高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(18)讲义

一、记叙文（用时：7mins）①Manytimespetitivesportscanfeelreallypetitive.Butseriously,athletesgothroughimmensepressurebothintheirtrainingandduringperformancealltostriveforthatnumberonespot.②ForoneSpanishathleteIvanAnayaitwasexactlythatrespectfortheamountofhardworkanddedicationtotheprofessionthatmadehimlose一onpurpose③DuringacrosscountryraceinBurladaNavarre，theKenyanathleteAbelMutaiwaswellaheadofIvan・Butthen,thinkinghehadalreadyreachedthefinishline,hestartedslowingdown.④Anyoneelseinsecondpositionmighthavetakenadvantageofthatmistakeandsnagged（抢先获得）thefirstplacebutnotIvan.Rather,hestayedbehindAbeLandusinghandsignals,heguidedhimtothefinishline.⑤Later，Ivanspokeabouthisdecision，whichmighteasashocktomanypeople・However，tohim，therewasnoquestionaboutwhodeservedthewin.Tdidn'tdeservetowinit.IdidwhatIhadtodo.Hewastherightfulwinner・HecreatedagapthatIcouldn’thaveclosedifhehadn’tmadeamistake.AssoonasIsawhewasstopping,IknewIwasn^tgoingtopasshim.”⑥Ivanascoach，formerSpanishdistancerunnerMartinFiz,saidhewouldnothavethoughttodothesamething・“Itwasaverygoodgestureofhonesty，”saidFiz，“agesturethatImyselfwouldn’thavemade.Icertainlywouldhavetakenadvantageofittowin.”⑦ForIvan,hisselflessgesturewasnotlimitedtothetrack.Hehopeditwouldspreadalargermessageabouttheimportanceofhonesty.“ButIalsothinkthatIhaveearnedmoreofanamehavingdonewhatIdidthanifIhadwon，”headded・Andthatisveryimportant，becausetoday，withthewaythingsareinallcirclesandinsociety,agestureofhonestygoesdownwell.”1.WhydidAbelMutaislowdownduringtherace?AHewastootiredtokeepon.B.Hewantedtoloseonpurpose.C.HewaswaitingforIvanAnaya・D.Hethoughthehadreachedthefinishline.2.Whydidn’tIvantakeadvantageofMutai’smistake?A.Hedidn’tthinkhedeservedtowin.B.HewassympathetictoMutai.C.HerespectedMutaiverymuch.D.Hedidn'tknowwhathappenedtoMutai.3.WhatattitudedidIvanascoachhavetowardwhatIvanhaddone?A.Doubtful.B.Regretful.C.Negative.D.Appreciative.4.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusthroughIvanasstory?A.Friendshipismoreimportantthanwins.B.Fairpetitionisimportantinsports.C.Honestyisrequiredineveryaspectoflife.D.petitivesportscanbereallypetitive.【五步法解题逻辑】串联题干1.WhydidAbelMutaislowdownduringtherace?2.Whydidn’tIvantakeadvantageofMutai’smistake?3.WhatattitudedidIvanascoachhavetowardwhatIvanhaddone?4.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusthroughIvanasstory?在归纳主题之前，我们先来做个送分题3.WhatattitudedidIvanascoachhavetowardwhatIvanhaddone?A.Doubtful.（质疑的，负向）B.Regretful.（后悔的，负向）C.Negative.（消极的，负向）D.Appreciative.（赏识的，正向）很明显吧，单选题，选哪个，当然正向的，符合三观。好，我们来归纳主题：这个I先生没有利用M先生错误得到教练赏识，这反映的是I先生的道德品质。4.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusthroughIvanasstory?A.Friendshipismoreimportantthanwins.B.Fairpetitionisimportantinsports.C.Honestyisrequiredineveryaspectoflife.D.petitivesportscanbereallypetitive.C选项当选！为啥？主题对上了，诚实属于道德的一部分。2.Whydidn’tIvantakeadvantageofMutai’smistake?A.Hedidn’tthinkhedeservedtowin.（合理，提到I先生拥有诚实的品质，没有利用M的错误导致I觉得自己胜之不武）B.HewassympathetictoMutai.（同情？M先生出现错误，没有出现意外或者事故）C.HerespectedMutaiverymuch.（事前不认识他，何来的尊重？）D.Hedidn'tknowwhathappenedtoMutai.（不知道他发生什么，没有利用M的错误，可知他是了解情况）A选项当选1.WhydidAbelMutaislowdownduringtherace?AHewastootiredtokeepon.（疲倦）B.Hewantedtoloseonpurpose.（有目的失败）C.HewaswaitingforIvanAnaya（等待）D.Hethoughthehadreachedthefinishline.（粗心大意）这里有个小技巧：是什么错误导致I会没有利用M的错误的这个结果产生也就是说上面这几个选项是错误？首先错误就是意料之外，B、C选项排除！疲倦虽然是意料之外，但是不构成错误。所以D选项当选。总结：①为什么我们要把态度题做了之后才归纳主题？因为题干提出I先生没有利用M的错误到底是处于什么动机？不明确。我们需要多些材料证明文章的方向。②这次的文章题目多个细节出现，我们才可以串联题干得到主题，所以这次文章的题目相对简单，不存在难题或者偏题③记住五步法要诀：串联题干得主旨！说明文（用时：7mins)①Whatdoyoudoifyournationhasaseverewatershortageandhappenstobelocatedinadesert?Ifyouhavetheresources9youturntotechnology,whichiswhatapanyintheoilrichUnitedArabEmirates（阿联酋）（UAEforshort）isplanningtodo.Thecountry,whichgetslessthanfourinchesofrainperyear,couldsolveitsissuewithwatershortagebydraggingicebergsfromAntarcticatoitsshores.②OncetheicebergisatUAEshores，theiceabovethewaterlinewouldbecutoffandcrushedintodrinkingwater，whichwouldthenbestoredinlargewatertanks.“Theicebergwouldalsohaveabroaderimpact，”saysAbdullahMohammadSulaimanAlShehi.“ColdairoutfromanicebergclosetotheshoreoftheArabianSeawouldcauserainstormsacrosstheArabianGulfandthesouthernregionoftheArabianPeninsulaallyearround.Astherisingairexpands,coolsandcondenses（冷凝）duetothedecreaseinairpressurewatervapor•（水蒸气）iscollectedintheclouds，whichbeesheavyandfallsasrain."theclouds，whichbeesheavyandfallsasrain."③Moreicebergswillbringmorewatervaporandclouds，creatingaprofoundeffectontheregionalclimateoveradecade，turningthedesertinto"greenmeadows”.ThemeltingicebergwouldalsoaddfreshwatertotheArabianSea，returningbiodiversity.Therewouldalsobeaboostfortourismfromallthepeopleinterestedinlookingattheicebergs.④TheEmiratesIcebergProjectesfromagroupofeffortsbyNABLcalled"FillingtheEmptyQuarter”.Theprojectaimstodramaticallyinfluencethedesertsofthe"EmptyQuarter”，theplanet'slargestsanddesert.Theregionisalsotherichestoilproducingareaintheworld，includingpartsofSaudiArabia，Oman，UAEandYemen.1.WhatistheUAEplanningtodoaccordingtothetext?A.Tomakeicebergsonitsshores.B.TocollectfreshwaterfromAntarctica.C.TodragicebergsfromAntarcticatothecountry.D.Toget20billiongallonsoffresh2.WhatAlShehisaidreflectstheeffectoficebergsontheA.WeatherB.industryC.biodiversityD.tourism3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedesertsofthe"EmptyQuarter"accordingtothetext?A.Theyaresuitableforhumanhabitation.B.Theywillturnintogreenmeadowssoon.C.Theyareemptyareaswithoutpopulation.D.Theyareabundantinoilasamatteroffact.4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A.UsingAntarcticaIcebergsAlongtheUAEShoresB.DraggingIcebergsfromAntarcticaforWaterShortageC.GettingMoreFreshWaterfromIcebergsinAntarcticaD.ChangingDesertsintoGreenMeadows（绿地）UsingIcebergs【五步法解题逻辑】串联题干：1.WhatistheUAEplanningtodoaccordingtothetext?2.WhatAlShehisaidreflectstheeffectoficebergsonthe3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedesertsofthe"EmptyQuarter"accordingtothetext?4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthistext?归纳主题：一个计划冰山的作用解决沙漠的问题水资源的短缺4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A.UsingAntarcticaIcebergsAlongtheUAEShores（不明确，只说了利用，没说具体目的）B.DraggingIcebergsfromAntarcticaforWaterShortage（合理！主题对应）C.GettingMoreFreshWaterfromIcebergsinAntarctica（前后矛盾，冰山不是新鲜的水资源）D.ChangingDesertsintoGreenMeadowsUsingIcebergs（没提到）B选项当选1.WhatistheUAEplanningtodoaccordingtothetext?A.Tomakeicebergsonitsshores.B.TocollectfreshwaterfromAntarctica.C.TodragicebergsfromAntarcticatothecountry.（主题对应，直接解决）D.Toget20billiongallonsoffresh2.WhatAlShehisaidreflectstheeffectoficebergsontheA.WeatherB.industryC.biodiversityD.tourism常识题，什么原因造成冰山？当然是天气3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedesertsofthe"EmptyQuarter"accordingtothetext?A.Theyaresuitableforhumanhabitation.B.Theywillturnintogreenmeadowssoon.C.Theyareemptyareaswithoutpopulation.D.Theyareabundantinoilasamatteroffact.最后一题，需要回文定位④TheEmiratesIcebergProjectesfromagroupofeffortsbyNABLcalled"FillingtheEmptyQuarter”.Theprojectaimstodramaticallyinfluencethedesertsofthe"EmptyQuarter”，theplanet'slargestsanddesert.Theregionisalsotherichestoilproducingareaintheworld，includingpartsofSaudiArabia，Oman，UAEandYemen.论同义替换的重要性。应用文（用时：5mins）①Morestudentthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear(间隔年)beforegoingtouniversity.Itusedtobecalledthe“yearoff”betweenschoolanduniversity.Thegapyearphenomenonoriginated(起源)withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.②Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbyUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService(UCAS).③Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatisticsaregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation.“Studentswhotakeawellplannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andplete,theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible,”hesaid.④Butnoteveryoneishappy.OwainJames,thepresidentoftheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS),arguedthattheincreaseisevidenceofstudenthadship–youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybeforefinishingtheireducation.“Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto￡15,000indebt.Itisnotsurprisingthatmoreand⑤Morestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringtermtimeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacationperiods,”hesaid.1.Whatdowelearnaboutthegapyearfromthetext?A.Itisflexibleinlength.B.Itisatimeforrelaxation.C.Itisincreasinglypopular.D.Itisrequiredbyuniversities.2.AccordingtoTonyHiggins,studentstakingagapyear______.A.arcbetterpreparedforcollegestudiesB.knowalotmoreabouttheirfuturejobsC.aremorelikelytoleaveuniversityindebtD.haveabetterchancetoentertopuniversities3.HowdoesOwainJamesfeelaboutthegapyearphenomenon?A.He'spuzzled.B.He'sworried.C.He'ssurprised.D.He'sannoyed.4.WhatwouldmoststudentsdoontheirvacationaccordingtoNUSstatistics?A.Attendadditionalcourses.B.Makeplansforthenewterm.C.Earnmoneyfortheireducation.Preparefortheirgraduatestudies.【五步法解题逻辑】凡是我们碰到应用文，老办法，回文定位1.Whatdowelearnaboutthegapyearfromthetext?A.Itisflexibleinlength.B.Itisatimeforrelaxation.C.Itisincreasinglypopular.D.Itisrequiredbyuniversities.②Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbyUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService(UCAS).注意：绿色标注是状语，红色标注是定语，论高考英语长难句的重要性！2.Accordingto