山东省日照市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末校际联合考试英语试题（含答案解析）

2023级高一上学期期末校际联合考试英语试题本试卷共四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡相应的位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesLucyusuallydoonWednesdays?A.Goswimming.B.Visitthechildren'shome.C.Playwiththechildren.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandofirst?A.Walkupthestairs.B.Takeupslowrunning.C.Trycycling.3.Whatdidthewomandoduringthetrip?A.Sheboughtmanybooks.B.Shewenttovisitanartist.C.Shetasteddeliciousfood.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inamarket.C.Onthestreet.5.Whattimedidtheshopclosetoday?A.At7:00p.m.B.At7:30p.m.C.At8:00p.m.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesthemansayaboutJulie?A.Heisproudofher.B.Sheishelpful.C.Shedidherbest.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotoschool.B.Eatatarestaurant.C.Buysomeclothes.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howtorideabike.B.Howtorunfaster.C.Howtogetfit.9.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Buyanexercisebike.B.Doaphysicalfitnesstest.C.Helpherstarttherunningmachine.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesmanandcustomer.B.Husbandandwife.C.Businesspartners.11.Whathavethespeakersreceived?A.Somedresses.B.Somebooks.C.Someshoes.12.Howdoesthemanplantodealwiththethingstheyget?A.Givethemtohissister.B.Donatethemtothepoor.C.Sellthemforsomemoney.13.Howmanypeoplewillmakeateamaccordingtothewoman?ATwo.B.Three.C.Four.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthenews?A.Concerned.B.Excited.C.Bored.15.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingaspeech.B.Carryingoutaproject.C.Givinganewsreport.16.Whatistheman'ssolutiontoglobalpollution?A.Avoidingcarbonfootprint.B.Increasingtheuseofcleanenergy.C.Puttingwastewaterintothesea.17.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisimportant?A.Supportfromgovernments.B.Schooleducationforfuturegenerations.C.Publicawarenessoftheiractions'effects.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whyisthespeakermakingthespeech?A.Amanagerisgettingmarried.B.Ateamisgettinganaward.C.Aco-workerisretiring.19.WhendidthespeakerfirstmeetJack?A.10yearsago.B.35yearsago.C.40yearsago.20.Whatwillhappennext?A.Jackwillhaveaninterview.B.Apartywillbeheld.C.Therewillbeaconference.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AReadytoshowoffyourarttotheworld?Checkoutourguidetosomeofthebestartconteststoenterthisyear.WatermediaShowcasePrize:$2500firstprize,$1,250secondprize.EntryFee:$35.Requirements:Opentointernationalartists18yearsofageandolder.TheWatermediaShowcaseawardsoriginalartcreatedprimarilywithwater-basedmedia.JudgedbytheeditorsofWatercolorArtist,allwinnerswillhavetheirworkfeaturedinthemagazine.TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArtPrize:$4000firstprize,witha$13,500totalprizefund.EntryFee:$40.Requirements:Opentoartistsworldwide.ThisdigitalartcompetitionisorganizedbyLumenArtProjectsLtd,whichprovidesnewopportunitiesfordigitalartistsaroundtheworld.CategoriesincludeStill,MovingImage,XR,3D/InteractiveandArtificialIntelligence.WorldIllustrationAwardsPrize:Acashprizeof$2,540andmorepublicityopportunities.EntryFee:$37.Requirements:Opentoartistsworldwide.Illustratorsareinvitedtosubmitworksto8differentcategories.Winnerswillwinnotonlyacashprize,butalsoafeatureinamajorexhibitionincentralLondon,andaninvitationtotheAwardsEveninginOctober.StrokesofGenius:TheBestofDrawingPrize:$2,000firstprize,$1,000secondprize.EntryFee:$45.Requirements:OpentoartistsintheUnitedStates.TheStrokesofGeniusCompetitioncelebratesoriginalworkmadeindrawingmediumsincludingpencil,charcoalandevensomewetpaintmediums.Winningentries(参赛作品)willbepublishedinaspecialeditionpublication,TheBestofDrawing.1.Whichcompetitionisrelatedtotechnology?A.WatermediaShowcase. B.TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArt.C.WorldIllustrationAwards. D.StrokesofGenius:TheBestofDrawing.2.WhatchancecanwinnersofWorldIllustrationAwardshave?A.TohosttheAwardsEvening. B.Toholdartexhibitionsglobally.C.Toselltheirentriesathighprices. D.Tobecomeknowntothepublic.3.HowistheStrokesofGeniusCompetitiondifferentfromtheothers?A.Itisfreeofcharge. B.Itawardsthelargestprizeinamount.C.Itisanationalcompetition. D.Ithasanagelimitforparticipants.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四项艺术竞赛。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArt部分中“CategoriesincludeStill,MovingImage,XR,3D/InteractiveandArtificialIntelligence.(类别包括静态，动态图像，XR，3D/交互式和人工智能)”可知，该竞赛与科技有关。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WorldIllustrationAwards部分中“Prize:Acashprizeof$2,540andmorepublicityopportunities.(奖品：现金奖励2540美元及更多宣传机会)”以及“Winnerswillwinnotonlyacashprize,butalsoafeatureinamajorexhibitionincentralLondon,andaninvitationtotheAwardsEveninginOctober.(获奖者不仅将获得现金奖励，还将在伦敦市中心的一个大型展览中展出，并受邀参加10月份的颁奖晚会)”可知，WorldIllustrationAwards的获奖者可以为公众所知。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据其它比赛欢迎世界各地的艺术家和StrokesofGenius:TheBestofDrawing部分中“Requirements:OpentoartistsintheUnitedStates.(要求：对美国艺术家开放)”可知，StrokesofGenius比赛与其他比赛的不同在于它只对美国艺术家开放，这是一项国家性的比赛。故选C。B13-year-oldAvaDorseyisthefounderofAva’sPetPalace,abusinessthatsellsorganicdogandcattreats.“IactuallyhadtheideawhenIwassixwithapictureIdrewofapalace,”shesays.Itwasadetaileddesignfordogsandcatsandshehadseriousplanstobuilditoneday.Unlikemostdogtreatsthatyoufindinstores,dogtreatssoldbyAva’sPetPalaceare100%organic,andarenon-GMO(非转基因).Avahassetagoalforherselfwiththesedogtreats,andshewantseverytreattobehealthy,tasty,andtop-quality.Seriously,someofhertreatssounddeliciousenoughforpeopletoeat!“AllofmybagsnowhavetheUSDAorganicstamp,andwe'reveryexcitedtohavegottenitbecauseit'ssomethingI'vewantedforalongtime,”shesays.“Alotofstoresliketoseeorganicproductsbecausecustomerslikeit,sothatwasreallyexciting.”Avasaysthebiggestchallengeofbeingakidinbusinessiswhenpeopledon'ttakeherseriously,butundoubtedlyAvahasprovedthatherdoubtersarewrong!Whenaskedhowshedefines(定义)success,Avasays,“Whenyouhitabumpintheroad,youshouldn'tgiveupandyoukeeptrying.”Shelearnedthatfromhermom,whosoundslikeasmartlady!SomemorethingsAvahaslearnedfromheryearsinbusiness:Hardworkeventuallypaysoffandthereisnothingwrongwithaskingforhelp.Asfarasthefutureofthepettreatsindustrygoes,Avaisoptimistic——butshe’dalsoliketobeaninspirationforchange.“There’snotmuchdiversity(多样性)rightnow,sothat’ssomethingIwouldlovetoseeinthefuture,”saysAva.“Iwouldalsolovetoseemorekidsinthisindustry.Therearen'tmanyotherteenagersaround,andIhopethatIcanbeaninspirationtootherswhohopetoleadthepetindustry.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutAva’sPetPalacefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itisapalaceforpets. B.Itisverypopularamongkids.C.Itsellsorganicpetfood. D.Itdesignsstampsforcustomers.5.Whatdoes“hitabumpintheroad”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Driveonastoneroad. B.Escapeasetbackinbusiness.C.Faceachallengingsituation. D.Encounteranunexpectedopportunity.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAva’sfuturegoals?A.Sheplanstoenlargeherbusinessinotherindustries.B.Shewantstoemploymoreteenagersinhercompany.C.Sheintendstobealeadingfigureinthepetindustry.D.Shehopestobreaknewgroundinthepettreatsindustry.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAva?A.Patientandhard-working. B.Determinedandcreative.C.Confidentandhumorous. D.Friendlyandoutgoing.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。主要介绍了13岁的AvaDorsey创立了一家销售有机狗粮和猫粮的企业Ava’sPetPalace。她看好宠物零食行业的未来，同时也希望更多的青少年加入这个行业。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“13-year-oldAvaDorseyisthefounderofAva’sPetPalace,abusinessthatsellsorganicdogandcattreats.（13岁的艾娃·多尔西(AvaDorsey)是艾娃宠物宫(Ava'sPetPalace)的创始人，该公司销售有机狗和猫零食。）”和第二段“Unlikemostdogtreatsthatyoufindinstores,dogtreatssoldbyAva’sPetPalaceare100%organic,andarenon-GMO(非转基因).（与您在商店中找到的大多数狗零食不同，Ava'sPetPalace出售的狗零食是100%有机的，并且是非转基因的(非转基因)。）”可知，Ava’sPetPalace致力于生产健康、美味和高质量的有机狗粮和猫粮。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段第二句“Whenaskedhowshedefines(定义)success,Avasays,‘’Whenyouhitabumpintheroad,youshouldn'tgiveupandyoukeeptrying.”（当被问及她如何定义成功时，艾娃说：“当你在路上遇到坎坷时，你不应该放弃，你应该继续努力。”）”和第四句话“SomemorethingsAvahaslearnedfromheryearsinbusiness:Hardworkeventuallypaysoffandthereisnothingwrongwithaskingforhelp.（艾娃从多年的商业生涯中还学到了一些东西：努力工作最终会得到回报，寻求帮助并没有错。）”可知，AvaDorsey认为成功意味着面对困难时不放弃，并且学到了努力终会有回报，以及寻求帮助并不是一件坏事。“hitabumpintheroad”这个短语指的是面对有挑战的情况，故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段前两句话“Asfarasthefutureofthepettreatsindustrygoes,Avaisoptimistic——butshe’dalsoliketobeaninspirationforchange.“There’snotmuchdiversity(多样性)rightnow,sothat’ssomethingIwouldlovetoseeinthefuture,”saysAva.（就宠物零食行业的未来而言，Ava很乐观，但她也希望成为变革的灵感。“现在没有太多多样性，所以这是我很乐意看到的未来，”Ava说。）”可得知，AvaDorsey看好宠物零食行业的未来，希望自己能给行业变化带来灵感与启示，期待行业内更多的多样性。由此可推断她希望在宠物零食行业开辟新领域使该行业呈现多样性。故选D。7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“IactuallyhadtheideawhenIwassixwithapictureIdrewofapalace,”shesays.Itwasadetaileddesignfordogsandcatsandshehadseriousplanstobuilditoneday.（事实上，我六岁时就产生了这个想法，当时我画了一张宫殿的图画，”她说。这是一个针对狗和猫的详细设计，她认真计划有一天要建造它。）”第二段“Unlikemostdogtreatsthatyoufindinstores,dogtreatssoldbyAva’sPetPalaceare100%organic,andarenon-GMO(非转基因).（与您在商店中找到的大多数狗零食不同，Ava'sPetPalace出售的狗零食是100%有机的，并且是非转基因的(非转基因)。）”以及第三段“Whenaskedhowshedefines(定义)success,Avasays,‘’Whenyouhitabumpintheroad,youshouldn'tgiveupandyoukeeptrying.”（当被问及她如何定义成功时，艾娃说：“当你在路上遇到坎坷时，你不应该放弃，你应该继续努力。”）”可知，AvaDorsey在6岁时便萌生了创业的想法。与普通宠物零食不同的是Ava’sPetPalace所售卖的零食是100%有机而且非转基因的，并获得了美国农业部有机认证。作为一名年轻的企业家，AvaDorsey面临很多挑战，尤其是她因年龄小不被人看好，但她坚持不放弃并最终获得成功。由此可得知她坚决果敢且富有创造力。故选B。CMushrooms(蘑菇)usuallygrowondark,dampforestfloorsorfallentreebranches.NowacompanyinAbuDhabihasfoundawaytogrowtheminthemiddleofthedesert.BelowFarmisproducingspecialmushrooms.Co-founderBronteWeirsaystheindoorfarm,about45minutes’drivefromdowntownAbuDhabi,isthefirstintheregiontogrowandsellhigh-endmushrooms.BelowFarm’sofferingsarebetterthanimportedmushrooms,shesays,becausemushroomslosetheirfreshnessquickly.Weirco-foundedthecompanyin2021,incooperationwithLilianaSlowinskaandWojciechSlowinski.Theymainlysellthemushroomstorestaurantsandstores.Also,theysellmushroomsdirectlytocustomers.Weirsaysthatexistingindoormushroom-growingtechnology,developedmainlyinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,isn’tdesignedforAbuDhabi’shighdaytimetemperatures,whichcantop40degreesCelsiusinsummer.WojciechSlowinskitooktheleadindevelopingasolution.Thefarmconsistsoffourspecialchambers(室)coveredinafoot-deeplayerofinsulation(隔热材料)tohelpkeepthespacecool.“Wecancreatetherightconditionsforeachtypeofmushroom,”saysWeir.MaintaininghigherairpressureinsidetheroomshelpstoprotectthecropsfromAbuDhabi’swindsanddust.RajDagstanı,whorunsarestaurant,isafanofBelowFarm.“Thebest-tastingpizzaonthemenuisthemushroom,”saysDagstani,addingthathecreatedthedishafterhetriedoutBelowFarm’smushrooms.Henoworders20kilogramsofmushroomsaweekfromthecompany.Accordingtomarketintelligenceexperts,theglobalmushroommarketgrewbyover9%lastyearandcontinuestoexpand,partlyduetothepopularityofplant-baseddiets.8.WheredoesBelowFarmprobablylie?A.InuptownAbuDhabi. B.InthecenterofAbuDhabi.C.Inadarkdeepforest. D.Inthegrasslandofthedesert.9.WhatdoesBronteWeirdo?A.ApartnerinBelowFarm. B.AfounderofAbuDhabi.C.Amanagerofarestaurant. D.Ascientistinfarming.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewindoormushroom-growingtechnology?A.Itprovidesfreshairinsidetherooms.B.Ithelpstokeeptheheatoutofthechambers.C.Itoffersanewwaytokeepmushroomsfresh.D.Itpromotesthedevelopmentofmushroomvarieties.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromRajDagstani’swords?A.Plant-baseddietsbecomesmorepopular.B.Hisrestaurantsellsthebest-tastingpizza.C.Theglobalmushroommarketispromising.D.TheBelowFarm’smushroomsareofhighquality.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一家位于阿布扎比的公司BelowFarm运用新技术成功地在沙漠中种出特殊的高端蘑菇。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Co-founderBronteWeirsaystheindoorfarm,about45minutes’drivefromdowntownAbuDhabi,isthefirstintheregiontogrowandsellhigh-endmushrooms.(联合创始人BronteWeir说，这家室内农场距离阿布扎比市中心约45分钟车程，是该地区第一家种植和销售高端蘑菇的农场。)”可知，BelowFarm农场位于阿布扎比郊区。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Weirco-foundedthecompanyin2021,incooperationwithLilianaSlowinskaandWojciechSlowinski.(Weir于2021年与LilianaSlowinska和WojciechSlowinski合作创办了该公司。)”可知，BronteWeir是该公司的合伙人。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“WojciechSlowinskitooktheleadindevelopingasolution.Thefarmconsistsoffourspecialchambers(室)coveredinafoot-deeplayerofinsulation(隔热材料)tohelpkeepthespacecool.(WojciechSlowinski率先提出了解决方案。农场由四个特殊的房间组成，上面覆盖着一英尺厚的隔热层，以帮助保持空间凉爽。)”可知，新的室内蘑菇种植技术有助于保持室内的温度。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Thebest-tastingpizzaonthemenuisthemushroom,’saysDagstani,addingthathecreatedthedishafterhetriedoutBelowFarm’smushrooms.(‘菜单上最美味的披萨是蘑菇。’他补充说，他在尝试了BelowFarm的蘑菇后创造了这道菜。)”推知，BelowFarm的蘑菇品质很高。故选D项。DSmartphonesandotherdigitaldevicescontrolandconsumeourattention.Thisistrueforyoungpeople.Onpublictransport,theyarecheckingsocialmediaorplayinganaddictivegameratherthansleeping.Veryfewpeoplearereadingabookorhavingaconversationwithfellowtravelers.Childrentodayaredigitalnatives.Thismeanstheyhaveneverknownlifewithoutinternetaccess.Theyhavebeenraisedonclicks.Theyjumpfromcontenttocontentwithoutasecondthought.InthewordsofthephilosopherHaninhis2021bookNon-things,thiskindofnonstopexcitementmeansthatwequicklycometoneedanewexciter.Wegetusedtoseeingrealityasasourceofexcitersandsurprises.Westruggletofocusourattentiononanyonething.Thiswilldisturbourcognitive(认知)system.Bookscantrainthebraintodeeplyfocusitsattentionononetaskwhilemobiledevicesencourageustohangoverthesurfaceofthings,butwedonotfullygraspthem.Whenwereceiveinformationinlargeamounts,itstopsbeingmeaningful.Whenfacedwithalargeamountofit,ourbrainsreactbyblockingtheinformation.Butthediscardedcontentdoesnotsimplydisappearfromourminds.Instead,itremains.Thispreventsusfromfiguringoutwhatweareinterestedin.Itlimitsourattentionlength.Mobilephoneaddictionandthewayyoungpeoplelearnarebothdirectlyconnectedtotheconceptofmindwandering.Toomuchinformationinputmakesusswitchoffandloseattention.Andthiscanbedamaginginthelongterm.Inordertorecoverattention,thebrainneedstotakeabreak.Itneedstofindtimeandspacewhereitcanbefreefromconstantnoise.Adultscanmaketheefforttofindthesemuch-neededspacestofocusattention.Children,ontheotherhand,havenotyetgainedthis.Theyruntheriskofneverrecoveringtheirattentionspans.Ifwegivechildrenandteenagersaccesstodigitaldevicesbeforetheyhavedevelopedtheseskills,theirattentionwillbefreetowander.Itwillthenbecomeharderandharderforthemtofocusonataskforthenecessaryamountoftime.12.Whatisacommonsceneamongtheyoungonpublictransport?A.Theyaretalkingwitheachother. B.Theyareusuallysleeping.C.Mostofthemareabsorbedinreading. D.Theyarelostintheirphones.13.WhatdoesHanthinkoftoomuchclickingsmartphones?A.Itreducesourabilitytofocus.B.Itweakensourneedforfunimmediately.C.Itincreasesourinterestintraditionalmedia.D.Itenablesustoseerealityasasourceofsurprises.14.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Mobiledeviceshelpustofullyunderstandbooks.B.Smartphoneaddictionstopsusformingalastingattention.C.Beingexposedtosmartphoneinformationblocksourbrain.D.Theinformationwegetwilldisappearsoonfromourminds.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Abookreview.C.Abiologytextbook. D.Asmartphonead.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了现代年轻人过度使用数字设备，导致注意力分散、认知系统受损。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Onpublictransport,theyarecheckingsocialmediaorplayinganaddictivegameratherthansleeping.(在公共交通工具上，他们查看社交媒体或玩令人上瘾的游戏，而不是睡觉。)”可知，在公共交通工具上年轻人沉迷于玩手机很常见。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“InthewordsofthephilosopherHaninhis2021bookNon-things,thiskindofnonstopexcitementmeansthatwequicklycometoneedanewexciter.Wegetusedtoseeingrealityasasourceofexcitersandsurprises.Westruggletofocusourattentiononanyonething.Thiswilldisturbourcognitive(认知)system.(用哲学家韩在他2021年出版的《非物》一书中的话说，这种不间断的兴奋意味着我们很快就需要一个新的兴奋者。我们习惯于将现实视为令人兴奋和惊喜的源泉。我们很难把注意力集中在任何一件事上。这会扰乱我们的认知系统。)”可知，哲学家Han认为过度使用数字设备会使我们难以专注，会扰乱我们的认知系统。故选A。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Bookscantrainthebraintodeeplyfocusitsattentionononetaskwhilemobiledevicesencourageustohangoverthesurfaceofthings,butwedonotfullygraspthem.Whenwereceiveinformationinlargeamounts,itstopsbeingmeaningful.Whenfacedwithalargeamountofit,ourbrainsreactbyblockingtheinformation.Butthediscardedcontentdoesnotsimplydisappearfromourminds.Instead,itremains.Thispreventsusfromfiguringoutwhatweareinterestedin.Itlimitsourattentionlength.(书籍可以训练大脑将注意力深度集中在一项任务上，而移动设备则鼓励我们停留在事物的表面，但我们并不能完全掌握它们。当我们接收到大量信息时，它就不再有意义了。当面对大量信息时，我们的大脑会通过屏蔽信息来做出反应。但被丢弃的内容并没有简单地从我们的脑海中消失。相反，它依然存在。这让我们无法弄清楚自己感兴趣的是什么。它限制了我们注意力的长度。)”可知，智能手机成瘾使我们无法形成持久的注意力。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中“Smartphonesandotherdigitaldevicescontrolandconsumeourattention.(智能手机和其他数字设备控制并消耗了我们的注意力。)”可知，本文主要讲述了过度使用数字设备对于专注力的影响，所以文章可能出自一本科学杂志。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourfriendsareahugepartofyourlife,andit’sdifficulttofinallydecidetostophangingoutwiththem.Hereareafewpointsonhowtocutnegativepeoplefromyourlife.____16____Takesometimetothinkaboutthepeopleyouspendtimewith.Dotheytendtotakeadvantageofyouincertainsituations?Dotheyusuallydragyoudown?Dotheyalwayscomplainaboutthesimplestofthings?Onceyouthinkaboutthequestionsabove,you’llbeabletoseewhichofthepeopleinyourlifearenegative.Limityourcommunicationwiththem.Doyourbesttolimitcommunicationwiththem.Ifyou’retalkingtothemonsocialmedia,onaregularbasis,tryclosingthenotificationsfromthem.Keepyourselfbusywithyourownworkandgoals,____17____Searchfornewfriendcircles.Ifyoufeellikeyoursocialcircleisnothingbutthenegativecircle,trysearchingforanewcircle____18____Infact,thereareplentyofplacesonlinetofindpositivepeopletotalkto,andthereareplentyofplacestogoandmeetpeopleinreallifeaswell.____19____Ourroutinesplayabigpartinwhomwecommunicatewith,andhowwefeelThereareplentyofsituationswhereyoucouldbefacedwithpeoplewhoarenegative:whereyouwork,whereyouspendyourtimeonFridayandSaturdaynights,whoyoulivewithandwhoyoueatwith.Dependingonyourlifestyleandhowyourroutineforthedayisplanned,there’llbesituationsotherthantheabove.Negativepeoplearesometimesunavoidable._____20_____Ifhowever,peoplefilledwithnegativityhavebecomeclosefriendsofyours,itwon’tdoyouanygood.Yououghttocutnegativefriendsfromyoursurroundings.A.Showyourattitudetothem.B.Tellapartthosewhoarenegative.C.Manyofthemareeasytogetworried.D.Changeyourdailylifetoavoidnegativity.E.You’llcomeacrosstheminlifenowandagain.F.Thiscanhelplimittheamountoftimetocommunicatewiththem.G.It’swisetoconnectwithotherswhoaremorepositiveindividuals.【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.D20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些如何把消极的人从你的生活中剔除的建议。【16题详解】根据本段内容“Takesometimetothinkaboutthepeopleyouspendtimewith.Dotheytendtotakeadvantageofyouincertainsituations?Dotheyusuallydragyoudown?Dotheyalwayscomplainaboutthesimplestofthings?Onceyouthinkaboutthequestionsabove,you’llbeabletoseewhichofthepeopleinyourlifearenegative.(花点时间想想和你在一起的人。在某些情况下，他们是否倾向于利用你？他们通常会拖累你吗？他们总是抱怨最简单的事情吗？一旦你思考了上面的问题，你就能看出你生活中哪些人是消极的)”可知，本段的主旨是通过思考给出的问题，辨别哪些是消极的人。故B选项“辨别那些消极的人”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Keepyourselfbusywithyourownworkandgoals(让自己忙于自己的工作和目标)”可知，上文建议让自己忙于自己的工作和目标，故本句承接上文，说明这么做的目的。故F选项“这有助于限制与他们交流的时间”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据后文“Infact,thereareplentyofplacesonlinetofindpositivepeopletotalkto,andthereareplentyofplacestogoandmeetpeopleinreallifeaswell.(事实上，网上有很多地方可以找到积极向上的人交谈，也有很多地方可以去认识现实生活中的人)”可知，后文提到了在网上和现实中找积极向上的人交谈，G选项中positiveindividuals对应后文positivepeople。故G选项“和更积极的人交往是明智的”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Ourroutinesplayabigpartinwhomwecommunicatewith,andhowwefeelThereareplentyofsituationswhereyoucouldbefacedwithpeoplewhoarenegative:whereyouwork,whereyouspendyourtimeonFridayandSaturdaynights,whoyoulivewithandwhoyoueatwith.Dependingonyourlifestyleandhowyourroutineforthedayisplanned,there’llbesituationsotherthantheabove.(在很多情况下，你可能会面对消极的人：你在哪里工作，你周五和周六晚上在哪里度过，你和谁住在一起，和谁一起吃饭。根据你的生活方式和你每天的日程安排，还会出现上述情况以外的情况)”可知，后文提到日常生活中会面对消极的人的情况，由此可知要根据生活方式和习惯进行改变，从而避免这些人。故D选项“改变你的日常生活，避免消极”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Negativepeoplearesometimesunavoidable.(消极的人有时是不可避免的)”以及后文“Ifhowever,peoplefilledwithnegativityhavebecomeclosefriendsofyours,itwon’tdoyouanygood.Yououghttocutnegativefriendsfromyoursurroundings.(然而，如果充满消极情绪的人已经成为你的亲密朋友，这对你没有任何好处。你应该和那些消极的朋友断绝关系)”可知，上文提到消极的人有时是不可避免，后文提到要和消极的朋友断绝关系，故本句只是说明生活中遇到消极的人，还没有成为朋友。故E选项“在生活中，你会时不时地遇到这样的人”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Peoplewithautism(自闭症)generallyseetheworldthroughalensdifferentfromtherestoftheworld.Suchisthe___21___withAnthonySchmidt.Anthonyisdrivenbyhisloveforcars.Anthony’slargecollectionofmodelcarsis___22___,buthisloveforautomobilesdoesn’t___23___there.Healsohasagood___24___ofnearlyeverycar.Showhimacar,andhecan___25___youthecar’smake,modelandyearimmediately.Anthonyliveswithhismom,Ramona.Shesaysherson’scarenthusiasm___26___whenhewasabouttwoyearsold.Byage6,he’dbegun___27___aphotographingseriesoftableaux(画面)starringhismodelcars.Ramonastartedapageonawebsiteto___28___Anthony’sextraordinaryworks.Withhismom’s___29___,Anthonyhasgoneontolaunchhisownproductlinethatincludesbooks,calendarsandphotographicprints.Tokeep____30____ofhismodelcollection,AnthonyusesanExcelspreadsheet._____31_____manypeoplewithautism,organizationandmathematicsareintrinsic(固有的)tohisworldview.Anthonylovescars.Hismomsayshe____32____tomakethemhislife’swork.Hehopesto____33____otherswithspecialneedsandtheirfamilies.“Youcansetyour____34____towhateveryouwant,”heexplained.Anthony’sdeterminedfocusopensa____35____toanotherworldandanotherwayofseeingaltogether.Andthatisapricelessgiftforallofus.21.A.case B.problem C.experiment D.trouble22.A.challenging B.demanding C.annoying D.surprising23.A.appear B.stop C.reduce D.change24.A.look B.opinion C.knowledge D.impression25.A.prove B.bring C.offer D.tell26.A.began B.increased C.continued D.remained27.A.checking B.creating C.enjoying D.describing28.A.admire B.design C.improve D.show29.A.promise B.courage C.help D.permission30.A.track B.pace C.aware D.ahead31.A.Including B.Considering C.Like D.Except32.A.agrees B.plans C.learns D.remembers33.A.employ B.contact C.teach D.inspire34.A.mind B.decision C.time D.position35.A.website B.window C.book D.collection【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.D26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了患有自闭症的AnthonySchmidt从两岁开始对汽车感兴趣，打算把它当成一生的事业，并希望以此来激励更多的人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：AnthonySchmidt就是这样一个例子。A.case例子；B.problem问题；C.experiment实验；D.trouble麻烦。根据前文“Peoplewithautism(自闭症)generallyseetheworldthroughalensdifferentfromtherestoftheworld.”和后文“Anthonyisdrivenbyhisloveforcars.”可知，AnthonySchmidt通过一种与其他人不同的视角来看待世界，就是一个这样的例子。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Anthony收集的大量汽车模型令人惊讶，但他对汽车的热爱还不止于此。A.challenging有挑战性的；B.demanding要求高的；C.annoying烦人的；D.surprising令人惊奇的。根据后文“buthisloveforautomobilesdoesn’t___3___there.Healsohasagood___4___ofnearlyeverycar.”可知，Anthony收集的大量汽车模型并对它们非常熟悉，这是令人惊讶的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.appear出现；B.stop停止；C.reduce减少；D.change改变。根据后文“Healsohasagood___4___ofnearlyeverycar.Showhimacar,andhecan___5___youthecar’smake,modelandyearimmediately.”可知，Anthony对汽车的热爱不止于此，他对几乎每一辆车都非常熟悉。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Anthony对几乎每一辆车都了如指掌。A.look看；B.opinion看法；C.knowledge知识；D.impression印象。根据后文“Showhimacar,andhecan___5___youthecar'smake,modelandyearimmediately.”可知，Anthony几乎对每一辆车都非常了解。haveagoodknowledgeof是固定搭配，意为“对……很了解”。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：给他看一辆车，他能马上告诉你这辆车的品牌、型号和年份。A.prove证明；B.bring带来；C.offer提供；D.tell告诉。根据前文“Healsohasagood___4___ofnearlyeverycar.”和后文“thecar’smake,modelandyear”可知，给Anthony看一辆车，他能马上告诉你这辆车的品牌、型号和年份。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，她儿子对汽车的热情始于他两岁左右。A.began开始；