2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习学案第一编必修2Unit1Culturalrelics

Unit1Culturalrelics晨背分钟填词并背记ABraveMaidAwoodenvasefromtheMingDynastyattheentranceofthereceptionhallamazedeveryone.Theartistsdesigneditinararestyleandselectedvaluablejewelstodecorateit.Peoplethoughthighlyofitsfancycolourofhoneyandthebeautifulpaintingsonit.Thevaseusedtobelongtoaformercastle.Butwhenthecountrywasatwar,theenemytroopsexplodedthecastle.Debatesonhowthevasesurvivedwentonandon.Inordertoremovepeople'sdoubt,ateamofnolessthan20peoplecarriedoutaninformalinvestigation.Theevidencetheyfoundshowedthatamaidtookthevaseapartandaskedasailortosinkitinalocalwell.Shenevergaveawaythesecretevenunderthecrueltrialoftheenemieswhowereinsearchoftreasures.Itisworthgivingthisbravemaidafortuneinreturn.一位勇敢的女仆接待大厅入口处的明朝木制花瓶使每个人都惊奇不已。艺术家以一种罕有的风格设计它，并挑选了贵重的珠宝装饰它。人们高度赞赏它那蜂蜜般的奇特颜色，还有上面绘制的绘画。这个花瓶曾经属于一座从前的城堡，但在战争期间，敌人的军队炸毁了城堡，于是关于这个花瓶是如何幸存下来的争论就一直在持续着。为了解开人们的疑问，一个由不少于20人的调查队开展了一次非正式的调查。他们找到的证据表明，有个女仆把花瓶拆开，然后让一名水手把它沉到当地的一个水井里。她从来没有泄露这个秘密，即使是在搜寻财宝的敌人残酷的审讯下。这位女仆真是值得给予一大笔钱作为对她的回报。1．valuable(adj.)贵重的；有价值的→value(n.&vt.)价值；重视→invaluable(adj.)无法估计的；极宝贵的2．select(v.)挑选；选择→selection(n.)选择；选拔3．decorate(v.)装饰；布置→decoration(n.)装饰品；装饰4．reception(n.)接待；招待会；接收→receive(vt.)接受；接待；招待→receiver(n.)()听筒/受话器5．remove(vt.)移动；搬开→removal(n.)移走；除去6．wooden(adj.)木制的→wood(n.)木头7．former(adj.)以前的；从前的→latter(反义词)(adj.)后者的；后面的8．evidence(n.)根据；证据→evident(adj.)明显的；清楚的9．explode(vi.&vt.)爆炸→explosion(n.)爆炸10．informal(adj.)非正式的→formal(反义词)(adj.)正式的11．serveas充当；起作用12．add...to...把……加到……上13．bythelightof借助……的光线14．ratherthan而不是；与其……倒不如重点知识分钟survivevt.比……活得长；幸免于；从(困境等中)挺过来vi.幸免；幸存；生还(P1)单句语法填空①Hediedin1940,buthiswifesurvivedhimanother20years.②Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveyoursmallsalary.③Theplanecrashedinanareaofdensejungle.Therewereno(survive)．④Hisonlychanceof(survive)wasahearttransport.答案：①by②on③survivors④survival(1)Asurvive(s)Bby(＋时间)A比B多活……survivesth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来surviveon依靠……生存下来survivefrom从……存活下来/流传下来(2)survivorn.幸存者survivaln.[U]幸存[C]残存物；幸存事物[名师点津]survive当表示“幸存；幸免于”时，不需要加in或from。amazingadj.令人吃惊的(P1)一句多译让他感到吃惊的是，他的惊人的成就没有使我们大为惊讶。①，wewerenotathisachievements.②wasthatwewerenotathisachievements.答案：①Tohisamazement;amazed;amazing②Whatamazedhim/Whatmadehimamazed;amazed;amazing(1)amazedadj.吃惊的beamazedat对……感到吃惊(2)amazementn.惊奇toone'samazement令某人吃惊的是(3)amazevt.使惊讶designvt.设计；计划；构思n.设计；图案；构思(P1)单句语法填空①Theypumpoutperfumes(design)toattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.②Themethodisspecificallydesigneduseinsmallgroups.③Shearrivedjustaswewereleaving,butwhetherthiswasbyaccidentordesignI'mnotsure.④Hewantstobeeafashion(design)whenhegrowsup.答案：①designed②for③by④designer(1)bedesignedfor...为……而设计bedesignedtodo目的是做……；被设计用于做……(2)bydesign＝onpurpose故意地；蓄意地(3)designern.设计师fancyadj.奇特的；异样的vt.想象；设想；爱好n.空想；幻想；爱好(P1)(1)单句语法填空Ican'tfancy(disturb)bysuchtextmessagesalltheday.答案：beingdisturbed(2)单句写作①她仔细查看旅馆广告，直到有一家符合她的心意。Shelookedthroughthehoteladvertisementsuntiloneofthem.②令我甚为惊讶的是，一个外国男孩爱上了中国相声。Muchtomysurprise,aforeignboyChineseCrossTalk.答案：①caught/tookherfancy②takesafancyto(1)fancy...tobe/as...认为……是……fancydoingsth.想要做某事(2)catch/takesb.'sfancy合某人的心意；吸引某人takeafancytosb./sth.喜欢上/爱上某人/物worthn.价值；作用prep.值得的；相当于……的价值(P2)一句多译既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日值得你体验。①SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis.(worth)②NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis.(worthy)③OnaccountofyourinterestintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalis.(worthy)④BecauseofyourinterestintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkitisthisfestival.(worthwhile)答案：①worthexperiencing②worthytobeexperienced③worthyofbeingexperienced④worthwhileexperiencing/toexperience(1)be(well)worthdoing...……(非常)值得做beworththemoney/aneffort/atry值得花钱/努力/一试beworthit值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)(2)worthyadj.值得的eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(beworthy\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(＋ofbeingdone值得做……,＋of＋n.＝beworth＋n.值得……)),beworthytobedone值得做……))(3)worthwhileadj.有价值的Itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做某事[名师点津]worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。insearchof寻找(P1)(1)单句语法填空①Isearchedthewholeroomthelostkey,butinvain.②Ifleftaloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchwarmshelter.③Afteralongsearchthemurderweapon,thepolicefoundaknife.答案：①for②for③for(2)一句多译救援人员徒手移开砖块和石头，搜寻地震中的幸存者。①Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsanysurvivorintheearthquake.(searchn．)②Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsanysurvivorintheearthquake.(searchn．)③Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsanysurvivorintheearthquake.(searchv．)答案：①insearchof②intheirsearchfor③tosearchfor(1)searchsth./sb.搜查某物/搜某人的身searchfor＝lookfor寻找search...for...为找到……而搜查……(2)insearchof寻找，搜寻[名师点津]insearchof在句中常作表语或目的状语。名词search前不加限定词；若search前加a/the/one's等限定词时，of一般换成for。search作动词用时，search的宾语是指搜查的范围，可以是人、物或地点；而搜寻要找的人或物时，要加介词for。belongto属于(P2)(1)单句语法填空①NothingcanchangethefactthattheDiaoyuIslandsbelongChina.②Asisknowntous,Chinaisacountry(belong)totheThirdWorld.③Havingsoldmostofhis(belong),healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.答案：①to②belonging③belongings(2)句型转换Atigerisalargefierceanimalbelongingtothecatfamily.→Atigerisalargefierceanimalthecatfamily.答案：which/thatbelongstoasense/feelingofbelonging归属感belongingsn.所有物；财产[名师点津](1)belongto中to为介词，后接名词或代词。(2)belongto无被动语态，不用进行时。作后置定语时，常用现在分词，有类似用法的短语还包括：datebackto/datefrom(追溯到)，consistof(由……组成)等inreturn作为回报(P2)用return和turn相关短语的适当形式填空①，shereceivedasenseofsatisfactionandachievement.②Hespendstoomuchtimeonmaths,andthisaffectstheprogressofhisothersubjects.③Itisourresponsibilitytotakecareofoursickmother.④Igavehimmyfavouritebookhistimelyhelp.答案：①Inreturn②inturn③byturns④inreturnfor(1)inreturnfor...作为对……的回报returnlikeforlike以牙还牙(2)inturn依次；相应地；转而byturns轮流地；交替地FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.(P1)单句写作①他本可以在大城市有一份高薪工作，但是他喜欢在宁静的村子里教书。Heajobwithahigherpayinbigcities,buthelikedteachinginthepeacefulvillage.②从他的评论来看，他不可能去过清明上河园。Judgingfromhisremarks,hetheMillenniumCityPark.③在来新学校前我本没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我很友好。IbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.④——去年夏天我在伦敦待了两周。——那么在此期间你一定参观过大英博物馆了，是吗？—IspenttwoweeksinLondonlastsummer.—ThenyoutheBritishMuseumduringyourstay,didn'tyou?答案：①couldhavegot②couldn'thavevisited③needn'thaveworried④musthavevisited在句中couldhavedonesth.表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能做过某事”。该结构还表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“本来能够去做某事却没有做”。有类似用法的结构还有：(1)couldn't/can'thavedone对过去情况的否定推测，表示“不可能做了某事”。(2)musthavedone对过去情况的肯定推测，表示“肯定做了某事”。(3)may/mighthavedone对过去情况的推测，表示“可能做了某事”。(4)needn'thavedone(过去)本不必做某事(实际做了)。(5)should/shouldn'thavedone(过去)本应/本不应做某事(实际未做/做了)。ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKönigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.(P2)单句语法填空①Thereisnodoubtoureducationalsystemleavestoomuchtobeimproved.②Thereissomedoubtheissuitableforthejob.③Youcanplain,butIdoubtitwillmakeanydifference.答案：①that②whether③if/whetherThereisnodoubtthat...为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that后面的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。[名师点津](1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。(2)动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if或whether引导的宾语从句；在否定和疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.(P5)单句写作①从教师的观点来看，应该由孩子来决定读什么和怎么读。Fromtheteacher'spointofview,childrenshouldbelefttodecide.②何时何地去郊游还没有决定。hasn'tbeendecided.③当今，有各种各样的词典可供英语学习者选择。Today'sEnglishlearnershaveawidechoiceofdictionaries.答案：①whattoreadandhowtoread②Whenandwheretogoonanouting③fromwhichtochoose“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。(1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动形式而不能用被动形式。(2)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。[名师点津]疑问代词(who,which除外)后面须跟及物动词；若是不及物动词，后面须跟相应的介词。疑问副词后可以接不及物动词；若接及物动词，动词不定式须有自己的宾语。课文语法填空分钟TheAmberRoombelongedtooneofthe1(wonder)oftheworld.Originally2(design)forthepalaceofFrederickⅠ，ittookthecountry'sbestartistsabouttenyearstofinishit.Everyonethought3(high)ofitsstyleanddesign.Severaltonsofamberaswellasgoldandjewels4(use)tomakeit,sonowonderitwasworthalotofmoney.Butlater,thenextkingdecidedtogiveitasagifttotheRussianEmperor,whogavePrussiaatroopoftheirbestsoldiers5return.6(fortunate),duringtheSecondWorldWar,theNaziGermanywasalsoatwarwithRussia.In1941,Germanyinvaded(入侵)Russiabysurprise,andtheRussianshadnotime7(remove)anythingfromtheAmberRoomexceptsomesmallobjects.WhentheNazissawtheAmberRoom,therewasnodoubt8theylikeditsomuchthattheytookitapartandputitonatraintoGermany.Sincethen,thewholeworld9(be)insearchoftheAmberRoom.Nooneknowswhathappenedtoitand10itstillsurvivesnow.Maybeitwillremainamysteryforever.1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.wonders2.designed3.highly4.wereused5.in6.Unfortunately7.toremove8.that9.hasbeen10.whether/if▲ittakes/tooksb.＋时间＋todosth.“做某事花了某人多长时间”▲high既可以作形容词也可作副词，highly只可作副词。它们用作副词时的区别是：high表示具体的“高”；而highly表示抽象的“高”。类似用法的还有deep与deeply；wide与widely等。▲AaswellasB作主语时，谓语动词应与A看齐，即“就远原则”。▲表示“如此……以至于……”，可用以下两种方式：so＋adj./adv.＋that从句such＋n.＋that从句随堂检测分钟Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thelittleproblemswemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.答案：that2．Myeldestson,worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.答案：whose3．Itwasclearly(evidence)thatthepanywasingreatdifficulties.答案：evident4．Perhapsthebiggestchallengeishow(survive)withoutfriendsinlife.答案：tosurvive5．Idon'treallyfancy(do)businesswithhim.答案：doing6．Hewasseverelycriticizedand(remove)fromhispost.答案：removed7．We(face)thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn'tyoutellme?答案：couldhavefaced8．Alltheworkers(belong)tothefactorymustobeytherule.答案：belonging9．She(search)invainforherpassport.答案：searched10．The(form)optionwouldbemuchmoresensible.答案：formerⅡ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．众所周知，文化遗产属于全人类而不是个人。(belongto;ratherthan)答案：It'swell­knownthatculturalrelicsbelongtothehumanbeingratherthanindividuals.2．有些人想方设法寻找它们，并非法占有它们。(searchfor)答案：Somepeopletrytheirbest/takegreatpainstosearchforthemandtakepossessionofthemillegally.3．其中一些文化遗产已遭破坏，只有少数幸免于难。(survive)答案：Someoftheculturalrelicshavebeendamagedwhileonlyafewsurvive.4．我们每一个人都应尽最大努力避免它们遭到破坏。(makeefforts)答案：Everyoneofusshouldmakeeffortstoprotectthemfrombei