江西省高考英语押题精粹试题-人教版高三英语试题

英语本卷共18题，三种题型：阅读理解、英语知识运用和写作。阅读理解10小题，英语知识运用4小题，写作4小题。第一部分阅读理解(共10小题)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。A1AreportfromtheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences'Commissionrevealsthat,duetoajobmarketwhichdisproportionatelyrewardsgraduatesinSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andmathematics)fields,moreandmorestudentsareseekingdegreesinbusinessandhard-sciencesubjects.Someinstitutionshaverespondedbycuttingbudgetsintheartsandhumanitiesanddirectingthosefundselsewhere.That'sthewrongthingtodo.Thehumanitiesstudyoflanguages,literature,history,philosophy,religion,ethics,etc.-andtheartsarevitaltoourfuture.Weshouldbeinvestingmorefunds,moretimeandmoreexpertise,notless,intotheseendeavors.Whatdetractors（诋毁者）ofthe"soft"subjectsmissisthattheartsandhumanitiesprovideanessentialframeworkandcontextforunderstandingthewiderworld.Studyingthehumanitiesstrengthenstheabilitytocommunicateandworkwithothers.Itallowsstudentstodevelopbroadintellectualandculturalunderstanding;itnurturescreativityanddeepensparticipationinpublicdiscourseandmodemdemocracy.Thecommission'sreportpointsoutthat"attheverymomentwhenChinaisseekingtoadoptourmodelofbroadeducationinthehumanities,socialsciencesandnaturalsciencesasastimulustoinvention,theUnitedStatesisinsteadnarrowingourfocusandabandoningoursenseofwhateducationhasbeenandshouldcontinuetobeoursenseofwhatmakesAmericagreat."Thesearethetellingstatistics:First,federalfundingforhelpingAmericanstudentsincludeinternationaltrainingintheireducationhasbeencut41percentinfouryears.Second,theNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgresstestshowsthatonlylessthanaquarterofeighth-and12th-gradeUSstudentsareproficientinreading,writingandcivics.HowcanwepossiblyequiptheUSforitsleadershiproleinanincreasinglyconnectedworldifwearenotadequatelyteachingstudentstocommunicateandhelpingthemunderstandandencounterdiverseperspectives?Ifwefailtoinvestintheartsandhumanities,ourcountry'sfutureleaderswillnothavetheabilitytoconnectonanemotionallevelwithothers.Thisabilityisdevelopedbystudyingthehumanities,andintheglobalcommunitythisskillisnotoptional-it'sessential.Inaword,wemustenthusiasticallysupportandfundthestudyoftheartsandhumanities.Foranyoneconcernedwithhowthistranslatesintoasoundeconomyandasoundfinancialfuture,simplyrecallwhatSteveJobstoldgraduatesofStanfordUniversityin2005:OneofthemostinfluentialexperiencesinhisbrieftimeatReedCollegewashisexposuretothefineartofcalligraphy（书法）．Ittaughthimtheimportantlessonoftherelationshipbetweendisciplineandcreativity.1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Businessandhard-sciencesubjectsarebasedupontheartsandhumanities.B.AtpresenttoomuchemphasisandinvestmentareputonscienceinAmerica.C.MorestudentswilllearntheartsandhumanitiesinsteadofscienceintheUSA.D.ChinahasspentmoremoneyinthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesthantheUSA.2.TheauthormentionsSteveJobsinthelastparagraphtoprovethat_____.A.sciencehasacloserelationshipwiththeartsandhumanitiesB.investmentintheartsandhumanitiespromoteseconomicdevelopmentC.calligraphyplaysadeterminingroleinSteveJobs'accomplishmentD.ReedCollegesupportsandfundsthestudyoftheartsandhumanities3.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.SignificanceofartsandhumanitiesB.KeyqualitiesoffutureleadersC.DeclineofartsandhumanitiesD.Riseandfallofhardsciences答案：1.B2.B3.A

解析：1.B，推断题，根据第一段最后一句话：moreandmorestudentsareseekingdegreesinbusinessandhard-sciencesubjects.越来越多的学生学习理科和商业说明现在国家把重点和投资投在了这些方面。2.B，细节推断题，举SteveJobs的例子，就是为了证明上句话：Foranyoneconcernedwithhowthistranslatesintoasoundeconomyandasoundfinancialfuture,投资和支持艺术与人文科学可以促进经济的发展。3.A，主旨题，文章最后一段总结全文，反映题目，它强调了艺术和人文科学的重要性。A2FuelCellTechnologyforCarsFillherupwithhydrogen?That'swhatsomeCaliforniamotoristsmaybesayingsoon,ascarmakerstrytospeedupproductionofzeroemission（零排放）carstomeetstaterequirementsinthenearfuture.BeneaththeskinofthisordinarylookingHondasFCXConceptVehiclesitsanelectro-chemicalreactor:ahandbuilt,astronomicallyexpensivepowerplantknownasafuelcell.It'sexpectedtoberunningordinaryfamilycarsonCalifornia'sroadswithinthreeyears.Sowhatexactlyisafuelcell,anyway?Whyaregovernments,privatebusinessesandacademicinstitutionscooperatingtodevelopandproducethem?Afuelcell,verysimplydescribed,isapowergenerator,makingelectricitythroughthecombinationofhydrogenandoxygen.Fuelcellsgenerateelectricalpowerquietlyandefficiently,withoutpollution,unlikepowersourcesthatusefossilfuels,theonlyby-productsfromanoperatingfuelcellareheatandwater.Tobemoretechnicalaboutit,ahydrogenatomwithitsoneelectron,attemptstopassthroughafuelcellmembrane（膜）tounitewithanoxygenatom.Themembraneallowsonlythehydrogenproton（质子）topassthrough,forcingitselectrontorunaroundthemembranetocatchupwiththeprotonontheotherside.Thiscreateselectricity,water,andheat,butnoexhaustemissions.Ifthefuelcellispoweredwithpurehydrogen,ithasthepotentialtobeupto80-percentefficient,Thatis,itturns80percentoftheenergycontentofthehydrogenintoelectricalenergy.However,westillneedtoturntheelectricalenergyintomechanicalwork.Thisisaccomplishedbytheelectricmotor.Areasonablenumberfortheefficiencyofthemotorisabout80percent.Sowehave80-percentefficiencyingeneratingelectricity,and80-percentefficiencyturningitintomechanicalpower.Thatgivesanoverallefficiencyofabout64percent.Honda'sFCXconceptvehiclereportedlyhas60-percentenergyefficiency,whichistwiceoreventhreetimesmoreefficientthanusualcars.Butinspiteofalltheadvantagesdescribedabove,expertssay,"Westillhavetechnicalchallengesgettingthisextremelycomplexsystemtoworkproperly,thewaycustomersexpectittowork.Therearechallengesinusingnewfuels,andprovidingthenewfuelbasicfacilities.Andbeforefuelcellvehicleshittheroad,therewillhavetobeanetworkofhydrogenstationsthatwillallowdriverstofillupwiththeflammablegas,under36-hundredpoundsofpressure."4.WhatcanbeinferredfromCalifornia's"zeroemissionspolicy"?A.Newcarswithfuelcelltechnologywillsurelybecomemuchcheaper.B.Bycarryingoutthepolicy,trafficwillnotbesobusyasitisnow.C.ThequalityoflifeinCaliforniawillimproveoncethispolicyisineffect.D.Withfacilitiesofnewkinds,morelocalemploymentwillbecreated.5.Whatdoesthephrase"powerplant"referto?A.Apowerdevicegeneratingelectricity.B.Apowerstationprovidingelectricity.C.Apowercomponentconsumingelectricity.D.Apowerengineusingelectricity.6.Oneofthereasonswhyfuelcellpoweredvehiclesaresuperioristhat..A.theygiveoutalmostnowaterorheatB.theyrunfasterandmoresmoothlyC.theygiveoutalmostnonoiseD.theyturn64%oftheenergyintoelectricity7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Customerswillnotthinkitagoodideatodevelopfuelcelltechnology.B.Itisstillnotveryeasytospeedupproductionofzeroemissioncars.C.Wecan'tignorethefinancialproblemstobuildanetworkofhydrogenstations.D.Westillhavemuchdifficultyturningallthechainsofthebusinessintoreality.答案：4.C5.A6.C7.D解析：4.C，推断题，如果汽车零排放政策生效后，那么市民的生活质量一定会提高，因为污染减少了，故答案选C，其他选项没有道理。5.A，词义猜测题，根据句子结构可知，powerplant就是指的后面的fuelcell（燃料电池），还有下段中句子Afuelcell,verysimplydescribed,isapowergenerator,makingelectricitythroughthecombinationofhydrogenandoxygen.。故据此推断答案选A，一个发电装置。6.C，细节题，根据第三段中句子：Fuelcellsgenerateelectricalpowerquietlyandefficiently,withoutpollution。燃料电池发电安静、高效、无污染。7.D，细节题，根据第一句话：Butinspiteofalltheadvantagesdescribedabove,expertssay,"Westillhavetechnicalchallengesgettingthisextremelycomplexsystemtoworkproperly,可知，现在利用该项技术还有较大挑战。A3WhenDeKalbWalcottIIIwasjust8yearsold,hisfather,aChicagofirechief,lethimtagalongonacall.DeKalbsaysalotofkidsidolizedbasketballplayerMichaelJordanwhenhewasgrowingupinChicagointhe1990s.Nothim."IwantedtobelikeDeKalbWalcottJr.,"hesaysofhisfather.Sowhenhisdadaskedifhewantedtogoonthatcallwithhimwhenhewas8,DeKalbwasexcited."I'mjumpingupanddown,saying,"Mom,canIgo?CanIgo?'"TheexperiencechangedDeKalb’slife,hetellshisdadonavisittoStoryCorps."Myeyesgotbigfromthemomentthealarmwentoff."theyoungerDeKalbsays.“ThisisthelifethatIwanttolivesomeday.”Now27,theyoungerDeKalbislivingthatlife.Hebecameafirefighterat21andwenttoworkalongsidehisdadattheChicagoFireDepartment.Beforehisfatherretired,thepairevenwentoutonacalltogether—fathersupervising（监督）son."Youknow,it'severythingformetowatchyougrow,"hisfathersays.Buthealsorecallsworryingaboutoneparticularfirethathissonfaced."Ireceivedaphonecallthatnight.Andtheysaid,'Well,yoursonwasatthisfire.'Isaid,'OK,whichwayisthisconversationgoingtogo?'“DeKalbWalcottJr.recalls."Andtheysaid,'buthe'sOK.Andheputitoutallbyhimself.Everybodyherewasproudofhim.'"Andthewordwentaround,'Whowasouttheremanagingthatfire?Oh,that'sWalcott!That'sWalcottupthere!'So,youknow,momentslikethat,it'sheavenonEarthforadad."DeKalbWalcottJr.retiredin2009.TheyoungerDeKalbsayshe'sproudofbeingasecond-generationfirefighter."Youknow,itmakesmelookforwardtofatherhoodaswell,becauseI'mdefinitelylookingforwardtopassingthattorchdowntomyson."8.TheunderlinedphrasetagalonginParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.putoutfireB.watchbasketballC.followhisfatherD.askhismother’spermission9.DeKalbWalcottIIIdeterminedtobecomeafirefighterattheageof_________.A.8B.21C.27D.3510.WhatdidDeKalbWalcottJrwanttodobeforehewastoldthatthefirewasputout?A.GoonwiththeconversationB.PutitoutallbyhimselfC.SupervisehissonD.Gotothefirescene11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.DeKalbWalcottJrisproudtobeasecond-generationfirefighter.B.DeKalbWalcottIIIwantshissontobecomeafirefightertoo.C.DeKalbWalcottJrwantstopassthetorchtoDeKalbWalcottIII.D.DeKalbWalcottIIIisproudthathissonhasbecomeanexcellentfirefighter.答案：8.C9.A10.D11.B解析：本文是一篇故事类短文，讲述了一家两代对消防工作的热爱。当DeKalbWalcottⅢ8岁的时候他父亲就带他去消防现场，当时他激动不已，希望自己以后也做一名消防员。而且现在27岁的他已经成为了一名优秀的消防员。8.C词义猜测题。从前四段内容可知父亲DeKalbWalcottJr是一名消防员，由此推断8岁的时候他父亲是带他去了火警现场.9.A细节理解题。根据文章第一、二段内容可知DeKalbWalcottⅢ8岁的时候想成为父亲一样的消防员.10.D细节理解题。根据文章倒数三、四段的对话内容可知。11.B细节理解题。从文章末段内容youngerDeKalb也就是DeKalbWalcottⅢ所说的话可知他也希望自己的孩子以后也当消防员.A4Engineersshouldembrace（接受）thearts,SirJohnO'Reilly,afellowoftheInstitutionofEngineeringandTechnology,arguedinalecture.About59%ofengineeringcompaniesintheIET's2014surveyfearedskillshortagescouldthreaten（威胁）business."Thereisnothingascreativeasengineering,"SirJohntoldthereporter.Hesaysscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics-oftenknownas"Stem"subjects,arevitalforamodernknowledgeeconomy.Butthereisamassiveshortfallinthenumberofrecruits（招聘）-witharecentstudybytheRoyalAcademyofEngineeringsayingtheUKneedstoincreasebyasmuchas50%thenumberofStemgraduatesitproduces.Deliveringthisyear'sMountbattenLectureattheRoyalInstitution,SirJohnarguedthatengineersshouldrecognisetheroleoftheartsintheirwork-amongotherbenefits;thiscouldattractmorepeopleintotheprofession.Thelecture,FullSteamAheadforGrowth,advocatedawideradoption--Steam,orscience,technology,engineering,artsandmaths.Engineersshouldembracetheartsasbeingkeytocreativityandanimportantcomponentofinnovation（创新）,crucialtocreatingnewproductsandboostingfuturecompetitiveness,heargued."Engineeringandtechnologyisanincreasinglydiverseandcreativefield,"saidSirJohn.Someuniversityengineeringdepartmentsalreadycooperatedwithartschoolstodevelopunderstanding,hetoldthereporter.InparticularhementionedCranfieldUniversity'sCentreforCreativeCompetitiveDesignandImperialCollege'sworkwiththeRoyalCollegeofArt.Thetwosetsofpeoplecouldworkwelltogetherandmoreemphasisonthecreativesideofengineeringcouldimprovethesuccessofproducts,hesaid."Aesthetics(美学)ispartofit,"hetoldthereporter,addingthatApple'siPodwasnotthefirstdigitalmediaplayer,northeonlyonethatworked-butitcametodominatethemarket"becauseitwasnicetohave".SirJohnsaidhewasnotsuggestinguniversitiesstartedrequiringA-levelartfromengineeringapplicants-thekeysubjectsforadmissionwouldcontinuetobemathsandthesciences.Butanemphasisoncreativeskillswouldhelp"broadenthepoolandattractmorepeoplein".12.AccordingtothelectureFullSteamAheadforGrowth,_______.A.engineersshouldcooperatewithartsmajorsB.AcceptingtheartscouldattractmorepeopleintoengineeringC.engineersshouldrealizeartsplaythemostimportantpartintheirworkD.engineeringandtechnologyisasdiverseandcreativeasbefore13.BygivingtheexampleofApple'siPod,SirJohnintendsto_______.A.stresstheimportanceofartsB.stresstheimportanceofmarketingC.stresstheimportanceofcommunicationD.stresstheimportanceofscienceandtechnology14.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Moreuniversitystudentsshouldstudyartsinsteadofengineering.B.Engineeringandtechnologyisincreasinglydifferentandunrelatedfields.C.TheIET'sskillssurveyraisedconcernsaboutthenumberofrecruitstoengineering.D.Studentsfromsomeuniversityengineeringdepartmentshavealreadytransferredtoartschools15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Lackofcreativitymakesitdifficultfortheengineeringmajortofindasatisfactoryjob.B.Thekeysubjectsforengineeringmajorsremaintobemathsandthesciencesratherthanarts.C.Universityengineeringdepartmentsshouldcooperatewithartschoolstoimprovethesuccessofproducts.D.Engineeringneedstoemphasizeitscreativesidetoencouragemoreyoungpeopletochooseitasacareer.答案：12.B13.A14.C15.D解析：STEM科目一般指科学、技术、工程和数学等，而最近英国的一份调查报告显示，攻读STEM课程的学生比例下降，英国STEM学科的发展前景令人堪忧。在文章中SirJohn提出人们应该认识到工程学当中的艺术成分，呼吁更多年轻人进入这一领域。12.B细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容SirJohnarguedthatengineersshouldrecognisetheroleoftheartsintheirwork-amongotherbenefits;thiscouldattractmorepeopleintotheprofession.可知认识到工程学中的艺术成分会吸引更多的人来从事这一行业。13.A推理判断题。在文章倒数第二、三段SirJohn提到艺术学校和工程专业学生的合作能够促进产品的成功的原因是“Aesthetics(美学)ispartofit,”，然后以Apple’siPod为例，由此判断SirJohn通过Apple’siPod是想说明艺术在工程学方面的重要性。14.C细节理解题。通过文章第二、三段内容可知这份调查显示了在STEM研究学科方面人员的缺少，而且SirJohn在调查中鼓励年轻人进入这一领域。15.D主旨大意题。本文是一篇调查报告，在首段先提出Engineersshouldembracethearts,进而指出在STEM研究学科方面人员的缺少，然后在下文呼吁人们要强调工程学中的艺术方面，以此吸引更多的年轻人从事这一行业，由此判断本文中心内容是要人们意识到工程学中创新的一面从而鼓励年轻人从事这一行业。故答案选DB1Exerciseseemstobegoodforthehumanbrain,withmanyrecentstudiessuggestingthatregularexerciseimprovesmemoryandthinkingskills.Butaninterestingnewstudyaskswhethertheapparentcognitivebenefitsfromexercisearerealorjustaplaceboeffect—thatis,ifwethinkwewillbe“smarter”afterexercise,doourbrainsrespondaccordingly?Theanswerhassignificantimplicationsforanyofushopingtouseexercisetokeepourmindssharpthroughoutourlives.Whilemanystudiessuggestthatexercisemayhavecognitivebenefits,recentlysomescientistshavebeguntoquestionwhethertheapparentlybeneficialeffectsofexerciseonthinkingmightbeaplaceboeffect.SoresearchersatFloridaStateUniversityinTallahasseeandtheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaigndecidedtofocusonexpectations,onwhatpeopleanticipatethatexercisewilldoforthinking.Ifpeople’sexpectationsjibe(吻合)closelywiththeactualbenefits,thenatleastsomeofthoseimprovementsareprobablyaresultoftheplaceboeffectandnotofexercise.Forthenewstudy,whichwaspublishedlastmonthinPLOSOne,theresearchersrecruited171peoplethroughanonlinesurveysystem,theyaskedhalfofthesevolunteerstoestimatebyhowmuchastretchingandtoningregimens(拉伸运动)performedthreetimesaweekmightimprovevariousmeasuresofthinking.Theothervolunteerswereaskedthesamequestions,butaboutaregularwalkingprogram.Inactualexperiments,stretchingandtoningprogramgenerallyhavelittleifanyimpactonpeople’scognitiveskills.Walking,ontheotherhand,seemstosubstantiallyimprovethinkingability.Butthesurveyrespondentsbelievedtheopposite,estimatingthatthestretchingandtoningprogramwouldbemorebeneficialforthemindthanwalking.Theestimatesofbenefitsfromwalkingwerelower.Thesedata,whiletheydonotinvolveanyactualexercise,aregoodnewsforpeoplewhodoexercise.“Theresultsfromourstudysuggestthatthebenefitsofaerobicexercisearenotaplaceboeffect,”saidCaryStothart,agraduatestudentincognitivepsychologyatFloridaStateUniversity,wholedthestudy.Ifexpectationshadbeendrivingtheimprovementsincognitionseeninstudiesafterexercise,Mr.Stothartsaid,thenpeopleshouldhaveexpectedwalkingtobemorebeneficialforthinkingthanstretching.Theydidn’t,implyingthatthechangesinthebrainandthinkingafterexercisearephysiologicallygenuine.Thefindingsarestrongenoughtosuggestthatexercisereallydoeschangethebrainandmay,intheprocess,improvethinking,Mr.Stothartsaid.Thatconclusionshouldencouragescientiststolookevenmorecloselyintohow,atamolecularlevel,exerciseremodelsthehumanbrain,hesaid.Italsoshouldencouragetherestofustomove,sincethebenefitsare,itseems,notimaginary,eveniftheyareinourhead.1.Whydidtheresearchersatthetwouniversitiesconducttheresearch?A.Todiscovertheplaceboeffectintheexercise.B.Toprovethepreviousstudieshaveabigdrawback.C.Totestwhetherexercisecanreallyimprovecognition.D.Toencouragemorescientiststogetinvolvedintheresearch.2.WhatcanweknowabouttheresearchCaryStothartandhisteamcarriedout?A.Theyemployed171peopletotakepartintheactualexercise.B.Theresultoftheresearchremovedtherecentdoubtofsomescientists.C.Theparticipantsthoughtwalkinghadagreaterimpactonthinkingability.D.Theirconclusiondrivesscientiststodoresearchontheplaceboeffect.3.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Isitnecessaryforustotakeexercise? B.Howshouldpeopleexerciseproperly?C.Whatmakesussmarterduringexercise? D.Doesexercisereallymakeussmarter?答案：1.C2.B3.D解析本文针对运动是否有益大脑认知这一现象展开讨论，搬出了一个由大学合作得出的结论，的确有益，可信度较高。看来四肢发达的人不见得头脑简单哦！1.C细节理解题。第二段第一句recentlysomescientistshavebeguntoquestionwhethertheapparentlybeneficialeffectsofexerciseonthinkingmightbeaplaceboeffect,句意：最近一些科学家开始质疑，运动对思维有益的显著效果是不是一种安慰剂效应。由此得知，Totestwhetherexercisecanreallyimprovecognition实验论证是两所大学实验的目的。2.B细节理解题。第六段第二句CaryStothart说的话Theresultsfromourstudysuggestthatthebenefitsofaerobicexercisearenotaplaceboeffect,句意：我们的实验结果表明有氧健身（对大脑）的益处不是一种安慰剂效应。由此Theresultoftheresearchremovedtherecentdoubtofsomescientists.便移除了那些科学家质疑的念头。3.D主旨大意题。Doesexercisereallymakeussmarter?运动使人聪明吗？全文围绕这一观点展开讨论，举出两所大学合作实验的成功案列来作为论据。其他选型偏离太大.B2ThecurrentEbola(埃博拉病毒)outbreakinwesternandcentralAfricahasinfectedatleast3,069people,including1,552dead,makingitthelargestoutbreakinhistory.Ebolaisadeadlyvirus—about60percentofpeopleinfectedwithithavedied.HowisEboladoingitsharm?WhenapersonbecomesinfectedwithEbola,thevirusdamagesthebody’simmune(免疫的)cells,whichdefendagainstinfection,saidaresearcheratLancasterUniversity.Butifaperson’simmunesystemcanstanduptothisattack,thenheismorelikelytosurvivethedisease.Thepatientsthatsurviveitbestarethosewhodon’tgetsuchabaddisadvantageinimmunesystem.Butifthebodyisn’tabletogetridofthisattack,thentheimmunesystembecomeslessabletoregulate(调节)itself.Thismeanstheimmunesystemismorelikelytorunoutofcontrol,leadingtoadropinbloodpressure,multi-organfailureandeventuallydeath.Whatarethecommonsymptomsofthedisease?Fever.Headache.Jointandmuscleaches.Weakness.Diarrhea.Vomiting.Stomachpain.Lackofappetite.Chills.Rash.Rednessintheeyes.Hiccups.Cough.Sorethroat.Chestpain.Difficultbreathingorswallowing.Bleedinginsideandoutsideofthebody.HowtopreventthespreadofEbola?Ebolacanbespreadprimarilyviadirectcontactwithpatients,specificallythebloodandfluidsofaninfectedpatient.Weshouldavoidcontactwithinfectedpatientsandobjectssuchasclothing,bedding,andneedlesusedbythem.Avoidareaswhereinfectionshavebeenreported.Fornow,thediseasehasonlybeenconfirmedincentralandWestAfrica,fourcasesinAmericaandEurope.Avoideatingwild-caughtbushmeat.Researchershavesuspectedthatthediseasecametohumansviaanimals,probablythroughthemeatofprimates(灵长类).Ifyou’reinanareawherethediseasehasbeenreported,avoidpurchasing,eating,orhandlingwildgametostayonthesafeside.Wearprotectivemedicalclothingifyou’rearoundinfectedpatients.Extremecautionisnecessary.Hospitalworkersmustusemasks,gloves,goggles,andgowns,whichneededtobewornatalltimesifyou’rearoundinfectedpatients.HowDoPeopleSurviveEbola?Doctorsdon’tknowforcertainwhowillsurviveEbola,andthereisnospecifictreatmentorcureforthedisease.Althoughintheminority,somepeopledorecoverfrominfection.Oursuggestionsinclude:Maintainyourelectrolytes(电解质)andbodyliquid.Sportsdrinkscanbeused.Monitoryourbloodpressureandcontrolitifnecessary.Droppingbloodpressuremaybeaserioussignofinfection.Breatheinanoxygen-richenvironment.Quicklyaddressanysymptomsofinfection.Behonestaboutwhenandwhereyou’refeelingpain.4.Ebolacausesthedeathofahumanbeingby________.A.attackinghimwithhighfever B.regulatinghisimmunesystemC.damaginghisimmunecells D.harmingallhisorgansdirectly5.WhatisNOTmentionedasthesymptomofEbola?A.Feverandchills. B.Swallowingdifficulty.C.Lossofblood. D.Highbloodpressure.6.InordernottobeinfectedbyEbola,weshould_________.A.havetheclothingoftheinfectedcleaned B.avoideatingwildanimalslikemonkeysC.nottraveltoAfrica,AmericaorEurope D.stayathomewithoutgoinganywhere7.Itistruethat________.A.acertainnumberofpeoplesurviveEbola B.humanhasfoundaspecialcureforEbolaC.oxygencansaveinfectedpeople’slives D.lowbloodpressureissurelycausedbyEbola答案：4.C5.D6.B7.A解析：当一个人被Ebola感染时，病毒就伤害了身体的免疫细胞。研究者怀疑疾病是通过动物传给人的，很可能是通过灵长类的肉。提醒人们避免吃野生野味。4.C细节理解题。根据第一小标题第一段第一句WhenapersonbecomesinfectedwithEbola,thevirusdamagesthebody’simmune(免疫的)cells,当一个人被Ebola感染时,病毒就伤害了身体的免疫细胞。5.D细节理解题。根据第二小标题中Fever.Headache.Jointandmuscleaches.Weakness.DiarrheaVomiting.Stomachpain.Lackofappetite.Chills.Rash.Rednessintheeyes.Hiccups.Cough.Sorethroat.Chestpain.Difficultbreathingorswallowing.Bleedinginsideandoutsideofthebody.从这里可知文中提到了Fever发烧，Chills冷，Difficultbreathingorswallowing呼吸或吞咽困难，Bleedinginsideandoutsideofthebody.血流到身体外面。文中未提到Highbloodpressure.高血压。6.B推理判断题。根据第三小标题第二段第三句Avoideatingwild-caughtbushmeat.Researchershavesuspectedthatthediseasecametohumansviaanimals,probablythroughthemeatofprimates(灵长类).避免吃野生野味。研究者怀疑疾病是通过动物传给人的，很可能是通过灵长类的肉。7.A推理判断题。根据第四小标题第一段第二句Althoughintheminority,somepeopledorecoverfrominfection.尽管是少数，一些人确实从感染中恢复了。B3Theterm“Industry4.0”referstothefourthindustrialrevolution.Thefirstindustrialrevolutionwastheproductionofgoodswithmachineslikesteamengines,whichwasfollowedbythesecondindustrialrevolutionthatintroducedmassproductionwiththehelpofelectricpower,followedbythedigitalrevolution—theuseofelectronicsandITinproduction.Industry4.0isahigh-techproject,whichpromotesthecomputerizationofmanufacturing(制造业).ThebasicprincipleofIndustry4.0isthatbyconnectingmachines,workpiecesandsystems,wearecreatingintelligentnetworksalongtheentirevaluechainthatcancontroleachotherautomatically.ThegoalistheSmartFactory,whichadaptswellandusesresourcesefficientlyaswellaslinkingcustomersandbusinesspartnerswithgreatintelligence.TechnologicalbasisaretheInternetsystemsandadvancedfactories.ExpertsbelievethatIndustry4.0couldbearealityinabout10to20years.So,whateffectsdoesthischangehaveontheclassicmanufacturing?Accordingtoanexpert,“itishighlylikelythattheworldofproductionwillbecomemoreandmorenetworkeduntileverythingisconnectedwitheverythingelse.”Networksandprocesseshavesofarbeenlimitedtoonefactory.ButinthetimeofIndustry4.0,theboundaries(界限)ofindividualfactorieswillmostlikelynolongerexist.Instead,theywillbeliftedinordertointer-connectmultiplefactoriesorevengeographicalregions.HowisanIndustry4.0factorydifferentfromatoday’sfactory?Incurrentindustryenvironment,providinghigh-endqualityserviceorproductwiththeleastcostisthekeytosuccess.Factoriesaretryingtoincreasetheirprofitasmuchaspossible.InthetimeofIndustry4.0,variousdatasourcesareavailabletoprovideworthwhileinformationaboutdifferentaspectsofthefactory.Usingdataforunderstandingthecurrentconditionandcheckingfaultsandfailuresisanaturalthing.Thesharingofinformationaroundtheclockandaroundtheglobewillenabletheseconnectedsyst