高考英语总复习 微训练 第49练 天气与自然灾害类

第49练天气与自然灾害类

高考高频单词与短语识记排查

单词识记：

causedangerousdeathstorm

terribleblowclimate

terrify

floodfreezedisaster

forecast

shakeshelterstrike

cloudy

panicpourwarmthshower

短语扫描：

be/getcaughtin陷入；被困住

be/getstuckin卡住；陷入

burn...totheground全部焚毁；烧为平地

clearup（天气）转晴；清理；解决

weatherforecast天气预报

set...onfire/setfireto使,…••燃烧；放火烧“•••

blowdown吹倒

dryup(河流、湖泊等）干涸

inruins成为废墟；严重受损

becomeavictimto成为...的牺牲品

［跟踪训练］

I.语境填词

1.Ikeptmyfriendbackfromthe(danger)animal.

2.Hesuffered(terrible)allthroughhisillness.

3.Thetidalwaveformeda(terrify)wallofwater.

4.Fourofthemwalkedundera(cloud)skyandallendedupwalkingin

circles.

5.Theoldladyreceivedhimwithunusual（warm）.

II.单项填空

6.Ipreferatablethatcanbewhennotusedsothatitmaysavealot

ofspace.

A.clearedupB.foldedup

C.fixedupD.takenup

7.Thesharpfallofthestockmarketcauseda.

A.panicB.surprise

C.delightD.hit

8.Thefailurewasabigtohim,buthewasn'tdiscouragedandsoongot

asenthusiasticasever.（2015•福建，24）

A.blowB.issue

C.excuseD.factor

9.ShewantedtoaskifhehadnewsofWilliams,butwordsinherthroat

A.burstB.stuck

C.brokeD.settled

10.,Theplanwasin________justbecausepeoplewereunwillingtocooperate.

A.ruinsB.pieces

C.dangerD.trouble

知识运用与阅读能力专练

I.完形填空

（2016•天津市五校联考）

HotlavaflowsdownaHawaiianmountainside.Fartheruptheslope,

volcanologist（火山学家）KenHonpickshiswayslowlyacrossthe1surface.Thehot

lava（岩浆）isslipperytowalkon."It'slikewalkingonice,“Honsays."But

thebottompartofyourbootsstartsto2alittle.You?11getburned3you

fall.”

Honplantshisfeetcarefullyandslowly.He's4dataonthelavaflowing

outofKilauea,avolcanothathasbeeneruptingsince1983.5thelava's

movementscansavelivesontheslopesbelow.ButHonmustbe6.Newwavesoflava

areflowingdowntowardhim.Everyfewminuteshelooksuptosee7thestreams

areandmakessurethe8lavahasn?tcutoffhisescaperoute.

“It's9outthere,liketheheatfromanoven,“Honsays."Upclose,

youhavetowearfirefighters'clothes10theclothesyou'rewearingdon't

catchfireormelt.”

“Backin1990,lavaenteredthetownofKalapana.Thelavamovedslowlybut

steadily,“Honsays."We11evacuate（疏散）peoplefromabout150homes.Thelava

12forwardandconsumedallofthehouses."13,everyoneescaped.Buttoday

Kalapanaisburiedunder30feetoflava.

Volcanoesaren?t14toHon.They?refascinatingandexciting."My15

thingistocomeoutattheedgeofalavalake.SometimesI'vehadtosleepwith

agasmaskon."Still,Honknowshowtokeep16andknowswhenthelavais

17.“Allofasudden,itgetsreallybrightinsideyour18!”hesays,

laughing.Butthe19isworthit,becausethemoreHonandotherscientistscan

20volcanoes,thesafertheycankeepthepeoplewholivearoundthesepowerful

forcesofnature.

1.A.calmB.frozen

C.flatD.rough

2.A.bendB.sink

C.meltD.fly

3.A.thoughB.because

C.ifD.unless

4.A.collectingB.providing

C.exchangingD.sharing

5.A.KnowingB.Stopping

C.FilmingD.Remembering

6.A.smartB.careful

C.silentD.creative

7.A.whereB.how

C.whichD.what

8.A.hardeningB.moving

C.coolingD.amazing

9.A.powerfulB.crowded

C.emptyD.hot

10.A.orB.while

C.butD.so

11.A.hadtoB.oughtto

C.shouldD.could

12.A.leanedB.inched

C.putD.looked

13.A.StrangelyB.Fortunately

C.HopefullyD.Gradually

14.A.similarB.interesting

C.scaryD.important

15.A.luckyB.main

C.worryingD.favorite

16.A.safeB.busy

C.comfortableD.quiet

17.A.differentB.distant

C.closeD.slow

18.A.bagB.tent

C.carD.house

19.A.changeB.view

C.resultD.danger

20.A.thinkofB.talkabout

C.learnaboutD.hearof

II.阅读理解

Around200millionyearsago,theearthwas18degreeswarmerthanitisnow.That

mightbeabithotforhumans,butitwasjustrightforthegiantdinosaursthat

wanderedabouttheearthduringtheMesozoicera.Anewstudyfoundthatplant-eating

dinosaursmayhavecontributedtothewarmingoftheearthbyreleasingsignificant

amountsofmethane.

Thestudy,publishedinsciencejournalCurrentBiology,focusedonsauropods,

long-neckedherbivoresthatmunchedonthetopoftrees.Theywerethelargestof

thedinosaurs;foodbrokedownintheirstomachsforlongperiodsoftime.The

researchersestimatethatasauropodreleased2,675litersofmethaneper

day一addinguptoalargeamountofthegreenhousegasbeingpumpedfromdinosaur,s

gutintotheatmosphere.

Planteatersnaturallyreleasemethaneaspartoftheirdigestiveprocess.The

largertheanimal,themoremethaneitproduces.Methane,agreenhousegas,traps

heatandremainsintheatmosphereforapproximately9-15years,whichwarmsthe

atmosphere.

Today,someanimals,suchascattle,goatsandsheep,producelargeamountsof

methaneasaby-producttotheirfooddigestion.Methaneisalsoreleasedfrom

human-influencedsourcessuchaslandfill,agriculturalactivities,coalminingand

otherindustrialpractices,whichallcontributetotoday'sclimatechange,

accordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.

Theresearchersestimatethatearth,ssauropodswouldhaveproducedabout520

milliontonsofmethaneperyear一similartothetotalamountofmethaneproduced

todaybynaturalandman-madesources.However,theresearcherswarnthattheir

numbersareestimatesbasedonmultipleassumptionsaboutthedigestivesystemsand

populationsofdinosaurs.

TheauthorofthestudyDavidWilkinsonsaystheemissionofmethanefrom

dinosaurswouldhavebeenjustoneofthecausesofwarmclimateduringtheMesozoic

era.Othercausesincludegasesproducedfromvolcanoes,swampsshallowseasandso

on.Still,Wilkinsonsays,“Theamountofmethanefromdinosaursislargeenough

tohaveameasurableeffect.”

21.Scientiststhinkdinosaursmayhaveledtotheglobalwarmingbecause.

A.theyateeverythingtheyfound

B.theyusuallyhadagoodappetite

C.theyreleasedalotofmethane

D.thereweretoomanydinosaursonearth

22.WhatdoweknowaboutdinosaursfromParagraph2?

A.Sauropodsfedonplants.

B.Sauropodswereofmediumsize.

C.Dinosaursusedtoliveontrees.

D.Dinosaursdigestedfoodquickly.

23.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesdoesn'tproducemethane?

A.Coalisdugoutbymachine.

B.Treesandflowersareplanted.

C.Goatsdigestgrassunderthetree.

D.Foodisbeingprocessedinthefactory.

24.Howdoestheauthormakehiswritingreliable?

A.Bylistingsomefacts.

B.Bymakingpredictions.

C.Bycitingfigures.

D.Byusingmindpictures.

25.DavidWilkinsonseemstobelievethat.

A.methanehadlittleeffectsontheearth

B.manyotherfactorscontributedtowarmclimate

C.othercausesforwarmclimatewereworthconsidering

D.dinosaursweremainlytoblameforglobalwarming

答案解析

高考高频单词与短语识记排查

跟踪训练

I.1.dangerous2.terribly3.terrifying4.cloudy5.warmth

II.6.B［句意为：我更喜欢不用的时候能折叠的桌子，这样能节省很多空间。clearup整

理，（天气）转晴，治愈；fixup准备好，修理；takeup占据，开始从事。foldup折叠，

符合题意，故选B项。］

7.A［causeapanic引起恐慌，符合句意。］

8.A［考查名词辨析。句意为：这次失败对他来说是一次很大的打击，但他没有泄气，很

快就变得和以往一样有热情了。blow打击；issue问题，议题；excuse借口；factor因素。］

9.B［句意为：她想要问他有没有威廉姆斯的消息，但是话在嘴边就是说不出来。根据语

境可知，话应该是卡在喉咙口，因此选择B项，stick''卡住"，符合题意。burst爆发，

突然发出；break打破；settle解决，定居。］

10.A［句意为：计划毁掉了，因为人们不愿意合作。inruins毁掉，荒废，成为废墟，

符合句意。inpieces破碎；indanger在危险中；introuble处于困境中，有麻烦。故选

A项。］

知识运用与阅读能力专练

I,完形填空

语篇解读文章介绍了火山学家KenHon的工作情况及他讲述的一次火山喷发的经历，让我

们知道了这些伟大科学家对科学执着的态度和对人类的巨大贡献。

1.D［calm平静的；frozen冻结的；flat平坦的；rough粗糙的。此处指火山学家KenHon

慢慢穿过粗糙的地表。因为火山刚喷发过，所以地表是粗糙不平的。故选D。］

2.C［bend使弯曲；sink下沉；melt融化；fly飞行。此处指热的岩浆还在往下流，鞋底

踩在上面有点融化。故选C。］

3.C［though尽管；because因为；if如果；unless除非。此处指如果掉下去就会被烧

伤。故选C。］

4.A［collect收集；provide提供；exchange更换；share分享。此处指Hon在搜集流出

来的岩浆的数据。故选A。］

5.A［know知道；stop停止；film拍电影；remember记住。知道火山岩浆的运动能挽救

坡下的生命。故选A。］

6.B［smart聪明的；careful小心的；silent沉默的；creative创造性的。此处指Hon

必须小心，因为新的岩浆浪头向他流过来。故选B。］

7.A［句意为：每隔几分钟他就往上看看岩浆热流到哪了以确保冷却的岩浆没有阻断他逃

跑的路。此处where引导宾语从句表地点，故选A。］

8.C［hardening硬的;moving动的;cooling冷却的；amazing吃惊的。参考上题解析。

故选Co］

9.D［powerful强大的；crowded拥挤的；empty空的；hot热的。此处指喷发出的岩浆是

热的，像炉子散发出的热。故选D。］

10.D［句意为：往上靠近必须穿消防服，因此你的衣服不会着火或融化。此处表因果关系，

故选D。］

11.A［haveto不得不；oughtto应该；should应该；could能，会。此处指由于岩浆慢

慢平稳地移动所以不得不疏散人们。故选A。］

12.B［lean倾斜；inch慢慢前进；put放；look看。此处指岩浆慢慢前进毁灭了所有的

房子。故选B。］

13.B［strangely奇怪地；fortunately幸运地；hopefully有希望地；gradually逐渐

地。此处指人们已被疏散，所以说幸运的是人们都逃走了。故选B。］

14.C［similar相似的；interesting有趣的；scary提心吊胆的；important重要的。此

处指对于Hon来说火山不是让他提心吊胆的，而是迷人的和令人兴奋的。故选C。］

15.D［lucky幸