ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程2024/3/26ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程系列课程内容万事开头难进行企业IT架构评估做一个Exchange管理员必须掌握的技术-软件篇做一个Exchange管理员必须掌握的技术-硬件篇邮件系统设计和选型的原则如何执行压力测试？软件安装和服务器管理的规范化用户和系统迁移过程中的注意事项大规模的用户帐号管理、组管理中采用的常见策略客户端部署和管理邮件系统日常维护的要点系统SLA和监控流程邮件安全、反病毒和反垃圾邮件存储备份策略你的系统可靠性有几个9？Down机了怎么办？常见问题汇总和答疑ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程今日议程SLA是反映一项IT服务的综合指标，不仅仅代表系统的在线时间，更反映了用户对系统的认可程度。本次课程主要讨论构成SLA的组成部分，以及如何通过有效的工作来提升SLA和用户的满意程度。SLA的概念和深入解析关键业务系统监控的流程Exchange主要的性能指标性能优化建议ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程SLA的概念和深入解析SLA：ServiceLevelAgreement是在确定的成本下与客户达成的服务和系统使用情况的协议。最简单的指标：系统服务在线时间更进一步的衡量：资源：软硬件的使用效率和投资回报性能：用户的使用体验满意程度服务：各类问题和帮助请求的解决速度ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程服务级别协议(SLA)的结构ServiceBased-OneServiceLevelAgreementforaspecificserviceforallcustomersofthatserviceCustomerBased-OneServiceLevelAgreementforaspecificcustomerforallservicesMulti-LevelCorporateLevel-coveringallgenericServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesthatwouldbeappropriateforallcustomersCustomerLevel-coveringallServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesrelevanttoaspecificcustomergroupforallservicesusedServiceLevel-coveringallServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesrelevanttoaspecificserviceforaspecificcustomergroupExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程如何制定SLA在项目实施阶段的前期了解用户对SLA的需求在实施过程中根据实际的软硬件投入情况进行动态的更新，并及时与客户(用户)进行沟通如果项目涉及到第三方供应商，应在制定SLA之前取得第三方的认可和确认ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程如何贯彻SLA服务器端服务器配置和部署的规范统一运营过程中遵循严格的流程变更管理最终用户培训Helpdesk丰富客户端的功能，增强用户体验整体协调IT支持部门内部的横向沟通和协调管理与第三方供应商的关系及时保持与客户(IT主管部门，CIO等)的沟通ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程如何衡量SLA服务器在线时间客户满意度ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程服务器在线时间故障发生检测到问题检测时间诊断响应时间修复恢复服务问题解决下一次故障修复时间恢复时间MeanTimetoRepair(MTTR)“总的停机时间"TimeBetweenSystemIncidents(MTBSI)TimeBetweenFailures(MTBF)ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程客户满意度客观的设定用户的期望值建立良好的Helpdesk流程如果是跨国企业，Helpdesk流程的一致性非常重要ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程性能可扩展性可用性ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程关键业务系统监控的流程每日检查的内容备份情况邮件队列系统性能磁盘空间硬件情况昨天或昨晚的重要变更每日检查报表的分发建议使用SharePoint网站保存每日检查的报表ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程学会使用性能计数器来给Exchange把脉demoExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程性能优化建议SmalldesignchangescanreapbigbenefitsDonotbeoverlyaggressivewhentuning,especiallywhenitinvolvesregistrychangesAlwaysusetheMicrosoftExchangeServerBestPracticesAnalyzerToolforvalidationExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程StoragePerformanceThebiggestcauseofExchangeperformanceissuesUsuallytoofewspindlestomeetthedemandExchangeisI/OhungryBackoftheenvelope:1spindleforevery100usersActionstotakeWorkoutyourI/OprofileTellyourstoragevendorhowmanyIOPSyouwillproduceSetcachingcontrollersto100%write/4kilobyte(KB)cachepagesizeThinkend-to-endstorage(forexample,HostBusAdaptors)UseDiskPartoaligntracks(performanceboost)UseJetStresstovalidateyourstoragearchitectureReadthepaper,"OptimizingStorageinExchange2003"!WarningSigns!Averagedisklatencyisgreaterthan20millisecondsLongdisklatencyspikesaregreaterthan50millisecondsExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程FastAccesstoActiveDirectoryIfExchangeisslowaccessingtheActiveDirectorydirectoryservice,storeperformancesuffersandmaildeliveryisslowDoublecheckthattheDirectoryServiceAccess(DSAccess)listonlycontainslocaldomaincontrollerorglobalcatalogserversRememberthatroundrobinisusedRound-triptimesshouldbelessthan10msRuleofthumbYoushouldhaveoneglobalcatalogprocessorforeveryfourExchangeprocessorsVerifythatthe/3GBswitchisbeingusedonglobalcatalogsIncreasesJETcachefrom512megabytes(MB)to1gigabyte(GB)MoreoftheActiveDirectoryiscachedinmemoryExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程CorrectUseof/3GBSwitchMailboxandpublicfolderserversImplementwhenthereis=>1GBRAMWindowsServer2003

implement/USERVA=3030GlobalcatalogserversImplementwhenthereis=>1GBRAMFront-endandroutingserversDonotimplementregardlessofmemoryInstead,tunememoryforsystemcacheExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程/3GBand/USERVASwitchesUserModeKernelModeUserModeUserModeKernelModeUserModeExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程HeapDeCommitFreeBlockThresholdShouldbesetto0x40000onallExchangeserversReducesvirtualmemoryfragmentationbycoalescingsmallfreememoryregionsintolargerblocksEspeciallyimportantforlargeExchangemailboxservers–9582begone!/?id=315407

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程EnableHyper-ThreadingSettinginBIOSSometimesdefaultstoOFFCanimproveExchangeprocessorefficiencyby25%WorkswithWindowsServer2003andWindows2000ServerExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程DeployExchangeServer2003SP230%reductioninI/OpatternDrasticreductioninlogfilereplaytimesFrom30secondstolessthan2secondsSupportfor8-wayhyper-threadingserversSetsMaxDSNSizeto10MBbydefaultSide:Detectionofsingle-bitfliperrorsExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程HardwareDeviceDriversNonPagedPoolandpage

tableentry(PTE)efficiencyDisableunusedhardwaredevicesEspeciallyconsidernetworkadaptersandstoragecardsUseidenticalhardwareinsidetheserverOnedriverformultipledevicesBeespeciallycarefulwithgraphicsadaptersCanresultinseriousPTEreductionKeepdriversup-to-dateSwitchtoVGA.SYSdriverNeedmorePTEs?ForExchangeServer2003,reduce/USERVAto2970ForExchange2000Server,useSystemPagesregistryparameter(stealfromthePagedPool)!RedFlags!FreePTEcountlessthan5000ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程TEMPConversionsForPostOfficeProtocol(POP),InternetMessageAccessProtocol(IMAP),anddedicatedpublicfolderservers,redirectTEMPpathtoadedicatedfastdiskStand-alone=SystemTEMPpathCluster=ClusteraccountTEMPpathMessagesgreaterthan4KBinsizeareconvertedthroughtheuseofatemporaryfileondiskExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程TuneAntivirusScannersGetlatestadvicefromyourantivirusvendoronoptimumconfigurationforyourserverNumberofScanningThreadsMemory/diskfilesizethresholdRemembertokeepyourantivirusbinariesup-to-dateAvoidsproblemssuchasVirtualmemoryfragmentationNondpoolerrorsServicefailuresExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程OnlineMaintenanceScheduleSkewonlinemaintenanceforlargemailboxserverssothereisatleasta

15minutegapbetweenstarttimesSkewonlinemaintenanceandonlinebackupschedulesothatthereiszerooverlapBackupwillkillmaintenancethreadsiftheycollideAlwaysmakesurethatonlinemaintenancegetsachancetorunNeverdisableonlinemaintenanceExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程LogBufferTuningExchangeServer2003defaultsto500buffers(at512bytes)/?id=328466

Ifdisklatenciesarereasonable,butlogstallsarehigh,increaselogbuffervalueinActiveDirectoryThisisespeciallycriticalfordeploymentsthatusereplicatedstorageUseamultipleof64andnevermorethan9000StoragegroupgreaterthanmsExchESEParamLogBuffersExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程MailboxStoreCacheStorehasatwohourcacheforre-readingmailboxconfigurationsettingsMailboxlimitsandthresholdsUsetheMailboxCacheAgeLimitregistryparametertoreducewaittime/?id=327378

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程UseDedicatedRoutingServersQueuingmessagesusepagedpoolmemoryandincreaseCPUutilizationEnsurethatlargemailboxserverscanimmediatelyoffloadmessagestoalocaldedicatedroutingserverForroutingservers,splitSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)queueontodedicatedfastdiskOnlyimplementCheckConnectorRestrictionsregistryparameteronroutingserversExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程ReduceLinkStateSizeAvoidcreatingorremovingroutinggroupsUseREMONITOR–injecttonullifyolddataifnecessary(MicrosoftProductSupportServicestool)WatchoutforoscillatingconnectionsUseSuppressStateChangesregistryparametertopreventaserverfrombroadcastingchanges/?id=832281

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程Avoid7-bitConversionsPairsofExchangeServer2003bridgeheadsinanativemodeorganizationperform8-bitbinaryMIMEtransferstoeachotheroverExchangeServerRoutingGroupconnectorsAllothercombinationswillforceeachmessagetogothrough7-bitconversionsresultingin30%additionalbytesonthewireExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程ImplementMessageSizeLimitsLargemessagescanmonopolizeExchangeserversSetsensiblelimitsinglobalsettingsCanExchangeprocessmessagesofanysize?OnlysetSMTPlevellimitsonincomingbridgeheadserversImplementMaxDSNSizeifyouarenotrunningExchangeServer2003SP1ExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程CheckIPStackConfigurationWatchfortyposonDNSandWindowsInternetNameService(WINS)addressesFallbacktobroadcastingAlwaysensurethatprimaryDNSisavailableThereisa30%reductioninmailflowperformanceifsecondaryDNSisusedExchangeServer白手起家系列系统SLA和监控流程UnderstandClientAdd-InsManyadd-instoOutlookwilldramaticallyincreasetheloadontheserverRe-calculateIOPSUseExMontooltotraceusers/exchange/downloads

Value-addservicessuchasBlackberryusuallyrequirestore-leveltuning/?id=216076EnsurethelatestCollaborationData