承包商安全管理和工厂的作业许可制度

Preparedby:DannyWongContractorSafetyManagementandPermittoworkatSite

承包商安全管理和工厂的作业许可制度3/17/20241Contents:

目录

KeyPointsinContractorSafetyManagementProcedure

承包商安全管理程序的要点Selectionofcontractors 承包商的选择Evaluatingthecontractors 承包商的评估Controllingcontractors 承包商的管控TypeofHighRiskActivitiesonsite 工厂内高危作业的种类SitePermittoworkandProceduresrelatingtosafetyatwork.

工厂的作业许可制度和安全作业的相关程序Permittocommentwork 评估工作许可制度Hotworkpermit 动火作业许可制度Workingatheightpermit 高处作业许可制度EntrytoConfinedSpacepermit 有限空间作业许可制度ContractorusageofChemicalonsite 承包商在厂区内使用化学品的管理PermitforliftingusingCrane 起重设备的使用许可HighVoltageElectricalWorkPermit 高压作业许可制度3/17/20242CONTRACTORSSAFETYMANAGEMENT承包商安全管理Corporate-ContractorSafetyManagement总部-承包商安全管理Riskassessmentoftheworktobeperformedtoidentifyandmitigatepotentialhazards. 通过风险评估确定并减轻潜在的危险。EvaluationofthecontractortoconfirmcapabilitiestoadequatelyaddressEHSrequirements. 评估承包商的能力以确保其满足安全环保的要求。Siteinductionofcontractors. 工厂对于承包商的引入。MonitoringofcontractorperformancetoconfirmthatworkisbeingcarriedouttotheagreedRiskAssessment,methodstatementsand/orstandards. 监督承包商的施工以确定作业在已经确认的风险评估、工作方法陈述或标准下开展。EachsiteneedtoimplementaSiteSpecificContractorSafetyManagementProcedureorProgramtoensurecompliancetotherequirementsstatedinthiscorporateprocedure. 每个工厂都必须实施各自的承包商安全管理程序以保证符合总部程序的要求。Theprocessforcontractorsafetymanagementmustbefollowed,whichincludesfourkeyobjectives: 承包商安全管理程序必须严格执行，包含了以下四点：3/17/20243KeyDefinition主要定义ProjectOwner:ReferstoHi-Phost,projectcoordinator,projectmanagerandanyHi-Pstaffoverseeingaprojectdonebycontractor.项目责任人：指赫比的项目协调人、项目经理或者其他监督承包商施工的赫比员工。Contractor:AnindividualorcompanycontractedtoperformworkforHi-P,butisneitheraHi-Pworkernoratemporaryworker.

承包商：非赫比员工或临时工的，与赫比签订协议进入施工的个人或公司。Sub-contractor:Anindividualorcompanywhohasacontractualrelationshipwith,andisworkingunderthedirectionof,acontractortocarryoutallorpartofacontractenteredintobyHi-Pandthecontractor.转包商：拥有与赫比和承包商签订全部或部分劳动合同进行承包作业个人或公司TemporaryWorker:Anindividualhiredthroughanagencyoranotheremployertoperformservicesfor,andunderthedirectionof,aHi-Pemployeeforaspecifiedperiodoftime.临时工：通过中介机构或其他雇主从事服务的个人，临时进入赫比的员工。Hi-PContact:AHi-Presourcewhoisappointedtocoordinatetheinteractionbetweenthecontractoractivitiesandthenormalsiteoperationsor,inthecaseofnewfacilityconstruction,withtheCorporateRealEstateorganization.ThisindividualshouldnormallybetheHi-PInternationalLimitedpartywhoinitiatedthecontractoranappointedprojectcoordinator.赫比联络人：负责与承包商沟通、协调，并将工程的进展向管理层汇报的员工。3/17/20244SiteManagement-ThoseseniormanagerswithcollectiveexecutiveresponsibilityforsiteactivitiesandwhocarrylegalaccountabilityasofficersofHi-Pforsafetyandenvironmentalcomplianceonthesite.Thetermdoesnotincludemanagersandexecutiveswhomaybebasedatthesite,butwhoseresponsibilitiesdonotrelatedirectlytoactivitiesonthesite.现场管理—高级管理人员应对现场作业监督管理，确保承包商符合赫比的安全环境政策。Hi-P-ControlledPremises-ThosepremisesorpartsofpremisesoccupiedandmanagedbyHi-Poritssubsidiarycompanies,andforwhichHi-PSiteManagementisheldaccountableforsafetyandenvironmentalcomplianceassociatedwiththeactivitiesonthepremises.Thetermdoesnotincludepremisessuchasaccommodationdormitoriesandwarehousesthatareoccupiedandoperatedbythird-partycompaniesunlessthemanagementofactivitiesinthosepremisesisbeingundertakenbyathirdpartyonbehalfofHi-PthroughadirectcontractualagreementbetweenHi-Pandthethirdparty,wherebythecontractualagreementwouldresultinHi-Pretainingliabilityinlawforsafetyandenvironmentalcomplianceonthepremises

KeyDefinition主要定义3/17/20245ContractorSafeWorkingPlan-AwrittenContractorSafeWorkingPlanwillnormallyberequiredforcomplexprojectshavingmultiplehigh-riskelements.承包商的安全工作计划—承包商的书面安全工作计划，通常包含多个高风险因素的复杂项目。AContractorSafeWorkingPlanisawrittendescriptionofhowtheprojectistobecompletedinasafemanner,andwillincludedetailedandclearresponsibilitiesforsafetymanagementandsupervisionduringtheproject.承包商安全工作计划是一份书面说明项目是如何以一种安全的方式完成，将包括在项目的安全管理和监督的详细和明确的责任。ProjectsrequiringawrittenContractorSafeWorkingPlantypicallyinvolveavarietyofcontractorsandsubcontractorsandmayinvolvemultipleapplicationsofseveraltypesofpotentiallyhazardousworkactivitiesandthoseworkswithoutapermittoworksysteminplace.Suchasexcavationworkandroofworketc.项目需要承包商的书面安全工作计划通常涉及承包商和分包商的种类，可能涉及多种应用的潜在危险的作业。如挖掘工作和屋顶等工作Typically,theprimecontractorwillmanageandsupervisesafetyandenvironmentalissuesduringthecontract.SuchaprimecontractorwillberequiredtopreparethewrittenContractorSafeWorkingPlanfortheprojectandmayalsotakeonspecificdefinedresponsibilitiesforthemanagementofsafetyofsubcontractorsonsite.通常情况下，主要承包商将管理和监督安全和环境问题。这样的主要承包商将需要准备的书面的工程安全工作计划，具体确定了现场的分包商的安全管理责任。KeyDefinition主要定义3/17/20246HigherRiskServicesorProjectsincludeoneormoreofthefollowingworkifthereisnopermittoworksysteminplaceatsite以下作业属于高危作业Excavation.挖掘Roofwork.屋顶上作业Confinedspaceentry.有限空间作业Electricalwork.电气作业Externalbuildingcleaning,chemicalcleaning,fumigation,andpainting.建筑物外的清洁、化学清洁、熏蒸和粉刷Extensivehotwork.动火作业Majorliftingoperationsusingmobilecranes,etc.起重作业Anyworkwhichinvolvestheerectionofscaffolding.脚手架上的作业Handling,disposalormodificationofanybuilding,plant,orequipmentthatis,orcouldpossiblybe,contaminatedbyleadorasbestos.可能使用石墨、石棉的建筑、工厂、设施改造Watertreatmentoperations.(WaterTankCleaning)水处理操作WorkonequipmentthatinvolvessignificantEHSrisk.其他包含EHS风险的作业KeyDefinition主要定义3/17/20247TheSiteContractorSafetyManagementProgrammustincludeastructure3stepsprocessofContractorSelection,EvaluationandControlofContractorWork.工厂的承包商管理必须包含以下三个步骤，供应商选择、评估、施工管理Selection挑选ProjectownernotifycontractorofHi-P’sEHSrequirements.项目主管提交符合要求的承包商Projectownerrequestforcontractorsafetyevaluationform(SampleAttachment1).要求承包商填写安全评估表Projectownercollectsafetyevaluationformfromcontractor.回收评估表EHS&Projectownertoreviewthesafetyevaluationform.EHS和项目主管评审评估表Iftheworkhasmultiplehigh-riskoperations,contractormustsubmitdetailedSafetyWorkplan.(SampleAttachment2)如果施工包含多种高危作业，承包商必须提供详细的工作计划ForprojectsthatdonotrequiredadetailedSafetyWorkplan,acompleteRiskAssessment(SampleAttachment3)onalltheworkinvolvedshallbesubmittedforreviewandapprovebyEHSandProjectOwnerpriortothestartoftheprojectorwork.对于不要求提供详细的安全工作计划，该项目启动前必须由EHS和主管进行完整的风险评估Undertheevaluation,ifthecontractordeemcapableofperformingthejobsafely,Purchasingwillgetcontractortoacknowledgeonthe“StandardrulesandconditionsforcontractorsonEHS”whichincludeHi-PEHSPolicy(SampleAttachment4)beforeissuanceofpurchaseorder.根据评估结果，如果认为承包商能安全施工，采购部将会在签订协议前发给承包商EHS的要求包括赫比EHS方针Iftheworkhasnohigh-riskoperation,Purchasingwillgetcontractortoacknowledgeonthe"standardrulesandconditionsforcontractorsonEHS'whichincludeHi-PEHSPolicy(SampleAttachment4)beforeissuanceofpurchaseorder.如果工作没有高风险的操作，采购部将会在签订协议前发给承包商EHS的要求包括赫比EHS方针CONTRACTORSSAFETYMANAGEMENT承包商安全管理3/17/20248Evaluation评估TheprojectownerwilluseContractorSafetyPerformanceReport(SampleAttachment7)toassesscontractorperformanceuponcompletionofprojectorannually.项目主管需要每年根据承包商的表现完成安全表现报告Iftheperformanceissatisfactory,Purchasingwillupdateintothelistofapprovedcontractor.如果表现是令人满意的，采购部门会把它加入认可的承包商清单中Iftheperformanceisunsatisfactory,thecontractorwillbeadvisedtoimproveortheywillberemovedfromthecontractor-approvedlist.如果其表现无法令人满意，那他们会被建议改善，并从清单中移除Control管控TheprojectowneroftheselectedcontractorwillconductbriefingusingContractorEHSBriefing(SampleAttachment5)andobtainapprovalbeforecommencementofwork.选择承包商的主管应在开工前提交承包商EHS简报并获得批准ContractorwillneedtosubmitContractorstools,equipment,chemicalsandcompetentpersondeclarationform(SampleAttachment8)priortostartofwork.承包商在开工前需要提供他们使用的工具、设备、化学品的情况并且完成声明ProjectownerconductregularinspectiononcontractorusingContractorEHSInspectionChecklist.(SampleAttachment6)主管应使用EHS承包商检查表对其经行检查Ifanydiscrepancyduringtheinspection,theProjectownerwillnotifycontractortorectify.如果发现施工中出现问题，主管应及时责令改正Theprojectownerwilltrackthediscrepancyforclosure.主管应跟踪问题直到问题关闭CONTRACTORSSAFETYMANAGEMENT承包商安全管理3/17/20249

UnderAttachment1,ContractorSafetyEvaluationForm,ifWORKisevaluatedas“Highrisk”,如果作业被评估为高危作业ProjectOwnerensurethatContractorisontheApprovedContractorList主管要确认承包商在认可的清单内ProjectOwnerneedtoensurethatthecontractorhadacknowledgedthe“StandardRulesandConditionsforContractors”(Attach4)aspartoftheRFP.(RequestforProposals)ThecontractorwillsignandreturntheserulesandconditionstoSeagate.确认承包商认可了对承包商的要求并签字确认交给工厂ProjectOwnerwillensurethataWorkRiskAssessmenttobeconductedandthecontractoragreedandfollowedduringtheperiodofworkinSeagatepremises.在承包商施工前进行风险评估，经与承包商达成一致ProjectOwnerwillcollectalloutstandingdocumentsbeforecontractorcancommencework.在承包商施工前收集所有相关的文件ProjectOwnerwillconducttheContractorEHSInduction(Attach5).传达EHS入场须知ProjectOwnerwillensureregularinspection(Attach6)isconductedtowhichEHSrequirementshavebeendefined.Thefrequencyofmonitoringisdependentuponthehazardassociatedwiththeworkbutatleastoncepriortothestartofprojectatsite.检查承包商的作业是否符合EHS要求，检查的频率与工作的危险程度相关Uponcompletionofproject/job,projectOwnerwillassessthecontractorperformanceorconducttheassessmentatleastonceayear.(Attach7)施工完成后，主管至少一年填写一次安全表现报告HighRisk(Single)高危作业CONTRACTORSSAFETYMANAGEMENT承包商安全管理3/17/202410

IfWORKFALLSunder“uniquehazards”(i.e.,involvesmultiplecontractors/subcontractorsoronecontractorperformingworkthathasmultiple“highrisks”andnotcontrolbyPermitsystem),thecontractortosubmita‘ContractorSafetyWorkPlan’thataddressestherequirementsintheRFP.TheProjectOwnerandsiteEHSwillassesstheadequacyofthesafeworkingplanbeforeselectingthecontractor.如果工作有特殊危害，承包商需要提供安全施工计划作为标书的一部分。项目主管和EHS对计划进行评估，评估其计划是否适当ProjectOwnerensurethatContractorisontheApprovedContractorList主管要确认承包商在认可的清单内ProjectOwnerneedtoensurethatthecontractorhadacknowledgedthe“StandardRulesandConditionsforContractors”(Attach4)aspartoftheRFP.(RequestforProposals)ThecontractorwillsignandreturntheserulesandconditionstoSeagate.确认承包商认可了对承包商的要求并签字确认交给工厂ProjectOwnerwillensurethataWorkRiskAssessmenttobeconductedandthecontractoragreedandfollowedduringtheperiodofworkinSeagatepremises.在承包商施工前进行风险评估，经与承包商达成一致ProjectOwnerwillcollectalloutstandingdocumentsbeforecontractorcancommencework.在承包商施工前收集所有相关的文件ProjectOwnerwillconducttheContractorEHSInduction(Attach5).传达EHS入场须知ProjectOwnerwillensureregularinspection(Attach6)isconductedtowhichEHSrequirementshavebeendefined.Thefrequencyofmonitoringisdependentuponthehazardassociatedwiththeworkbutatleastoncepriortothestartofprojectatsite.检查承包商的作业是否符合EHS要求，检查的频率与工作的危险程度相关Uponcompletionofproject/job,projectOwnerwillassessthecontractorperformanceorconducttheassessmentatleastonceayear.(Attach7)施工完成后，主管至少一年填写一次安全表现报告(MultipleHighRiskwithNoPermittoWorkSystemasControl)如包含多种高危作业CONTRACTORSSAFETYMANAGEMENT承包商安全管理3/17/202411OTHERREQUIREMENTS其他要求PurchasingwillkeepanupdatedlistofApprovedContractors.(Attach7–ContractorSafetyPerformanceReportisrequiredtoensurecontractorsmeettherequirements)采购部门经常更新认可承包商的最新名单。ProjectOwnerorPurchasingwillsendouttheContractorSafetyEvaluationForm(Attach1)toalltheselistedandapprovedcontractors.Thecontractorwillfillupalltheparticularsrequiredandshallreturnbacktheformsviafacsimile/mailtoPurchasingorprojectownersforevaluationbyEHS/Facilities/ProjectOwner)项目主管或采购部门会发出承包商的安全性评价表。承包商将填写所有必要的细节，并通过传真/邮件形式发给采购或项目主管由EHS/设施部/项目部主管评审。ForapprovedcontractorsaslistedbyPurchasing(existingvendors),ProjectOwnerwillberequiredtosubmittheContractorSafetyPerformanceReport(attach7)annuallyanditshallbereviewedbyPurchasingDept.PurchasingmayconsultEHS/Securitywhereapplicable.对于经批准的供应商，由项目主管每年提交承包商的安全表现报告采购部审查，有必要的话可以同EHS/安保部门商议。CONTRACTORSSAFETYMANAGEMENT承包商安全管理3/17/202412PERMITTOWORKSYSTEMANDCHECKLIST准入制度和检查表HighRiskServicesorProjectswillusuallyinvolvedworkwherebyclosersupervisionandstricterrequirementsneedtobeenforceonsite.高危作业需要有专人监督，并严格执行工厂的要求Suchworkoroperationwillrequireapermittoworksysteminplaceonsite.这样的作业需要执行工厂的许可证制度ThefollowingPermitispracticeonsiteandneedtobeusedtoverifytheworkandApprovedbytheCompetentparties.下面的许可需要由相关部门核实、批准HotWorkPermit动火WorkingatHeightandUsingofScaffoldPermit脚手架上的高处作业EntrytoConfinedSpacePermit有限空间作业ContractorUsageofChemicalonSite使用化学品LiftingwithCranePermit使用起重机HighVoltageElectricalWorkPermit高压作业CONTRACTORSSAFETYMANAGEMENT承包商安全管理3/17/202413HotWorkApproverTraining动火制度培训GoalsandObjectives:目的和目标Attheendofthissessionyouwill:本次培训结束后你将会：BefamiliarwiththeHotWorkPermitSystem.了解动火许可制度RecognizeworkthatrequirestheuseofHotWorkPermits.了解相关的要求Recognizethetypeofhazardsrelatingtohotwork.了解其危害的种类PPERequirementPPE的要求BasicFireFightingSkill 基本的灭火技巧Passaquizwithascoreof100%. 用100%的成绩通过测试TobecertifiedasaHotWorkApprover 有能力审批动火申请HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202415WhatisHotWork?什么是动火作业？

HotWorkisanyworkusingopenflamesorsources

ofheatthatcouldignitematerialsintheworkarea. 动火作业是使用明火或其他热源，可能引燃作业区域物体的作业PurposeofHotWorkPermit.该制度的目的ToestablishsafeOperatingProceduresforcutting,elding,solderingorbrazingatSeagatefacilities.

建立安全操作的程序来管理动火作业HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202416TheHotWorkProcedures动火作业的程序TheRequestorshallapplyforthehotworkpermitbyfillingintheapplicationform.申请人需要填写申请单来提出动火申请MakearrangementstoconductjointsiteinspectionwiththeAuthorizedapproverandContractororemployeewhoisgoingtocarryoutthehotwork.

安排专人对动火作业的现场进行检查Usethechecklistinthepermitasguidelinestocheckonthecontractororemployee.以检查表为准则，检查承包商和作业人员

HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202417Permitsareissuedforthespecificjobbeingdone,andforaspecifictimeperiod.Thetimeperiodisusuallyfortheworkingshift,butmayneverexceedtwenty-fourhours. 许可是针对特定时间内的特定作业的，通常为一班的工作时间，但不会超过24小时TheRequestor,HotWorkApproverorJobCoordinatorhastheresponsibilitytoverifythatallnecessaryprecautionshavebeentakenattheworksite. 申请人、批准人或协调人有责任核实安全措施是否落实Weldingandotherhotworkhavebeenfoundtobemajorcausesofindustrialfires.Sprinklersystemsorotherdetectingsystemmustremaininserviceinthehotworkarea,unlessspecificallyapprovedbytheEHSDepartment. 焊接和其他动火作业是已经发现工业火灾的主要原因。工作区的自动喷水灭火系统或其他检测系统必须开启，除非EHS部门批准。HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202418Whatarethemostcriticalitemstocheck:什么是最关键的部分

FireProtectionSystemserviceabilityandavailability.(Smokedetector/Sprinkler)消防系统的适用性和可用性。（烟感/喷淋）Storage,placementofcombustible,flammable.易燃易爆品的储存Incompatibleworkincludingadjacentcompartment.与现有工作有无抵触Firewatchpersonpresentthroughoutwiththerighttypeoffireextinguisher.现场有监火人，配备正确的灭火器Flammableandpressuredgastobepurged.附近没有可燃气体和高压气体。

Aflashbackarrestorthatisacceptableshallbefittedinaccordancewithmanufacturer’sinstructionsateverypressureregulatoroutletofeachcylinder.需在每个气瓶的压力调节器口安装回火防止器Asuitablecheckvalve,non-returnvalveorsimilardevicewhichpreventsthebackflowofgasintothehoseshouldbefittedbetweeneachtorchinletandgashose,inaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions需按照制造商的说明安装单向阀，止回阀或类似的装置，防止气体回流Fireblanketforshielding,containmentofsparks.可以使用灭火毯来扑灭较小的火AvailabilityofPersonalProtectiveEquipmentforHotWork.佩戴相应的PPEHotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202419Shouldotherprecautionsfail,trainedpersonnelwillbeneededtoextinguishanyincipientfireswithfirefightingequipment.Personnelandequipmentmustbereadilyavailablebeforethepermitisissued.如果其他预防措施没有阻止火势，那么受过培训的人员用消防设备扑灭火灾。人员和设备发出之前必须获得许可。Whoisthetrainedpersonneltoperformtheabovework?谁是经过训练来完成以上工作的？AppointedFirewatchman 监火人HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202420

FireWatchPersonnelmustnotbedoingotherjobswhichdistracthimfromhisprimaryresponsibility.监火人禁止在期间参与其他工作FireWatchPersonnelmustbetrainedtousefireextinguishmentmediaprovided. 必须经过灭火器使用的培训FireWatchPersonnelmustbeawareofhowtoreportemergenciesandemergencyevacuationandresponseprocedures. 必须知道如何报告紧急事件，知道紧急疏散和紧急相应程序FireWatchPersonnelmustbeidentifiedbeforepermitsareissued. 在许可签发之前必须确定监火人Firewatchwillbeprovidedduringandforatleast30minutesafterwork,andduringanycoffeeorlunchbreaks. 工作结束后监火人至少要观察30mins，休息时间和用餐时间也不例外TheRoleofFireWatchman

监火人的任务HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202421Beforebeginninganyhotwork,askyourselfiftheworkcanbe

doneasaferway.Hotworkisaveryhazardousoperationandshouldbe

avoidedwhenthereisasaferalternative.动火作业开始前应该思考是否有更安全的方法，动火有着很高的风险，如果有更好的方法应该避免使用Otherconsiderations其他注意事项HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度NecessaryPrecautions必要的防范CANTHEJOBBEAVOIDED?动火可以避免吗？ISTHEREASAFERWAY?还有其他更安全的方法吗？3/17/202422Examplesofhotworkare:动火作业包含以下Welding焊接Burning燃烧Brazing铜焊propanesoldering丙烷焊接oxyacetylenecutting氧乙炔切割grindingferrousmetals金属打磨Anysparksandheatgeneratingoperations.其他引发火星或者热源的操作HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/2024231)Allgasweldingequipmentandconnectionsmustbekeptfreefromgreaseandoil.(Oxygenwillexplodeuponcontactwithoilorgrease.)Oilyorgreasyglovesmayresultinthesameeffect.所有的气焊设备必须远离油脂，沾满油污手套也会引起燃烧、爆炸2)Cylindersmustbestoredandusedintheupright,position.Donotrollcylindersontheirsides.Donotcarryorhoistcylindersunlesstheyareproperlyslung.气瓶必须直立放置，禁止滚动，除非适当的挂起，否则不要提起气瓶3)Allcylinders,capped,uncapped,emptyorfull,mustbesecuredfromfallingalltimes.任何时候都必须防止气瓶倒下4)Blowoutcylindervalvecouplingsbybrieflyopeningeachcylindervalvepriortoattachingtheregulator.Performthisoperationinawellventilatedarea.Donotusecompressedairtoblowoutvalvesastheairmaycontainoil.阀门在打开前要在通风良好的地方调整好。不要使用压缩空气吹出阀，空气可能含有油。5)Cleanthetorchtipbeforelighting.Usesparkgunandnotcigarettelighters.使用前清洁枪口，不要用来点烟6)Positionmaterialstopreventsparksandhotmetalfromcontactingthehosesorotherpersons.调整材料的位置，以防止其他人因接触软管或溅到火花和铁水。7)Afterworkiscompletedturncylindervalvesoff.Surveytheworkareatoascertainthatnohotitemsremainthatcouldresultinfirebreakout.作业结束后关闭阀门，检查周围有没有可能导致火灾的残留火种8)Aflashbackarrestorthatisapprovedshallbefittedinaccordancewithmanufacturer’sinstructionsateverypressureregulatoroutletofeachcylinder.回火防止器可以按照制造商的说明安装在气瓶的阀门口9)Asuitablecheckvalve,non-returnvalveorsimilardevicewhichpreventsthebackflowofgasintothehoseshouldbefittedbetweeneachtorchinletandgashose,inaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions可以安装制造商的说明安装单向阀，止回阀或类似的装置，防止气体回流GASWELDING/BRAZING/CUTTING

气焊/铜焊/切割3/17/202424

Aflashbackarrestorisasafetydevicethatshutsoffgasflowineventofflashback.回火防止器是一个回火发生时切断气流的安全装置Flashbackisthecombustionofaflamemixturethatcanoccurwithinthegaslinesystem.Itcantravelbackthroughthelineofthegassystemtothegassourceifaflashbackarrestorsisnotinline.回火是火焰的混合物，可发生在气体管线系统燃烧。如果没有安装回火防止器，它可以窜至气源处。Aflashbackarrestorshutsoffgasflowandextinguishestheflamebeforeitcanreachthegassource.回火防止器可以切断气流，在回火窜至气源前熄灭回火Severalfactorscancauseflashback,includingfailingtopurgelineproperly,usingimproperpressure,leaksinthegassystemandimpropersystemoperation.(Flame,SparkandDust)以下几个原因可能导致回火，包括管道没有清理，使用不正确的压力，气体系统泄露，不正确的系统操作。WhatisaFlashbackArrestor

什么是回火防止器3/17/202425HowdoesFlashbackArrestorWorks?

回火防止器是怎样工作的？Flashbackarrestorisasimpledevice,whichquenchestheflameusingthefollowingmethods它是一个使用以下方法熄灭火焰的简单装置Byreducingthevelocityoftheflame.Reducingtheflamevelocityevenlowerthantheminimumflamevelocityofthefuelgas.减缓火焰燃烧的速度Stopstheflamepropagationinto/orthroughapipe.Byplacingaflamearrestorattheendoftheflammablemixturepipefeedingaflareorburner,flamecanbepreventedfrommovingintothepiperegardlessofthemixturevelocity.通过一个管道将火焰控制住Bypassingapotentiallyflammablemixturethroughawaterchamberorsomesortofheatsink.Thisdissipatestheheatandquenchestheflashback.通过水室或者其他散热器，降温来控制回火d)Byblockingthefuelgaspath,withasuitablethermalfuseplug,causingtheflashbacktodieout.通过阻止气体燃料，将回火熄灭。e)Byblockingtheflowoffuelgasintheoppositedirectionbyactinglikeanonreturnvalve.堵住气流使其向相反的方向运动3/17/202426FlashbackArrestors回火防止器GasWeldingSet-up

焊接3/17/202427ELECTRICARCWELDING:电弧焊1)Onlyauthorizedoperatorsarepermittedtouseweldingequipment.有资质的人员才被批准进行电弧焊2)Helmetsandshieldsmustbeusedforweldingoperations.必须使用头盔和面罩3)Whenpossible,weldingoperationsshouldbeshieldedbyaboothorascreentoprotectothers

fromweldingflash.如果有条件的话，焊接时可以使用挡板来防止他人被溅到4)Allpersonnelinaweldingareaarerequiredtousepropereyeprotection.作业区域内的所有人员都应该使用适当的护目用具5)Theweldingofzinccoatedmaterialsrequirestheoperatortouseappropriaterespiratoryprotection.如果是镀锌那就要求人员使用呼吸护具6)Depositrodendssafely(inaspecialcontainer)topreventburns,firesandsliphazards.焊条的底部要安全地保存以防止燃烧和滑倒7)Whennotinuse,placetherodholderwhereitcannotmakeanarc.如果不使用焊条要放在他人无法接触的地方8)Maintainweldingleadcablesingoodcondition.Donotusecableswhicharecracked,damagedorbare.电弧焊的电线要保持良好的状态，损坏的话不要使用HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202428HotworkinConfinedspacewillnotbeencouragedunlessthereisnootheralternatives 除非没有其他方法，一般不建议在有限空间中动火Beforeanyhotworkistobeperformedintheconfinedspace,itmustbeventilatedwithfreshairbutnotoxygen. 动火前必须通风，但严禁使用氧气AconfinedspaceSupervisororassessorshouldgascheckforflammableortoxicgases,oxygenleveltoensuretheconfinedspaceissafeforentrypriortowork. 监护人要先进行气体检测来确保可以在内动火Allweldingandcuttingoperationscarriedoutinconfinedspacesmustbeadequatelyventilatedtopreventtheaccumulationoftoxicmaterialsorpossibleoxygendeficiency.Thisappliesnotonlytothewelderbutalsotoco-workersandotherpersonnelintheimmediatevicinity.Freshairintakeforventilationmustbecleanandrespirable. 有限空间内切割、焊接必须通风，防止有害物质聚集或氧气耗尽。这个要求对于作业人员和周围的员工都是适用的，通入的新鲜空气必须是洁净的

Inareasimmediatelyhazardoustolife,hosemaskswithblowersorself-containedbreathingequipmentmustbeusedforentry. 如果该区域发生危险，进入者必须使用蛇管式面罩或供氧装置HotWorkinConfinedSpaces有限空间内的动火作业3/17/202429Foranyotherhotwork,grindingandcutting对于任何动火作业、打磨、切割Ensurethepersonnelworkingisequippedwithpersonalprotectiveequipments.Onlyauthorizedoperatorsarepermittedtouseweldingequipment.确保作业人员使用PPE，有资质的操作员才可以焊接2)Checktoensurenoothernon-compatiblejobisaroundthehotwork.确保周围没有与之冲突的作业3)Clearawayallpossiblecombustiblematerialaroundthehotwork.把周围所有易燃的材料清空4)Haveadequatemeans/measurestopreventpossibleignitionbydustparticlesandsparksproduced.(FireBlanket)采用应当的方法防止火星产生5)Donotusethetoolswhentheircablesarecracked,damagedorbare.电动工具的电线破损时不要使用HotWorkPermits

动火作业许可制度3/17/202430Useappropriateprotectiveclothingsuchasfaceshields,leathergloves,andleatherapronswhicharedesignedtopreventburnsbyprotectingskinandclothingfromweldingslag,sparks,andradiativeheat. 使用合适的防护用具可以防止皮肤和衣物被火星、辐射热损伤Faceshieldsmusthavetheappropriateopacityforthetypeofweldbeingperformed. 焊接时使用的面罩必须有一定的不透明度

Avoidpolyesterornylonclothing;cottonorcottonblendfabricispreferred. 不要穿尼龙和化纤的衣物，棉质的会更合适Forappropriatepersonalprotection,wear:适合的PPE有Faceshield,goggles,orspecialglasses面罩，护目镜、专用的眼镜Andwearprotectiveclothingsuchas:正确的防护服有Leathergloves皮革手套Long-sleevedshirtsandpants长袖的上衣和裤子PersonalProtectiveEquipment

个人防护用具3/17/202431Damagebyexplosionduetoflashback

因为回火引发的爆炸3/17/202432WorkingAtHeight高处作业GoalsandObjectives:目的和目标Attheendofthissessionyouwill:本次培训结束后你将会：BefamiliarwiththeWorkingAtHeightPermitSystem. 熟悉高处作业的许可制度RecognizethetypeofworkrequiringHeightWorkPermits. 了解高处作业许可的种类HazardsandsafetyrequirementsforeachtypeHeightWork. 每种作业的风险和安全要求WorkingAtHeightPermit高处作业许可制度3/17/202434WHEN时间Permitrequiredforworkabove2metreswithoutpermanentAccess. 高于2m作业的临时许可WHO作业人员Anindividualwho,byvirtueofexperience,training,andqualification,isdeemedcompetenttoauthorizePermitsforWorkatheights. 作业人员需要具有相关经验，经过培训，具有高处作业许可。WHY目的Toidentifyandcontrolhazardofworkingatheight. 识别和控制高处作业的风险Toestablishaproceduretopreventinjuryduetoworkingatheight. 建立程序来防止因高处作业导致的伤害C:/Koh/Training/Working-at-Height.pptWorkingAtHeightPermit高处作业许可制度3/17/202435Whatarethe2mainhazardsrelatingtoworkingatheight?高处作业的2个主要风险是什么？Personfallingfromheight.人员坠落Objectsfallingfromheight.物体坠落C:/Koh/Training/Working-at-Height.ppt

OtherSafetyConsideration其他安全考虑LiftingSafety起重作业WorkinConfinedArea有限空间作业ElectricalSafety电气作业AccessandEgress出入通道Work作业Workingindeeptrenchandexcavationactivities深坑中的作业和挖掘作业WorkingAtHeightPermit高处作业许可制度3/17/202436C:/Koh/Training/Working-at-Height.pptPreventionofFallingHazards防止坠落的风险Ensuresecurefootandh