医学考老师大阅读篇

大阅读9小白老师医学考博英语网络课AnatlasofwhereproteinsarefoundinONEof大阅读9小白老师医学考博英语网络课AnatlasofwhereproteinsarefoundinONEofthemostimportantconceptsinbiologyisDifferentorgansdodifferentjobswithinbodies.Differenttissuesdodifferentwithinorgans.Differentcellswithintissues,likewise.Andwithincells,organelles—assubcellularcomponentssuchasnuclei,mitochondriaandbodiesareknown—arealsospecialisedforparticularfunctions.Eachoftheseoforganisationhas,overtheyears,inwhathavecometobeasatlases,beginningin1543withAndreasVesalius’s“DeHumaniCorporis(OntheFabricoftheHumanBody),thefoundingtextofmodernThelatestlevelofdetailistolookatdifferentproteinswithinProteinsarethemoleculesthatdomostoftheworkwithinacell.Theyrangethingslikeactinandmyosin,whichcollaboratetoflexmusclecells—andthusmusclesofwhichthosecellsarepart—totheenzymesoftheKrebscycle,disassembleglucosetoreleasethe.TheCellAtlas,alaunchedonDecember4thatameetingoftheAmericanSocietyofCellrecordswhichproteinsarefoundinwhichorganelles.Theresult,like“DeCorporisFabrica”,isbothpleasingtotheeyeandimportanttothefield.locatedtogetherarelikelytoworktogether,soknowingaprotein’swithinacellwillhelpresearcherstodetermineitsTheauthorsoftheCellAtlas,ledbyMathiasUhlenoftheRoyalInstituteTechnology,inStockholm,havepinned12,051proteinsdowninthiswayimmunofluorescence.Thistechniqueemploysspeciallycreatedantibodiesmolecules,producedbyimmune-systemcells,thatbindspecificallytoatargetprotein)tohuntdownthattargetwithinacell.Theantibodiestagsattachedtothem,sothattheywillglowwhenexposedultravioletlight.Byapplyingthesetaggedantibodiestocellsfrom22human-cellderivedfromarangeoforiginaltissues,theatlas’sauthorsgavethemselvesthe1/possiblechanceofdetectingaparticularproteinincellsofatleastoneline.done,eachsamplepossiblechanceofdetectingaparticularproteinincellsofatleastoneline.done,eachsamplewasexaminedmicroscopicallytodeterminewhichofthegenerallyrecognisedorganelleseachproteinappearedin.This,beingquitea(andnotoneeasilydelegatedtoautomaticoptical-recognitionsystems),wasoutinpartbyabunchof120,000enthusiasticTheexampleinthepictureisofthedistributionofaprotein(taggedcalledZNF554.Thisbelongstoagroup,thezinc-factors,jobistoactivateandregulategenes.Asthepictureshows,ZNF554isrestrictedthecell’snucleus.Withinthatnucleusthereareseveralplaceswhichparticularlybrightly,andwhereitisthereforeparticularlyabundant.Thesearenucleoli—zoneswheregenesareespeciallyactive.(Theredareasarethemicrotubules.TheseactasandaretaggedinallCellAtlaspictures,ordertooutlineacell’sWhatfractionofhumanproteinstheCellAtlascurrentlycoversisopendebate.Thenumberofprotein-codinggenesinthehumangenomeisreckonedat19,628.Somegenes,however,canyieldmorethanoneprotein—becausetheymaybereadinmorethanoneway,orbecausetheirmessagestoprotein-manufacturingpartsofacellmayendupeditedindifferentways.meanstheactualnumberofproteinsthatcanexistfromtimetotimeintheexceedsthenumberofgenes,probablybyatleast50%.TheCellAtlas,then,isbymeansthelastwordonthematterofwhereproteinsarefound.Butitisagood1.catalogue英 美[ˈkætlˌɔɡ,-n.目录，一览表（美）vt.为…编目录；登记分类