黑龙江鸡西市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题汇编-02阅读理解

黑龙江鸡西市三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分题型分层汇

编-02阅读理解

一、阅读单选

学

而

不

思

则

同

(2O2O∙黑龙江•统考中考真题)

WhoisthegreatestteacherinChinesehistory?ManypeoplewouldthinkofConfucius

（孔子）,whosebirthdaywasSeptember28.Althoughhelivedover2,000yearsago,people

stillrememberandrespecthimforhiscontribution（贡献）totheeducationtoday.

ConfuciuslivedintheKingdomofLu,whichisinShandongProvince.Helivedduring

theSpringandAutumnPeriod（时期）.Hehadahardchildhood.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewas

only3.Hismotherbroughthimup.Asachild,hehadtoworktohelphismother,butyoung

Confuciusdidn'tgiveupstudying.Hevisitedmanyfamousteachersandlearnedmusic,

history,poetryandsports.

Later,hebecameateacherandstartedthefirstpublicschoolinChinesehistory.Atthat

timeonlychildrenfromnoblefamiliescouldgotoschool,butConfuciusbelievedeveryone

shouldgotoschooliftheywantedtoleam.Hehadabout3,000studentsinhislifetime.

Today,peoplestillfollowConfucius'lessons.Hetoldusthateveryonehassomething

worth（有价值的）tobelearned.',WhenIamwiththreepeople,oneofthemmustbebetter

thanmeinsomeareas.Ichoosetheirgoodqualities（品质）andIeamfromthem."

Healsotaughtusthatthinkingisveryimportantinstudy."Allstudybutnothinking

makespeoplepuzzled（困惑的）.Allthinkingbutnostudymakespeoplelazy."

Confuciusisnotonlyagreatteacher,butalsoafamousthinkerwithwisethoughts（思想）

abouttheworldandsociety.Hismostimportantteachingsareaboutkindnessandgood

manners.,'Apersonshouldbestrictwithhimself,butbekindtoothers."hesaid.

1.TodaywestillrememberConfuciusmainlybecause.

A.helivedapoorlifeinhischildhood

B.hehadwisethoughtsandgreatviewsabouteducation

C.hetraveledwithhisstudentsfromoneplacetoanother

2.Confuciuslearnedmusic,history,poetryandsportsasachild.

A.byvisitingmanyfamousteachers

B.withthehelpofhismother

C.bygoingtoschool

3.Theunderlinedword"noble"inParagraph3hastheclosestmeaningto.

A.poorB.lazyC.rich

4.Confuciusisnotonly,butalso.

A.agreatteacher;afamoustraveler

B.afamoussportsplayer;agreatteacher

C.agreatteacher;afamousthinker

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueinthepassage?

A.Allstudybutnothinkingmakespeoplepuzzled.

B.Confuciusthinksheisthebestofthethreepeople.

C.Apersonshouldbestrictwithhimself,butbekindtoothers.

（2022•黑龙江•统考中考真题）TheScienceMuseumisthemostfriendlymuseumin

London.Asisknowntoall,shoutingandrunningarenotallowedinmostmuseums,and

touchingtheexhibits（展品）isalsoforbidden.ButtheScienceMuseuminLondonisdifferent.

Itisnoisy!

Peopletalkaboutwhattheycanseeanddohere,andtherearesomeverynoisy

machines,too.Ifyouwantanswerstoanyofyourquestionsaboutscience,thisistheright

place.Onthesecondandthirdfloors,youcanlearnsomeknowledgeaboutcommunications,

theenvironment,chemistryandsoon.Forexample,youcanunderstandhowpeopledig

COaI（煤）fromthegroundanduseittocreateenergy.

TheLaunchpadonthethird∏ooristhemostpopularroombecauseyoucanexperience

lotsofphysicsexperiments（实验）init.Forexample,ifyouwanttofillabagwithsand,you

havetocontrolakindoftruckonwheelsandmoveitintothecorrectplace.Youcanalsofind

outhowpeopletravelintospaceandbackagainbyspaceships.Onitsfourthandfifthfloors,

youcanlearnaboutwhatmedicinewaslikeinthepast.Comparingthemedicineofthepast

withtoday,youwillfeelveryluckytoseeadoctorinthemodemhospitals!

PeopleofallagescanvisittheScienceMuseuminLondonforfree.IfsVeryinteresting.

Youcanalwaysfindsomethingnewtoyouandhaveawonderfultimehere.Themuseumis

opendailyfrom10a.m.to6p.m.,soyoucanenjoyyourselfhereforeitherafewminutesor

afewhours.

IfyougotoLondon,don,tmissthechancetovisittheScienceMuseum.

ChoosethebestchoicefromA,BorCaccordingtothepassage.

6.Theunderlinedword“forbidden“means“,,inChinese.

A.禁止B.允许C.欢迎

7.Thevisitorscan,tintheScienceMuseuminLondon.

A.travelbyspaceshipB.shoutorrunC.touchtheexhibits

8.Wherecanyouexperiencealotofphysicsexperiments?

A.Onthesecondfloor.

B.Fromtheground.

C.TheLaunchpadonthethirdfloor.

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.ThereisnoneedtobuyticketstoentertheScienceMuseuminLondon.

B.YoucanseeadoctorintheScienceMuseuminLondon.

C.Youcan,thaveavisittotheScienceMuseuminLondononweekends.

10.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.thehistoryoftheScienceMuseuminLondon

B.theintroductionoftheScienceMuseuminLondon

C.thedevelopmentoftheScienceMuseuminLondon

(2021•黑龙江鸡西•统考中考真题)

ArtMuseum

300famouspaintings

Morethan200artworks

Time:8:30am一5:30pmonweekdays

Price:adults$12each

children$6.5(freeforkidsagedunder7)

Address:15XingfuStreet

WaterPark

Allkindsofrides

Boating

Time:8:00am—6:00Pmeveryday

Price:adults$20each

children(agedunder7)$10

Address:25XiangyangRoad

SportsClub

Sportslessons:basketball;ping-pong;swimming;running

Time:8:00am—11:00ameverySaturdayandSunday

Price:only$40each

Address:35JinxiuStreet

ChoosethebestchoicefromA.BorCaccordingtowhatyouread.

11.Ifyouwanttoseesomeartworks,youcangetthereat.A.10:15amB.6:15

pmC.8:15am

12.Wherecanyoulearntoswim?

A.InArtMuseum.B.InWaterPark.C.InSportsClub.

13.Ifyouwanttotryaride,youcangoto.

A.15XingfuStreetB.25XiangyangRoadC.35JinxiuStreet

14.Ifyou,re13andyourbrotheris4,youandyourparentswanttovisitArtMuseum,how

muchshouldyoupay?

A.$18.5B.$30.5C.$37

15.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.TherearesomeoldthingsinArtMuseum.

B.Youcanpay$40fortwoping-ponglessons.

C.A14-year-oldboycanpay$20forboating.

二、阅读判断

(2020∙黑龙江.统考中考真题)判断正误阅读下面的材料，判断下列句子是否符合

短文内容。符合的填涂''T”,不符合的填涂''F".(T=True,F=False)

HUAW^

5G∙

Moreandmorepeopleareusingmobilephonesnow.Smartphonesareusedas

televisions,cameras,andmusicplayers.Theyarealsousedforsendinge-mailsorsurfingthe

Internet.Ifsomeonetalksaboutmobilephones,manyChinesewillthinkofHuawei.

InChina,evenintheworld,HuaweiisaWOnder（奇迹）.RenZhengfeibuiltup（创建）

Huaweicompanyin1987.Thecompanysold58.4millionsmartphonesinthefirstseasonof

2019.Huaweihasgotthesecondplaceatthemobilemarket.

Now,Huaweihasbeentheleaderin5Gfield.Ithasmorethan75,000topengineersand

scientistsonresearch.Theytrytheirbesttobringdigital（数码）andhightechnologytoevery

personandplace.It,smoreconvenientformodempeopletoliveinarapidway.Whatauseful

technology5Gis!

WearelookingforwardtoseeingastrongerHuawei.Itprovidesafasterandbetter

communicationwayforus.Italsobrings“CreatedinChina^^totheworld.

16.YoucanuseHuaweimobilephonestotakephotos.

17.RenZhengfeisetupHuaweicompanyin1987.

18.Huaweihasgotthefirstplaceatthemobilemarket.

19.FewtopengineersandscientistsworkonresearchinHuaweicompany.

20.Huaweigivesusaslowercommunicationway.

（2022•黑龙江•统考中考真题）I,mmymother,sthirdgirl.WhenIwasborn,thedoctor

gentlyexplainedtomymotherthatmyleftarmwasmissing,belowtheelbow（肘）.Thenshe

gavehersomeadvice,44Don,ttreatheranydifferentlyfromothers.'5Andshedid.

Therearefivegirlsinmyfamily,andweallhadtohelpout.OncewhenIwasabout

seven,Icameoutofthekitchen,ςςMum,Ican,tpeelpotatoes.Ionlyhaveonehand.”"Get

backtopeelthesepotatoes,anddon,teverusethatasanexcuseforanythingagain!,,

OfcourseIcouldpeelpotatoes-withmygoodhandandmyotherarm.ςςJenny,ifyou

tryhard,^^shesaid,ς4youcandoanything.”

Onceinthesecondgrade,ourteacherhadeachofusraceacrossthemonkeybar（攀爬

架）∙

Whenitwasmyturn,Isaidno.Somekidslaughed.Iwenthomecrying.

ThenextafternoonMumtookmebacktotheschoolplayground.fcfcNow,pullupwith

yourrightarm.^^Sheadvised.ShepraisedmewhenImadeprogress.I,llneverforgetwhenI

wascrossingthebar,thekidswerestandingtherewiththeirmouthsopen.

Itwasthewaywitheverything.Mumhadthecouragetofaceanything.Andshetaught

meIcould,too.

Judgethefollowingsentencestrue（T）orfalse（F）accordingtothepassage.

21.Thewriterhasfourothersistersinherfamily.

22.Thedoctor,sadvicemeansthatthemumshouldtreatthewriterdifferentlybecauseher

rightarmismissing.

23.Thewriter'smumpeeledthepotatoesatlast.

24.Mumtookthewriterbacktotheschoolplaygroundthenextmorningandaskedhertotry

onemoretime.

25.Fromthepassage,weknowthatMumencourageherdaughtertofaceanythingbravely

justlikeher.

（2021•黑龙江鸡西•统考中考真题）LiShijin,30,didn,texpecttomakeaIiVing（谋

生）throughhisvoice.

LibegantoworkasacompanysalesmaninLiaoningProvincein2012.Hetriedtofind

apart-timejobasaweddinghost（婚礼主持人）toimprovehisconfidence.

AroundtheSpringFestivalin2014,hestartedlisteningtoaudiobooks（音频书）.After

beingalistenerfortwoyears,hedecidedtorecordhimselfreadingbooks.Then,hepostedhis

firstaudiobookYouthWillNotReturnonQingtingin2016.Itwasbroadcast（广播）and

listenedtoabout20milliontimes.

Ayearlater,afterhehadreadthreeaudiobooks,hewassignedup（签约）asavoice

performerbyQingting.ButhewasundergreatpressurewhenhewassignedupbyQingting.

“Toimprovemyability,Ididn,tsleepformorethanfivehoursadayduringthatyear.Ihad

betterresultsthefollowingyear.,,Also,inordertodevelophisperformance,Liattendeda

trainingcourseatCommunicationUniversityofChina.Sofar,hehascompletednearly30

worksonQingting.

Ontheroadtosuccess,Liputalotofeffort.Whentalkingaboutthesecrettohissuccess,

hesaid,44Manypeoplehavegoodabilitiesandmanyworkveryhard,buttheymayfail.Early

birdsgetworms.Ibelievetheywillgetchancesandsucceedsoonerorlateriftheyholdonto

theirdreamsandkeepontrying.^^

Judgethefollowingsentencestrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassage.

26.Liworkedasaweddinghosttomakealiving.

27.LifelthappyafterbeingsignedupbyQingting.

28.Toimprovehisability,Lisleptlessthanfivehoursadayduringthatyear.

29.LiwassignedupasavoiceperformerbyQingtingin2016.

30.Thepassagetellsusifwewanttosucceed,Weshouldworkhardandnevergiveup.

三、阅读填表

(2022∙黑龙江•统考中考真题)Overthepastthirtyyears,manybigchangeshavetaken

placeinourhometown,Yuwan.Manybigcompaniesandfactorieshavebeenopened.Lotsof

tallbuildingsarestandinghereandthere.Inthepast,Yuwanwasonlyalonelyseasidevillage.

Nowithasbecomeamodemcity.

Look!Thisisthenewtrainstation.Inthepast,peoplehereneversawtrainsorbuses.

Fewpeoplehadbikes.MostpeoplewalkediftheywantedtoleaveYuwan.Nowthetrain

stationisbig.Andtherearemorebusestotakepeopletoeverypartofthecityandother

places.Therearealsoparks,museumsandplacesforpeopletoenjoysports,musicandart.

Thecitygovernmenthasbuiltmoreroads.Somepeoplehavestoppedridingbikes.Theyhave

boughtcars.Thetraffichasbeenveryheavytoday.It,samodemcitynow.

Thirtyyearsago,therewereonlyonethousandpeoplelivinginYuwan.Nowthe

populationismuchlarger.Moreandmorepeoplearecomingheretoworkorlive.Ithas

becomeanewtouristattraction(吸弓I地)aswell.Moresupermarketshavebeenopenedand

youcanenjoybeautifulbeaches.Seafoodandsomeplacesofgreatinterest.

Changestoourhometown

IntheOurhometownwasonlyalonelyseasidevillage32Yuwan.

31OnlyonethousandpeoplelivedinYuwan.

Itwashardtoseeabike.Peoplehadtogototheotherplaces

on33.

PeoplehavechangesYuwanintoa34city.

Peoplecantaketrains,busesortheirowncarstootherplacesifnecessary.

Atpresent

Youcanfindmanytallbuildings,companiesandmuseumsaswell.Nowit

hasbecomeanew35attraction.

四、阅读匹配

（2020•黑龙江・统考中考真题）36MydreamistobeontheOlympicteamfor

swimming.MydadthinksIstartedtoolateandI,llneverbemakeit.WhatshallIdo.

37WhatshouldIdoifIfailatest.I'mafraidtotellmymotherbecauseshemight

getangrywithmeandIcan,tplaysoccer.

38ΓmgoodatallsubjectsexceptEnglish.Ican,trememberwordswell.AndI

amweakinspeakingandlistening.WhatshouldIdo?

39IiustcametoanewschoolandI'mkindofshy,sohowdoImakenew

friends?

40Whatever1do,Ialwaysthinkaboutifotherpeoplewilllike.HowcanIstop

worryingaboutwhattheythink?

A.Youshouldtellyourdadaboutyourdreamsandthatyouworkreallyhard.Itmighthappen

eventhoughyoustartlate.

B.Inyournewschool,justgoovertosomeonewholooksfriendlyandtalkwithhimorher.

Youcanaskthatpersonaboutyourteacherortheotherkidsinyourclass.

C.Whenyoufailatest,it,sbettertotellyourmomthetruththanforhertofindoutanother

way.Askherifshecanhelpyoustudyinthefuture.

D.You'dbetternottellyourmotheroranyoneelseaboutit.Ithinkyoucanworkwhileyou

work,playwhileyouplay.

E.It,sagoodwaytojoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeakingEnglish.Andyoucan

makeavocabularylisttoo.

F.Justbeyourselfandtrynottocareaboutwhatothersthink.Themoreyouthinkaboutit,

theworseyouwillfeel.Justrelax.

G.Youshouldn'ttellyourfriends.Andyoushoulddealwithitbyyourself.

（2022•黑龙江•统考中考真题）Matchtheinformationaccordingtowhatyouread.

41.Billcaresaboutsportseventsandhowthesportsplayersarenow.

42.Tonyisinterestedinreading.Hewantstoknowwhatkindofnewbookshavecomeout

andhowsomefamouswritersarelivingnow.

43.Jacksonisreallyafilmfan.Recentlyhewouldliketoknowwhatnewmoviesarelikeand

whatsomefamoussingers,songsare.

44.Kate,sfatherisworkingabroadinSyria（叙利亚）.Awarbrokeoutthere,sosheisrather

worriedaboutthesituationinSyria.

45.Lilyisinpoorhealth.Sheissothirstyforknowinghowtokeepfit.

A.EntertainmentNewsInthissectionallkindsofnewsaboutmovies,songsandpopstars

areavailable.

B.HealthSectionWinteriscominganditiseasytogetill.Ifyouwanttoknowhowtokeep

awayfromdiseases,youshouldpayattentiontothissection.

C.HomeNewsInthissectionyouwillreadnewsabouttheeventswhichhappenedinthe

country.

D.ReadingSectionInthispart,Wewillintroducesomehotbooksandfamouswriterstoyou

staywithus!

E.InternationalNewsHereisnewsabouttheeventsthathappenedallovertheworld.

F.SportsNewsImportantsportseventsarebroadcast（Λ*播）here.Andweofteninterview

somegoodplayers.

（2021•黑龙江鸡西•统考中考真题）46AmeriCanSoftentrytosaythingsasquickly

aspossible.Forsomeexpressions,Weusethefirstlettersofthewordsinsteadofsayingeach

word.Forexample,BYOBisashortwayofsaying4ςBringYourOwnBottle”.

47Ourschoolasksustospendatleastanhouronself-readingeveryday.Some

studentsreadscientificbooksandnovels,etc.Othersthinkthatweshouldreadnewsandlife

knowledgeandsoon.

48TheMonkeyKinghelpshisShifuonIhejourneytothewest.Theymeetallkinds

ofproblems,buttheMonkeyKingcanalwayssolvethem.

49ThespiritofChinesewomen,svolleyballisfromeveryminute,everyplay,every

dayoftraining.TheyhaveOVerCOme（克服）1OtSofdifficultiestofightinallkindsofworld

matches.

50Beingagoodteamplayerisanimportantskillinlife.Youcan,tjustthinkof

yourself.Youhavetoworkwithotherpeople.Teamsusuallyhaveagoodsociallifetoo.

You,llgotolotsofpartiesandmakemanyfriends.

ChoosethebesttopicfromAtoFaccordingtothemeaningofthepassage.

A.Self-readingeveryday.

B.Fighting.

C・Shorterexpressions.

D.Thatwayyouwon,tforget.

E.Myfavoritecartooncharacter.

F.Tryatleastonekindofteamsport.

五、阅读回答问题

（2021•黑龙江鸡西•统考中考真题）Marywaswaitingfortheairplanetotakeoff.She

gotaseatbyherself.Justthen,anairhostesscameuptoherandasked,44CouIdyouplease

changeyourseat?Amanwouldliketositwithhiswife.,,Maryfeltunhappybecausetheonly

seatwasnexttoagirlwithheraimsbroken,ablack-and-blueface,andasadexpression.ςςI

don,twanttositthere,,,Marythoughtimmediately.Buttheairhostesssaid,ςςThegirlneeds

help.,,Finally,Marymovedtothatseat.

ThegirlwasnamedEmily.Shewashurtinacaraccidentandnowwasonherwayfor

treatment.Whenthesnacksandjuicearrived,MaryrealizedthatEmilycouldnotfeedherself.

Maryconsideredofferingtofeedherbuthesitated（犹豫的），asitseemedtooimpolitetooffer

aservicetoastranger.ButthenMaryrealizedthatEmily,sneedwasmoreimportant.

Maryofferedtohelphereat.AlthoughEmilywasuncomfortabletoaccept,sheagreed.

Theybecamecloserandcloserinashorttime.Marywasverygladthatshehadsatnextto

Emilyandfedher.Afterthefive-hourtrip,Mary,sheartwaswarm,andshehadapleasant

time.

Lovealwaysgoesaroundus.Weshouldhelppeopleinneed,andourworldwill

becomemoreandmorewonderful.

Answerthequestionsaccordingtothepassage.

51.HowdidMaryfeelatfirstwhenanairhostessaskedhertochangeherseat?

52.WhathappenedtoEmily?

53.WhatdidMarydoforEmilywhenthefoodarrived?

54.DidMaryrealizethatEmily,sneedwasmoreimportant?

55.WhatcanweIeamfromthepassage?

六、阅读补全句子

（2020•黑龙江•统考中考真题）Mostofushavemadeanexerciseplan,butonlyafew

canfollowit.WebMD（anAmericanwebsite）haslistedthefollowingtipsformaking

exerciseahabitinyourlife.

1.Doactivitiesyouenjoy.

Remember,there,snorulethatsaysyouhavetogotoasportscentreorbuyequipment

likeswimmingsuits.Manytypesofactivities,suchaspush-up（俯卧撑）,canbedone

wheneveritisrainyorsnowy.

2.Exerciseafterwork.

Don,tgohomefirst.Fewpeoplearesomotivated（有动力的）thattheywillgooutagain

andexerciseaftertheygohomeandchangeclothes.

3・Exerciseevenwhenyouaretired.

Tirednessisnotanexcuse.Whileexercising,youbreathedeeplyandyourbodymakes

betteruseoftheoxygen（氧气）exchange.Then,youwillfeelenergetic.

4.Noticethatyouarebetterthanbefore.

It,sgreatwhenyourclothesfitbetter,youcanliftheavierthingsortakeexerciselonger.

There'ssomethinggoodtoo,likegettingagoodnight'ssleeporthinkingmoreclearly.

5.Walkwithapedometer（计步器）

Noteveryonecanstartoutwithɪ0,000stepsaday.Useapedometer,andfindoutyour

dailysteps.Andthen,tryyourbesttowalk300extrastepseachday.Finally,youcanreach

10,000stepsaday.

Completethesummaryofthepassageabovewithonewordforeachblank.

AccordingtoWebMD,therearesomeeasywaystomakeexerciseahabit.First,when

youdoactivitiesyouenjoy,suchaspush-up,youdon'thavetoconsider56

conditions.Second,thebestwayistoexercisebeforegoinghomebecausemostpeopleare

unwillingtogooutagainandexerciseafter57clothesathome.Third,keepon

exercisingeventhoughyoufeeltired.That'sbecausetakinga58breathwillhelpyour

bodymakebetteruseofoxygenexchange.Moreover,payattentiontoyour59in

exercising,likelosingsomeweight,exercisinglonger,etc.Finally,walkwithapedometer

andfindoutyourdailysteps.Then,increasethenumberofstepsday60day.Your

goalof10,000stepsadaycanbeachieved.

七、阅读还原6选5

（2020•黑龙江•统考中考真题）Asschoolkids,wehavemanydreams.Thesedreams

canbeverybig,suchaswinningtheNobelPrize.61Youmayjustwanttobecome

oneofthetenbeststudentsinyourclass.

Onceyouhavefoundadream,whatdoyoudowithit?Haveyouevertriedtoachieve

yourdream?FollowYourHeartbyAustralianwriterAndrewMatthewstellsusthatrealizing

ourdreamsislife,sbiggestchallenge.

Youmaythinkyou,renotverygoodatsomeschoolsubjects,orthatitisimpossiblefor

youtobecomeawriter.62Infact,everyonecanrealizehisdream.Thefirstthingyou

mustdoistorememberwhatyourdreamis.

63Keeptellingyourselfwhatyouwant,andyouwillrealizeyourdreamfaster.

Dothisstepbystep.Adreamcannotberealizedinoneday.Abigdreamis,infact,many

smalldreams.

Youmustalsonevergiveuponyourdream.Therewillbedifficultiesontheroadto

realizingit.Butthebiggestdifficultycomesfromyourself.64Studyinginsteadof

watchingTVwillleadtobetterexamresults,whilesavingfiveyuaninsteadofbuyinganice

creammeansyoucanbuyanewbook.

65ButitisOKaslongasyouhavethechancetolearnmoreskillsandfindnew

interests.

A.Ortheycanbesmall.

B.Don'tletitleaveyourheart.

C.Thesekindsofthoughtsstopyoufromgettingyourdream,thebooksays.

D.Youneedtodecidewhatismostimportant.

E.Asyougetclosertoyourdream,itmaychangealittle.

F.Thenitmayhelpthemtobeconfidenttofacechallenges.

（2022•黑龙江•统考中考真题）Bridgesarebuiltoverroads,rivers,orrailways.They

appearedalongtimeago.Backthen,theywerebuiltwithstones,ropesandlogs（原木）.Some

wereverysimple,likeafootbridge（人行桥）madeoutofabigtree.66Thisis

becausewehavebettertechnologytoday.

Bridgesareamixofmaths,physics,design,andarchilecture（建筑）.Theyaredesigned

byskilledengineersandtheytakeyearstobuild.

Bridgesmustbestrongenoughtosupportnotonlytheirownweight,butalsotheweight

ofthepeopleandVehiCleS（交通工具）.Theymustlastalongtimeandbebuiltinawaythat

protectsthemfromearthquakes,strongwinds,andfreezing.

67Lefstakeacloserlookateachone.

Arch（拱）bridgeswereinventedalongtimeagobytheRomans.Theywerebuiltoutof

stoneorbrick（fi⅜）.

Beambridgesarehorizontal（zKTl¾）beamssupportedbymanycolumns.

68Thesebridgesareveryoldaswell,andpeopleusedstoneandtreestobuild

them.

Suspensionbridgeshaveatower（索塔）oneitherside.Thetowersareconnectedby

cables.Theyaremoremodern,withthefirstonesbeingbuiltintheearly19thcentury.

TheoldestbridgeintheworldistheZhaozhouBridgeinChina.69Butif

you,relookingforoneofthemostbeautifulandfamousbridges,itwouldbetheGoldenGate

BridgeinSanFrancisco.It,sasuspensionbridgebuiltin1937.Ithasis2.78kilometerslong.

Ifyouthinkthat,slong,youshouldseetheDanyang-kunshanGrandBridgeinChina.It,s

over164.85kilometerslong!70

Choosefivesentencesoutofthesixintheboxtocompletethepassage.Eachchoiceshould

beusedonlyonce.

A.It,sanarchbridgemadeoutofstonethatwasbuiltin605A.D.（公元）

B.Thethreemaintypesofbridgesarearch,beamandsuspension.

C.ThepresentLondonBridgeismorethan100feetwide.

D.Buttoday,bridgesarebigger,strongerandmoremodern.

E.Thecolumns（柱子）taketheweightofthepeopleandvehiclespassingonthebeam.

F.It,stheworld,slongestbridge.

参考答案:

1.B2.A3.C4.C5.B

【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了伟大的教育家孔子的生平、他在教育以及思想方面对社会的

贡献。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段“peoplestillrememberandrespecthimforhiscontributiontothe

educationtoday”可知，至今人们仍然记得孔子的原因是，他在教育方面做出了巨大贡献。故

选Bo

2.细节理解题。根据第二段“Hevisitedmanyfamousteachersandlearnedmusic,histoιy,poetry

andsports.”可知，孔子童年时期通过拜访很多名师，学习了音乐、历史、诗歌和体育等。故

选Ao

3.词义猜测题。POor贫穷的；IaZy懒惰的；rich富有的。根据第三段“butConfuciusbelieved

everyoneshouldgotoschooliftheywantedtoIeam”可知孔子践行每个人都只要想学习都应该

上学，可以推知在孔子办学前只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，故划线部分noble意为“贵族

的”与rich同义。故选Co

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段"ConfUciusisnotonlyagreatteacher,butalsoafamousthinker”

可知，孔子不仅是一位伟大的教育家，还是一位著名的思想家。故选C。

5.细节理解题。A选项：学而不思则罔。⅛⅛ςςAΠstudybutnothinkingmakespeoplepuzzled,5

可知，选项正确；B选项：孔子认为他是三人之中最好的。根据“WhenIamwiththreepeople,

oneofthemmustbebetterthanmeinsomeareas”表示"三人行，必有我师焉。“选项错误；C

选项：严于律己，宽以待人。根据"Apersonshouldbestrictwithhimself,butbekindtoothers”

可知，选项正确。故选B。

6.A7.A8.C9.A10.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了伦敦的科学博物馆。

6.词义猜测题。根据第一段“Asisknowntoall,shoutingandrunningarenotallowedinmost

museums,andtouchingtheexhibits（展品）isalsoforbidden.”以及结合常识可知，大喊大叫以及

触摸展品在大多数博物馆是禁止的。可见“forbidden”是“禁止”的意思。故选A。

7.推理判断题。根据第一段“Asisknowntoall,shoutingandrunningarenotallowedinmost

museums,andtouchingtheexhibits（展品）isalsoforbidden.ButtheScienceMuseuminLondon

isdifferent.Itisnoisy!”可知，大多数博物馆都不允许大喊大叫和奔跑,触摸展品也是禁止的。

但伦敦的科学博物馆不同。可推知在科学博物馆可以喊、叫、也可以触摸展品。故选A。

8.细节理解题。根据第三段“TheLaunchpadonthethirdflooristhemostpopularroombecause

youcanexperiencelotsofphysicsexperiments(实验)init.“可知，三楼的发射台是最受欢迎的

房间，因为你可以在里面体验很多物理实验。故选C。

9.细节理解题。根据第四段“PeopleofallagescanvisittheSc