（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Science and nature练习（含解析）牛津译林版必修5-牛津版高三必修5英语试题

必修五Unit3Scienceandnature检测评价A卷Ⅰ.单项填空1．—IrememberyousaidthatyoulikeChinabecauseithascheapbeers.—Yes,________cheap.Chrisbergislessthan＄1.A．unbelievably B．probablyC．relevantly D．properly解析：选Aunbelievably“难以置信地”；probably“大概，或许”；relevantly“贴切地”；properly“恰当地”。根据该句后一句“Chrisberg还不到1美元”可知，回答者认为这儿的啤酒“让人难以置信地”便宜，故选A。2．Lifecanbetoughsometimes,buttheelderlyalwaystellusthatwecan________thebadintothegoodwitheffortsandwisdom.A．transform B．exchangeC．transport D．consume解析：选A考查动词辨析。句意：生活有时会很艰难，但是长辈们总是对我们说，只要付出努力和智慧，我们就能把坏事变成好事。transform...into...“把……转变为……”，符合题意。3．________mademanycontestantsangryis________wascalledthefairplayturnedouttobeunfairatall.A．What;thatwhat B．What;whatC．It;that D．It;whatthat解析：选A根据句子结构可知is前面是主句，主句中缺少主语，所以第一空填what。第二空谓语动词is后，是表语从句，通常由that引导，一般不省略；而且表语从句中的主句是________wascalledthefairplay，又缺少主语，因此wascalled的主语是what。故选A项。4．(2019·江苏五市联考)Evenifsheis________theproposalnow,wecan'trelyonhersupport;sheisthekindofpersonwhoblowshotandcold.A．inhonourof B．infaceofC．inneedof D．infavourof解析：选D句意：即使她现在赞成这个建议，我们也不能依靠她的支持，她是个反复无常的人。infavourof“赞成”，符合句意。inhonourof“向……表示敬意”；infaceof“面对”；inneedof“需要”。5．Confidenceismorethanjustanattitude;itcomesfromastrongcommitmenttotake________，ratherthanjustletlifehappen.A．consideration B．effectC．responsibility D．account解析：选C句意：自信并不仅仅是态度问题。它来源于负责任的有力承诺，而不是随波逐流。consideration“考虑”；effect“影响”；responsibility“责任”；account“解释，账户”。根据句意可知选C。6．NashwontheNobleMemorialPrizeinEconomicSciencesforhisworkongametheory.Hislifestorywas________intothemovieABeautifulMindin2001.A．adapted B．adoptedC．adjusted D．accepted解析：选A句意：纳什因其在博弈论上的贡献获得了诺贝尔经济科学纪念奖。他的人生故事在2001年被改编成电影《美丽心灵》。adapt“改编”，符合句意。adopt“采纳；收养”；adjust“调整，调节”；accept“接受”。7．(2019·淮安检测)Ihavebeenconvincedthattheprintmediaareusuallymore________andmorereliablethantelevision.A．accurate B．ridiculousC．urgent D．shallow解析：选A句意：我相信平面媒体要比电视有更高的准确度和可信赖度。此处用accurate“精确的，准确的”与后面的reliable“可信赖的，可依靠的”保持一致，故选A项。ridiculous“可笑的，荒谬的”；urgent“紧急的，迫切的”；shallow“浅的；肤浅的”。8．(2019·常州模拟)Thetypeandquantityofillegaldrugsapersoniscarryingwhen________bythepolicedeterminethepunishment,________fromasmallfinetolifeimprisonment.A．caught;ranging B．caught;rangedC．catching;ranging D．catching;ranged解析：选A句意：一个人被警察抓获时携带的非法毒品的种类和数量决定处罚的轻重，从小额罚款到终身监禁。第一个空格为状语从句的省略，补全为“whenapersoniscaughtbythepolice”；第二个空格考查非谓语动词作状语，rangefrom...to...意为“范围从……到……”，不及物动词短语，故用现在分词作状语。9．(2019·江苏高考考前冲刺)—________，Icanattachnodefinitemeaningtothisrathergrandsentence.—Whynotturntoyourteacherforhelp?A．AshardImighttry B．TryhardasImightC．AshardasImighttry D．TryashardasImight解析：选B句意：“尽管我很努力地尝试，我还是不能弄清这一长句的意思。”“为什么不问问你的老师？”连词as引导让步状语从句，从句需倒装。当副词修饰动词原形时，副词要一并提前。10．(2019·南通、泰州模拟)________youthinkthatyourparentsaremean­spiritedattimes,lovingyourparentsisanormalandsatisfyingpartoflife.A．Evenif B．NowthatC．Asthough D．Incase解析：选A句意：即便你认为你的父母有时候气量小，爱他们仍然是生活中正常的并且令人满足的一部分。evenif“即使，虽然”；nowthat“既然，由于”；asthough“好像，似乎”；incase“万一，假使”。根据句意可知选A。11．Manyhouseswerecompletelydestroyedinthehurricanewhichstruckthearealastweek.________，thevictimshadtoliveinthetemporarysheltersofferedbytheRedCross.A．Asaresultof B．AsaconsequenceC．Asusual D．Asfor解析：选B句意：许多房屋被上周袭击该地区的飓风给摧毁了。结果，受害者不得不住在红十字会提供的临时避难所里。asaresultof“由于……的结果”，of后须接宾语；asaconsequence＝asaresult“结果，因此”；asusual“跟往常一样”；asfor“至于”。故B项符合语境。12．Everybodysaiditwasaperfectmarriage;noonehadeverknown________couple.A．thehappier B．ahappierC．ahappiest D．thehappiest解析：选B句意：大家都说那是一桩美满的婚姻，没有人认识(比他们)更幸福的一对了。根据句意可知，设空处应该用比较级，故排除C、D两项；“定冠词＋形容词比较级”表示“两者当中较……的”，所以A项不合题意；“不定冠词＋形容词比较级”表示“更……的一个”，故B项符合题意。13．WiththehelpoftheInternet,differentcountrieshavecometogethertoformacommunity________peoplecansharethoughtsandglobalissues.A．whose B．whichC．where D．when解析：选C句意：在因特网的帮助下，不同国家的人可以聚集在一起形成一个可以分享想法和全球问题的社区。先行词是community，在定语从句中作地点状语，故选where。14．(2020届高三·泰州质检)—Theauthorityconcernedmusthavetakenstrictermeasurestoensuretrafficsafetynextyear,________it?—Yes,definitely.A．didn't B．mustn'tC．hasn't D．won't解析：选C句意：“有关权威一定会在明年实施更严格的交管措施确保交通安全，是吧？”“是的，的确。”当musthavedone强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语)，反意疑问句要用“haven't/hasn't＋主语”。故选C。15．OK,wakeup!Onlywhenyoustopseekingshortcutstosuccess________beingsuccessfulmeanshardwork.A．youhaverealized B．haveyourealizedC．canyourealize D．youcanrealize解析：选C句意：好了，醒醒！只有当你停止寻找通往成功的捷径时，你才能认识到成功意味着努力工作。“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，后面句子使用部分倒装。Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·徐州质检)Itisimportanttobuildconfidenceinwhateverwetrytodo.Let'sjustsaythatcookinghasnot__1__beenmything.ManyofmyfriendsknowthatI__2__alotofmeals.WhenweinvitedpeopleovertheywantedtoknowifIwouldbenearthekitchenbeforetheywould__3__.Afteronebrutalbatchofchili,Idecidedtoputsome__4__intolearninghowtocook.Ibeganvisitingcookingwebsitesbutwasdiscouragedbytheirlackofpicturesandfelt__5__.Iborrowedacookbookfromthelibrarybutdidn'thaveanyofthefood__6__tomakewhattheyweresuggesting.__7__，Ididsomethingthatmostwouldthinkiscommonsense.Istartedtoreadandfollowthe__8__thatmostfoodsprovideonthepackage.Whoknewthattheywouldbeso__9__？Ineverwouldhaveimprovedmycookingskillswithouttryingtogetbetter.NowasmuchasIwouldliketosayfromthatpointoneverythingwent__10__.Justlikelearninganythingittookalotof__11__.AtfirstIundercookedthebakedchicken.ThenI__12__thechicken.Finally,afterthreeattempts,itwasedible(可吃的)butIforgottoseason(调味)it__13__.OnceImadeitthroughthosecooking__14__，Icannowbakechickenwiththebestofthem.AfterI__15__chickenIwasontomynextdish,spaghetti.Ifollowedthewaystocookthenoodlesandgotthemjustright.Iaddedthemeatandsauceblendtothenoodlesandwas__16__byhowwateryeverythingcameout.Oops,Iforgotto__17__thenoodles.Spaghettionlytook__18__triestogetitright.Mytrialanderrorhelpedmestartbuildingconfidence.Whenitcomestobuildingconfidencethereisa(n)__19__thatoneshouldfollow.Buildingconfidenceinlifeisjustlikecooking.Youhavetotakethetimetolearnthe__20__beforeyoubecomesuccessfulatit.语篇解读：文章通过作者在学习做饭过程中不断尝试的经历告诉我们只要我们肯努力，最终一定能够建立自信。1．A.merely B．reallyC．yet D．always解析：选D结合主题及第四段第一句中的“AtfirstIundercookedthebakedchicken.”可知我通常都不喜欢做饭。merely意为“仅仅，只是”；really意为“实际上”；yet意为“但是”；always意为“通常”。2．A.bought B．cookedC．ruined D．wasted解析：选C句意：我很多朋友都知道我糟蹋过很多饭菜。buy意为“购买”；cook意为“做菜，烹饪”；ruin意为“破坏”；waste意为“浪费”。3．A.comment B．complainC．try D．accept解析：选D句意：当我们要邀请一些人来的时候，他们想知道这次做饭我是否会进厨房，然后再决定是否接受邀请。comment意为“评论”；complain意为“抱怨”；try意为“尝试”；accept意为“接受”。4．A.time B．moneyC．attraction D．joy解析：选A由后文的“learninghowtocook”及“visitingcookingwebsites”可知，我决定花些时间学做饭。time意为“时间”；money意为“金钱”；attraction意为“吸引力”；joy意为“喜悦，快乐”。5．A.aimless B．hopelessC．bored D．worried解析：选C由前文“wasdiscouragedbytheirlackofpictures”可知，我感到很无趣。aimless意为“无目的的”；hopeless意为“绝望的”；bored意为“无趣的，烦人的”；worried意为“担心的”。6．A.crops B．materialsC．writers D．suppliers解析：选B由后文“tomakewhattheyweresuggesting”可知，没有他们建议做的食物的食材。crop意为“农作物”；material意为“材料；原料”；writer意为“作者”；supplier意为“供应商”。7．A.Confused B．DisappointedC．Relaxed D．Delighted解析：选B通过前文“wasdiscouraged”、“feltbored”及“didn'thaveanyofthefoodmaterials”可知，作者非常失望。confused意为“困惑的，糊涂的”；disappointed意为“失望的”；relaxed意为“轻松的”；delighted意为“高兴的，欣喜的”。8．A.directions B．examplesC．schedules D．descriptions解析：选A由后文“mostfoodsprovideonthepackage”可知，很多食物包装袋给的说明书。directions意为“说明书”；example意为“范例，举例”；schedule意为“进度表”；description意为“描述”。9．A.ambiguous B．accurateC．attractive D．useful解析：选D句意：谁知道它们会这么有用呢？ambiguous意为“含糊的”；accurate意为“正确的”；attractive意为“吸引人的”；useful意为“有用的”。10．A.smoothly B．quicklyC．wrong D．unexpected解析：选A由前文“Ineverwouldhaveimprovedmycookingskillswithouttryingtogetbetter”可知，一切都进展顺利。smoothly意为“顺利地；平稳地”；quickly意为“快速地”；wrong意为“错误的”；unexpected意为“意外的；想不到的”。11．A.courage B．practiceC．energy D．effort解析：选B句意：就像学任何东西一样，学做饭也是需要练习的。courage意为“勇气，胆量”；practice意为“练习；实践”；energy意为“能量；精神”；effort意为“努力”。12．A.boiled B．tastedC．abandoned D．burned解析：选D由前文“AtfirstIundercookedthebakedchicken”及“afterthreeattempts”可知，第二次我把鸡肉烤焦了。boil意为“煮沸”；taste意为“品尝；体验”；abandon意为“放弃”；burn意为“燃烧”。13．A.gradually B．eventuallyC．appropriately D．particularly解析：选B句意：最后，经过三次尝试鸡是能吃了，但是我最终还是忘记加调味了。根据语境可知这里表达煮菜的最后一个步骤。gradually意为“逐渐地”；eventually意为“最终”；appropriately意为“适当地”；particularly意为“特别地”。14．A.delights B．experiencesC．dreams D．classes解析：选B句意：曾经那些煮菜的经历让自己把菜成功烧出来了，现在我能够做出最好吃的烤鸡。delight意为“高兴，快乐”；experience意为“经历”；dream意为“梦想”；class意为“班级，等级”。15．A.enjoyed B．barbecuedC．mastered D．rejected解析：选C根据前文的“madeit”可知，我掌握烤鸡的烹饪技能后。enjoy意为“享受”；barbecue意为“烧烤”；master意为“掌握；精通”；reject意为“拒绝”。16．A.upset B．calmedC．shocked D．bothered解析：选C由后文“howwateryeverythingcameout”可知，东西湿湿地出来让自己很吃惊。upset意为“弄翻；使……烦恼”；calm意为“使冷静”；shock意为“使震惊”；bother意为“打扰”。17．A.dry B．fryC．cool D．mix解析：选A前文的“watery”可知，我忘记把面条弄干了。dry意为“弄干”；fry意为“油炸，油煎”；cool意为“冷却；平息”；mix意为“混合，相容”。18．A.two B．severalC．casual D．simple解析：选A前文烤鸡“afterthreeattempts”，这里用了only意味着比three要少。several意为“几个”；casual意为“随意的”；simple意为“简单的”。19．A.tendency B．arrangementC．agenda D．recipe解析：选D句意：当涉及建立自信的时候，要遵照下面的方法。tendency意为“趋势”；arrangement意为“安排”；agenda意为“议事日程”；recipe意为“食谱，处方”。20．A.aims B．proceduresC．skills D．rules解析：选C句意：生活中建立自信就像烹饪一样，在你成功之前你必须花时间去学习技能。aim意为“目标”；procedure意为“程序”；skill意为“技能，技巧”；rule意为“规则”。Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2020届高三·常州模拟)We'vebeenhearingfeedbackfromourcustomersaboutthewaywehandleperformanceforiPhoneswitholderbatteriesandhowwehavecommunicatedthatprocess.WeknowthatsomeofyoufeelApplehasletyoudown.Weapologize.There'sbeenalotofmisunderstandingaboutthisissue,sowewouldliketoclarifyandletyouknowaboutsomechangeswe'remaking.Firstandforemost,wehavenever—andwouldnever—doanythingtointentionallyshortenthelifeofanyAppleproduct,ordegradetheuserexperiencetodrivecustomerupgrades.Ourgoalhasalwaysbeentocreateproductsthatourcustomerslove,andmakingiPhoneslastaslongaspossibleisanimportantpartofthat.Allrechargeablebatteriesareconsumablecomponentsthatbecomelesseffectiveastheirabilitytoholdachargereduces.Timeandthenumberoftimesabatteryhasbeenchargedarenottheonlyfactorsinthischemicalagingprocess.Deviceusealsoaffectstheperformanceofabatteryoveritslifespan.Forexample,leavingorchargingabatteryinahotenvironmentcancauseabatterytoagefaster.Achemicallyagedbatterybecomeslesscapableofdeliveringpeakenergyloads,especiallyinalowstateofcharge,whichmayleadtoadeviceunexpectedlyshuttingitselfdowninsomesituations.Itshouldgowithoutsayingthatwethinksudden,unexpectedshutdownsareunacceptable.Wedon'twantanyofouruserstoloseacall,misstakingapictureorhaveanyotherpartoftheiriPhoneexperienceinterruptedifwecanavoidit.AboutayearagoiniOS10.2.1,wedeliveredasoftwareupdatethatimprovespowermanagementduringpeakworkloadstoavoidunexpectedshutdownsoniPhone6,iPhone6Plus,iPhone6s,iPhone6sPlus,andiPhoneSE.Withtheupdate,iOSdynamicallymanagesthemaximumperformanceofsomesystemcomponentswhenneededtopreventashutdown.Whilethesechangesmaygounnoticed,insomecasesusersmayexperiencelongerlaunchtimesforappsandotherreductionsinperformance.Ofcourse,whenachemicallyagedbatteryisreplacedwithanewone,iPhoneperformancereturnstonormalwhenoperatedinstandardconditions.Toaddressourcustomers'concerns,torecognizetheirloyaltyandtoregainthetrustofanyonewhomayhavedoubtedApple'sintentions,we'vedecidedtotakethefollowingsteps：Appleisreducingthepriceofanout­of­warrantyiPhonebatteryreplacementby＄50—from＄79to＄29—foranyonewithaniPhone6orlaterwhosebatteryneedstobereplaced,startinginlateJanuaryandavailableworldwidethroughDecember2018.Earlyin2018,wewillissueaniOSsoftwareupdatewithnewfeaturesthatgiveusersmorevisibilityintothehealthoftheiriPhone'sbattery,sotheycanseeforthemselvesifitsconditionisaffectingperformance.AtApple,ourcustomers'trustmeanseverythingtous.Wewillneverstopworkingtoearnandmaintainit.Weareabletodotheworkweloveonlybecauseofyourfaithandsupport—andwewillneverforgetthatortakeitforgranted.Title:AMessagetoOurCustomersaboutiPhoneBatteriesandPerformanceSubtitlesDetails(1)________andpromise·Wearesorryforlettingyoudown.·Weneverdegradeuserexperience.Howbatteries(2)________·time·timesabatteryhasbeencharged·(3)________adeviceisused(4)________ofagedbatteryOurdevicemayshutitselfdownunexpectedly,resulting(5)________thepoorcapabilityofdeliveringpeakenergyloads.(6)________ofunexpectedshutdownsAsoftwareupdatewasdeliveredtoimprovepowermanagementby(7)________themaximumperformanceofsomesystemcomponents,which(8)________reducestheirperformance.Addressingcustomerconcerns·We'llreducethepriceofsomebatteryreplacement.·We'llissueaniOSsoftwareupdate,(9)________customerstoseeforthemselvesifthe(10)________conditionisaffectingperformance.答案：1.Apology2.age3.how4.Consequence5.from6．Prevention7.managing8.occasionally/sometimes9．helping/enabling/allowing10.battery's检测评价B卷阅读理解A(2019·无锡高三一模)Advertisingisfirstjourneymarketing.Youronlygoalinadvertisingistoshowenoughgoldtogetpeopletowanttobeaprospect(期望).Forgetaboutsellingthemanything.Thenhowdoyoushowthemthegold?Keystoeffectiveadvertisingareasfollows.Talktooneperson,andcallhis/hername.OnacrowdedManhattanstreet,elbow­to­elbowwithaseaofpeople,Istillheardsomeonespeakinaconversationalvoice—“Mark.”Iturnedmyheadaround.Ofcoursehewastalkingtosomeoneelse,butitstillcaughtmyattention.Youneedtospeaktooneperson,andcallhis/hername.Inmarketing,thenextbestthingtoapersonalnameisyourWhoandWhat.Forexample,“Golfers”＝who“have_knee_pain_affecting_their_swing？”＝what.Educatetheminahelpfulway.Ifyouhaveroom,takethetimetoexplainonepointthatwillhelpthemwiththeproblemtheyarefacing.Forsmalleradsyoucanjustpointthemtowardsawebpagewhereyouwanttoeducatethemaboutsomethinghelpful.Forinstance，“Mostpainisactuallycausedbystress.Stoppingthestressmeansdecreasingorstoppingthepain.Rightnow,justnoticeyourkneepain.Seeifyoucannoticewhereyourlegsandhipsfeeltense,andbreatheintothetension.Asitrelaxes,seehowthepainfeels.”Ifyouhavemorespace,youcangointomoredetails.Offeratrade:theircontactinformationforsomethingvaluable.“Ofcourse,yourkneepainisn'tgonecompletely.Thisisjustaclue.Ifyou'dlikeafreearticlewithillustrationsonhowtodecreasekneepainandhelpyourswing,justleaveyourcontactinformationandyouwillbegivenanadditionalgolfswingtipeveryweek.”Youcanjustfollowthisexample.Finally,don'tignoredesign.Keepitsimple.Inaloud,overcrowdedworld,simplicityandstraightforwardnesshavethebestchanceofbeingnoticed.Useplentyofwhitespace,easy­to­readfront(字体),andavoidcomplicatedpatterns.Besides,youcantryRobinWilliams(notTHATRobinWilliams)book,TheNon­Designer'sDesignBook's.Maybeyoucanlearnsomethingfromit.Havefunwithyouradvertising!eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是如何使广告做得成功，受人关注。)1．Whichofthefollowingisatipforadvertisingsuccessfully?A．Callone'snamewhenevermeetingwithsomeone.B．Keepinmindthatadvertisingisfirstjourneymarketing.C．Payattentiontodesignandkeepitcomplicatedifpossible.D．Educateyourpotentialcustomersaboutsomethinghelpful.解析：选D细节理解题。由Educatetheminahelpfulway部分的“Forsmalleradsyoucanjustpointthemtowardsawebpagewhereyouwanttoeducatethemaboutsomethinghelpful.”可知，就一些小的广告，你可以给他们一个网址，教育他们哪些是有用的。2．Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthepassage?A．Thegolfer'skneewashurtandhecan'tplaygolfanymore.B．Thegolfercan'tswingbecauseofthekneepainandheneedstreatment.C．Thegolfer'skneepainwascausedbystressandweshouldhelphimstopthestress.D．Thegolfercan'tplaygolfanymoreandwe'llspeaktohimandofferhimsometips.解析：选B句意理解题。根据上一句可知在市场营销的时候，你要注意针对某一个人，了解他是谁，需要什么。比如一个高尔夫队员，就意味着有可能会由于膝盖受损导致不能旋转挥杆，因此就需要治疗。BItseemshardtowatchsomeoneyawn(打哈欠)andnottoyawnourselves.Evenreadingaboutyawningcanmakeyoudoit.Now,anewstudyhasfoundwhyyawninghassuchapowerfulforce.Yawningwhenothersyawn,thestudysuggests,isasignofpityandaformofsocialconnection.Kidsdon'tdevelopthisdeeplyrootedbehavioruntilaroundagefour,thestudyfound.Kidswithautism(自闭症)arelesslikelytocatchyawns.Inthemostseriouscases,theyneverdo.Yawningmighthelpdoctorstoseewhetherthechildrenaredevelopingrightly.Theworkcouldalsoleadtoabetterunderstandingofthewaysthatpeoplecommunicateandconnect.“Emotionalinfection(传染)seemstobeabornthingthatconnectsustogether，”saidMollyHelt,agraduatestudentinpsychologyattheUniversityofConnecticut.“Yawningmaybepartofthat.”Inspirationforherstudycamewhenshetriedtogetherownautisticsontoclearhisearsonanairplane.Sherepeatedlyyawnedathim,hopinghewouldyawnback.Heneverdid.“Thefactthatautistickidsdon'tdoitmightmeanthey'rereallymissingoutonthatemotionalconnectionwithpeoplearoundthem，”shesaid.“Thebiggestthingpeopletrytofigureoutafterbirthishowwebecomehumansandunderstandingthathumanshavemindsthataredifferentfromothers'，”sheadded.“Autisticpeopleneverseemtounderstandthat.”Likeinfectiouslaughterandcrying,scientistshavefoundthatyawningisasharedexperiencethatpromotessocialconnection.Heltsaiditcouldfightstressafteraperiodofbeingnervousandspreadafeelingofcalmthroughagroup.语篇解读：大家都知道打哈欠会在人与人之间传染。研究发现，打哈欠是人们之间一种情感交流的方式。3．Whatdoesthenewstudysuggestaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Itiseasytostopyawningwhenyouseeothersyawn.B．YawninghassomemysteriousforcewhichisrelatedtoGod.C．Childrenfollowothersintoyawningjustaftertheyareborn.D．Yawningisaformofcommunication.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一、二段的描述可知，打哈欠会传染，这是人们有怜悯心的表现，也是社会联系的一种表现形式，是人们交流的一种方式，故D项正确。4．AccordingtoMollyHelt,________.A．emotionsareinfectious,butyawningisnotB．yawninghelpsclearearsonplanesC．humansdifferfromanimalsbecausetheycommunicatewithothersD．yawningisakindofemotionalconnectionamonghumans解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，MollyHelt从患有自闭症的儿子不会受到传染而打哈欠这件事中得到灵感，意识到打哈欠是人们之间的一种情感交流的方式，故选D项。5．Theauthorimpliesinthelastparagraphthat________.A．itisbadmannerstoyawnonsomesocialoccasionsB．yawningcanmakepeoplefeelrelaxedC．yawningisdifferentfrominfectiouslaughterandcryingintheoryD．themoreyouyawn,thehappieryouwillbe解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，打哈欠有抗压的功效，还可以在团队中传递一种安宁的感觉。由此可推知，它能让人感觉放松。C(2019·苏北四市联考)I'dliketosharealittlestorywithyouaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenIwasfour.Irememberitclearly.Ourlovingfamilydogwasnearingtheendofhislife.Myfatherpickedhimupandputhiminalittlebedwehadmadeforhim.Ourdog,mycompanion,whomwehadcaredfor,bitmyfatherwhenheattemptedtohelphim.Howcouldhe?Why?Icouldn'tunderstandit.Ididn'tlikehimanymore.Ihadn'tthoughtaboutthatstoryforalongtimebutsomethingthathappenedlastweekbroughtitbacktome.Iwenttospeakwithafriend.WhenIknockedonthedoor,Imetinaninstantanangrylookandafewharsh(尖刻的)words.Whenthedoorwasslammed(砰地关上)inmyface,Istoodthereshocked,andinarush,Iwasremindedofmydogbitmyfather20yearsagoorso.Whatbroughtthatstorybackwasthatsamefeelingofbetrayal.Bothstoriestaughtmesomethingthenextday.Yousee,whenIgotupinthemorningandwastoldmydoghaddied,itbecamecleartomethathemusthavebeeningreatpain.Forhimtohavebittenafamilymember,hecouldnothavebeenhimself.MuchthesamefortheotherstorywhenIlearnedthatmyfriend'swifehadjustlefthim.Weareallbeingsofourenvironments,ouropinionsandfeelings.Andallofthosethingscancauseyoutosayanddothingsthatcan'tbeunderstoodbythosewhoarenotinthesamesituationwithyou.Ifyoumeetsomeoneeitherbehavingoutofcharacteroractinginawaythatdoesn'tseemtofitthesituation,putoutyourhandandbepatientwhenyouthinkitisleastpossibleforhimtodoso.Youmayturnaroundastorythathasasadendingsimplybyyouractions.语篇解读：我们的情绪会受到环境和心境的影响。处在不同情境中的人，有时候互相之间很难理解。作者通过自己经历的两个事例，感悟到当你的家人或挚友突然对你的态度表现异常时，要对他/她伸出援手，耐心些。6．Theincidentthathappenedwhentheauthorwasfour________.A．hurttheauthor'sfeelingdeeplyB．haspuzzledtheauthoreversinceC．leftadeepimpressionontheauthorD．madetheauthordislikedogs解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者对所发生的事情清楚记得，尽管那个时候他才四岁，说明此事给他留下了深刻的印象，因此选C项。7．Whatmadetheauthorthinkaboutthestoryofabout20yearsago?A．Hisfriend'sattitude.B．Thephotoofthedog.C．Hisfather'swound.D．Hisfriend'ssuffering.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，当作者去找朋友聊天时，朋友却恶语相向，当着面砰的一声把门关上，作者没想到朋友对他的态度竟是如此，从而想起了二十年前父亲被狗咬的事情，所以选A项。8．Theauthor'sfriendsaidharshwordstotheauthorbecause________.A．hewasbad­temperedB．hewassufferingthepainoflosinghiswifeC．hewasbotheredbyanunexpectedvisitD．theyoncequarreledandhecouldn'tforgivetheauthor解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，朋友正在经受失去妻子的痛苦，所以选B项。9．Whatconclusiondidtheauthorgetfromthetwostories?A．Misunderstandingshouldberemovedintime.B．Sometimesonewillbehurtwithoutanyreason.C．Manypeoplethinkmoreofthemselvesandlessofothers.D．Manyfactorswillaffectone'sbehavior.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，人们说话做事是受着环境、舆论、情感等诸多因素的影响，只是处境不同的人互相不一定能理解，所以选D项。D(2019·无锡高三一模)Howwellpreparedwouldthepersonbeifheweretocallonaprospectivecustomerforus?AsIseeit,therearefourkeystogettinghired.Preparetowin.“Ifyoumissonedayofpractice,younoticethedifference，”thesayinggoesamongmusicians.“Ifyoumisstwodaysofpractice,thecriticsnoticethedifference.Ifyoumissthreedaysofpractice,theaudiencenoticethedifference.”TheMichaelJordansoftheworldhavetalent,yes,butthey'realsothefirstonesonandthelastonesoffthebasketballcourt.Thesamepreparationappliesineveryformofhumanendeavor.Youwon'tgeteveryjobyougoafter.Thebestsalespeopledon'tcloseeverysale.MichaelJordanmakesbarelyhalfofhisfield­goalattempts.Butittakesnolongertopreparewellforoneinterviewthantowanderinhalf­preparedforfive.Andyourprospectsforsuccesswillbemanytimesbetter.Neverstoplearning.RecentlyIplayedadoublestennismatchpairedwitha90­year­old.Iwonderedhowthingswouldworkout;Ishouldn'thave.Wehammeredouropponents6∶1,6∶1!Aswewereswitchingsidestoplayathirdset,hesaidtome，“DoyoumindifIplaythebackhandcourt?Ialwaysliketoworkonmyweaknesses.”Whatafantasticexampleofapersonwhohasneverstoppedlearning.Incidentally,wewonthethirdset6∶1.Aswewalkedoffthecourt,my90­year­oldpartnerlaughedandsaid，“Ithoughtyou'dliketoknowaboutmynumber­onerankingindoublesintheUnitedStatesinmyagebracket(年龄段),85andup！”Hewasn'tthinking90;hewasn'teventhinking85.Hewasthinkingnumberone.Believeinyourself,evenwhennooneelsedoes.Doyourememberthefour­minutemile?__(1)__Athleteshadbeentryingtodoitforhundredsofyearsandfinallydecideditwasphysicallyimpossibleforhumans.__(2)__Ourbonestructurewasallwrong,ourlungpowerinadequate.__(3)__Thenonehumanprovedtheexpertswrong.__(4)__Don'teverletanyonetellyouthatyoucan'taccomplishyourgoals.Whosaysyou'renottougher,harderworkingandmoreablethanyourcompetitors?Yousee,agoalisadreamwithadeadline:inwriting,measurable,identifiable,andattainable.Findawaytomakeadifference.Inmyopinion,themajorityofNewYorkcabdriversareunfriendly,ifnotdownrightrude.Mostofthecabsaredirty,andalmostallofthemhaveanunacceptable,bulletproofpartition(分隔).ButrecentlyIjumpedintoacabatLaGuardiaAirportandguesswhat?Itwasclean.Therewasbeautifulmusicplayingandnopartition.Holdingupachoiceofnewspapers,thecabdrivereventoldmetohelpmyselftothefruitinthebasketonthebackseat.Iwasshocked.Hedoesn'tknowit,buthe'smyhero.He'slivingproofthatyoucanalwaysshifttheoddsinyourfavor.Mymentor(良师),CurtCarlson,isthewealthiestmaninMinnesota,ownerofahotelandtravelcompanywithsalesintheneighborhoodof＄9billion.IhadtogettoameetinginNewYorkoneday,andCurtgenerouslyofferedmearideinhisjet.IthappenedtobeadaywhenMinnesotawashitwithoneoftheworstsnowstormsinyears.Minneapolis－St.P