涿州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练（9）及答案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精涿州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练（9）及答案(第篇)Iamawriter.Ispendagreatdealofmytimethinkingaboutthepoweroflanguage—thewayitcanevoke(唤起）anemotion,avisualimage，acomplexidea,orasimpletruth.Language_is_the_tool_of_my_trade.AndIusethemall—alltheEnglishesIgrewupwith。BornintoaChinesefamilythathadrecentlyarrivedinCalifornia,I’vebeengivingmorethoughttothekindofEnglishmymotherspeaks。Likeothers,Ihavedescribedittopeopleas“broken”English。ButIfeelembarrassedtosaythat.IthasalwaysbotheredmethatIcanthinkofnowaytodescribeitotherthan“broken”，asifitweredamagedandneededtobefixed，asifitlackedacertainwholeness.I'veheardothertermsused，“limitedEnglish",forexample。Buttheyseemjustasbad,asifeverythingislimited,includingpeople’sperceptions(认识)ofthelimitedEnglishspeaker.Iknowthisforafact，becausewhenIwasgrowingup，mymother’s“limited”Englishlimitedmyperceptionofher。IwasashamedofherEnglish。IbelievedthatherEnglishreflectedthequalityofwhatshehadtosay。Thatis,becausesheexpressedthemimperfectlyherthoughtswereimperfect.AndIhadplentyofevidencetosupportme:thefactthatpeopleindepartmentstores，atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously，didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.Istartedwritingfictionin1985.AndforreasonsIwon’tgetintotoday,IbegantowritestoriesusingalltheEnglishesIgrewupwith:theEnglishsheusedwithme，whichforlackofabettertermmightbedescribedas“broken”；andwhatIimaginetobehertranslationofherChinese，herinternal（内在的)language，andforthatIsoughttopreservetheessence,butneitheranEnglishnoraChinesestructure.Iwantedtocatchwhatlanguageabilitytestscannevershow:herintention,herfeelings，therhythmsofherspeechandthenatureofherthoughts.[语篇解读］本文主要记叙了作者在不同时期对母亲所使用的语言的不同看法。1．Bysaying“Languageisthetoolofmytrade”，theauthormeansthat________。A.sheusesEnglishinforeigntradeB.sheisfascinatedbylanguagesC.sheworksasatranslatorD。sheisawriterbyprofession[解析]推理判断题。此句中thetoolofmytrade中的trade指的是职业。由本文第一句可知“我”是一名作家；此句又说语言是“我"的职业工具,故此句指的自然是“我”的职业为作家。[答案]D2．Theauthorusedtothinkofhermother’sEnglishas________。A。impolite B.amusingC.imperfect D。practical［解析]推理判断题。由文中倒数第二段中“。。。becausesheexpressedthemimperfectly,herthoughtswereimperfect”一句可知选C，作者一度以为自己妈妈所说的英语是不完美的。［答案］C3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A.AmericansdonotunderstandbrokenEnglish。B。Theauthor’smotherwasnotrespectedsometimes。C。Theauthor’smotherhadpositiveinfluenceonher.D。BrokenEnglishalwaysreflectsimperfectthoughts。[解析］细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段最后一句话可知选B。此题易误选D。其实，此句只是“我”小时候对妈妈的一种误解,由最后一段可知这种误解已经消除了,因此D项的说法是不对的。［答案]B4．Theauthorgraduallyrealizeshermother’sEnglishis________。A。wellstructured B。intheoldstyleC.easytotranslate D.richinmeaning［解析］推理判断题。由最后一段可知，我写小说时开始运用她与我说话时所用的英语.我尽力地保留她语言的精髓，但未运用她所使用的英语或汉语的结构。我想领悟语言能力测试中所不能反映但我妈妈语言中所包含的意思。故选D。[答案］D5．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A。Thechangeoftheauthor'sattitudetohermother'sEnglish.B.Thelimitationoftheauthor’sperceptionofhermother.C.Theauthor'smisunderstandingof“limited”English.D。Theauthor’sexperiencesofusingbrokenEnglish。[解析]主旨大意题。本文以时间为线索,讲述了作者对妈妈所使用的语言的不同态度，故选A。[答案］A＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊**＊＊＊＊＊*****＊**＊*＊＊*＊***＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊＊*＊***＊＊***＊＊结束Parents，ourfirstteachers，playahighlysignificantroleinourlives．However,doesn’titseemthatmanyofuscometohaveconflictswiththemwhenwestarthighschool?We'relesslikelytolistentothemandtaketheirsuggestions—-—weevenrebelagainstthem。Why？Itmaybetheso—called“generationgap”.Agenerationgapappearswhenwebegintofeelourparentsareignoringus，don’tunderstandus,andwefeelwecannolongershareourfeelingswiththem.Thekeyreasonisourdesireforindependence.Inseniorhighschool,westarttowanttotakeresponsibilityforourownlivesandmakeourowndecisions.Butparentsresistthis.Theystillwanttocontrolusandtrytoforceustodothingstheythinkweshoulddo.Debateanddiscussionoftencometonothing。Gradually,wetalkwiththemless，andkeepourfeelingslockedupinside.ZhangXiaoyun,16，ofNingbo，Zhejiang，hastalkedlessandlesswithhermothersinceshestartedseniorhighschool.“Shebelievesstudiesshouldbemypriority,notmyinnerworld,”Zhangsaid。“Eachday，sheasksmethesameoldquestionslike,‘Howwasyourlastexam?’or‘Haveyoumadeanyprogressinphysics？'”ToZhang，thesequestionsareannoyingandsoshealwaystriestoignorethemandanswersThegenerationgapcanbeharmful。Becauseofthelackofcommunication，ourparentsnolongerknowwhatwearethinkingabout。Therearequarrels,evenovertrivialthings.Whenthathappens，wemaynotbeabletoconcentrateonourstudies。Someofusevenbecomeafraidtogohomeafterschool-——averyserioussituationforthewholefamily。6。Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedinthepassage？ A。Thecausesofgenerationgap.B.Theeffectsofgenerationgap. C.Oneexampleofgenerationgap.D。Waysofnarrowinggenerationgap.7.Whichofthefollowingisonereasonforthegenerationgapaccordingtothepassage? A.Modernsocietychangingveryfast。 B。Parentshavingunrealistichopesoftheirchildren. C.Parentsandkidsnotunderstandingandrespectingeachother。 D.Youngpeoplelikingtoescapefromthecontroloftheirparents.8。Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“perfunctorily”? A。attentivelyB.indifferently(冷淡地） C。flatteringly（奉承地）D.seriously9.Intheviewoftheauthor,________. A.parentsshouldallowtheirchildrenmorefreedom B。parentsandchildrenshouldnotstaytogether C。theyoungergenerationshouldvaluetheoldergeneration D。academicrecordsaremoreimportantthanone’sinnerworld参考答案DCBA*＊*＊******＊＊*＊＊＊*＊**＊＊＊**＊＊＊**＊*＊***＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊**＊＊＊＊＊**结束【命题趋向】短文改错是一项主要测试考生的判断能力,观察能力、纠错能力语言基础知识及语言的综合运用能力。短文改错的趋势：1。改错短文以记叙文和说明文为主。2.文章内容贴近学生生活，没有生僻词汇和复杂的结构,文章简单易懂，错误设置也很简单，多为学生平常作文中常出现的错误。3。短文一般100词左右，错误有9处。4.常见错有三种:错词、多词、缺词。错词占60%左右【错误类型】1.错词2。多词3.缺词4.正错【考点透视】一．错词的热点动词—时态语态非谓语；主谓关系。联系词—关系代词和关系副词；连词；连接词。名词-可数名词、不可数名词，可数名字的单复数变化.介词—介词和动词的搭配错误.形容词/副词—词类错用。冠词-定冠词和不定冠词的错用.代词—人称代词；物主代词；反身代词。惯用法-固定句型，固定短语.二．多词和缺词热点1。冠词2.介词3.副词4。代词5.关联词6.小品词to【短文改错主要特点】1。语言材料取自于学生的习作。2.短文为贴近学生生活的话题或学生身边事。3.短文难度符合学生水平.4.语言简单易懂。5.没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构.*＊＊****＊**＊****＊*****＊**＊＊***＊*****＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊＊＊****＊*＊*＊**＊＊结束链接2。（2012四川卷）Onahill600feetabovethesurroundingland,wewatchthelinesofrainmoveacrossthescene,themoonriseoverthehills,andthestarsappearinthesky.Theviewsinvitealonglookfromacomfortablechairinfrontofthewoodenhouse。Everywindowinourwoodenhousehasaview,andtheforestandlakesseldomlookthesameasthehourbefore.Eachlookremindsuswhereweare.Thereisspaceforourthreeboystoplayoutside,toshootarrows，collecttreeseeds,buildearthhousesandclimbtrees.Ourkidshavelearnedthenamesofthetrees,andwiththenameshavecomefamiliarityandappreciation.Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest,maple（枫叶)makesthebestfightingsticksandwhitepinesarethebestclimbingtrees.Theairiscleanandfresh。Thewaterfromthewellhasapleasanttaste，anditisperhapsthehealthiestwaterourkidswilleverdrink。Thoughtheyhaveoneglassadayofjuiceandtherestiswater,theyneversayanythingagainstthat。Theseasonschangejustoutsidethedoor。Wewatchthemaplesturneveryshadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars’(杨树） puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesofspring.Therainbowsmellfillsthelocalstreamastheicegraduallydisappears，andthewoodfrogsstarttosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter。Afamilyofbirdsrulesourskiesand（liesoverthelake.41。 WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2？A。 Thescenesarecolorfulandchangeable.B. Therearemanywindowsinthewoodenhouse.C。 Theviewsremindusthatweareinawoodenhouse.D。 Thelakesoutsidethewindowsarequitedifferentincolor.42. Bymentioningthenamesofthetrees，theauthoraimstoshowthat_____.A. thekidslikeplayingintreesB. thekidsareveryfamiliarwithtreesC。 thekidshavelearnedmuchknowledgeD。 thekidsfindtreesusefullearningtools43。 Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean？A. Thechangeofseasonsiseasilyfelt.B。 Theseasonsmakethesceneschange.C。 Theweatheroftenchangesintheforest。D。 Thedoorisagoodpositiontoenjoychangingseasons.44。 Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?A. Todescribethebeautyofthescenearoundthehouse。B. Tointroduceherchildren’shappylifeintheforest。C。 Toshowthatlivingintheforestishealthful。D。 Tosharethejoyoflivinginthenature.【考点】日常生活类—散文【文章大意】想象一下，住在四面环山，清水宜人，绿树包围，鸟儿鸣叫的清幽、自然的环境里是多么让人神清气爽的一件事呀！作者就带我们去享受了一下这样的世外桃源.41。【答案】A【试题解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句后半句:andtheforestandlakesseldomlookthesameasthehourbefore。可知答案A符合文意。42。【答案】C【试题解析】目的意图。根据第四段的第二句：Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest，可以推断出，作者提到这么多树木的名字，说明了孩子们学到了很多。故答案C符合文意。＊＊****＊＊*＊*＊****＊**＊**＊****＊＊****＊＊**＊＊＊***＊＊＊＊**＊＊*＊＊*＊*＊结束（2011·重庆卷)短文改错（共10小题；每小题1份,满分10分）以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误,请找出,并按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉.此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：请在答题卡上作答。TodayisSunday.I′vebeeninCanadafortwomonths.ThisisthefirsttimethatI′vebeenawaymyfamilyforsucha76.longtime.WiththehelpofKatia,aroommateofme，I′ve77.soongotusedtolivewithoutmyparentsaround。Katia，like78。manyotherRussiangirls,areniceandlively。Webecame79。friendsshortlyafterwemeeteachother。AlthoughherEnglish80。isalittlehardlytounderstand，weenjoychattingandwe81。usuallytalkalotaboutourownfamily.We’rebothsurprised82。thatChinesecultureorRussianculturearesodifferent。Now,83.weareplanningasmallpar