2023广东省深圳市光明区高一下学期开学考英语试题及答案

高中试卷光明区2022-2023学年第二学期开学高一学业水平测试科目：英语注意事项：1答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。第一部分基础知识(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)单项选择从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Sheisapersonwhonever________abouttheunfairnessoflife.A.identifies B.judges C.illustrates D.complains2.Despitehisoldagemygrandpaisalwaysfullof________.A.energy B.engine C.stage D.image3.Ourgoalkeeper,whowasinjuredinourlastgame,hasbeen________byayoungplayer.A.rented B.replaced C.placed D.respected4.Idobelieveitispossiblefordifferentethnicgroupstolivetogetherin________.A.error B.harm C.moment D.harmony5.IfyouhaveproblemsyoucanconsultMr.Zhang,whoisa(an)________onmathematics.A.memory B.expert C.desert D.career6.Ourteacheroften________herlessonswithvividexamples.A.illustrates B.ignores C.observes D.wraps7.Inordernotto________herfriends,Marycontactedthemregularly,evenwhenshewasabroad.A.goallout B.raincatsanddogs C.losetrackof D.turnup8.Theboycouldnever________suchaquietlife;hewantedexcitement.A.settlefor B.beawareof C.burnup D.comeacross9.Wecangreatlyimproveourworkingefficiencyby________whatwearedoing.A.windingup B.settlingfor C.referringto D.concentratingon10.Wearelivinginanage________ArtificialIntelligenceispartofourdailylife.A.that B.when C.where D.which11.Jenny________havefinishedherwork.Orshewouldn’tbeplayingbadmintonnow.A.should B.needn’t C.must D.can’t12.Itisbelievedthatthecontinents________alwayswherethey________today.A.aren’t;are B.aren’t;were C.weren’t;are D.weren’t;were13.Thoughheonlybeganhiswork3monthsago,heisnowateacherthat________respectfromparentsandstudents.A.hasgained B.aregained C.havegained D.isgained14.Thisisthecarwithout________Ican’tgotowork.A.that B.which C.where D.whose15.—Whatareyouplanningtodothissummerholiday?—Well,Iamnotsosurenow.I________gotothecountrysidetovisitmygrandparents.A.might B.need C.can D.must第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATotalSolarEclipse2023AustraliaOneofnature’smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蚀)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.TherehavebeenonlyfivetotalsolareclipsesinAustraliaoverthepastcenturyandthisisthefirsthybrideclipseinmorethan1000years.Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.Youwillhavethebestpossibleviewoftheeventaswellasenjoyinglecturesandstargazingonlandandatsea.Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.Plus,therewillbeadditionaltalksfromtheAstronomicalSocietyofAustralia.Clickherefordetailedarrangementsofthetour.SingleoccupancyPerguestbasedontwopeoplesharingInteriorcabin£2,429£1,699Oceanviewcabin£3,229£2,199Ifyouwishtoaddathirdadultorchildtoyourroom,pleaseaskforaquote.Alongsidethecruise,youcanalsoexploresomeofAustralia’sbestscientificandnaturalphenomenawithaseriesoftailoredadd-ontourscoveringastronomyontheeastcoastandvisitstoUluru,Sydney,theGreatBarrierReefandmuchmore.Onthelastdayofthetour,wecansendyoubacktotheairportforyourreturnjourneyhome,oryoucanjoinoneofouradd-ontours.Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.16.Whatmakesthecruisedifferentfromothers?A.Aspecialist’sguidance.B.Atalkwithastronomers.CAchanceforstargazingD.Ameetingwithastronauts.17.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforatourinaOceanviewcabin?A.£3,229. B.£2,199. C.£6,458 D.£4,398.18.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocelebrateahistoricevent.B.Toadvertiseaspecialcruise.C.Tointroduceatravelagency.D.Toexplainanaturalphenomenon.BDeveza’smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant(肾移植).Devezawantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys,butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealthproblemsashermotherinlaterlife.Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliver(肝)forsomeoneelse’skidney.Acasestudyoftheorganexchangehasnowbeenpublished.Andthesurgeonswhowereinvolvedarecallingformoreexchangeslikethis.“Youcanimaginetheenormousimpactformixedorganextendedchains,”saysJohnRoberts,asurgeonatUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Mostorgantransplantscomefrompeoplewhohavedied,butthereareneverenoughorgans.Asmostpeoplecanmanagewithjustoneoftheirkidneys,peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends.Ifsomeonewantstodonatebuttheirimmune(免疫的)systemisunsuited,doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative.WhenDevezawaslookingintosuchchains,shecameacrossresearchdescribingtheideaoftradingakidneywiththeonlyotherorgangenerallytakenfromalivingdonor—theliver.ShesuggestedtheideatomanyhospitalsbeforeshefinallycontactedRoberts,whosawtheidea’spotential.Devezawasassessedtobeingoodenoughhealthtodonatepartofherliver.Itthentook18monthstofindAnnieSimmons,inIdaho,whoseliverwasunsuitabletouseasatransplantforhersisterwithsevereliverdisease.Theydrewupaplan:SimmonswoulddonateakidneytoDeveza’smother,andinreturn,DevezawouldgivehalfherlivertoSimmons’sister.Thehospitalgavethego-aheadandthefouroperationstookplaceonthesamedaysuccessfully.Theteamhopesthattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextralivingdonorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.19.WhatdidDevezadotosavehermother?A.Carryingoutacasestudy.B.Callingforkidneydonations.C.Launchingamedicalexperiment.D.Tradinghalfherliverforakidney.20.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Patients’hopelessnesstosurvive.B.Severalsourcesoforgandonation.C.Currentsituationoforgantransplants.D.Doctors’effortstoimproveorgantransplants.21.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheorganexchangebetweenDevezaandSimmons?A.Itdiscouragedorgandonation.B.Itbroughttwofamiliestogether.C.Itmetwithwidespreadapproval.D.Itproducedadesirableoutcome.22.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyLiver,YourKidneyB.Mother’sLove,OurHappinessC.OrganTransplant:BlessingforPatientsD.OrganExchange:MajorMedicalAdvancesCIt’snosecretnowthatthemoretimewespendonsocialmedia,themorewefeeldissatisfiedwithourselves.Wetendtocompareourselvestoinfluencesandcelebrities(well,famouspeoplelikeJustinBieber)—soit’seasytounderstandhowthatcanaffectourconfidence.But,howoftenhaveyoufoundyourselfcomparingyourlifetoyourfriends?Engagingwithsocialmediasharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthanlookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.Thestudylookingathowsocialmediaaffectsbodyimagefoundthatanysocialmediaengagementwassignificantlyassociatedwithlower‘appearancesatisfaction’.Additionally,itfoundthatengagingwithcontentpostedbypeopletheparticipantsknewwasmorethantwiceasdamagingaslookingatcontentpostedbystrangers,includingcelebrities.VirenSwami,ProfessorofSocialPsychologyatAngliaRuskinUniversity,believesthisispartlybecauseweknowit’shardtoattainthelivesofcelebritiesorinfluences,butwhenwe’recomparingourselvestoourfriends,itfeelslikeweshould-orcould-livethewaytheydo.“Onepossibleexplanationisthatpeoplemaybelieveapostshowingappearanceasbeingmuchmoreacquirableifitcomesfromsomeonetheyknow,addingexpectationorpressureonthepersonengaginginthepost,”hesaid.“Atthesametime,peoplemaybemorecriticallyengagedwithpostsbythelikesofmodelsandcelebrities,andthereforeassumetheimagestheysharetobemoreunrealistic.“Thisisnotjustconfinedtobodyimagethough.Weallhaveoneareainourlivesthattriggersus.Maybeyou’vebeensearchingforanewjobformonthsandyoufindyourselfonsocialmedia,envyingyourschoolfriendwhojustlandedtheirdreamrole.Maybe...Allthisistosaytheobvious:weonlyseepartofpeople’slives-andifit’sgettingyoudownyou’reprobablycomparingyourinsidestootherpeople’soutsides.Everyonehastheirstrugglesandlifeisindeednotperfectforanyone.So,putdownyourphone,getoffline,bethankfulandtrytoliveyourownlife.23.Whatdidthenewstudyfind?A.Socialmediainvitesunfavorablecomments.B.Friends’postsaffectusmorethancelebrities’.C.Celebritieshaveanegativeinfluenceonourlife.D.Bodyimagecausesmoreconcernthansociallife.24.WhyarewemorelikelytocomparewithourfriendsaccordingtoSwam?A.Theyserveasrolemodels. B.Weknowthewaytheylive.C.Theirlifestylesareaccessible. D.Wearecuriousabouttheirlife.25.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph6probablymean?A.limited. B.related. C.devoted. D.explored.26.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?A.Findyourdreamandfightforit. B.Stopcomparingandbeyourself.C.Begratefulandleadaperfectlife. D.Stopcomplainingandgetdowntowork.DThoughthedictionarydefinitionofcuriosityis“thedesiretoknowsomething”,itisquitesurprisingthatlittleresearchhaspaidattentiontoitsbenefitsforeducation.ConsiderastudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisin2014.Theresearchersfirstaskedeachparticipanttoratetheircuriosityaboutlearningtheanswerstoaseriesofquestions,suchas“Whatdoestheterm‘dinosaur’actuallymean?”TheparticipantsthenlayinanfMRIbrainscanner(扫描仪)whilethesamequestionswerepresented,followedshortlyafterbytheanswers.Theparticipantswerethentestedontheirrecollectionofthefactsanhourlater.Theeffectsofcuriosityonlaterrecallwerestriking.Whentheparticipantswerehighlycuriousaboutafact,theywere30%morelikelytorecallit.Andthisseemedtocorrespondtoheightenedactivityinareasofthemidbrainthatreleasedopamine(多巴胺).Dopamineisnormallyassociatedwithreward,butanimalstudiessuggestthatitcanalsoenhancetheformationofnewneural(神经的)connections.Itlookedasifthefeelingofcuriositywashelpingpreparethebraintoabsorbthenewandimportantinformation,andthisthenresultedinamorestablememory.Interestingly,theresearchersfoundthatthedopaminehit,arisingfrominitialcuriosity,couldevenenhancethememoryofincidentalinformationthathadnodirectrelevancetotheprimaryquestion.Todemonstratethis,theyhadpresentedrandomfacesalongsidetheanswerstothequestionsand,anhourlater,checkedwhethertheparticipantsstillrecognizedthefaces.Theanalysesshowedthattheparticipantswerefarmorelikelytorememberthefaceifithadaccompaniedaquestionthathadawakenedtheircuriosity.Thisadditional,andunexpected,memoryboostcouldbeextremelyusefulwheneverwe’retryingtolearnsomethingnewandcomplicated.We’reunlikely,afterall,tofindeverysingleelementofourstudiesinteresting.Butifwecandevelopsomecuriosityaboutatleastsomeofthefacts,wemayfindthattherestofthematerialalsosticksfarmoreeasily.27.Whichaspectofcuriositydidthestudyfocuson?A.Itsscientificdefinition. B.Itsuniquecharacteristics.C.Itsinfluencesonmemory. D.Itsbenefitsforbrainhealth.28.Whatwasthepurposeofpresentingquestionstotheparticipantsfirst?A.Toassesstheirlearningability. B.Toawakentheirpassionforlearning.C.Tomeasuretheircuriosityaboutthequestions. D.Torefreshtheirmemoryofextinctwildanimals.29.WhatcanbelearnedaboutdopamineaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Itblocksmemory. B.Itimproveslearning.C.Itpromotesfriendship D.Itcuresneuraldisorder.30.Whichmessageaboutlearningdoestheunexpectedfindingdeliver?A.Raiseinterestinstudy. B.Focusonessentialinformation.C.Makelearningmaterialsrelated. D.Attachimportancetomemorization.第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CampingTips&TricksforaFunTripManypeopleidealizecampingtripsasbeingthiseasy,effortlessencounterwithdestinationsrichwithnaturallandscapesandnightsunderthestarstwinklingintheskyabove.____31____That’swhywe’vepreparedthebestcampingtipsforyou!Planaccordingly,andthenplanagain.Whenyou’reoutinthemiddleofnowhere,youhavetobeequippedtonature’schallenges.____32____Therefore,aplanforunexpectedweatherchangesisessentialtoasuccessfulcampingtrip.Forexample,considerpackingextrasupplierslikeblankets.Whilethatmightseemlikeahugeinconvenience,thebiggestandrealissueoccurswhenyouneedsomethingyoudon’thave.Knowwhatyouneed.____33____Notallbeginnercamperswillneedthetop-of-the-line,latestsupplies.Butyoushouldhaveatleastthebasics!Thatincludesadecenttentwithenoughroomforpeoplecampingwithyou,agoodsleepingbagappropriatefortheseason,andothersupplieslikefoodandwater.You’dbettercreateaconvenientchecklistthatlaysouteverythingthatyoushouldconsider.____34____Whenyou’refarawayfromthemajorconvenienceswerelyuponlikeanurgentcarecenter,policestations,andemergencyrooms,youshouldalwaysrememberthatsafetyisyourfirstpriority!____35____Afirstaidkitisagreatstartingpoint,butit’scertainlynottheendofmaximizingyoursafetyefforts.Dependingonwhereyouplantocamp,you’llwanttograbtheseitemsthatcoveryouinmostemergencysituations:apocketknife,afirestarter,andasafetywhistle.Readytogocamping?Nowyouknowwhattoexpectandhowtoprepareforyournextcampingtrip,soyouactuallyhavefun—rainorshine!A.Alwayschooseasafecampsite.B.Neverleavehomewithoutsafetyinmind.C.Weencourageyoutocreateasafetysupplykit.D.Campingdoesn’thavetobecomplicatedorexpensive.E.Aclear3-dayforecastcaneasilyshiftintoasuddenheavyrain.F.Tomaximizeyourcomfort,alwaysbringappropriateclothesforcoldandrain.G.Butforbeginnercampers,thoseexpectationscanrapidlyturnintoamessofreality.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenmydaughterwasingradeschool,shebroughthomefourtinybranchesoneday.Theyweresmall____36____giventothestudentstoplant.Noneofthemlookedverystrong,butwitha____37____forthefuture,Iplantedtheminourbackyard.Overtheyearsthe____38____soilbroughtanendtothreeofthem.Allthatwas____39____wasasingleevergreen.Itnevergotverytalland____40____tooneside.Then,Inoticedthatitwasstartingto____41____.Thelowerbrancheswerebecomingbrown.Onlythetoponesofthetreewerestill____42____.Ididmybestto____43____itbyfeedingitalotoffertilizer(肥料),butitseemedhopeless.OnemorningIwentoutandlookedatitagain,____44____ifitwouldbebettertojustcutitdown.AsIwalkedovertotakeacloserlookatit,_____45_____,Inoticedsomethingmovingamongthebranches.Itwasabird_____46_____buildinganest(巢)inthetopmostbranches.Ismiledand_____47_____thatmaybethisoldtreehadsomelifeandusefulnessleftinityet.Itmaynotbehealthyorpretty,butitwasstillgivingabirda_____48_____.Thistree_____49_____methatallofourliveshaveapurpose.Itdoesn’tmatterifweareyoungandstrong,oroldandsick.Untilourlast_____50_____westillhavethingstodo:loveforustogive,andjoyforustoshare.Wecanhelptomakethisworldabetterandlovelierplace.36.A.flowers B.seeds C.trees D.vegetables37.A.life B.hope C.chance D.end38.A.rich B.soft C.poor D.deep39.A.left B.gone C.deserted D.planted40.A.turned B.bent C.sank D.flew41.A.take B.lose C.grow D.die42.A.green B.brown C.tiny D.pretty43A.change B.cut C.use D.save44.A.regretting B.asking C.wondering D.knowing45.A.however B.therefore C.moreover D.otherwise46.A.freely B.busily C.gently D.slowly47.A.explored B.shouted C.decided D.wished48.A.home B.purpose C.branch D.way49.A.upset B.reminded C.ensured D.affected50.A.night B.lesson C.word D.breath第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InChongqing,amountainouscityinSouthwestChinafamousforhotpotoftenservedwithbeersorstrongtea,theparticularflavorofcoffeeisgaining____51____.(popular)InDaijiaxiang,anoldcommunityinthecity,anewly-openedcoffeestreethasturnedeveryone’sheadsfor____52____(it)uniquedesignstyle.Byusingtheexistingfirstfloorsofseveraloldbuildingsasshopfronts,thenewstreethasbroughtmodernatmospheretotheagedblock____53____transformeditintoadesireddestinationamongsocialmediaenthusiasts____54____(seek)photoopportunitiesandscenicviews.WuLongquan,a30-year-oldshopowner,wasthefirstone____55____(run)acoffeeshophere.“Althoughthecommunitywasquiteold,itslocation,wonderfulriverviewandold-fashionedarchitecturalstyleallmadeit____56____(true)attractive,”Wusaid.Wuadmittedthatthisishisdreamcoffeeshop,____57____notonlyserveshigh-qualitycoffeebutisalsoanexpression____58____hispersonality.Hebelievesthateachgenerationhasitsownattitudeaboutcoffee.Inthepast,coffee____59____(consider)asonlyapromisingbusiness,butforhisgeneration,itispartoflifestylefirst,andabusinesssecond.Since2019,Wu____60____(open)fivecoffeeshopsandonebakerybusinessthatproducesfoodtogowithhiscoffee.第四部分应用文写作(满分25分)61.你校上周六组织高一学生参观了“未来机器人制造公司（FutureRobots）”。请你写一篇观后感，给校英文报投稿。内容包括：1.参观过程：2.你的收获和感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AVisittoFutureRobots________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高中试卷光明区2022-2023学年第二学期开学高一学业水平测试科目：英语注意事项：1答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。第一部分基础知识(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)单项选择从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Sheisapersonwhonever________abouttheunfairnessoflife.A.identifies B.judges C.illustrates D.complains【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是一个从不抱怨生活不公的人。A.identifies识别；B.judges判断；C.illustrates说明；D.complains抱怨。由“theunfairnessoflife”可知，句子表示“她是一个从不抱怨生活不公的人”，空格处意为“抱怨”，故选D。2.Despitehisoldage,mygrandpaisalwaysfullof________.A.energy B.engine C.stage D.image【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管爷爷年事已高，但他总是精力充沛。A.energy精力；B.engine发动机，引擎；C.stage阶段；D.image形象。根据句意可知，句中指尽管爷爷年事已高，但仍然精力充沛，“energy”意为“精力”，名词词性，在句中作宾语，符合语境。故选A项。3.Ourgoalkeeper,whowasinjuredinourlastgame,hasbeen________byayoungplayer.A.rented B.replaced C.placed D.respected【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的守门员，在上一场比赛中受伤了，已经被一个年轻球员代替了。A.rented租用；B.replaced取代；C.placed放置；D.respected尊敬。根据上文“Ourgoalkeeper,whowasinjuredinourlastgame”指因为受伤被年轻球员代替，故选B。4.Idobelieveitispossiblefordifferentethnicgroupstolivetogetherin________.A.error B.harm C.moment D.harmony【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信不同的民族可以和睦相处。A.error错误；B.harm伤害；C.moment片刻；D.harmony融洽，和谐。liveinharmony和睦相处。根据“Idobelieveitispossiblefordifferentethnicgroups”可知，不同的民族可以和睦相处。故选D。5.Ifyouhaveproblems,youcanconsultMr.Zhang,whoisa(an)________onmathematics.A.memory B.expert C.desert D.career【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你有问题，你可以请教张先生，他是数学专家。A.memory记忆；B.expert专家；C.desert沙漠；D.career事业。根据上文“youcanconsultMr.Zhang”可知，可以请教张先生，是因为他是数学专家。故选B。6.Ourteacheroften________herlessonswithvividexamples.A.illustrates B.ignores C.observes D.wraps【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的老师经常用生动的例子说明她的课。A.illustrates说明，解释；B.ignores忽视；C.observes观察；D.wraps包，裹。根据句意可知，老师用生动的例子是为了说明她的课，“illustrate”意为“说明”，动词词性，在句中作谓语，根据句意和句中“often”可知，句子为一般现在时，句子主语为“Ourteacher”，空格处应用“illustrate”的三单形式“illustrates”。故选A项。7.Inordernotto________herfriends,Marycontactedthemregularly,evenwhenshewasabroad.A.goallout B.raincatsanddogs C.losetrackof D.turnup【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了不失去与朋友的联系，玛丽定期与他们联系，即使她在国外。A.goallout全力以赴；B.raincatsanddogs下着倾盆大雨；C.losetrackof与……失去联系；D.turnup出现。根据句意可知，玛丽定期与朋友联系是为了不失去与朋友的联系，“losetrackof”意为“与……失去联系”，符合语境。故选C项。8.Theboycouldnever________suchaquietlife;hewantedexcitement.A.settlefor B.beawareof C.burnup D.comeacross【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个男孩永远也不会满足于这样平静的生活；他想要刺激。A.settlefor满足于；B.beawareof意识到；C.burnup烧毁，烧尽；D.comeacross偶遇。根据“hewantedexcitement”可知，这个男孩想要的是刺激，说明他不会满足于平静的生活。故选A项。9.Wecangreatlyimproveourworkingefficiencyby________whatwearedoing.A.windingup B.settlingfor C.referringto D.concentratingon【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们可以通过专注于我们正在做的事情来大大提高我们的工作效率。A.windingup使（活动、会议等）结束，完成；B.settlingfor设置为，为……而安排；C.referringto查阅；D.concentratingon专注于。根据句意可知，要想提高我们的工作效率，应该专注于我们正在做的事情，“concentrateon”意为“专注于”，介词“by”后接动名词作宾语，故空格处应填“concentratingon”。故选D项。10.Wearelivinginanage________ArtificialIntelligenceispartofourdailylife.A.that B.when C.where D.which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个人工智能已成为日常生活一部分的时代。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词age，在从句作状语状语，故用关系副词when，故选B。11.Jenny________havefinishedherwork.Orshewouldn’tbeplayingbadmintonnow.A.should B.needn’t C.must D.can’t【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：珍妮一定完成了她的工作。不然她现在就不会打羽毛球了。A.should应该；B.needn’t不必；C.must一定，肯定，表示有把握的推测；D.can’t不可能。根据下一句“Orshewouldn’tbeplayingbadmintonnow.”可知，珍妮现在正在打羽毛球，所以她一定是完成了工作，此处表示有把握的推测，用must。故选C项。12.Itisbelievedthatthecontinents________alwayswherethey________today.A.aren’t;are B.aren’t;were C.weren’t;are D.weren’t;were【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：人们相信大陆（以前）并不总是在它们今天所处的位置。结合句意可知，第一空表示“大陆原来的位置”，用一般过去时。第二空根据时间状语today，用一般现在时。故选C。13.Thoughheonlybeganhiswork3monthsago,heisnowateacherthat________respectfromparentsandstudents.A.hasgained B.aregained C.havegained D.isgained【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然他才开始工作3个月，但他现在已经是一名受到家长和学生尊重的老师了。结合句意可知，表示已经受到尊敬，所以用现在完成时。从句关系代词that代指先行词ateacher，在定语从句中作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has。故选A。14.Thisisthecarwithout________Ican’tgotowork.A.that B.which C.where D.whose【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：没有这辆车我就不能去上班。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“car”，在从句中作介词“without”的宾语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故选B项。15.—Whatareyouplanningtodothissummerholiday?—Well,Iamnotsosurenow.I________gotothecountrysidetovisitmygrandparents.A.might B.need C.can D.must【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——嗯，我现在不太确定。我可能会去乡下看望我的祖父母。A.might可能；B.need需要；C.can可能；D.must必须。结合Iamnotsosurenow可知，可能会去乡下看望我的祖父母；might语气比can弱，在表示推测时，might用于不太确定的推测，can通常用于否定推测。故选A项。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATotalSolarEclipse2023AustraliaOneofnature’smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蚀)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.TherehavebeenonlyfivetotalsolareclipsesinAustraliaoverthepastcenturyandthisisthefirsthybrideclipseinmorethan1000years.Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.Youwillhavethebestpossibleviewoftheeventaswellasenjoyinglecturesandstargazingonlandandatsea.Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.Plus,therewillbeadditionaltalksfromtheAstronomicalSocietyofAustralia.Clickherefordetailedarrangementsofthetour.SingleoccupancyPerguestbasedontwopeoplesharingInteriorcabin£2,429£1,699Oceanviewcabin£3,229£2,199Ifyouwishtoaddathirdadultorchildtoyourroom,pleaseaskforaquote.Alongsidethecruise,youcanalsoexploresomeofAustralia’sbestscientificandnaturalphenomenawithaseriesoftailoredadd-ontourscoveringastronomyontheeastcoastandvisitstoUluru,Sydney,theGreatBarrierReefandmuchmore.Onthelastdayofthetour,wecansendyoubacktotheairportforyourreturnjourneyhome,oryoucanjoinoneofouradd-ontours.Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.16.Whatmakesthecruisedifferentfromothers?A.Aspecialist’sguidance.B.Atalkwithastronomers.C.AchanceforstargazingD.Ameetingwithastronauts.17.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforatourinaOceanviewcabin?A.£3,229. B.£2,199. C.£6,458 D.£4,398.18.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocelebrateahistoricevent.B.Toadvertiseaspecialcruise.C.Tointroduceatravelagency.D.Toexplainanaturalphenomenon.【答案】16.A17.D18.B【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章是为可以参加澳大利亚西部边缘发生的日全食的海上巡航做广告。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.(与其他游轮不同的是，我们有著名的天文学家阿比盖尔·比尔陪同您。)”可知，专家的指导让这个游轮与众不同。故选A。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据表格Oceanviewcabin后的“Perguestbasedontwopeoplesharing£2,199(按两人分摊每位客人2199英镑计算)”可知，夫妇两人要2199乘以2=4398英镑。故选D。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Oneofnature'smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蚀)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.(自然界最引人注目的事件之一——日全食——将于2023年4月20日在澳大利亚西部边缘发生，我们为你选择了享受这一事件的完美方式:在海上巡航。)”可知，本文的目的是为一次特别巡游做广告。故选B。BDeveza’smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant(肾移植).Devezawantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys,butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealthproblemsashermotherinlaterlife.Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfi