2023北京朝阳高三一模英语（教师版）

2023北京朝阳高三一模英语2023.3（考试时间90分钟满分100分）本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IgraspedasandwichasItriedtofinishmyworkduringlunch.Mycompany,likemanycompanies,had1costsbynotreplacingpeopleastheyleft.Thesurvivorshadtotakeupthework.Formeandmyco-workers,thismeantnolunchhour.Iwantedtoquit,butgiventheeconomy,itwashardtofindanotherjob.Ifelt2.Thenaconversationwithasix-year-oldgirlchangedmy3.Theyounggirlwasstandinginlinewithhermomatthesupermarket.“Gooddayatschool?”Iasked.Anod.“What'syourfavoritesubject?”“Lunch.”Ismiled.Thathadbeenmy4too.Atlunch,Icouldtalkwithmyfriends,drawpicturesorplaygames.Therewerenoadultstotellmewhattodo.Thetimewasmine.Butwhathappenedtolunchtimenow?IknewIwasentitledtoalunchbreakatwork.SoIdecidedto5it.OurofficewaslocatedinthedowntownandIsetoutto6thearea.Afewblocksawaywasanartmuseumwithfreeadmission.Attheendofanotherstreet,Iwassurprisedtodiscoversomehorseseatinggrassinafield.Atthebeginningofmytoursduringlunch,Ireceivedsome7staresfrommyco-workers,butIchosetoignorethem.Infact,Iwatchedinamazementthatsomeofthemstartedto8theirworkduringlunch.9,westartedinvitingeachotheroutforwalksanddiscoveredwehadothertopicsofconversationbeyondthecommoncomplaintsaboutwork.I'mstilllookingforanewposition,butwithlessanxietythanbefore.Ifwecan'tchangeour10,wecanchangeourattitude.1. A.counted B.cut C.paid D.raised2. A.trapped B.fearful C.shocked D.hurt3. A.work B.way C.view D.plan4. A.decision B.explanation C.secret D.answer5. A.take B.make C.find D.stop6. A.explore B.measure C.develop D.identify7. A.innocent B.determined C.sympathetic D.unpleasant8. A.carryon B.takeover C.putaside D.gothrough9. A.Generally B.Gradually C.Accidentally D.Obviously10. A.strategies B.circumstances C.responsibilities D.principles第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AMysonZacksufferedfromautism（自闭症）whenhewastwo.Watchingamovietogetherwasanimportantroutineforus.Onanordinaryspringday,wewereenjoyingoneofhisfavoritemoviesthathe11（see）manytimesbefore.Itookhishandasusual.Suddenlyhestoodupandwrappedhisarmsaroundmeinabigbearhug.Youcouldimagine12excitedIwas.Althoughitwasjustahug,itmeantalottome,13（fill）mewithgreatjoy.BThisyear,the13thSpringFestivalJointExhibitionofChineseBooks,14themewas“ReadingChina”,washeldonJanuary24thin85bookstoresworldwide.It15（carry）outavarietyofactivitiessuchasbookexhibitionsandculturalperformances.Booksdisplayedintheexhibitionwerephilosophicalandartistic,whichcloselymettheneedsofoverseasreaders.Overall,thisyear'sbookexhibitionpresentedthenewestand16（fine）ChinesepublicationstolocalreaderssothattheycouldbetterunderstandChinainthenewera.CChatGPTisanewartificialintelligencetechnology17（create）byOpenAI.Itenablesmachinestounderstandandrespondtohumanconversationsina18（nature）andconversationalway.ChatGPThasshakenthetechworldsinceitwasopenedforpublicuselastyear.Whileitcertainlycomesacrossasknowledgeable,it'sfar19perfect.Itcannotanswerquestionsaboutthingsthathavehappenedrecentlybecauseit_20（train）usingdatafrom2021andbefore.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheEconomicandSocialCouncil（ECOSOC）YouthForumisanannualinitiativeofthePresidentoftheCouncil.IthasdevelopedintoakeyplatformwhereyoungpeoplecancontributetopolicydiscussionsattheUnitedNations（UN）.Thisyear'sYouthForumwilltakeplacefrom25to27April,2023.·ObjectivesTheForumaimstoengageyoungpeopleinadialoguewithMemberStates,policymakersandotheractorstovoicetheirviewsandinspireactionsonhowtotransformtheworldintoabetterplaceguidedbytheSustainableDevelopmentGoals（SDGs）.ParticipantswillalsohavetheopportunitytocontributetothepreparatoryprocessoftheSDGSummit.The2023ForumwilladdressthethemeonspeedinguptherecoveryfromtheCOVID-19andthefullimplementation（实施）ofthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment．Itwillalsoreviewprogressintheareasofaffordableandcleanenergy,andsustainablecitiesandcommunities,ete.·FormatThethree-dayeventwillfeatureplenary（全体出席的）sessionsandregionallybaseddiscussions,withthelastdaydesignedforthepreparationofthe2023SDGSummit.Talentedyouthspeakerswilldelivershortpresentationsinbetweensessions.ParticipationintheForumisbyinvitationonly.TheyouthparticipantsareselectedbyNationalYouthCouncils,regionalyouthorganizations,etc.Theeventwillbeheldinamixedwayallowingforopportunitiesforin-personandvirtualparticipation.Participantswillalsobeabletoaskquestionsviasocialmedia.·Thevoicesfromlastyear'sparticipants2022ForumParticipants’'Takeaway!"TheYouthForumgavemetheopportunitytodiscovertheskillsrequiredtomasterpublicspeaking.Thetimemanagementischallengingbutwefinishedalltasksevenwithatightschedule.”2022ForumParticipants'Advice!“Usingsourcestheteamprovideswillincreasetheefficiencyandeffectivenessofcompletingtasks.Ialsostronglyadvisethemtobeopentohearingeveryone'sdifferentopinionsfromanobjectivepointofview.”21.TheECOSOCYouthForum2023will_.A.discusstheglobalrecoveryissueB.selecttheyouthleadersfortheUNC.setgoalsforsustainabledevelopmentD.gatheryoungpeopletobuildaplatform22.Accordingtothepassage,theyoungparticipantscan_____.A.registertojoinintheForumpersonallyB.givebriefspeechesinplenarysessionsC.takepartintheeventonlineandofflineD.attendtheSDGSummitaftertheForum23.Whatistheadvicefrom2022participants?A.Tobewillingtoconsidervariousvoices.B.Tomaketimearrangementsatoppriority.C.Tomasterpublicspeakingskillsinadvance.D.Tobeefficientwiththehelpofpolicymakers.BIwasfourwhenDadfirstshowedmehowtoskimstones,agameinwhichonethrowssmoothflatstonesintoarivertomakethemjumpacrossthesurface.Idpasshoursonbeacheswithmybrother,pickingupmuddystonesandskimmingthem.Itwassatisfyingmakingthemdanceonthesurface.Thatperfectskim,wherethestoneglided（滑行），broughtmefantasticfeelings-andstilldoes.Iwasacompetitivechildandgoodatthrowing.Ienjoyedjavelin（标枪）andwasonabaseballteam,butskimmingstoneswasjustforfun.Inadulthood,thingschanged.InAugust2017,anadvertisementfortheAllEnglandOpenStoneSkimmingChampionshipsdrewmyattention.Isignedupandpaid£2forthreestones.Iskimmed28metresandtriedagainandagain,buyingmorestonestofeedmydesire,finallyreaching37metres-whichwonmethirdplace.Idrovehomeexcitedly,and£20lighter.Ireturnedtothe2018championship,hopingforachampion.Walkingontothesmallthrowingplatforminmytrainers,Ithrewadecent44metresandwon.Ispottedsomeonewearingacompetitionsweaterwith“World”writtenacrossit.“Where'sthat?”IaskedandhetoldmeabouttheannualWorldStoneSkimmingChampionshipsinScotland.Itwasamonthawayandasix-hourdrive.Ithoughtaboutthecostanddistanceforweeksuntil,thedaybeforethecontest,thefeelingofwinningmadeadecisionforme.“I'mgoing.”Iarrivedatahotelat10pm,butcouldn'tsleepfornervesandexcitement.Earlythenextmorning,Idrovetothecrossingwherethecompetitorshadbegunwaiting.Ropesandbuoys（浮标）markeda63-metrecouarse.Ihadnoideaifmybestscorewasgoodenoughtowin.Whenmynamewascalledattheprize-givingceremonythatafternoon,Iwasoverjoyed.Iwasthewomen'sworldchampion.I'mabigbelieveringivingthingsago.I'm42,andtobecomeaworldchampionatthisstageisprettyleft-field.Itshowedmeitwasworthjumpinginthecarthatday--andproofthatachildhoodspentthrowingmuddystonesfrombeacheswasn'twasted.24.Whatdidtheauthorenjoyaboutthestoneskimmingasachild?A.Thecompetitivenessofthesport.B.Theoutstandingabilityatthrowing.C.Thesatisfactiontheglideofthestonebrings.D.Thefuntimeshespentwithherdadatthebeach.25.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorallthewaythrougheverychampionship?A.Herdiscipline.B.Herdesiretowin.C.Herconfidence.D.Hereffortsontraining.26.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Takeiteasyinfaceofchallenges.B.Changetheworldbybeingyourself.C.Abiggerstageisreadyforthosewhotry.D.EitherIwillfindaway,orIwillmakeone.CClownfishlivetheiradultlivesintheprotectivearmsofseaanemones,thesmallbrightlycoloredseaanimalsattachedontorockstohouseclownfish.Betweenbirthandadulthood,however,thefishhavetocompleteatreacherousjourney.Afterhatching,theyswimouttotheopenseatofinishdeveloping.Aftermaturing,theyoungfishswimback,duringwhichtheyhavetoavoida“wallofmouths”bysensingtheunfriendlysmells.Withoceanacidification,atrendthatisoccurringworldwide,scientistsbegantowonderwhatmighthappentofish'ssenseofsmell.Myteamput300recentlyhatchedclownfishinourlab.Whenweintroducedafriendlyfishodor（气味），theydidnotreact.Butwhenweintroducedanenemyodor，theyswamaway.Wethenrepeatedtheexperimentwith300newhatchlingsfromthesameparentsinthemoreacidicwater-alevelwecanexpectbytheyear2100ifcurrenttrendscontinue.Whenweintroducedfriendlyandunfriendlysmellsatthesametime,thefishseemedunabletomakeuptheirminds,spendingequaltimeswimmingtowardonesmellandtheother.Theycouldsensechemicalsignalsbutcouldn'trecognizethemeaningofthem.Itisalwaystrickytosaythatbehaviorsseeninalabwouldalsobeseeninthewild.SowewenttoasandylakenearoneoftheGreatBarrierReef'snorthernislandstotesthowwild-caughtdamselfishwouldreacttoenemysmellsafterexposingthemtoacidicwater.Inatank,abouthalfofthemheldinwaterwithacidityexpectedby2050wereattractedtotheunfriendlyodorandhalfwerenot,yetnotoneheldinwateranticipatedby2100avoidedbeingattractedtotheenemyodor.Wethenletthemarkeddamselfishlooseinthelake.Thefishonceheldinthemostacidicwaterswamfartherawayfromtheirprotectivehome.Canfishadapt?Moststudieshavehabituatedfishtoliftedacidicconditionsoverafewdaysormonths-anextremelyshortlengthoftime.Theanimalsarenotgivenarealisticopportunitytoadapt.Yetsomescientiststhoughtthatfishmightescapetheangerofoceanacidification,inpartbecauseearlyresearchdoneinthe1980sshowedthatcertainanimalshadanastonishingabilitytoregulatetheirinternalchemistrytosurviveacidifiedwater.Butmaintainingnormalfunctionssuchasavoidingdangerisadifferentchallenge.Ataminimum,confusioncouldplaceyetanotherstressoronfishalreadychallengedbyrisingwatertemperatures,overfishing,etc.Further,ifmanyoceancreaturesstarttobehavestrangely,entirefoodwebsandecosystemscouldcomecrashingdown.Althoughthescienceisstillnew,theresultsappeartobeliningup:oceanacidificationismessingwithfish'sminds.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“treacherous"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Risky.B.Hurried.C.Mysterious.D.Helpless.28.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefishintheacidicwater?A.Theylosttheirsensestochemicalsignals.B.Theywerelesslikelytorespondtothreats.C.Theirbehaviorinthelabdisappearedinthewild.D.Theytendedtoseektheprotectionfromtheirhome.29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theauthor'sstudyconfirmspreviousfindings.B.Fish'sadaptationtoacidicwaterisamatteroftime.C.Differentfishesbehavedifferentlytoaciditychange.D.Thechancesofrestoringfish'smindsareyettobeseen.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatDoDifferentStressorsDotoOceanCreatures?B.WhatDoesOceanAcidityMeantoOceanCreatures?C.HowDoesOceanAcidificationDestroytheEcosystem?D.HowDoOceanCreaturesAdapttoOceanAcidification?DAsnake-robotdesigner,atechnologist,anextradimensionalphysicistandajournalistwalkintoaroom.Thejournalistturnstothecrowdandasks:Shouldwebuildhousesontheocean?Likeathink-tankpanel,membersoftheteamdream1upfar-outanswerstothecrucialproblem,suchasself-drivinghousingunitsthatcouldparkontopofoneanotherinthecoastalcitycenter.ThesettingisX,theenterprisewhichconsidersmorethan100ideaseachyear,inareasrangingfromcleanenergytoartificialintelligence.Althoughonlyatinypercentagebecome“projects”withfar-reachingcreativity,theseprojectsexist,ultimately,tochangetheworld,likeWaymo,thebiggestself-driving-carcompany.Inthepast60years,somethingstrangehashappened.Astheacademicstudyofcreativityhasthrived（蓬勃发展），thelabelinnovationmayhavecoveredeverytinychangeofasodacanoratoothpasteflavor,buttherateofproductivitygrowthhasbeenmostlydecliningsincethe1970s.JohnFernald,aneconomist,pointsoutthatthenotableexceptiontothepost-1970declineinproductivityoccurredwhenbusinessesthroughouttheeconomyfinallyfiguredoutthebreakthroughtechnology-informationtechnology.JohnFernaldsays,“It'spossiblethatproductivitytookoff,becausewepickedallthelow-hangingfruitfromtheITwave.”Actually,theworldeconomycontinuestoharvestthebenefitsofIT.Butwherewillthenexttechnologyshockcomefrom?Breakthroughtechnologyresultsfromtwodistinctactivities-inventionandinnovation.Inventionistypicallytheworkofscientistsandresearchersinlabs,whileinnovationisaninventionputtocommercialuse.Seldomdothetwoactivitiesoccursuccessfullyunderthesameroof.Theytendtothriveinoppositeconditions;whilecompetitionandconsumerchoiceencourageinnovation,inventionhashistoricallyprogressedinlabsthatareprotectedfromthepressuretogenerateprofit.Allowingwell-fundedanddiverseteamstotrytosolvebigproblemsiswhatgaveusthecomputerandtheInternet.Today,wefailtogiveattentiontoplantingtheseedsofthiskindofambitiousresearch,whilecomplainingabouttheharvest.“Companiesarereallygoodatcombiningexistingbreakthroughsinwaysthatconsumerslike.Butthebreakthroughscomefrompatientandcuriousscientists,nottherushtomarket,”saysJonGertner,theauthorofTheIdeaFactory.“Technologyisatalltree,”JohnFernaldsaid.“Butplantingtheseedsofinventionandharvestingthefruitofinnovationareentirelydistinctskills,oftenmasteredbydifferentorganizationsandseparatedbymanyyears.”Asforme,bothofthemareessentialfortechnology,althoughtheyarerelativelyindependent.Idon'tthinkXisaplanteroraharvester,actually.Itislikebuildingtallerladders.Nobodyknowsforsurewhat,ifanything,theemployeesatsuchenterprisesaregoingtofinduponthoseladders.Butthey'rereaching.Atleastsomeoneis.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Topresenttheprocessofgroupdiscussion.B.ToillustrateX'sworryaboutbigproblems.C.Torevealtheimportanceofthecrazyideas.D.Tostressthevariedbackgroundsoftheteam.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Breakthroughsmuststandthetestofthemarket.B.Innovationonnecessitiescanpromoteproductivity.C.Inventiondevelopsslowlyunderthepressureofprofit.D.Theharvestofinnovationliesinsomeambitiousresearch.33.RegardingJohnFernald'sviewontechnology,theauthoris____.A.supportiveB.cautiousC.uncertainD.critical34.WhatcanbeinferredaboutXfromthepassage?A.Itwillfocusoninnovation.B.Itwillhaveitsoutcomesoon.C.Itmaygiveintoitsfruitlessreality.D.Itmaybringanencouragingoutlook.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onceuponatime,wewereallquestion-askingexperts.Westartedaskingourparentsnumerousquestionsaskids.Bypreschool,ourinquiriesevenreachedthedepthsofscience,philosophy,andthesocialorder.Wheredoesthesungoatnight?Whydoesn'tthatmanhaveahomelikewedo?Whydorockssinkbuticefloats?35Whydoesthechild'surgetoaskquestionsgrowinactiveinsomanyadults?Animportantfactorishowthesocialenvironmentssurroundinguschangeasweage.Schoolstransformfromaplaceforaskingquestionstoonefundedbyourabilitytoanswerthem.36Andwerecognizethatsocietyrewardsthepeoplewhoproposetohavetheanswers.37Wecanbebraveraboutaskingquestionsinpublicandencouragingotherstopursuetheircuriosity,too.Inthatencouragement,wehelpcreateanenvironmentwherethosearoundusfeelsafetoaskquestions.Whenitcomestohowwephrasequestions,weareadvisedtoopenwithlesssensitivequestions,favorfollow-upquestions,andkeepquestionsopen-ended.Wecanalsopracticeaskingquestionsofandforourselvesbykeepingarunninglistofquestionsinajournal.38Finally,wecouldsetasidetimetoaskabsurdquestionslike“Howwouldyouaccomplishaweek'sworkintwohours?”Thistypeofquestionsforcesustobreaktheboundariesofourcomfortzone.Intheworldthatdoesnotlookmuchasitdidyearsago,wemustaskquestions.39Greatquestionscanopenupourcapacitytochangebecausetheyallowustodrawpeoplein,openingthemuptosharingknowledge,ideas,andopinions.Andtheyarealsoourprimarymeansoflearningabouttheworld.Inshort,askingquestionsisthebestwaytodeepenourunderstandingofthethingsthatmattertoourlife.Asanychildcouldprobablytellusifweasked.A.Then,atsomepoint,ourinquiringdesiresdisappear.B.Itisahigh-payoffbehaviorespeciallyintimesofchange.C.Thequestionsweaskdependonourattitudesaswellasthesituations.D.Butaswegrowup,askingquestionsfillsuswithworryandself-doubt.E.Assuch,onewaytorenewourinquiringspiritistochangetheatmosphere.F.Welearntosellourselvesonthejobmarketbywhatweknow,notwhatwedon't.G.Itnotonlyremovesthepublicityfromquestionasking,butoffersusaplacetoexperiment.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。OvertheyearsIhavebeenfascinatedtoreadaboutstudiesintothepoweroftouch.Onefamousstudyexaminedvideosofhowpeoplerespondedtothosenearthemwhohadbeenthevictimofabadfortune.Researcherslookedattheirinteractionwiththevictim,andcomparedthiswithbehaviourinnon-humanprimates（灵长类动物）.Itfoundthathumansandprimatescomfortoneanotheranddemonstratecareinasimilarway.Itmakessenseformethatofferinghugstocalmvictimsmaybeaninstinctthatwegotfromprimateancestors.Anotherstudyfoundthatwhenthehusbandorwifeofapatientinsorrowordiscomfortreachesoutandholdstheirhandand,asifbymagic,theybecomesettledandlesssorrowful.Perhapsweshouldn'tbesurprised,aswehaveknownformanyyearsabouttheimportanceoftouch.Itsymbolizessafetyandlove,andthisisactuallyoneofthemostimportantaspectsfordevelopmentasachild.Isitanywonderthat,whenweareupsetanddistressedasadults,weseekoutthesamethings?Whetheryoungorold,humansarewiredtobetouched.Nevertheless,manypeopletodaysufferfrom“touchhunger",whichtypicallyoccurswhenapersonexperienceslittletouchorcontactforalongtime.Itservesasawarningthatthesenseofsecurityandcarethatcomeswiththecontactoftouchismissing.Thus,theirwell-beingcansuffer.Itisassociatedwithgreaterstress,anxietyandloneliness,andlower-qualitysleep.Actually,eventhebriefesttouchfromuscanbringstrongemotionalexperiencestothereceiverswhosufferfrom“touchhunger”.Awarmhandshake,agentlepatontheshoulder,orahigh-fiveisoftenenoughtoconveyloveandcare.Beagiver!40.Whatdidthefirststudyfindabouttouch?41.Whyistouchimportant?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Touchhasthegreatpowertogivepeoplewhosufferfrom“touchhunger"strongemotionalexperiences,butabrieftouchlikeahandshakeistoolighttoconveyloveandcare.43.Apartfromtouch,whatotherway（s）doyouoftenusetoexpressyourloveandcareinyour1?（Inabout40words）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你正在组建与英语学习相关的研究性学习小组，请你用英文给你校交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：1.介绍研究的具体内容和意义；2.说明邀请原因和其他相关事宜。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：研究性学习research-basedlearningDearJim，Yours，LiHua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

参考答案第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A6.A7.D8.C9.B10.B第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）11.hadseen12.how13.filling14.whose15.carried16.finest17.created18.natural19.from20.istrained第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）21.A22.C23.A24.C25.B26.C27.A28.B29.D30.B31.C32.D33.A34.D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35.A36.F37.E38.G39.B第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）40.Itfoundthathumansandprimatescomfortoneanotheranddemonstratecareinasimilarway.41.Itsymbolizessafetyandlovewhichareimportanttobothchildrenandadults.42.>Touchhasthegreatpowertogivepeoplewhosufferfrom“touchhunger＂strongemotionalexperiences，butabrieftouchlikeahandshakeistoolighttoconveyloveandcare.Evenabrieftouchlikeahandshakeisenoughtoconveyloveandcare.43.（1）IoftenwritenotestopeopleIlove.Forexample，Ioftenwritenotestoremindmyfamilytoputontheircoatsoncolddays，expressingmycareandlove.WhenreadingthewarmWords,theyfeellovedandcared.（2）Ioftenhavelittleconversationswithmylovedones.Talkingwithmyparentsaftersch1oolcanhelprelievetheirtirednessfromwork.Besides，Ipreparegiftsforthemonspecialoccasions.Thehandmadegiftsconveymyappreciationforwhattheyhavedo