河南省豫南九校2020-2021学年高二上学期第四次联考英语试题

豫南九校20202021学年上期第四次联考高二英语试题（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项．AEdinburghistheworld'sfestivalcity．Thereare12festivalsthroughouttheyear,halfofwhicharecelebratedduringthemonthsofJulyandAugust．ThousandsofpeoplevisittheScottishcapitalduringthesummer．Herearesomeoftheeventstheycanenjoy:TheEdinburghInternationalFestivalThisistheoriginalEdinburghfestivalwhichbeganin1947．Actors,musicians,dancersandoperasingersfromallovertheworldperformtohugeaudiences．Youneedticketsformosteventswhichtakeplaceintheatresaroundthecity．TheEdinburghFestivalFringe（艺穗芳）Thisisthelargestartsfestivalintheworldwiththousandsofshowstakingplaceacrossthecity．Morethan20,000artiststakepart,asthefestivalisopentoanyone．Visitorscanchoosefromahugevarietyofacts．JointhousandsofvisitorsandlocalsattheRoyalMileEdinburgh'smainstreet,towatchallkindsofperformersandshows．TheEdinburghInternationalBookFestivalThelargestbookfestivalintheworldbeganin1983andtakesplaceeveryyearinCharlotteSquareGardens,inthecentreofEdinburgh．Therearemorethan700eventsforchildrenandadultswholovebooks．Youcanmeetmanyauthors,talktothem,askthemtosignabookorlistentothemtalkabouttheirstories．Childrencanlistentostoriesandwatchillustrators（插画家）drawpictures．TheEdinburghJazzandBluesFestivalMusicloversetothisfestivaltoenjoymusicshowsaroundthecity．Oneofthehighlights（精彩部分）ofthismusicaleventisthestreetcarnivalwhichisfreetoall．Artistsperformstreettheatre,danceandcircusshowsinamazingcostumes,andeveryonecanjoininthedancing．1.WhatcanpeopledoattheEdinburghInternationalFestival?A.Meetmanyauthorsandtalktothem． B.Experiencethestreetcarnival．C.Buyticketstowatchperformances． D.Getactorsandmusicians'signatures．2.Whichoneisthelargestartsfestivalintheworld?A.TheEdinburghInternationalFestival． B.TheEdinburghFestivalFringe．C.TheEdinburghInternationalBookFestival． D.TheEdinburghJazzandBluesFestival．3.What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceafewEdinburgh'sevents． B.TotellreadersaboutEdinburgh．C.Tosharegoodfeelingswithreaders． D.Toshowushowtocelebrateimportantfestivals．BJosephBankswasbornon13February1743inLondon．Hispassionforbotanybeganatschool．From1760to1763hestudiedatOxfordUniversity,duringwhichtimehereceivedagreatdealoffortune．In1766BankstraveledtoNewfoundlandandLabrador,collectingplantandotherspecimens（标本）．ThesameyearhewaselectedafellowoftheRoyalSociety．In1768hejoinedtheSociety'sexpedition,ledbyCaptainJamesCook,toexploretheunchartedlandsoftheSouthPacific．Theexpeditioncircumnavigated（环航）theglobeandvisitedSouthAmerica,Tahiti,NewZealand,AustraliaandJava．Bankscollectedagreatnumberofspecimensonthewayand,onhisreturn,hisscientificaccountofthevoyageanditsdiscoveriessparkedconsiderableinterestacrossEurope．Bankswasinterestedinplantsthatcouldbeusedforpracticalpurposesandbeintroducedintoothercountriesforpossiblemercialuse．AfterhebecamepresidentoftheRoyalSocietyin1778hepromotedthecareerofmanyscientistsandinhiscapacityasdirectoroftheRoyalBotanicGardensatKew,sentmanybotanistsabroadtofindnewplantsandextendtheGardens'collection．In1781Bankswasmadeabaronet（准男爵）,andin1795receivedtheorderofKnightmanderoftheBath;twoyearslaterhewasadmittedtothePrivyCouncil（枢密院）．In1793hisnamewasgiventotheBanksIslands,avolcanicgroupofislandsnearVanuatuinthePacific．ThesewereexploredandnamedbyCaptainBlighBankshadhelpedarrangeapreviousexpeditionofBligh's．Banksdiedon19June1820．4.PleasechoosethecorrectorderaboutwhathappenedtoJoseBanks．a．HereceivedtheorderofKnightmanderoftheBath．b．Hesentmanybotanistsabroadtofindnewplants．c．HejoinedtheSociety'sexpedition．d．HeelectedafellowoftheRoyalSociety．A.c,d,a,b B.d,c,b,a C.d,b,c,a D.c,d,b,a5.Theunderlinedword"sparked"inParagraph2probablymeans_______________．A.showed B.amused C.caused D.declared6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJosephBanks?A.Adventurous． B.Humorous． C.Demanding． D.Skeptical．7.WhywashisnamegiventotheBanksIslandsin1793?A.Becausehevisitedtheislands．B.BecausehewasadmittedtothePrivyCouncil．C.BecausehehadcloserelationshipwithCaptainBligh．D.BecausehehadhelpedarrangeapreviousexpeditionofBligh's．CArchitecturalhistorycantakeyouthroughtheevolutionofthosestructuresthatservedasamarktoremotecivilizations,liketheEgyptiansandtheirarchitecture,reflectedinpyramids,tombs,andmanyotherancientbuildingsalongtheNileRiver．Infact,thefirstbigarchitecturaldesignrecordedinhistorywastheworkofImhotep,Egyptianhighpriest（主教）,whodesignedandbuilttheplex（综合建筑群）thattookthenameofhisking,betweentheyears2630to2611BC．Ruinsofthemostvariedarchitecturespeakforthemselvesaboutthemostvariedcivilizations,traditions,andbeliefsaroundtheworld．Withoutarchitecture,thehistoryofmankindwouldbeinplete．Manysurvivingbuildingsoftheancientworldareexamplesofthegreatthingsthatarchitecturecandofortheworld．Amongthem,wecannametheGreatPyramid,listedasoneofthesevenwondersoftheancientworld,andthegreatWallofChina,builtbetweentheyears221to206BC．Astimepassed,allbuildingsanddesignsbegantotakespecialcharacteristics,beingsymbolsofdifferenterasidentifiedasarchitecturalstyles．InancientGreece,wherebuildingsseemedtoalwaysbethesame,therewerethreetypesofcolumnstoidentifyeachperiodoftime．TheRomansinheritedfromtheGreeksmostoftheirtraditions,beliefs,andcustoms,includingarchitecture,buttheyalsodevelopedtheirown．Architecturalhistorywasinfluencedbyartistic,economic,politic,andsocioculturaleventsthroughoutthecenturies,andEuropebecamethecradle（摇篮）ofmanywellknownarchitectsintheyearsfollowingthefalloftheRomanEmpire．Astimepasses,theactualarchitecturediffersinshape,materials,constructionmethods,anddesigninggoals,buttheworkofthearchitectswillcontinueforgenerationstoe．8.Whomadethefirstbigarchitecturaldesignrecordedinhistory?A.Chinese B.Indians C.Egyptians D.British9.What'sthefunctionofruinsofthearchitectureaccordingtothepassage?A.Theygivetouristschancestovisitthem．B.Theyhelptosatisfytheneedsofhouses．C.Theycanbringinagreatdealofmoneyforthelocalpeople．D.Theyrepresentdifferentcultivations,traditions,andbeliefsthereandthen．10.WhydoesthewritermentiontheGreatPyramid?A.Toshowitsstrength B.TotellusitsimportanceC.Toshowitsspecialstyle D.Toprovethefunctionofarchitecture11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Architecturalhistorywasonlyinfluencedbyeconomicandpoliticevents．B.TheRomanEmpirewasthecradleoffamousarchitectsearlierthanEurope．C.Theactualarchitectureremainsthesameinshape,materialanddesigninggoals．D.EuropewasthecradleoffamousarchitectsearlierthantheRomanEmpire．DAmericanresearcherssaytheyhavefoundthestrongestlinkyetbetweenozonepollutionanddamagetohealth.Theirfindingsshowthatshorttermincreasesinozoneleadtohigherdeathratesincities.Ozoneisaformofoxygen.ThegasisproducednaturallyintheupperatmospheretoprotecttheEarthagainstradiationfromthesun.Buthumanactivitycanalsocreateozoneintheloweratmosphere.Gassesfromvehiclesandindustryreactwithsunlighttoformthisozone.Levelsusuallyincreaseinthewarmermonths.Ozoneisthemainchemicalinsmog,theairpollutionthatisabinationoffogandsmoke.Ozonehasbeenlinkedtoheartandlungproblemsespecially,andtohigherratesofhospitalcases.ResearchersfromYaleUniversityandJohnsHopkinsUniversitydidthestudy.MichelleBellofYalewastheleadresearcher.TheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationpublishedtheresults.Theresearcherscollectedinformationon95Americancities.Thesecontainabout40%ofthenationalpopulation.Thestudypareddeathsratestoozonelevelsbetween1987and2000.Theresearchsuggeststhatevenasmallincreaseinozone,tenpartsperthousandmillion,canleadtohigherdeathratesthefollowingweek.Thestudyfoundthattheaveragedailynumberofdeathsrosepointfivepercent.Heartandlungrelateddeathsrosepointsixpercent.Anddeathsamongolderpeoplerosepointsevenpercent.Thestudyisoneofthelargesteverdoneofozoneanddeathrates.TheresearchersnotethatozoneiswidespreadintheUnitedStatesandmanyothercountries.TheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyisreexaminingitsairpollutionrules.Thecurrentlimitforozoneiseightypartsperthousandmillionforaneighthourperiod.Limitswerehigherinthepast.Buttheresearcherssaytheyfoundanincreaseindeathsevenbelowthecurrentlevels.12.WhatcanweknowaboutthesmogfromParagraph2?A.Itismadeupofwater. B.Itcanmaketheairclean.C.Ozoneisonlyasmallpartinit. D.Itispollutedairincludingfogandsmoke.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Thestudyplacedthetimebetween1987and2000.B.Theoldareeasiertosufferfromanincreaseinozone.C.Thecollectedinformationisfrom40%ofAmericancities.D.Asmallincreaseinozonecan'tcausehigherdeathrates.14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ThepresentozonelevelinAmericaissafetopeople.B.Thereisnodirectconnectionbetweenozoneanddeathrates.C.Thestudyofozoneanddeathrateshasbeendoneseveraltimes.D.Americahasaworseproblemwithozonethanothercountries.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Isozonelinkedtoheartandlungproblems?B.Canozonelevelscauseenvironmenttogoworseandworse?C.Howcandeathratebereducedbyprotectingenvironment?D.Whatistheconnectionbetweendeathratesandozonelevels?第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．WaystoBeMoreAwareofYourEmotionsAswegrowup,wegetbetteratknowingwhatwearefeelingandwhy.Knowingourfeelingshelpsusknowwhatwewantandmakechoices.Payingattentiontofeelingsisaskillthatanyonecanpractice.Herearesomethingstotry:Noticeandnameyouremotions.______16______Namethemtoyourself.Forexample,youmightsay,“Ifeelproud”whenaclasspresentationgoeswell,“Ifeeldisappointed”atnotdoingwellonatest,or“Ifeelfriendly”whensittingwithagroupatlunch.Trackoneemotion.Pickoneemotion—likejoy.Trackitallday.Noticehowoftenyoufeelit.Everytime,makeamentalnotetoyourselforwriteitdown.______17______Keepafeelingjournal.______18______Writingaboutyourfeelingsisawaytoexpressthem.Youcanalsomakeart,writepoetry,orposemusicthatcapturesanemotionyoufeel.___19___Payattentiontowhattheartistdidtoshowthosefeelings.Howdoyoufeelinresponse?Themoreyouareawareofyouremotions,themoretheyhelpyouknowyourselfandunderstandthepeoplearoundyou.Noticingandtalkingaboutfeelingsisahealthywaytoexpressthem.______20______A.Buildyouremotionalvocabulary.B.Isthefeelingmild,medium,orstrong?C.Itkeepsdifficultfeelingsfrombuildingup.D.Noticefeelingsinart,songs,andmovies.E.StartbyjustnoticingdifferentemotionsasyoufeelthemF.Takeafewminuteseachdaytowriteabouthowyoufeelandwhy.G.Evenemotionsweconsider“negative”cangiveusinsightintoourselvesandothers.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．Iwokeuptorainloudlyhittingmywindow．Itwasthemost______21______alarmI'vehadthisschoolyear．Weekendsaremyonlychancetosleepin,butIcouldn't．Mybrainwas______22______andfullofideas,soIfinallydecidedtogetupandfinishmyEnglish______23______homework．Idrovetoanearbycoffeeshopandbeganmyobservationprocess,______24______notesonwhatwashappening．WhenI______25______overattheparkinglot,anelderlycoupleinacarcaughtmy____26____．Afterparkinginthehandicappedspace,anoldwoman______27______onthepassengersideandslowlywalkedovertohelpher______28______husbandoutofthecar．Theyenteredtheshopholdinghandstogether．Immediatelytheysatdownatthetablebyme,anothercar______29______intheparkinglot,withallfourwindowsrolleddown．The_______30_______drivingithadturnedtheirspeakersupsohighthatIcould________31________theirmusicinsidethecoffeeshop．Buttheywerenotbadkids．Allofthemwere________32________movingtheirhandsandbodiestothe________33________．Theyweresoyoungand________34________,witheasilyspreadsmiles．Aseriesof________35________fliedfrommymind,rangingfromphotoswithmyfamilytothemostrecentdinnerwithmyhostdad．Icouldnotstop________36________peoplewhohavebeenbymysidefrommyearliestmemories．Iwatchedraindropsslidedownthewindowand________37________witheachothertoformbiggerdropsofwater．_____38_____tolifeintherealworld,everyoneisdifferent,butwhetherfriendsor________39________,weareallstillpartofthesamegroupmankind．Whenhavingaconflict（冲突）orholdastereotype（刻板印象）againstapersonoragroupofpeople,weshouldtakeastepback,look________40________andtrytounderstandothersbeforemakingajudgment．21.A.regular B.natural C.physical D.mental22.A.alert B.awake C.aware D.unique23.A.performance B.standard C.consideration D.observation24.A.settingaside B.settingdown C.settingout D.settingup25.A.glanced B.stared C.called D.glared26.A.attention B.support C.respect D.attraction27.A.lookedout B.gotout C.ranout D.foundout28.A.deaf B.blind C.disabled D.dumb29.A.appeared B.crashed C.returned D.faded30.A.pupils B.teenagers C.passengers D.speakers31.A.hear B.feel C.sense D.realize32.A.even B.still C.just D.ever33.A.guitar B.piano C.band D.music34.A.considerate B.happy C.upset D.down35.A.memories B.fames C.scenes D.beauties36.A.fancying B.remembering C.impressing D.educating37.A.bine B.deal C.pare D.pete38.A.Contrary B.Similar C.Devoted D.Close39.A.volunteers B.petitors C.partners D.enemies40.A.quickly B.passively C.carefully D.permanently第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ItcanbeeasytomissthewonderfulperformancesofKlayThompsonifyouwatchattheGoldenStateWarriors(金州勇士)teamintheNBA.NBAMostValuablePlayersStephenCurryandKevinDuranttend______41______(get)mostoftheattention,whileAndreIguadola______42______(watch)closelyaswell.ButthenThompson,26,doessomethingtomakeyousuddenlyrememberhowspecialheis,too.His60pointgameagainstIndianaonDec.5wasanexcellentgamein______43______hasalreadybeenanamazingseason.Scoring60______44______(point)inagameisonething,andithasonlyhappened66timesinthehistoryoftheNBA.Buttodoitinlessthanthreequartersofplay—29minutes—______45______(be)somethingveryspecialindeed.Even______46______(hard)tobelievewasthefactthatThompsononlydribbled(运球)theball11timesandhelditinhishandforjust88secondsduring______47______wholegame."IamgoingtowatchthetapeofthisgameandseewhatIdidwelland______48______(obvious)celebratethistonight,becauseit'ssomethingIneverthoughtIcoulddowhile______49______(grow)up,"Thompsontoldreportersafterthegame.KlayThompsonalreadyknewalotaboutbasketballearlyinhislife.HisfatherMychalThompson,the1978No1overallpick(选秀状元)inNBA,hadalotofinfluence_______50_______himwhilehewasgrowingup.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．DearEric,IamLiHua.Iamwrittentoinviteyoutojointhetabletennisteaminourschool.Asisknownthatwecanbenefitalotofplayingtabletennis.Itcanpreventourselvesfromgettingshortsightedbutitcankeepusphysicallyhealthy.Astotheactivities,weplannedtoinviteexperiencedplayerstogivetrainingtousoneveryFridayafternoon.Atthesametime,wewilldividethememberintoseveralgroupstopracticeat5:00pmafterschool.Ifyouareinteresting,signuponourschoolwebsitebeforeAugust10th.I'mlookingforwardtoreceiveyourreply.YoursLiHua第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你的加拿大朋友John要来上海学习，正在准备汉语水平考试（HSK）。他来信向你咨询学习汉语的建议，请给他回信，内容包括：1．表示欢迎；2．提出建议；3．表达祝愿。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourstruly,LiHua豫南九校20202021学年上期第四次联考高二英语试题（答案）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项．AEdinburghistheworld'sfestivalcity．Thereare12festivalsthroughouttheyear,halfofwhicharecelebratedduringthemonthsofJulyandAugust．ThousandsofpeoplevisittheScottishcapitalduringthesummer．Herearesomeoftheeventstheycanenjoy:TheEdinburghInternationalFestivalThisistheoriginalEdinburghfestivalwhichbeganin1947．Actors,musicians,dancersandoperasingersfromallovertheworldperformtohugeaudiences．Youneedticketsformosteventswhichtakeplaceintheatresaroundthecity．TheEdinburghFestivalFringe（艺穗芳）Thisisthelargestartsfestivalintheworldwiththousandsofshowstakingplaceacrossthecity．Morethan20,000artiststakepart,asthefestivalisopentoanyone．Visitorscanchoosefromahugevarietyofacts．JointhousandsofvisitorsandlocalsattheRoyalMileEdinburgh'smainstreet,towatchallkindsofperformersandshows．TheEdinburghInternationalBookFestivalThelargestbookfestivalintheworldbeganin1983andtakesplaceeveryyearinCharlotteSquareGardens,inthecentreofEdinburgh．Therearemorethan700eventsforchildrenandadultswholovebooks．Youcanmeetmanyauthors,talktothem,askthemtosignabookorlistentothemtalkabouttheirstories．Childrencanlistentostoriesandwatchillustrators（插画家）drawpictures．TheEdinburghJazzandBluesFestivalMusicloversetothisfestivaltoenjoymusicshowsaroundthecity．Oneofthehighlights（精彩部分）ofthismusicaleventisthestreetcarnivalwhichisfreetoall．Artistsperformstreettheatre,danceandcircusshowsinamazingcostumes,andeveryonecanjoininthedancing．1.WhatcanpeopledoattheEdinburghInternationalFestival?A.Meetmanyauthorsandtalktothem． B.Experiencethestreetcarnival．C.Buyticketstowatchperformances． D.Getactorsandmusicians'signatures．2.Whichoneisthelargestartsfestivalintheworld?A.TheEdinburghInternationalFestival． B.TheEdinburghFestivalFringe．C.TheEdinburghInternationalBookFestival． D.TheEdinburghJazzandBluesFestival．3.What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceafewEdinburgh'sevents． B.TotellreadersaboutEdinburgh．C.Tosharegoodfeelingswithreaders． D.Toshowushowtocelebrateimportantfestivals．【答案】1.C2.B3.ABJosephBankswasbornon13February1743inLondon．Hispassionforbotanybeganatschool．From1760to1763hestudiedatOxfordUniversity,duringwhichtimehereceivedagreatdealoffortune．In1766BankstraveledtoNewfoundlandandLabrador,collectingplantandotherspecimens（标本）．ThesameyearhewaselectedafellowoftheRoyalSociety．In1768hejoinedtheSociety'sexpedition,ledbyCaptainJamesCook,toexploretheunchartedlandsoftheSouthPacific．Theexpeditioncircumnavigated（环航）theglobeandvisitedSouthAmerica,Tahiti,NewZealand,AustraliaandJava．Bankscollectedagreatnumberofspecimensonthewayand,onhisreturn,hisscientificaccountofthevoyageanditsdiscoveriessparkedconsiderableinterestacrossEurope．Bankswasinterestedinplantsthatcouldbeusedforpracticalpurposesandbeintroducedintoothercountriesforpossiblemercialuse．AfterhebecamepresidentoftheRoyalSocietyin1778hepromotedthecareerofmanyscientistsandinhiscapacityasdirectoroftheRoyalBotanicGardensatKew,sentmanybotanistsabroadtofindnewplantsandextendtheGardens'collection．In1781Bankswasmadeabaronet（准男爵）,andin1795receivedtheorderofKnightmanderoftheBath;twoyearslaterhewasadmittedtothePrivyCouncil（枢密院）．In1793hisnamewasgiventotheBanksIslands,avolcanicgroupofislandsnearVanuatuinthePacific．ThesewereexploredandnamedbyCaptainBlighBankshadhelpedarrangeapreviousexpeditionofBligh's．Banksdiedon19June1820．4.PleasechoosethecorrectorderaboutwhathappenedtoJoseBanks．a．HereceivedtheorderofKnightmanderoftheBath．b．Hesentmanybotanistsabroadtofindnewplants．c．HejoinedtheSociety'sexpedition．d．HeelectedafellowoftheRoyalSociety．A.c,d,a,b B.d,c,b,a C.d,b,c,a D.c,d,b,a5.Theunderlinedword"sparked"inParagraph2probablymeans_______________．A.showed B.amused C.caused D.declared6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJosephBanks?A.Adventurous． B.Humorous． C.Demanding． D.Skeptical．7.WhywashisnamegiventotheBanksIslandsin1793?A.Becausehevisitedtheislands．B.BecausehewasadmittedtothePrivyCouncil．C.BecausehehadcloserelationshipwithCaptainBligh．D.BecausehehadhelpedarrangeapreviousexpeditionofBligh's．【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.DCArchitecturalhistorycantakeyouthroughtheevolutionofthosestructuresthatservedasamarktoremotecivilizations,liketheEgyptiansandtheirarchitecture,reflectedinpyramids,tombs,andmanyotherancientbuildingsalongtheNileRiver．Infact,thefirstbigarchitecturaldesignrecordedinhistorywastheworkofImhotep,Egyptianhighpriest（主教）,whodesignedandbuilttheplex（综合建筑群）thattookthenameofhisking,betweentheyears2630to2611BC．Ruinsofthemostvariedarchitecturespeakforthemselvesaboutthemostvariedcivilizations,traditions,andbeliefsaroundtheworld．Withoutarchitecture,thehistoryofmankindwouldbeinplete．Manysurvivingbuildingsoftheancientworldareexamplesofthegreatthingsthatarchitecturecandofortheworld．Amongthem,wecannametheGreatPyramid,listedasoneofthesevenwondersoftheancientworld,andthegreatWallofChina,builtbetweentheyears221to206BC．Astimepassed,allbuildingsanddesignsbegantotakespecialcharacteristics,beingsymbolsofdifferenterasidentifiedasarchitecturalstyles．InancientGreece,wherebuildingsseemedtoalwaysbethesame,therewerethreetypesofcolumnstoidentifyeachperiodoftime．TheRomansinheritedfromtheGreeksmostoftheirtraditions,beliefs,andcustoms,includingarchitecture,buttheyalsodevelopedtheirown．Architecturalhistorywasinfluencedbyartistic,economic,politic,andsocioculturaleventsthroughoutthecenturies,andEuropebecamethecradle（摇篮）ofmanywellknownarchitectsintheyearsfollowingthefalloftheRomanEmpire．Astimepasses,theactualarchitecturediffersinshape,materials,constructionmethods,anddesigninggoals,buttheworkofthearchitectswillcontinueforgenerationstoe．8.Whomadethefirstbigarchitecturaldesignrecordedinhistory?A.Chinese B.Indians C.Egyptians D.British9.What'sthefunctionofruinsofthearchitectureaccordingtothepassage?A.Theygivetouristschancestovisitthem．B.Theyhelptosatisfytheneedsofhouses．C.Theycanbringinagreatdealofmoneyforthelocalpeople．D.Theyrepresentdifferentcultivations,traditions,andbeliefsthereandthen．10.WhydoesthewritermentiontheGreatPyramid?A.Toshowitsstrength B.TotellusitsimportanceC.Toshowitsspecialstyle D.Toprovethefunctionofarchitecture11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Architecturalhistorywasonlyinfluencedbyeconomicandpoliticevents．B.TheRomanEmpirewasthecradleoffamousarchitectsearlierthanEurope．C.Theactualarchitectureremainsthesameinshape,materialanddesigninggoals．D.EuropewasthecradleoffamousarchitectsearlierthantheRomanEmpire．【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.BDAmericanresearcherssaytheyhavefoundthestrongestlinkyetbetweenozonepollutionanddamagetohealth.Theirfindingsshowthatshorttermincreasesinozoneleadtohigherdeathratesincities.Ozoneisaformofoxygen.ThegasisproducednaturallyintheupperatmospheretoprotecttheEarthagainstradiationfromthesun.Buthumanactivitycanalsocreateozoneintheloweratmosphere.Gassesfromvehiclesandindustryreactwithsunlighttoformthisozone.Levelsusuallyincreaseinthewarmermonths.Ozoneisthemainchemicalinsmog,theairpollutionthatisabinationoffogandsmoke.Ozonehasbeenlinkedtoheartandlungproblemsespecially,andtohigherratesofhospitalcases.ResearchersfromYaleUniversityandJohnsHopkinsUniversitydidthestudy.MichelleBellofYalewastheleadresearcher.TheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationpublishedtheresults.Theresearcherscollectedinformationon95Americancities.Thesecontainabout40%ofthenationalpopulation.Thestudypareddeathsratestoozonelevelsbetween1987and2000.Theresearchsuggeststhatevenasmallincreaseinozone,tenpartsperthousandmillion,canleadtohigherdeathratesthefollowingweek.Thestudyfoundthattheaveragedailynumberofdeathsrosepointfivepercent.Heartandlungrelateddeathsrosepointsixpercent.Anddeathsamongolderpeoplerosepointsevenpercent.Thestudyisoneofthelargesteverdoneofozoneanddeathrates.Theresearchersnotethatozoneiswidespreadinth