2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习课时作业选修7Unit2Robots

Unit2Robots课时作业Ⅰ.阅读(2020·全国新高三开学联考)ArobotcreatedbyWashingtonStateUniversity(WSU)scientistscouldhelpelderlypeoplewithdementiaandotherlimitationsliveindependentlyintheirownhomes.TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors(传感器)equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.Itnavigates(定位)throughroomsandaroundobstaclestofindpeopleonitsown,providesvideoinstructionsonhowtodosimpletasksandcanevenleaditsownerstoobjectsliketheirmedicationorasnackinthekitchen.“RASbinestheconvenienceofamobilerobotwiththeactivitydetectiontechnologyofaWSUsmarthometoprovideassistanceinthemoment,astheneedforhelpisdetected，”saidBryanMinor,apostdoctoralresearcherintheWSUSchoolofElectricalEngineeringandputerScience.Currently,about50percentadultsovertheageof85needassistancewitheverydayactivitiessuchaspreparingmealsandtakingmedicationandtheannualcostforthisassistanceintheUSisnearly$2trillion.Withthenumberofadultsover85expectedtotripleby2050,researchershopethattechnologieslikeRASandtheWSUsmarthomewillrelievesomeofthefinancialpressureonthehealthcaresystembymakingiteasierforolderadultstolivealone.RASisthefirstrobotresearchershavetriedtoapplytotheirsmarthomeenvironment.TheyrecentlypublishedastudyinthejournalCognitiveSystemsResearchthatshowshowRAScouldmakelifeeasierforolderadultsstrugglingtoliveindependently.“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising，”Minorsaid.“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performancewithagroupofolderadultstogetabetterideaofwhatvideoremindersandotherpreferencestheyhaveregardingtherobot.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。这款昵称RAS的机器人可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。1．WhatplaysakeyroleinRASservingtheelderly?A．Sensors. B．Videos.C．Signallights. D．Headsize.答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...usessensors(传感器)equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare...”可知，这款机器人主要是利用安装在智能屋的传感器来执行一系列服务老年人的活动。2．WhatcanwelearnaboutRAS?A．Itisthefirstrobotusedindailylife.B．Itsfunctionremainstobetested.C．Itcanlocatepeopleanddoanytask.D．Itcancookforownersonitsown.答案：B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance...”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测试。故选B项。3．What'sMinor'sattitudetowardthefutureofRAS?A．Doubtful. B．Negative.C．Optimistic. D．Uncertain.答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的首句，尤其是句中的关键词promising“有希望的；光明的”可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观。4．Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ElderlyPeopleLeavetheNursingHomeB．SmartHomeTestsFirstElderCareRobotC．RAS,theFirstRobottoMakeHomeSmartD．OlderAdultsHaveBenefitedfromRASaLot答案：B标题判断题。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的为老年人服务的家用机器人。由最后一段第二句可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试。故B项为最佳标题。【词汇积累】①dementian.痴呆；精神错乱②postdoctoraladj.博士后的③initialadj.最初的；开始的；第一的【长难句分析】TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors(传感器)equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.机器人活动支持系统，或RAS，使用装备在华盛顿州立大学智能家居的传感器来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么，以及他们何时需要帮助其日常活动。分析：这是一个主从复合句。determine后跟3个并列的宾语从句，分别由where,what和when引导。Ⅱ.完形填空SophiaHadjipanteli,21now,first__1__headlineswhenphotographsofherbushybrowswereuploaded,buthassincebeenforcedto__2__herselfagainstsomedirtyments.Hadjipantelihas__3__morethan160,000Instagramfollowerssincehittingtheheadlineslastyearandsheis__4__morephotosonInstagram.Sophiaexplainedthatshethinksherfacelooks__5__withathickunibrow(一字眉).Besides,shehasnever__6__colouringherbrowsdarker,andshealsoprotectsthemwithoilatnightbeforeshegoesto__7__.Inspiteofthe__8__shereceivesonlinebecauseofherbrows,therearealsothosewho__9__hershowingherspecialbeautywith__10__bypostingphotosonInstagramcontinuously.Sophiamaypreferher__11__brows,butsheisalsoafanofcolorfulmake­upandbrightlips.Shewrote,“Iwearmake－upandhaveaunibrow__12__itiswhatIlike.”However,sheadmittedthatherthickbrowsandbrighteyemake­upleadtopeople__13__herwhenshewasatschool.ForSophia,havingaunibrowis__14__wearingaredliporacat­eye,andshestressedthatherlookcanturnintosomethingdifferentasshegets__15__.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。长着一字眉的SophiaHadjipanteli笑对恶意评论，不断地展示她的独特美。文章告诉我们：就算与众不同又怎样，人要活出自己的精彩。1．A.hit B．madeC．coloured D．greeted答案：A根据第二段中的“sincehittingtheheadlineslastyear”可知，SophiaHadjipanteli在她的一字浓眉照片上传到网络上后，成为新闻头条，hittheheadlines表示“成为新闻头条”。故选A。2．A.enjoy B．defendC．criticize D．teach答案：Bdefendoneselfagainst...“保护某人以免于……”。下文提到SophiaHadjipanteli遭到了网络暴力，她不得不保护(defend)自己免受一些不堪评论的伤害。故选B。3．A.cheated B．organizedC．gained D．bought答案：CSophiaHadjipanteli成为新闻头条后，她就收获了(gain)超过16万的粉丝。故选C。4．A.repairing B．researchingC．taking D．posting答案：D第四段中的“bypostingphotosonInstagramcontinuously”是提示，此处指她上传了(post)更多的照片，故选D。5．A.worse B．moreC．less D．better答案：D根据下文可知，SophiaHadjipanteli并不以自己的一字眉为耻，她甚至以此为荣，故应是她觉得一字眉让她的面容更美(better)。故选D。6．A.stopped B．imaginedC．avoided D．kept答案：A承接上文，她一直给自己的一字眉染色，让它更浓。故选A。7．A.church B．hospitalC．bed D．school答案：C根据常识可知，此处应是她在睡觉(gotobed)前还会用油来养护自己的眉毛。故选C。8．A.photos B．abuseC．money D．friends答案：B根据“Inspiteof”的转折可知，她受到了很多辱骂(abuse)。故选B。9．A.resist B．hurtC．judge D．praise答案：D根据下文中的“specialbeauty”可知，有很多人称赞(praise)她展示自己独特的美。故选D。10．A.bravery B．shynessC．sorrow D．patience答案：A这些人称赞她一直上传照片来展示自己独特美的勇气(bravery)。故选A。11．A.super B．ordinaryC．natural D．traditional答案：C下一句提到SophiaHadjipanteli也喜欢彩妆和亮唇，与之对应的是她喜欢自己天然的(natural)一字眉。故选C。12．A.so B．thoughC．because D．but答案：CSophiaHadjipanteli解释自己既化妆也保留天然一字眉的原因是出于喜欢，because表示“因为”。故选C。13．A.runningafter B．caringaboutC．puttingout D．staringat答案：Drunafter“追逐”；careabout“关心”；putout“扑灭”；stareat“盯着”。根据语境可知，SophiaHadjipanteli装扮的独特性在校园里会使人们盯着她看，故选D。14．A.awayfrom B．thesameasC．farfrom D．nextto答案：B对SophiaHadjipanteli而言，留着一字眉、涂红唇和画猫眼妆是一样(thesameas)正常的。故选B。15．A.younger B．olderC．richer D．taller答案：B根据常识可知，随着年龄的增长，她的长相可能会有些不同。getolder表示“变得更老”。故选B。Ⅲ.七选五(2020·山东省青岛市高三上学期调研)TheUN'sMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsincludedtheambitionthatby2015alltheworld'schildrenwouldpleteprimaryschool.Thishaslargelybeenachieved:nineoutoftenchildrenarenowenrolled.__1__Eventhoughmostoftheworld'schildrengotoschool,anawfullotofthemlearnprettymuchnothingthere.AccordingtoarecentWorldBankstudyofsevensub－SaharanAfricancountries,halfofnine－year－oldscannotreadasimplewordandthree－quarterscannotreadasimplesentence.__2__Severalrecentstudiessuggesteducationtechnologycanhelp.Itseemstobringaboutbiggerimprovementsinpoorcountriesthaninrichones.__3__Thatdoesn'tmeanbuyingputersforschoolsinthehopethatchildrenwillunderstandhowtousethem,astupidityonwhichplentyofmoneyhasbeenwasted.Instead,itmeansprovidingschoolswithsoftwarethatchildrencanusewithminimalhelpfromanadult.Thesoftwaregetsthingsrightmoreoftenthantheteachersdo,adjustsitselftothechild'sability,andsendsteachersinstructionsaboutwhattheyaresupposedtobeteaching.__4__Technologyisnopanacea(万灵药).__5__Andauthoritiesneedtotaketeachersintoaccount.Buteducationtechnologycanhelpgreatly—bymonitoringpupilsandteachersalike,assistingthebestteachersand,mostimportant,makingupforthefailingsoftheworst.A．Thereasonisterribleteaching.B．Theachievementsarereallygreat.C．However,thefigureisnotasimpressiveasitsounds.D．Technologyplaysamoreandmoreimportantroleinteaching.E．Goodtraditionalteachersarenotoutdated,andareneverlikelytobe.F．Meanwhileitallowstheauthoritiestocheckonwhethertheteacherisintheclassroom.G．Someofthescarceresourcesbeingspentonteacherscouldthereforebebetterspentoneducationtechnology.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科技可以帮助解决贫穷国家学校师资力量薄弱和教师匮乏的问题。1．C根据设空处上文可知，联合国千年发展目标中有一项雄心勃勃的计划：到2015年，世界上所有适龄儿童都能够完成小学阶段的学习。这个目标大部分已经实现了：九成适龄儿童如今已经入学。根据设空处下文可知，尽管世界上大多数适龄儿童都去了学校，他们之中有很多人在那里几乎什么都没学到。C项(然而，这个数字并不像听上去那样令人满意。)承上启下，C项中的thisfigure指的是上文中的nineoutoftenchildren，故选C项。2．A根据设空处上文可知，根据世界银行最近针对亚撒哈拉地区中七个国家的一份研究，有一半的九岁孩子连一个简单的单词都不会念，四分之三的孩子读不懂一些简单的句子。A项(原因在于糟糕的教学质量。)解释了为什么会出现这个现象，故选A项。3．G由本段中的instead后面的内容可知，G项(因此，一些原本被用在教师身上的稀缺资源可以被更好地用在教育科技上。)引起下文，故选G项。4．F根据设空处上文可知，从软件上学到的东西往往准确率比老师教的高，并能够根据孩子的能力自行调整，能够给教师发送提示信息，告诉教师应该教些什么。也就是这一部分是关于软件的好处，连接上文，F项(同时它使得有关部门能够监控教师是否在教室里。)切题。故选F项。5．E根据设空处上文“Technologyisnopanacea(万灵药)．”可知技术并非万灵药。根据设空处下文“Andauthoritiesneedtotaketeachersintoaccount.”可知，有关部门需要让教师肩负起责任。连接上下文，E项(优秀的传统教师并不会过时，也不可能过时。)切题。故选E项。Ⅳ.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Whetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtobeealotmoremoninthenextfewyears.Socialrobotsareabouttobringtechnologytotheeverydayworldinamorehumanizedway,saidCynthiaBreazeal,chiefscientistattherobotpanyJibo.Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikepanionsthanmere(仅仅的)tools.Forexample,theserobotswillbeabouttodistinguish(区别)whensomeoneishappyorsad.Thisallowsthemtorespondmoreappropriatelytotheuser.TheJiborobot,arrangedtoshiplaterthisyear,isdesignedtobeapersonalizedassistant.Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforittoperformdifferenttasks.Therobotdoesn'tjustdelivergeneralanswerstoquestions;itrespondsbasedonwhatitlearnsabouteachindividualinthehousehold.Itcandothingssuchasremindinganelderlyfamilymembertotakemedicineortakingfamilyphotos.Socialrobotsarenotjustfindingtheirwayintothehome.Theyhavepotentialapplicationsineverythingfromeducationtohealthcareandarealreadyfindingtheirwayintosomeoft