郑州市高三英语第一次质量检测试卷

20192020学年郑州市高三英语第一次质量检测卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALookingforwork?TutorsWanted:Mall/Science/Humanities+TestPreparationJobPosted:2daysagoWage:$2730perhourJobType:PartlimeSchedule:Afternoons,evenings,weekdays,weekendsJobdescription:We'relookingfortutorslojoinusbeforethenextschoolyearstarts.OursuitablecandidatewillbeabletoassistmiddleandhighschoolstudentswithtestpreparationandacademicworkinMath,Scienceand/orHumanities.We'llpayforyourtrainingbeforethisfallandcanalsoofferflexiblesummertutoringchances,includingteachinggroupclasses.OnceourfallsemesterstartsonAugust21,we'llhaveevenhigherdemandfortutoringsessionsonSundaysfrom1p.m.to8p.m.aswellasfrom3p.m.to9p.m.fromMondaytoThursday.Whatweoffer:＊Flexiblescheduling.Tutorsworkfrom15to30hoursperweekdependingonavailabilityandstudents'demand.＊FreeSundaydinnersduringtheacademicyear.＊Funstaffgatherings.＊Healthinsurancereimbursement(报销）forstaffworkingover30hoursperweek.＊Weare5minutes'walkingdistancefromtheMenloParkStation.Applicantsmust:＊Haveagoodmandofthesubjectswhichtheytutorstudentsin.＊Bewillingtotutorstudentsthroughthefullacademicyear.Applicationinstructions:＊Emailusyourresume(简历）。＊TelluswhyyouwanttojoinAcademicTrainersanddescribeyourexperienceoftutoringstudentsifyouhaveany.＊Letusknowyourschedulingpreferenceandpotentialstartdate.＊TelluswhichofthesubjectsyouareabletotutorstudentsinMath,Scienceand/orHumanities.21.Whichperiodoftimeneedsthemosttutorsduringtheacademicyear?A.SaturdayandSundaymornings.B.Fridayafternoonsandevenings.C.MondayandThursdaymornings.D.Sundayafternoonsandevenings.22.Whatcanatutorenjoywhoworksmorethan30hoursperweek?A.fortableacmodation.B.Freejobtrainingeverymonth.C.Healthinsurancereimbursement.D.Freemealsduringtheacademicyear.23.Whatqualificationshouldasuitablecandidatehave?A.He/Shemusttutorstudentsinallthesubjectsparttime.B.He/Shemustbegoodatthesubjectswhichtheytutorstudentsin.C.He/Shemusthaveaprevioustutoringexperience.D.He/Shemustworkeveryeveningthroughtheacademicyear.BIftherewasasubjectatschoolthatmademeanxious,itwasscience.Maybethat'sbecauseinmytenthgrade,Icouldn'tunderstandmyphysicsteacher'sinstructions,causingmetoaccidentallysetfiretotheclassroom.So,whenmyhusbandanddecidedtohomeschoolourdaughters,wemadeadeal:hewouldteachscience,whileIwouldhandleeverythingelse.Butthat'snothowthingshavebeengoingthesepastfewweeks,sincemyhusbandhasbeentoobusytoteachthegirls.Recently,whileoutonmymorninghikebeforestartingJessons,Inoticedthattheskywasabeautifulblue,andtheairwasfilledwiththesweetsmellofflowers.That'swhyIdecidedthattheday'slessonswouldbetaughtoutside,'althoughIrememberedthatmydaughtershadn'thadanyscienceclassesfrommyhusbandforawhile.Ireturnedtothehousetogetthegirlsready.Weheadedupintotheforest,settlingourselvesbyapondthatrarelyhasanyvisitors.MydaughterSaoirsestartedtopickuppondweedandcatchfrogs,whilemyotherdaughterUlalookedatme,waitingtobeinstructed.Ihandedheradrawingboardandcoloredpencils."Wewait,"Itoldher,"andseeifsomethingesalong.Inthemeantime,justdrawwhat'saroundyou."Weworkedformorethananhour,hardlyspeaking.Abirdflewacrossthewater,andthensettledinfrontofafallentree.IquicklytoldUla,worryingthatshe'dnotseenthecreature.Butshehad,andshestarteddrawingit.Anhourlater,shefinishedherpictureandIstareddownatit.Shedrewthebirdonherpaperwithamazingaccuracy.Buttherewasoneotherinterestingfactaboutthisdrawing:shealsodrewme,sittingbesideher.Irealized,asIstaredatthischild'sdrawingofuswatchingabird,howI'dlivedfor40years,received10yearsofhighereducation,andneverunderstoodthefoundationofsciencebeforethismoment.Thefoundationofscienceisasenseofwonder;itisn'taboutaccuratelyrecitingwordsfromatextbook.Itisfirstandforemostaboutsteppingoutsideourbusylivesandbeingamazedattheworldaroundus.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutsciencewheninschool?A.Shewasnervousaboutit.B.Shewasfondofit.C.Shewasconfusedaboutit.D.Shewaseagerforit.25.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4refersto"A.thefallentreeB.theforestC.thebirdD.thepicture26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesUla?A.She'sveryoutgoing.B.She'sgoodatobserving.C.She'sveryhardworking.D.Shesharesinterestswithhersister.27.Whatisthefoundationofscienceintheauthor'sopinion?A.Attentiontoaccuracy.B.Curiosityabouttheoutsideworld.C.Determinationtofindoutthetruth.D.Theabilitytounderstandteachers'instructions.CSomethingstrangehasbeenhappeningtomelately:WomeninthestreethavebeentellingmeI’mbrave.Myactofcourageisn'tmuchIjuststoppedcoloringmyhair.IhadbrownhairthatstartedgoinggraywhenIwas30.So,likealotofwomen,Istarteddyeing(染）it.Itwasexpensiveandtimeconsuming.Andmyhairgrowsfast,soIneededtogobacktothehairsalon(美发厅）every5weeks.Manypeopleseemtoenjoyholdingontotheiryouthforaslongaspossible,givingotherstheimpressionthattheydon'thavemuchwisdomormanyacplishments.Butourhairstartstoturngrayandsuddenlywestartspending$500ormoreayeartocoversomethingourmalecolleaguesdon'tneedtocover.Ofcourse,peopleshoulddowhattheywanttodowiththeirownbodymymotheris91andstillhas"blonde"hair,andwhynot?IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitisOKtobeourselves,becausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney.Ilikemynaturalhair,justasitis.Ilikehowithasgotcurlyagain.Itisrecoveringafteryearsofbeingdamagedbychemicals.Ialsolikethatithasgivenmesomeneededattitudeinasocietythatmakesyouthseemsoimportant,whilebeingagainstmaturity.ItremindsmethatI'mnotakidanymoreandthisisn'tabadthing.NotbeingakidanymoremeansIreadthebooksIwant,andnotthebooksIfeelIshouldread.ItmeansnotwastingmytimeateventsIdon'tneedtoattendwhenI'dratherbewithmyfamilyandfriends.WhenIseemyhairinthemirror,it'sareminderthatmytimeislimited,andIshouldspenditdoingwhatmatters.There'snothingshamefulaboutgrowingolder.Andpretendingit'snothappeningisawayofgivingupourpower.Iseemygrayhairasalittleactofrebellion(反叛）againsttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage,insteadofgainingit.Iseegrayhairasmy"flag"andI'mlettingitflyproudly.28.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutcoloringhair?A.Itshowspeople'sgreatcourage.B.Itisagoodwaytoholdontoyouth.C.Itshowswisdomandacplishments.D.Itcostsmuchmoneyandittakesmuchtimetodothat.29.Whatshouldwedowhenwegrowoldaccordingtotheauthor?A.Giveupourpower.B.Pretendtobestillyoung.C.Acceptitandactpositively.D.Readasmanybooksaspossible.30.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplainwhyyouthisvalued.B.Toshareheropinionongrowingolder.C.Tostresstheimportanceofdifferentatlitudes.D.Toanalyzetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofaging.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HoldingontoYouthoB.DyeingYourHairC.GainingValuewithAgeD.ValuingWisdomofAgeDAIDSmaybeoneofthemostundesirablediseasesintheworld.Luckily,thereisnowhopeforAIDSpatients.AccordingtoarecentpaperpublishedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,ChinesescientistshavesuccessfullyusedCRISPRtechnologyamethodofgeneeditingtotreatapatientwithHIV.Whileitmaynothavecuredthepatient,itstillrepresentsahugestepforwardinfightingthedisease.Thepatientwasa27yearoldChinesemanwhowasdiagnosedwithbothAIDSandacutelymphoblasticleukemia,atypeofbloodcancer.Despitehisbleaksituation,doctorsofferedhimalittlehope:abonemarrow(骨髓）transplanttotreathiscancerandanexperimentaltreatmentforhisHIV.TheyusedthischancetoedittheDNAinbonemarrowstemcells(干细胞）fromadonorbeforetransplantingthecellsintothepatient.Specifically,thetreatmentinvolvedusingthegeneeditingtoolCRISPRCas9todeleteageneknownasCCR5,whichencodesaproteinthatHIVusestogetinsidehumancells.Withoutthegene,HIVisunabletoentercells.Talkingaboutthegene,leadscientistDengHongkuitoldCNN,"Afterbeingedited,thecellsandthebloodcellstheyproducehavetheabilitytoresistHIVinfection."Nineteenmonthsafterthetreatment,thepatient'sleukemiawasinpleteremission(缓解）anddonorcellswithoutCCR5remained,accordingtotheresearchpaper.Thoughthetransplantdidn'tcuretheman'sHIV,itstillshowedtheeffectivenessofgeneeditingtechnology,astherewasnoindicationofanyunintendedgeneticchangesamajorconcernwithpastgeneeditingtreatmentexperiments.AmeshAdalja,aseniorscholarattheJohnsHopkinsCenterforHealthSecurityintheUnitedStates,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,praisedthetreatment."Theydidaverycreativeexperiment,anditwassafe,"hetoldLiveScience."Itshouldbeviewedasasuccess."Dengbelievesgeneeditingtechnologycould"bringanewdawn"tobloodrelateddiseasessuchasAIDSandsicklecellanaemia."Thankstothisnewtechnology,thegoalofafunctionalcureforAIDSisgettingcloserandcloser,"hesaid.32.Theunderlinedword"bleak"inParagraph3probablymeans"A.Hopeless B.unstable C.embarrassing D.unique33.HowdidthetreatmentfightagainstHIV?A.ByidentifyingandkillingHIV.B.BychangingthestructureofHIV.C.BypreventingHIVenteringcells.D.ByremovingaproteinHIVfeedson.34.Whatistheresultofthetreatment?A.GeneeditedcellsareabletoresistHIVinfection.B.ThenumberofcellsinfectedwithHIVhasdecreased.C.CCR5andothergenesinthepatient'scellsarechanged.D.Unintendedgeneticchangeshavetakenplaceinthepatient'scells.35.Whatcanweknowabouttheexperiment?A.Itpointedouttheproblemsofgenetreatment.B.ltprovidedanewwaytocureAIDSpatients.C.Itcouldofferasafetreatmentforbloodrelateddiseases.D.ItwasthefirstexampletousethegeneeditingtooltotreatAIDS.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Arepeoplelessormorehappywhentheygetolder?Astudyin2018foundthatpeoplegenerallybeehappierandexperiencelessworryafterage50.Infact,itfoundthatbytheageof85,peoplearehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerethehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.36Happinesswasthehighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearly70s.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswerethoseintheir70sand80s.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhavesimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrowolder.37Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwellbeingrelatedtoage.38Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybeemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.39Inanotherstudy,peopleintheir80sreportedthefewestproblemswiththequalityoftheirsleep.Theoriginalgoalwastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.40Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedastheygotolder.A.Sowhywillhappinessincreasewithage?B.Researcherssurveyedmorethan150,000Americanadults.C.Atthattime,thepeoplewerebetweentheagesof18and85.D.Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheir50g.E.Happinessisnottheonlythingthatapparentlyimproveswithage.F.Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.G.However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmen.语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）（20192020学年郑州市一模试卷）第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fiveyearsago,Itookacareerriskbyleavingmyjobtoworkonaship.Mymedicalfriendsdidtheirbesttopersuademe,sayingthatrunningawaytoseawould41mycareer.Butaftertheseyearsworkingasajuniordoctor,Iwaswillingtotaketherisk.42foradventure,IboardedashipinSingaporewith2,000passengersandcrew.Tomy43,thehospitalwaswellequipped,withanXraymachineandabloodanalyser.Thatfirstvoyagewasalearningexperience,a44schedulefullofsafetydrills.Therewassomuchnewinformationto45.Evenrememberingwhichuniformtoweareachdaywasa46.Mostconfused,Ioftenforgotto47myclockwhentheshipcrossedtimezones.Asadoctor,Iwas48forthe600crew,andIwasoncallfortheentireship.Farfrom49seasicknessandsunburn,Ihadtodealwithotherdiseases,forIhavedifferentkindsofpatients.Theship'smedicalcenterwas50afloatingemergencyroom,andwedidn'thaveateamofspecialistsonhandforasecondWithlongandunpredictablehours,it51requiredmental52.Asyoucanguess,manyofthepassengerswereelderly.Heartattacksdon't53geographyandemergencyevacuations（疏散）weredifficulttoarrange.IcouldrememberonesuchCanal.Aftera54rideinanoldambulance,Iwasrelievedthatthepatient55longenoughtoarriveatthehospitalinPanamaCity.56,therewereseveralunexpectedbenefitsofthejob.Iregularly57thepassengerfacilities(设施）.Onraredaysoff,I58asatourguideontripsashore.IgottoflyoverAlaskainaseaplaneandwatchedaballetinStPetersburg.Now,Iunderstandbeingashipdoctorisnotajobit'sawayof59.Oneyearatseabecametwo.Ilostmycareerambitions,60Iredefinedhappinessinmylife.41.A.block B.build C.ruin D.improve42.A.Hungry B.Skilful C.Suitable D.Concerned43.A.shock B.disappointment C.excitement D.relief44.A.daily B.tight C.strict D.flexible45.A.takein B.figureout C.searchfor D.pickover46.A.living B.risk C.challenge D.choice47.A.watch B.repair C.check D.set48.A.powerful B.responsible C.hopeful D.helpful49.A.treating B.suffering C.escaping D.stopping50.A.exactly B.particularly C.certainly D.actually51.A.examination B.consideration C.opinion D.discussion52.A.fort B.munication C.toughness D.pressure53.A.careabout B.referto C.botherwith D.relyon54.A.relaxing B.boring C.promising D.terrifying55.A.survived B.struggled C.awoke D.stuck56.A.Steadily B.Thankfully C.Importantly D.Generally57.A.cleaned B.fixed C.enjoyed D.protected58.A,returned B.travelled C.performed D.volunteered59.A.confidence B.life C.experience D.success60.A.though B.unless C.but D.or第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyou'veeverriddenpublictransport,you'veprobablyheardsnores(打鼾声）andfoundsomeonesleepingintheseatacrossfromyou.Thenaturalvibration(震动）ofbusesandsubways61（make)usfeelsleepy,accordingtoanewstudyinScienceAlert.Why?It'sallaboutsensoryinputinformationgoingtoyourbrain.Onabus,yoursensesgiveyou62（continue)andrepeatinginformation.Forexample,theairconditionerandtheenginecreateconstantnoise.Meanwhile,you'resittingstillandyour63（surrounding)don'tchange.Thevibrationsoftheenginearealsoongoing.Yourbrainhasalmostnonewinformationtoprocess.Repeatinginformationwillbe64（ignore)eventuallyandyourbrainwillenteralowenergystate.Thefactthatyoufallasleepquicklywithyoureyes65（close)onabusisbecauseyourbraingetsusedtoalltherepeatinginformation.＂Whenyou'retired,itdoesn'ttakemuchtime66（start)noddingoff.And