2021新高考英语一轮复习课时作业17必修4Workingtheland

课时作业17WorkingthelandⅠ.阅读理解AIstartedteachingfreshmen(大一新生)arequiredhumanities(人文学科)courseatStevensInstituteofTechnologyadecadeago.ThecourseincludedShakespeare,Descartes,Kant,Marx,Nietzsche,WilliamJames,Freud,Mead—youknow,Westerncivilization'sgreatestminds.Iloveteachingthecourse,butIdon'tassumestudentslovetakingit.SoonthefirstdayIasked,“Howmanyofyouwouldskipthiscourseifitweren'trequired？”AfterIexplainedtothemthattheywouldn'thurtmyfeelings,almostallraisedtheirhands.TheysaidtheycametoStevensforengineeringputerscience,math,physics,finance,digitalmusicproduction,etc.Theydidn'tseethepointofreadingalltheseoldimpracticalthingsthathavenothingtodowiththeirfutureprofessions.WhenIaskedthemtoguesswhyStevensarrangedthesecourses,someonesaid,smirking(假笑),“Tomakeuswell­rounded.”Hearingtheresponse,Ireallyhavetodosomethingtomake_my_pitch_for_the_course.Weliveinaworldincreasinglyruledbyscience.Andthat'sfine.Butitisexactlybecausescienceissopowerfulthatweneedthehumanitiesnowmorethanever.Inyourscience,mathematicsandengineeringclasses,you'regivenfacts,answers,knowledgeandtruth.Yourprofessorssay,“Thisishowthingswork.”Theygiveyoucertainty.Thehumanities,atleastthewayIteachthem,giveyouuncertainty,doubtandskepticism.Thehumanitiesaresubversive(颠覆性的).Theyweakenthestatementsofallauthorities,whetherpolitical,religiousorscientific.Thisskepticismisespeciallyimportantwhenitestostatementsabouthumanity,aboutwhatweare,wherewecamefrom,andevenwhatwecanbeandshouldbe.IfIdomyjobbytheendofthiscourse,you'llquestionallauthorities,includingme.You'llquestionwhatyou'vebeentoldaboutthenatureofreality,aboutthepurposeoflife,aboutwhatitmeanstobeagoodperson.That,forme,isthepointofthehumanities:theykeepusfrombeingtrappedbyourowndesireforcertainty.本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文章中论述了为什么学生要学习人文学科。1．Whydidtheauthoraskstudentsthequestioninhisfirstclass?A．Towinstudents'admiration.B．Toformagoodrelationshipwithstudents.C．Tocheckstudents'attitudetowardshiscourse.D．Toencouragestudentstobeactiveinhisclass.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Iloveteachingthecourse,butIdon'tassumestudentslovetakingit.可知，作者是为了确定学生们是否喜欢学习人文学科。2．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4mean?A．Persuadehisstudentstoattachimportancetohumanities.B．Reflectonhisexperienceoflearninghumanities.C．Assesshisabilityofteachinghumanities.D．Designhisteachingplancarefully.答案：A解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的Weliveinaworldincreasinglyruledbyscience...weneedthehumanitiesnowmorethanever.可猜测，作者认为学习人文学科很重要，故画线部分含义是说服他的学生们重视人文学科。3．Whatmaystudentslearntodoaftertakingthehumanitiescourse?A．Expresstheirdesiresclearly.B．Giveuptheirpreviousideas.C．Sticktoscientificfindingsfirmly.D．Getoutofsetpatternsofthought.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的．..you'llquestionallauthorities,includingme...theykeepusfrombeingtrappedbyourowndesireforcertainty.可知，通过作者的人文学科课程，学生们可能会摆脱自己对确定性的渴望，学会质疑，走出自己固定的、习惯性的思维模式。BSoon,Netflix,theworld'slargestonlinestreamingservice,maybelettingviewerschooseeverything,fromthebeston­screenlovestoriestothesafestpathtoescapeakiller.Thepanywantstotryoutmoreinteractive(互动的)entertainment,followinggreatfeedback(反馈)fromitsrecentgroundbreakingepisode(集)ofBlackMirror.TheepisodewascalledBandersnatch.Itletusersmakedecisionsatmanyimportant—andnot­so­important—moments,andthosedecisionsbeganwithchoosingacharacter'smorningfoods.Thepanyislookingforwaystoincludechoicesindifferentkindsofmovies,fromedy,horrortoromance.Theideawastogiveviewersasimplechoiceatfirst,sotheycouldbeefamiliarwiththetechnology.Aviewerusesaremotecontrolorpushesonthescreentomaketheirchoice.Iftheviewerdoesnotchoose,themoviejustkeepsplaying.ThebreakfastscenebecameanInternetsensationwhenBandersnatchcameoutlastDecember,causinggreatsurpriseandexcitementamongpeople.Afterthefooddecision,viewersselectedchoicessuchasthekindofmusicacharacterwouldplayorwhetherthecharacterwouldjumpoffabuilding.BandersnatchgaveNetflixprogrammersvaluableinformation.Theywereabletobetterunderstandhowlongpeoplewanttoparticipateininteractiveprogramming,andhowmanychoicestheymightwanttomake.Whenviewerscanchangewhathappensinastory,theyfeeldeeplyclosetothecharacter.Thetechnologyisstillintheearlypartofdevelopment.Aresearchersaidhedoesnotpredictthatinteractiveentertainmentwillreplacetraditionalstorytelling.“Idon'tknowifIwoulddoiteveryday，”hesaid,“butaspartofmyview,it'sprettyexciting.”Netflixhasalreadyproducedafewinteractiveshowsforchildren.“Youngpeoplehaveseemedtoquicklyliketheidea.Kidsdon'thavefixedrules，”hesaid.“Theyassumethat'sthewaytheworldshouldbeandthey'lltryit.”本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家媒体服务公司将尝试更多的可以让观众参与其中的互动娱乐节目。4．WithNetflix'stechnology,viewerscan________.A．maketheirowndecisionsonsomevideomomentsB．interactwiththecharactersinsomefamousmoviesC．offerimportantsuggestionstoimprovevideomakingD．enjoythebeston­screenlovestoriesinthrillermovies答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的Itletusersmakedecisionsatmanyimportant—andnot­so­important—moments，可知，视频观看者可以对视频中的片段做出自己的选择。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sensation”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Debate. B．Base.C．Service. D．Hit.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词后面的．..causinggreatsurpriseandexcitementamongpeople可知，Bandersnatch上映之后，成为了网上的热点。6．Whatcanweinferfromtheresearcher'swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Interactiveentertainmentwilldevelopveryfast.B．Childrenaremorelikelytoaccepttheproducts.C．Thetraditionalstorytellingwillbereplacedsoon.D．Thereshouldberulestocontrolviewers'behavior.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的Kidsdon'thavefixedrules...Theyassumethat'sthewaytheworldshouldbeandthey'lltryit.可知，孩子们会更容易去接受这种互动节目。7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．PlayaRoleinInteractiveEntertainmentB．CreateaMovieOnlineinYourOwnWayC．TelltheActorsWhattoDoinYourFutureMoviesD．ChooseYourFavoriteWaytoInteractwithMovieStars答案：C解析：主旨大意题。综合全文内容可知，Netflix让观众在视频片段自己决定一些内容，体验更多的互动娱乐节目，所以在将来的电影中，你可以让演员干什么。Ⅱ.七选五Curiosityseemstobewithinusrightfrombirth.__1__Thisismostevidentinstudentswhohavejustgraduatedfromcollege.Belowarefoureffectivewaystokeeplearningafteryoupleteyourcollegeeducation.Learnaforeignlanguage.Youhavealwayswishedtolearnanotherlanguage,butsomethingwasalwaysholdingyouback.Thepletionofcollegestudiesopenstherightdoorwayforlearningthelanguageyou'vealwaysdesired.Learningasecondlanguagehassocial,economic,andmentalbenefits.__2__Buildyourvocabulary.Accordingtorecentresearch,peoplewhohavesuperiorvocabularieshavesuperiorIQs.Therefore,whynotbuildupyourvocabulary?__3__Themorewordsyouhaveonyourside,themoreideasyoucanexpresswithease.Vocabularybuildingisnoteasyinthebeginning,butifyoukeeppracticing,yourwordbankwillcertainlybeeenlargedwithtime.Takeonlinecourses.There'replentyofwonderfulcoursesonline.__4__Everwonderedwhat'sgoingoninthemindofthepersonsittingnexttoyouonthebus?Takeapsychologycrashcourse.Alwayswantedtoimproveyourpublicspeaking?Getacourseforyourselfonline.Onlinecoursesprovideyouwithamorefortablelearningenvironmentandflexibilityinplanningyourstudytime.__5__Entrepreneurship(企业家能力)isalifeskill.Whencollegeisover,youcanhavealotoftimetosetupafirmaroundanideathatyou'vealwaysthoughtwouldwork.Beinganentrepreneurhelpsyoulearnalotofthings,liketeammanagement,timemanagement,publicspeaking,andsoon.A．Startabusiness.B．Takeacontinuingeducationclass.C．Infact,wordsaretherepresentationofopinions.D．Learningdoesn'thavetobeallaboutgettingagrade.E．Besides,ithelpstoimprovememoryandmakeourmindsstayquick.F．Andwhat'sevenbetteristhatmostofthemwon'tchargeyouanything.G．However,aswegrowolder,thisnaturaltendencytolearnnewthingsstartstofadeaway.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学毕业后继续学习的几种方式。1．G解析：该空设于段中，与上文内容构成语义上的转折关系，说明随着我们慢慢长大，我们逐渐失去了学习新鲜事物的欲望。2．E解析：该空设于段尾，与上一句内容之间存在递进关系，说明再学习一种语言可以增强记忆并使我们的大脑保持敏锐。3．C解析：该空设于段中，承接下文内容，说明词汇是思想的表达方式，有了大的词汇量，我们的思想表达也会更加容易。4．F解析：该空设于段中，与上一句内容之间存在指代关系，说明网上的很多课程甚至是免费的。这里的them指代上一句提到的wonderfulcoursesonline。5．A解析：该空设于段首，是一个主题句。本段主要讲自己创业，并提高企业家能力的原因。Ⅲ.语法填空Astronomershavetakenthefirsteverphotographofablackhole.Itliesinafar,distantgalaxycalledM87,__1__is500milliontrillionkmfromtheEarth.Thatbignumberisafive__2__(follow)bytwentyzeroes.Scientiststhinktheblackholemayhaveadiameter(直径)of40billionkmandbethreemilliontimeslarger__3__ourplanet.LeadastronomerProfessorHeinoFalckewasinterviewedbyBBC,__4__(say),“Themassoftheblackholeis6.5billiontimes__5__oftheSun.Anditisoneofthe__6__(heavy)blackholesthatwe'vediscoveredsofar.Itis__7__(absolute)amonster—theheavyweightchampionofblackholesintheuniverse.”Theimage(图像)oftheblackholewastakenbyasetofeighttelescopescalledtheEventHorizonTelescope(EHT).Nosingletelescope__8__(exist)thatispowerfulenoughtogetitsimage.Ateamof200scientistspointedthenetworkedtelesco