牛津译林版（2019）选修第一册Unit 1 Our living planet知识清单学案

选修一Unit1知识清单重要单词讲解evolvevi.&vt.进化，演化；（使）逐渐形成，逐步发展，逐渐演变evolvefrom从……进化/演化而来evolveinto逐步发展成为……evolutionn.进化；演变，发展，渐进[u]Thecompanyhasevolvedintoamajorchemicalmanufacturer.这家公司已逐步发展成为一家大型的化工厂。2.capturevt.俘获，捕获；用武力夺取，攻取；夺得，赢得；引起，吸引n.（被）捕获，（被）俘获captureone’sattention/interest/imagination引起某人的注意/兴趣/想象captureone’sheart赢得某人的好感/爱意Governmenttroopshavesucceededincapturingtherebelleader.意为：俘获NanjingwascapturedbytheJapanesetroopsin1937.意为：攻取3.scarceadj.缺乏的，稀少的scarcelyadv.勉强，刚；几乎不，简直不scarcelyhadsbdonewhensbdid刚一……就……他刚放下电话，门铃就响了。Hehadscarcelylaiddownhisphonewhenthedoorbellrang.Scarcelyhadhelaiddownhisphonewhenthedoorbellrang.awaitvt.即将发生在，降临到某人头上；等候，等待awaitsb=waitforsb.等候某人Awarmwelcomeawaitsallourguests.我们的客人都将受到热烈的欢迎。5.leapn.跳跃，跳高；骤变，激增vt.&vi.跳，跳跃；猛冲，突然做（某事）；骤增，猛涨(leapt-leapt）aleapyear闰年Lookbeforeyouleap三思而后行Theyleapttotheirfeet.他们立即站了起来。Thepriceleaptfrom...to...价格猛涨...6.spinvi.&vt.（使）快速旋转；（使）急转身，急转弯；纺线，纺纱(spun-spun)n.高速旋转[c/u]Myheadisspinning.我觉得天旋地转。7.laydown积存；规定，制定；放下，停止使用；1)Itislaiddownthatallcandidatesmustsubmitthreecopiesoftheirdissertation.据规定2)Ifyoueattoomuch,thesurplus（营养过剩)）islaiddownasfat.积存3)Shelaidthebookdownonthetable.放下8.crackvt./vi.砸开，砸碎；破裂，裂开；猛击；（使）发出爆裂声n.裂缝，缝隙；爆裂声crackanut把坚果砸开Hisfacecrackedintoasmile.他的脸绽出笑容。9.closeup（使）变狭窄；（使）靠拢，靠紧；（尤指临时）关门停业，锁上门（伤口）愈合；避而不谈（思想感情）1)Everytimehetriedtospeak,histhroatclosedupwithfear.意为：变狭窄2)Trafficwasheavyandcarswereclosingupbehindeachother.意为：靠拢，靠紧3)Whydon’twecloseupandgooutforlunch?意为：关门停业，锁上门4)SheclosedupwhenIaskedaboutherfamily.意为：避而不谈（思想感情）5)Thesoldier’swoundisclosetoclosingup.意为：（伤口）愈合6)Theentrancetothetrainstationwasclosedupfollowingtheexplosion.爆炸发生后随即封锁了火车站入口。10.thrivevi.茁壮成长，蓬勃发展thrivingadj.欣欣向荣的，兴旺发达的重要短语theunknown 未知的人或物remainunshakeable/tobeexplored 保持不动摇/有待被探索beneaththewaves 在海洋之下spotameal（spotted） 发现食物inequal/some/fullmeasure 在同等程度上/在某种程度上/在最大限度上rely/dependsolelyon 仅仅依靠avoidbeingcaught 避免被抓住increasethechanceofreproduction 增加繁殖的几率evolvefascinatingsurvivalcharacteristics 进化了神奇的生存特征itwasthoughtthat 有人认为itiswidelyacceptedthat 普遍认为itisestimatedthat 据估计itislaiddownthat 据规定farfromboring 远不无聊befascinatedby 对...着迷adapt(oneself)to 适应withsomuchoftheoceanslefttotoexplore 有如此多的海洋有待去探索sparenoeffortin/todosth 不遗余力做某事pavethewayfor 为...铺平道路obtainnewinsightsintosth 获得对...的新理解 bereplacedwiththerevisedexpression 被修改后的表达所取代orbitthesun 绕太阳轨道运行spinarounditsaxis 围绕它的轴运转 comeabout 发生ariseoutof/from 由...引起withregardto 关于toputitsimply 简单地说impacton/affect/influence 对...有影响atthequickestrate 以...最快的速度asyet 直到现在theintensepressureandheat 高压、高温cast/throw/shedlighton 使...较为容易理解...lookatexcitingpossibilities 研究令人兴奋的可能性leadtoenlighteningdiscoveries 带来启发人心的的发现重要句型1.Alsolivinginthetwilightzone___________(be)hunterswithtelescopic,upward-pointingeyesthatcaneasilyspotamealinthewatersabove.__________(arise)outofthechanginglengthofadayisthequestionhowthismightaffecthumanbeings.OfthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundherearerockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,some__________(reach)aheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.Evolution,itseems,helpsboththehunterandthehunted____________equalmeasure!Withover95%ofitscorecomponents______________(produce)solelybyChina,ithaspavedthewayfordeeperandbroaderunderseaexplorationinthefuture.Knowingthatlifecanexistintheseextremeconditionshaschangedscientificopinionaboutthechancesofthere____________(be)lifeelsewhereintheuniverse.Inrecentyears,____________hasbeenwidelyacceptedthathumanactivityisnowimpactingontheworld'sclimate.Undertheoceansliesthe____________(hide)evidenceforthechanginglengthsofdaysandyears.Seldomdowedoubt（that）adayis24hourslongand________ayearconsistsof365days.____________(Base)onallthisevidence,notonly_______