞同的地方，也就是作者赞同的是城乡结合。

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TEXT3

"Thereisonandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness,“wroteMilton

Friedman,aNobelprize-winningeconomist,oThatis,touseitsresourcesand

engageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofitso"Butevenifyouaccept

Friedman,spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR]policiesas

7

awasteofshareholdersmoney,thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-cutoNew

researchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompanies-atleast

whentheyareprosecutedforcorruptiono

ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billiona

yearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirmoThiscouldadd

valuetotheirbusinessesinthreewaysoFirst,consumersmaytakeCSRspending

,

asa“signal“thatacompanysproductsareofhighqualityoSecond,customers

maybewillingtobuyacompany,sproductsasanindirectwaytodonatetothe

goodcausesithelpsoAndthird,throughamorediffuse"haloeffectJwhereby

itsgooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandOtherso

PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseco

nsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthreeoAlrecentstudyattemptstoseparatethem

bylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerica'

sForeignCorruptPracticesAct(FCPA]oItarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonot

consumeacompany,

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sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations,theycouldbeinfluencedonlybytheha

Ioeffecto

Thestudyfoundthat,amongprosecutedfirms,thosewiththemostcomprehe

nsiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties…Theiranalysisruled

outthepossibilitythatitwasfirm'spoliticalinfluence,ratherthantheir

CSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:Companiesthatcontributedmoret

opoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfineso

Inallzthestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacase

basedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompany1

n

srecordinCSRoWeestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rights

concern,suchaschildlabour,orincreasingcorporategivingbyabout20%resu

Itsinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbribingfo

1

reignofficials',saysoneresearchero

Researchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionofhowmuchbus

inessesoughttospendonCSRoNordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesareban

kingonthehaloeffect,ratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheydeci

detheirdo-goodingpoliciesoButatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhenco

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mpaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthem

lesscostlypunishmentβ

31.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman,sstatementaboutCSRwith

[A]toleranceo

[B]skepticism0

[C]uncertaintyo

[D]approvalo

32.AccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsacompanyby

[A]winningtrustfromconsumerso

[B]guardingitagainstmalpracticeso

[C]protectingitfrombeingdefamedo

[D]raisingthequalityofitsproductso

33oTheexpression“morelenient”[line2,para.4]isclosestinmeaningto

[A]moreeffective

[B]lesscontroversial

[C]lesssevere

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[D]morelasting

,

34oWhenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompanysCSRregard

[A]hasanimpactontheirdecision

[B]comesacrossasreliableevidence

[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized

[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigation

35.WhichofthefollowingistrueofCSR,accordingtothelastparagraph?

[A]Itsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlooked,,

[B]Thenecessaryamountofcompanies*spendingonitisunknowno

[C]Companies,financialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimated),

[D]Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustryo

31答案BSkepticism

解析：作者观点态度题。题干问的是作者对有关CSR方面MiltonFriedman的说法是

什么态度。依据大写MiltonFriedman这个人定位到定位到首段首句。留意题干问的是作

者的看法，因此定位SJ后T)but车蜥处。转折处的主题句式"thingsmaynotabsolutely

clear-cut^z作者持的是否认态度，选择答案B。C选项是作者态度不明确，不能选择。

32答案Awinningtrustfromconsumers

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⅛⅛fτ:他书好I腻欠段。欠段内