浅析《鲁滨逊漂流记》中人物性格对命运的决定性作用及浅析《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中马克吐温的幽默

I浅析《鲁滨逊漂流记》中人物性格对命运的决定性作用摘要论文介绍了鲁滨逊的命运带给我们的启示。它描述了鲁滨逊不顾父母的劝阻而毅然选择离家出海。尽管他的父母给他留下了一笔可观的财产，但他想要的却是自由，是他自己创造的生活。当他成功的离家出海后，遇到了他之前所想象不到的灾难,但他还是决定继续航海，这就导致了他后来漂流到一个孤岛上。幸运的是他最后逃离了那个可怕的地方，并开始了他新的生活。主人公鲁滨逊被塑造成了一个典型的新兴资产阶级形象。他积极进取，勇于冒险，追求自由、个性解放，极力探索未知世界。鲁滨逊遇难逃到荒岛和他为在荒岛存活而做的种种努力和尝试无不反映了人物性格对命运的决定性作用。从鲁滨逊的选择及他的命运中可看出他是一个性格顽固同时也很坚定的人。这篇论文意在讨论和赞扬鲁滨逊按照自己的想法选择生活的性格，同时还告诉我们要坚持自己的决定并为自己的选择负责。第一部分介绍了作者和他的作品，第二部分是国内外研究现状，第三部分写的关于鲁滨逊的性格、选择以及最后的命运，第四部分是说的他成功地原因，第五部分就是结论部分。关键词：鲁滨逊；选择；命运；性格TheDecisiveEffectofCharacters’PersonalityonTheirFateinRobinsonCrusoeABSTACTThepaperintroducesthefateofRobinsoninspirationtous.ItdescribestheRobinsonRegardlessoftheirparentsdiscouragedandresolutelyawayfromthesea.Despitehisparentsgavehimasubstantialamountofproperty,buthewantsfreedomandthelifeofhecreates.Afterhissuccessawaytosea,hemethimpreviouslyunimaginabledisaster,buthestilldecidedtocontinuesailing,whichledtohislaterdriftedtoanisland.Fortunately,hefinallyescapedfromthatterribleplace,andbeganhisnewlife.Robinsonbecametheheroisportrayedatypicalemergingbourgeoisieimage.Hisaggressive,adventurous,pursuefreedom,individualityliberation,tryingtoexploretheunknownworld.Robinsonstruckbydisasterandhefledtotheislandandhemadealleffortsandattemptsoftheislandsurvivedtoreflectadecisiveroleinthefateofthecharacter.FromthechoiceofRobinsonandhisdestiny,wecanseethatheisastubborncharacterbutalsoveryfirmperson.ThispaperisintendedtodiscussandpraiseRobinson’scharacterofaccordingtotheirownideastochooselife,butalsotellsustoadheretotheirowndecisionsandberesponsibleforourownchoices.ThePart1,IntroductionAnIntroductionoftheAuthorandABriefIntroductionofRobinsonCrusoe .ThePart2,TheResearchStatusatHomeandAbroad;ThePart3,Robinson’sPersonality,ChoiceandFate;ThePart4ReasonsforRobinsonCrusoe’sSuccess;ThePart5,ConclusionKeyWords：Robinson;Choose;Fate;CharacterTableofContents摘要 iABSTACT iiI.Introduction 11.1AnIntroductionoftheAuthor 11.2ABriefIntroductionofRobinsonCrusoe 2II.TheResearchStatusatHomeandAbroad 4III.Robinson’sPersonality,ChoiceandFate 63.1Robinson’sPersonalityandHisChoice 63.2TheCharacteristicsofRobinsonCrusoe 9IV.ReasonsforRobinsonCrusoe’sSuccess 11V.Conclusion 15Bibliography 18Acknowledgments 20I.IntroductionCharacterdecidesfate.Humanbeingisthecenteroftheworld.Sincehumanbeingopenstheireyes,theyareconfusedbytheirfate.Whileunderthesamesocialbackground,familyenvironment,andwiththesameintelligence,somepeoplearesuccessful,butothersarefailing.Accordingtothedictionary,characteristhementalormoralqualitiesthatmakeaperson,group,nation,etcdifferentfromothers.Generallyspeaking,characteristhepsychologistfeatureintheattitudeandbehaviorwhenapersondealwithpeopleandmatters,suchasreasonable,stable,andfrank.Butcharacterisnotjustsimple,foreverykindofcharacterhasitsdifferentsides;theculturalbackgroundoftemperamentisthebasicfactorofcharacter.Fateisthepowerbelievedtocontrolalleventsinawaythatcannotberesisted;destiny.Fateisnotsomysteriousthatcannotbemastered.Whenapersonisinhisoldage,hecanknowwhattodoandhowtodealwiththem.Intheworldwhichisfulloffiercecompetition,apersonmustfirstlyknowhischaracter,andthencommandhischaracterwell,hecanbeapopularmanintheworld.Otherwise,hemayfallsbehindothers,andbediscriminated.1.1AnIntroductionoftheAuthorTheauthorofRobinsonCrusoe,DanielDefoewasborninagoodcommercialfamilyin1660,inLondon.Hewasonceabusinessman,whorantheenterpriseofunderclothes,cigarettesandwinetrade,hehadlivedthroughsomedifficulties,buthecouldsavehisenterpriseeverytimeafterhisfailure,meanwhile,heshowedushisstabledeterminationtofightagainsthisfate.Hecouldnotbedestroyed.AllofthoseexperiencespavedthewayofthoughtandtechniqueoftheaccomplishmentofhismasterpieceRobinsonCrusoe.1.2ABriefIntroductionofRobinsonCrusoeRobinsonCrusoewaswrittenundertheenlightenmentofarealstoryin18th.Theworkspraisespeople’sworkspirit.ThefictionopensupthewayofEnglishrealismfiction.RobinsonCrusoe,whowastheprotagonistofTheLifeandStrangeSurprisingAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoe,wasapersonofstubborn,aggressiveandfirm.Becauseofhisdecisiontogoouttoseetheoutsideworldandknowit,hefinallywentouttobeasailorwithouttheconcessionofhisparents.ButhewasnotsatisfiedwithsuchpropertyanddesignedtohisdreamtobeonthewaytosellslavesinAfricawhensomebodyadvisedhimtodoso.Justbecauseofit,hewasflowedtoanisolatedislandandwasreducedtoalonelymanwithoutanycompany.Thankgoodness,thereweresomuchfood,clothesandtoolsleftintheshipwhichwaswreckedonthecoast.Hecouldstillbealiveforthosematerials.Duringtheperiod,Biblewashisspiritsupport,hebuilthouse,gotrice,tamedsheepandmadeleatherclothesbythefurofanimals.Aftertwentyeightyears,hewassavedbyanEnglishshiptoEngland.II.TheResearchStatusatHomeandAbroadInrecentyears,manydomesticscholarsfromdifferentanglestothenovel"RobinsonCrusoe"conductedresearchstudy.AsDuanShaojuninthe2010film"Literature"intheseventhperiod"RobinsonCrusoe'Enlightenment",itmainlydiscussesthenovelinamiddlecourse,theheartofThanksgivinganddialecticalviewofthethreepointsofview.Geedoncesaid:"readingagoodbook,justaswithanobleperson".Theauthorrealizedthatthegreatnessofamasterinliterature:hetoldusforthelifeoftruth,totheheartofThanksgivinginmind,correctlytreatthepainandjoyinlife,ordinarybutnotmediocregoodeveryday.In2009LiYuexinin"literarycriticism"issue08of"thecreationofhumanexistencefablefigures--Robinson".ThispaperfocusesontheanalysisofRobinsonofthisrichandcomplexcharacterDescribeshimasthecreationofhumanexistencefableimageofworkers.Robinsonlivingonadesertisland,butcourage,perseverance,hard-working,optimistic;inthewildnature,hisappearancehasbroughtthecivilizedatmospherefortheislandbeganhis28yearlongcreationroad,theroadofcivilization.XuZaizhongin"JournalofAnhuiUniversityofTechnology(SOCIALSCIENCEEDITION)"on2009July,twenty-ninthvolume04issueof"from"RobinsonCrusoe"Westerncolonizationprocess".Thispaperdescribesindetailthe"RobinsonCrusoe"reflectedinthewesterncolonists’trade,landtenure,imagedistortion,consciouscontrolandlong-termcolonialoverseascolonialprocess.YangDanin"readandwrite"magazineeighthvolume05issueof"RobinsonCrusoe'sindependentspiritandeducation",on2011May,thispaperthroughin-depthanalysisoftheimageofRobinson,revealingthetextbehindthespiritofself-reliance,andcombiningtheeducationrealityofourcountryanddiscussesthesignificanceoftheeducationwork.Letthereaderunderstandthateducationshouldnotonlyteachknowledge,methods,moreshouldteachchildrenhowtoself-reliance,braveandinnovativetrainingchildren,perseverance.III.Robinson’sPersonality,ChoiceandFate3.1Robinson’sPersonalityandHisChoiceWecan'tclearthecharacterofRobinson,becausehischaracteriscomplex.Ontheonehand,hisbourgeoispositionisweak,hewastiredofboringbusinesslife,afraidofexistenceandunpleasantwaytoenrichanddevotedhislifetothiscommoncareer.Hewantstoliveinaspecialenvironment,ontheotherhand,helikesfreedom,andtriestopursuetheirownlife,healsowouldliketopayanypricetorealizehisdreams,evenifitishard.Hisstrongpersonalityisfullyshowninhere.Hisweaknessinthecommonlifejustconvertedtothestrongpointofhislatersailinglife,whichwasasharpdifferentworldfromwhathehadlivedforabouttwentyyears.Dissatisfactionwiththestatusquot,Robinsontothepursuitoftheideal.Robinsonwasborninamiddle-classfamily,Britain,onwealthylife.Ifheisinhishometownof"islikelytohavetheopportunitytointroduce,basedonsocietyrelyonrelativesandpromisingrelyonourowneffortsanddiligence,earnedafortune,forlifecomfortableandhappydays"."bothdon'tneedpesters,difficultfordailybreadhasbeentotheslavelifeunbearable,makeexhaustionofbodyandmindisnotamoment'speace,needn'tbedesireandalsothenameofambitiontomakeafortune,bittertumbledlaborday,heartjusthappierliving,tastethesweettasteoflifeandmoreandcanrealizetheirownhappiness".Iwantto,sothatthefutureoflifeisextremelyattractivetoenvy.ButinnerRobinsonhasanirresistibleforcethathedidnotmeet,notcontentwiththecalmnoLan,ordinarymiddlelife.Hewenttotheoverseaswholeheartedlytoexperience.Theideaisnotbornasaresultofhisyouthfulimpulse,butthearmsofadreamsincehewasachild.So,inordertoachieveit,regardlessofthefather'sadviceandRobinsonmotherpleadedwith,doesnotconsidertheconsequencesof,ranawayfromhomeonashiponlytoLondon.Later,heisathrivingdevelopmentofplantationinBrazil.Thiscanbesettleddown,smoothlygetrich;Buthethinkitisstill"contrarytowhatIlikelifecompletely",hencesomeoneinvited,heagaintogotoseaagain.Thuswecanseehownotsatisfied,heisnotcontentwiththestatusquoandthepursuitofidealisverypersistent.Crusoedissipatedandunruly,donotobeyfateisobvious.Heshouldnotobeythefather'swillingnesstodoamediumcanlivealifeeasystreetpeoplewouldratherownventuresfaroutoftoil.Hedoesnotbelieveapirateafterdie.Well-knownpiratesavageandcruel,sailingontheseaonceaprisoneronlyobeysmaysuffer,ordie.However,Robinsonencounterpiratescapturedinthethirdtosea,hedidnotliketheothervictims.Instead,buttryeverymeanstoescapefromthescratch.Thefinalsuccessandwentawaywiththepiratesaslave.Whenhewasinthecareerdevelopedchosetoventureouttoseaagain.Ontheotherhand,ifhehadwantedtolistentothefather,ifhesuperstitiontojumpoutofthepiratepit,ifhecontinuehiscareerinBrazil.Sohewillnotsuffersomuchunfortunatelyalsowon'tfindyourselfcanindependencefromtheworldofsurvival,sohealsowillbeoneofthousandsofsquaremortal.Isuninhibitedpersonalitylethimdiscovertheirownpotential,drovehimbeyondhimself.Robinsonwasdetermined.Heoncesaid,"mytemperisdeterminedtodoonething,youdon'tsucceedwillneverletgo","I'lldomybesttoandfor,aslongasIcanpull,Iwon'tdrown,aslongasIcanstand,Iwillnotfall"hehasnoassistanttoolisnotcomplete,lackofexperience.Sodoanythingspendsalotoflabor,foralongtime.Evendoapieceofwoodto42days.Hardworkforcomfortingreturn,hefinallybecameaMarine,havebreadtoeat,therearepottery,plantation,pasture,therearetwomore"luxury".Theseisnotalotofeffort,overcamemanydifficultiestoreceivethem.Robinsonisveryoptimistic.AlthoughRobinsonwillownsituationasgod'spunishmentforsin,butthelonelylifealsobecamepromptedhimtointrospectionandoriginalmotivepower,CrusoefoundhimeveninthedaysoftheuninhabitedislandfarmorethanheinBritainhaveagoodday.Helivesonalonelyislandateaseandpure,heevensaid"Idon'tcareaboutwhetherIhavetheopportunitytoleavethisplace,iftherereallyhaveahappy,thatshouldsayhappinessofmylifehereverymuch."Thelonelyisland,Crusoealthoughjustoneperson,butseemstobea"representative"ofallmankind.Heisoptimisticthespiritofsurvivalhasmadehimgetridofthelimitationsofthesocialandfamilytohispersonalandhisinhomeconstructionaswellassetupforhimselfafreedomofspiritandbeliefoftheirhomes.Hisexperiencefarbeyondpersonaladventurestorieshasbecomeasymboloffreedomspiritpursuit.EveryreaderonRobinsoncanfindhisownshadow,atthesametime,healsoinspireseachreadersfacetofacewithreallifeandeffortstoachievetheirdreams.Robinsonhasstrongacquisitivenessandconquers.Asheisnotcontenttoliveinthemiddleclassandendlesspursuitofmoney.Heneedstheworld,butnotashisfriend,butonlyregardhimasaloyalservant.Andhebuyslaves,theislandbecamehiscolony.WhichsuggeststhatRobinsonhasstrongpossessivedesire,thischaractermayberelatedtotheageinwhichhewas,butthedesireisdrivinghisconstantmotivation?3.2TheCharacteristicsofRobinsonCrusoeBeforehewasreducedtoalonelyman,hehasexperiencedasimilarsituation,theonlydifferenceisthathewassaved,canleadanormallife,heoncesaid,ifheisnotsoaggressive,no,henevergothroughthisterriblelife.Whenheisfocusedonthesurvivalofecstasy,newdangerswaitingforhim.Lifeistoughonalonelyisland,wecan'timagine.Nofood,noplacetorest,tocommunicatewithpeople,inadditiontoallofthese,theworstisthefearitself,hewillbeattackedbywildanimalsatanytime,therefore,hemustbealerttoeverytime.IfRobinsonisweak,hemayhavelosthisheart,continuetoyourlife,coulddonothing.Buthedidnotdoso,theunfortunatefateofhisbaseishisenthusiasm,asaresult,hewasnotdepressed,notnegativebutpositivestrugglewithnature,allofhisactivitiesnotonlysurvive,butalsotocreate.Hemustbeontheisland,thefirstimportantproblemistosurvive,RobinsonCrusoewasborninthemiddleclassfamily,sohebelievedhisownstrengthisverybig,heonlybelievetheirownefforts,notsomeoneelse's,canhelphimrealizehisdream,tohelphimclimbupthesocialladder.Asaresult,heputalltheusefulmaterial,ontheislandhavenotfallenabout40timesmoretired.Sohefeelnotsosad,shipbywavesandhesetupatent,afence,builtahousetolive,sheepandfishfood.Inshort,hedidallhecoulddohislifeaftertheisland.Thankfully,hegetenoughfoodandmaterialtolive,becauseofhismercy,hesavedacallonFriday,hehelpedRobinsonCrusoeisverymuch,intheendtheysavedaboat,inturn,intheshipsavedthem,bringthembacktotheUK.Untilnow,wecanseethatRobinsonCrusoebecomehomeless,butatlasthereturnedtothehuman.IV.ReasonsforRobinsonCrusoe’sSuccessAmongDefoe'slife,hetouredGreatBritain,andhasalotofknowledge,andrichexperience.Inthesixtyyearsofage,accordingtosomesailors’records,especiallyScottishsailorSelkirk’sexperienceandtheirownimagination,hecreatedtheRobinsonsuchaadventurer,doerandcoloniststhatwhowasindomitableandwantedtogotoexploretheunknownworld.Hemadetheheroofthenovelthatwhosimilartohisownsomewhattobumpsintheroughsea,enslavedinthehandsofpirates,tostartworkinghardinaforeigncountry,andstrugglealoneontheisolatedisland,hefinallywithdiligenceandwisdomintwentyyearstimetocreatetheirownplaceintheworld,hehasbecomeatypicalofemergingbourgeoisie,hewasnotonlydidnotbecomesavage,butalwaysbeapartofthecivilizedworldinthespiritualandmaterial.Themostmovingplaceofthenovelisthatshapingtheimageofthehero,andtheauthoreffortstodigdeepspiritualconnotation.Thisismainlymanifestedonhowtoovercomethedifficultiesabove,thecouragetofacedifficulties,whichdidnotstopatthelevelofnegativesurvival,butactivelycreateandpossession,whatrepresentstheemergingbourgeoisietimesspiritoftheeraofhelived.Robinson’sthespiritofconfidence,self-esteem,self-reliance,neversatisfied,immoderate,thesearereflectingtheconceptsandrequirementsofthenewera.AstheBritishcriticJacksonsaid:"Ifpeoplewanttorecapturethespiritofthebourgeoisiestrongandconfidentinitsyoung,revolutionaryupturns,thebestguideisnottooDefoeandRobinsonCrusoe."Weseemtosee,thereisamanstandingonshipdeck:hegaveuptherich,easylife,tiredofmediocrelife,andchooseatimeofadventurecareer.AllsortsofunfortunatelyanddifficultiesdidnotoverwhelmRobinson,insteadtomakehimbestronger.ThedifficultiesofGodgiventoRobinson,forhim,alsohasmorechallenging.Whenheencounterbigstorminavoyage,andtheshipwaslost.Hislivingalonetoadesertisland,inordertofindsuitableaccommodation,herunsalldayontheshore,andfoundashelteratarock.Robinsonpitchedatentdownthehill,andmakeittobeaslargeaspossible,andputonafewstakestohangahammock.Thenextday,heputalltheboxesandwood,andmaterialofmadetheraft,piledupatemporaryfencetobefortifications.Butonlyaftertendays,itsuddenlyoccurscollapse.Robinsonnotonlytocollapsedowntheloosesoilshippedout,alsoinstalledaceiling,withthefollowingpillars,tokeeplandslidesdisasteragain.Robinsonisnotonlytoshippedouttheloosesoilofcollapsedown,alsoinstalledaceiling,withthefollowingpillars,toavoidlandslidesdisasteragain.Henevergiveupandhardworking,Robinsonlaidthefoundationfortheislandsoflife.Hewasconfidentandneverdiscouragedfrustrated,lethimliveonadesertislandmorestepintotherighttrack.Once,Robinsonfoundthehullofaccidentallyfellinthecorner,thatactuallygrowgreenstems,soontheregrowadozenperhead.Sincethen,Robinsonwillsowtheseedsoftherainyseasontoexperimentinordertogetmorefood.Oneoftheworsttrialisthatbarleyandriceharvestshaveonlybeenhalfabucketofit.However,afterseveraltests,Robinsonbecameafarmingexpert.Hissowingtwiceandharvestingtwicealltheyearround.Finallyheevenlearnedtomakebreadandcheese.Theideaofshipbuildingtoreturnhomeallowinghimsufferedterribly,whichspenthimafewyearsandnumerousefforts.Evenfellingtospendafewmonths.Sincetherewasnoconsiderationinadvance,theshipwastoofarfromthesea,andhecouldnotlettheshipbelaunched.Makinghimthenumberofyearsofeffortwasted.Butthesearenotdefeathim,withtheindomitableofthe"unsuccessfulneverletgo"andspiritofhardwork,hecreatedamiracle.Robinsonwasagreatman,perseveranceperson.Heoncesaid:"IwilldomybestaslongasIcandrawwater,hewouldnotbedrowned,aslongasIcanstand,Irefusedtofall??"Hedidnothaveaide,toolfailureandhewaslackofexperience.Thehardworkinexchangeforagratifyingreturn,hefinallybecomesmarine,eatbread,usepottery,thereareplantation,ranchandtwomore"luxurious"residence??whichdidnotspentalotofeffort,spentmanysweatandovercomemanydifficultiesbeforetheyreturn.Atthattime,suchalifeforRobinson,itcanberegardedasaluxury.Hedarestofightwiththehostileenvironment,hardworking,andherunsanorderlyisland.Heexerciseshimselfinthefaceofadversity,andachievesomeextraordinarycareer.Hedarestorisk,andcouragetopursuelifeoffreeandunfettered.Evenhelivesonadesertisland,butheneverdiscouraged.Inthisway,Robinsonestablisheskingdomoftheirmaterialandspiritualonadesertisland.Facedwithdifficultiesinlife,Robinson'sactions,showsthestrengthofcharacterandheroofatoughguy.Reflectingthethecreativespiritandpioneeringspiritoftherisetimeofthebourgeoisie.Now,intheWest,"Robinson"hasbecomesynonymouswiththeadventurerandherotomillionsofreaders.From"RobinsonCrusoe"lookseektheindependentpersonalityunderthe"fightfather"era."Robinson"perseveranceisalmostbeyondpeople'simagination,Hedidnothaveaide,toolfailureandhewaslackofexperience.Thereforewhatmadehimtodoanythingtospendalotoflaborandcostsforalongtime,ButRobinsonnevergaveupandalwayshasafirmdeterminationandperseverancetomakeonething.Despitehecompletesforanylittlethingwhichalwaysspendshimmanyyears,anditisextremelydifficult,buthethroughthattofoundhisinfinitewisdomandcontinuoushardwork,hecreatesnumerousmiraclesin28years.Inthe"RobinsonCrusoe"inthebeginning,thereisaperiodofwordaboutRobinson'sfatheradvisedhissonnottogoabroadtomakealivingsaidthat:"Intermsofmysocialstatus,justinbetween,namelyGeneralheardintermediateposition.fromhislongexperience,thatthisisthebestclass,thisintermediatepositionandmostmakepeoplehappy."ButRobinsonhasadifferentopinionandattitudeabouthislife,hehashisownidealsandobjectives,hedoesnotwanttobearranged,alsodoesnotwanttobedefined.Hewantstoshowhisindependentpersonality,abilityandpersonalstrengthtosurvivethroughvariousdifficultiescontest.Backtothepresentsociety,weshouldgotothinkrationallyhowtocreateanindependentcharacterofthecommunityinthe"fightfather"era.V.ConclusionCharacterdeterminesdestiny.Robinson'srelentlesspursuitandhisoptimism,perseverance,dissipatedandunrestraineddecidedhisextraordinarylife.Conversely,ifhedoesnotbraveenoughtoleavethehouse,thenhislifeiscertainlynotthatexciting.Ifheisreconciledtothesituation,nopursuit,hedoesnotknowhowtousetheirhandstomakethingsandtodefendtheirhomes.Ifheisnotstrongandoptimisticenoughandnotlookingattheplightoflife,thenperhapshewouldhavediedontheislandofdepression.From"RobinsonCrusoe"Ireadoutthecharacterandfateofthecloselylinked,Ithinkgoodcharacterdeterminesgooddestiny.Ithinkwealsoshouldtobesoasastudents,wemusthavethecouragetochallengetotheworldandnottobedefeated.Thepressureisgreaterandwearethemorestronger,thisisourgoal.Wemusttodaretostruggle,daretoact,thecouragetochallengeandthecouragetopursue,soastocreateastrongself.Wecanseethefrontalandthecontrarysidesofpeople’scharacterfromtheaboveintroduction;wecanalsoknowtheimportanceofourtemperamentinourdailylivesandthecompetition.Afrontalcharactercouldhelpusliveeasilyintheworld,whileacontraryonejustcouldincreaseourburden.RobinsonCrusoesavedhimselfbyworkinghardontheisolatedislandpositivelyanddidnotdesigntothedifficulties.Sohelivedahappylifeafterhewassaved,hewasthewinnerofhisfate;hischaracterdecidedhisfatefinally.Awisepersonshouldmasterthetheorywell,andcanbethewinneroflife,butsomestupidmencannotunderstandit,andcannotcommanditwell,suchpeopleonlycanbethevictimoftheworld.Theycannotcatchupwithothers;accordingly,theycannotbeadmittedbypeopleintheworld.Thepopularpeopleinthe21starethosewhocanmastertheircharacterandfate.Bibliography[1]FanCunzhong.HistoryofEnglishLiterature.SichuanPeople’sPress,1983.[2]OxfordAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionary.OxfordUniversityPress,2001.[3]WangShouren.SelectedReadinginBritishLiterature.HigherEducationPress,2001.[4]阿尼克斯特.英国文学史纲[M].北京：人民出版社，1959.[5]戴尔?卡耐基.成功的性格[M].重庆：重庆出版社，2004.[6]穆睿清，姚汝勤.外国文学参考资料[M].北京：地址出版社，1984.[8]段邵俊，鲁宾逊漂流记带来的启迪[J].电影文学，2010（07）[9]王守仁.英国文学选读[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2005[10]唐建清，荒岛上的英雄—鲁宾逊漂流记导读[J].新语文学习，2005（03）[11]张均,杨惠滨.性格与命运[M].长春:：时代文艺出版社,2000.[12]黎月新，创造人类生存寓言的人物—鲁滨逊[J].文学评论，2009（08）[13]杨丹，鲁宾逊漂流记的自立精神与教育[J].读与写杂志2011（05）[14]徐在中，从鲁滨逊漂流记看西方殖民过程[J].安徽工业大学学报（社会科学版）2007-7-26（04）[15]付露，浅谈鲁滨逊漂流记带来的社会思考[J].青年与社会2013（22）AcknowledgmentsIwouldliketotakethisopportunitytothankmytutorZhaiPingli,whogivesmealotofvaluableacademicandconstructivesuggestionsinwritingthepaper.Herencouragementandhelpareworthwhile.Ithankherforherguidance.Moreover,thankstomydearfriendsandmylovelyroommateswhospentalotoftimetoreadmypaper.Finally,Iwanttothankthosewhospendtheirprecioustimeinreadingthisarticleprovidegratitude.浅析《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中马克吐温的幽默美国幽默大师和现实主义作家马克•吐温被称为是一个世界文学巨匠，他的作品涉及当时美国的各个领域，如政治，宗教，奴隶制。在马克吐温的众多著作中，《哈克贝利费恩历险记》无疑是最令人印象深刻的。作品将幽默与讽刺相结合，通过细腻的心理描写，极具特色的语言描述，向读者展示了一幅热爱人民，追求自由的画面，表现了强大的艺术魅力。自古以来，已经有很多学者对这部小说进行了研究。他们大多从小说的翻译，艺术特点，人物形象，语言特色，等等方面经行了研究。然而在幽默题材上，大部份研究都是针对语言的幽默感，对幽默表现手法在小说中的运用的研究相对薄弱一些。马克吐温作为文学大家，幽默大师，幽默表现手法多样。作者认为可以从幽默表现手法入手，着重分析《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中，马克吐温的幽默表现手法。从而能更深刻地理解马克吐温式的幽默。关键词：马克吐温；哈克贝利费恩历险记；幽默

ABSTRACTMarkTwain,ahumormasterandarealismwriter,wascalledagiantinworldliterature.Hiswritingstouchupalmosteveryissueofhistimesuchaspolitics,religion,andslaverysystem.AmongallofMarkTwain’sworks,onemakesmostimpressiononreadersthatisTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.Withthehumorandsatiremixedinthenovel,thewritershowerapictureoflovingpeopleandseekingfreedom,bythewayofexquisitedescriptionofpsychologyanddistinguishing-featureddescriptionoflanguage.Anditdisplaysastrongartisticcharm.Sinceancienttimes,agreatnumberofscholarshavestudiedthisnovelfromtheperspectivesoftranslation,artisticfeature,rolecharacters,language,andsoon.Whileasregardstohumor,alargenumberofresearchersjustconcentratedonthelanguageandputrelativelylessattentiontothehumortechniquesofperformance.MarkTwain,asamasterinliteratureandhumor,usevarioushumortechniquesofperformanceinhisworks.Theauthorthinksitcanbestudiedontheaspectofhumortechniquesofperformance.ThispaperpresentsananalysisofMarkTwain’sdifferenthumortechniquesofperformanceemployedinTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinntounderstanddeeplyaboutMarkTwain’shumor.Keywords:MarkTwain;TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn;humorContentsTOC\o"1-3"\h\u6155Introduction 130877PartOneTheintroductionofTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn 2185831.1BackgroundandPlots 259581.2ClassicalCharacters 329778PartTwoMarkTwain’sHumorinTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn 6130712.1TheFirstPersonNarration 686162.2TheVernacularLanguage 741292.3TheUseofGrammaticalErrors 896932.4Satire 9208372.5Irony 1031272Conclusion 1215521Notes 1322988Bibliography 1414074Acknowledgments 15IntroductionInthelate19thamonglotsofwritersinthewesternworld,MarkTwainisadisting