2024年职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解综合类(B级)试题

PAGEPAGE12024年职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解综合类(B级)试题第1局部：词汇选项(第l～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线局部意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上o1Haveyoutalkedtoherlately?AlastlyBfinallyCshortlyDrecently2Whilewedon’tagree，wecontinuetobefriends.ABecauseBWhereCAlthoughDWhatever3Injudgingourworkyoushouldtakeintoconsiderationbusyrecently．AthoughtBaccountCmindDbrain4Youmustshineyourshoes．ApolishBclearCwashDmend5Thepolicemanwrotedownalltheparticularsoftheaccident·AsecretsBdetailsCbenefitsDwords6I’mcontentwiththewaythecampaignhasgone.AtiedBsatisfiedCfilledDconcerned7Thistableisstronganddurable．Along-lastingBextensiveCfarreachingDeternal8Heenduredagoniesbeforehefinallyexpired．AfiredBresignedCdiedDretreated9Thegirlisgazingatherselfinthemirror.AstaringBlaughingCshoutingDsmiling10ForurbanareasthisapproachwaswhollyinadequateAreallyBbasicallyCfundamentallyDcompletely11Maryhasblendedtheingredients．AmixedBmadeCcookedDeaten12Theyagreedtomodify．theirpolicy．AclarifyBchangeCdefineDdevelop13TheeconomycontinuedtoexhibitsignsofdeclineinSeptember．AplayBsendCshowDtell14Anotablyshortman，heplaysbasketballwithhisstaffseveraltimesaweek．ApracticallyBconsiderablyCremarkablyDfairly15Thedentisthasdecidedtoextractherbadtooth.AtakeoutBrepairCpushinDdig第2局部：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑：如果该句提供的是错误信息j请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。HelpYourChildBecomeaReaderEncouragingearlyreadingskillsCallbuildapathtoalifelong(终身的)loveofreadingandcanhelpyourchildgetaheadstartinschool．Whilereadingtoyourchildisstillthemostimportantthingyoucandotobuildreadingskills，therearemanytechniquesthatCanhelp．Makereadingfun．Playgameswithyourchildasyouread．Manytraditionalchildren’sgamescanbeadaptedtoencouragereadingski11s．‘Whilereadingorduringplay,tellyourchild，“Ispywithmylittleeye，somethingthatbeginswiththeletterb．〞Helpthechildfindsomethingonthepageorintheroomthatbeginswiththatletter．Forexample。‘Iseeabarn．〞Thiscanalsobeusedtoteachbeginninglettersounds．“Ispywithmylittleeye．Somethingthatbeginswiththesounds．〞Helpthechildfindawordthatbeginswiththe“s〞sound．Inthisvariationonthepopulargame,instructthechildthat，“Simonsays，‘pointtosomethingthatstartswiththelettern．’〞Thechildcallthenfindanobjectintheroomorabodypart，suchasthenose，thatstartswiththeletterpresented．Thiscanalsobeusedtoteachbeginningsounds．Makeagameoutofrhyming(押韵)wordsbymakingupsillywordstorhymewiththechild’snameorfavoritetoys．Thissetsthestageforrhymingrealwordsbyshowingthechildthesimilaritiesofsounds．Asthechildmastersmakingupthewords，beginrhymingrealwordstooneanother.Tipstoraiseasuccessfulreader：Putbooksinplaceswherethechildplays．Ifbooksareeasilyaccessible，childrenaremorelikelytopickthemup．Letchildren“readtoyou〞bylookingatpictures．Makingupstoriestogoalongwithillustrationshelpschildrendiscoverhowwordsrelatetopictures．．Takebooksalongontripsorevenshortvisitstothedoctor’sofficeorgrocerystore．Havechildrenhelpyoushop．Readinggrocerylistsandlookingforspecificitemshelpsbuildsightvocabulary．16AgoodreadinghabitCanhelpyourchilddowellatsch001．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17ComputergamescallbeusedtohelpchildrendeveloptheirreadingskillsARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Oneoftheusefulgamesistoplayspy．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19WhenplayingagameyoushouldaskyourchildtofindsomethingstartingwiththeletterbinsteadOfC．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Thepurposeoftherhyminggamesistomakepreparationsforchildrentowritepoems．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21YouCanaskyourchildtotellstoriesbasedonpictures．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22Youshouldtakebookswithyouwhenyougooutwithyourchild.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3局部：概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。GlobalWarminglSmokeiscloudingOurviewofglobalwarming,protectingtheplanetfromperhapsthree-quartersofthegreenhouse(温室)effect．Thatmightsoundlikegoodnews，butexpertssaythatasthecoverdiminishesincomingdecades，wearefacingadramaticincreaseofwarmingthatcouldbetwooreventhreetimesasgreatasofficialbestguesses．2ThiswasthedramaticconclusionreachedlastweekataworkshopinDahlem，Berlin,wheretopatmosphericscientistsgottogether,includingNobelprizewinnerPaulCrutzenandSwedishscientistBertBolin，formerchairmanoftheUN’SIntergovemmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)．3IPCCscientistshavesuspectedforadecadethataerosols(浮质)ofsmokeandotherparticlesfromburningrainforest，cropwasteandfossilfuelsareblockingsunlightandcounteractingthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxide(二氧化物)emissions．Untilnow，theyreckonedthataerosolsreducedgreenhousewarmingbyperhapsaquarter,cuttingincreasesby0．2。C．Sothe0．6。Cofwarmingoverthepastcenturywouldhavebeen0．8。Cwithoutaerosols．4ButtheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigureisevenhigher--aerosolsmayhavereducedglobalwarmingbyasmuchasthree—quarters，cuttingincreasesby1．8。C．IfSO，thegoodnewsisthataerosolshavepreventedtheworldgettingalmosttwodegreeswarmerthanitisnow．Butthebadnewsisthattheclimatesystemismuchmoresensitivetogreenhousegasesthanpreviouslyguessed．Asthosegasesareexpectedtocontinueaccumulatingintheatmospherewhileaerosolsstabilizeorfall,thatmeans“dramaticconsequencesforestimatesoffutureclimatechange〞，thescientistsagreedinadraftreportfromtheworkshop．23Paragraph224Paragraph325Paragraph426Paragraph5AAtmosphericScientistsBTheCalculationsMadeattheBerlinWorkshopCThePreviousCalculationsoftheEffectofAerosolsDTheScientists’AgreementETheAuthoritativeConclusionFGreenhouseGases27Whenthecoverdiminishesinthecomingdecades，temperature28TheconclusionreachedattheBerlinworkshop29TheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigure30TheincreaseofgreenhousegasesAwillinfluencefutureclimatechangeBwassomewhatsurprisingCwillriserapidlyDwasknowntoUSallEwasmuchhigherthanhadbeenexpectedFwilldropdramatically第4局部：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最正确答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇SleeplessatNight Itwasanormalsummernight．Humidity(湿气)hunginthethickair． Icouldn’tgotosleep，partlybecauseofmycoldandpartlybecauseofmyexpectationsforthenextday．Mymumhadsaidthattomorrowwasgoingtobeasurprise． Sweatstucktomyachingbody．Finally,gatheredenoughstrengthtositup．Ilookedoutofmysmallwindowintothenight．Therewasabigbrightmoonhanginginthesky,givingoffamagiclight． Icouldn’tstandthepressureanymore，SOIdidwhatIalwaysdotomakemyselffeelbetter．Iwenttothebathroomandpickedupmytoothbrushandtoothpaste．Icleanedmyteethasiftherewasnotomorrow．Backandforth，upanddown．ThenIwalkeddownstairstolookforsomesignsofmovement，somelife．Gladiator,mycat,frightenedmeashemeowed(喵喵地唱出)hissadsong．Hewasont11eoldorangecouch(长沙发)，sittinguponhisfrontlegs，waitingforsomethingtohappen．HelookedatmeasiftosayI“I’mlonely,petme．Ineedagoodhug(紧抱)．〞Eventhecouchbeggedmetositonit．InonemovementIsettleddownontothesoftcouch．Thiscouchrepresentedmyparents’marriage，mybirth，andhundredsofotherlittleevents．AsIheldGladiator,myheartstartedbeatingheavily．Mymindwasfloodedwithquestions：What’slife?AmIreallyalive?Areyoulisteningtome?EverytimeImovedmyhanddownGladiator’sbody，Ihadanewthought；eachtouchsangadifferentsong．Iforgotallabouttheheatandthenextday’ssurprise．TheatmospherewasSOfullofwarmthandsilencethatIsankintoitsalms．Fallingasleepwiththebigcatinmyarms，Ifeltallmyworriesslowlymoveaway．31TheauthorofthepassagecouldnotgotosleeppartlybecauseAitwastoocold．

Bitwastoodry．

Chehadacold．

Dhehadafever32Whatwastheweatherlikethatnight?

AItwaschilly．

BItwaswindy．

CItwasfine．

DItwascloudy．33Theauthorbrushedhisteethoverandover

Atorelievehimselfofthepressure．

Btoeasehistoothache．

Ctoshakeoffthecold．

Dtoremovethedirt．34Gladiatorwasthenameof

Aamovie．

Bapet．

Cacouch．

Dasong．35Whatdidthe‘‘couch’’represent?

AAnewthought．

BDifferentsongs．

CAcomfortablelife．

DHappymemories．第二篇AncientEgyptBroughtDownbyFamineEvenancientEgypt’smightypyramid(金字塔)builderswerepowerlessinthefaceofthefamine(饥荒)thathelpedbringdowntheircivilizationaround2180B．C．．NowevidencecollectedfrommuddepositedbytheRiverNilesuggeststhatashiftinclimatethousandsofkilometerstothesouthwasultimatelytoblame--andthesameorworsecouldhappentoday．TheancientEgyptiansdependedontheNile’sannualfloodstoirrigatetheircrops．ButanychangeinclimatethatpushedtheAfricanmonsoons(季风)southwardsoutofEthiopiawouldhavereducedthesefloods．DecliningrainsintheEthiopianhighlandswouldhavemeantfewerplantstostabilizethesoil．W．1lenraindidfallitwouldhavewashedlargeamountsofsoilintotheBlueNileandintoEgypt，alongwithsediment(沉积)fromtheWhiteNile．BlueNilemudhasadifferentisotope(同位素)signaturefromthatofthewhiteNile．SobyanalyzingisotopedifferencesinmuddepositedintheNileDelta．MichaelKromofLeedsUniversityworkedoutwhatproportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver．Kromreasonsthatduringperiodsofdrought，theamountofBlueNilemudintheriverwouldberelativelyhigh．Hefoundthatoneoftheseperiods，from4500to4200yearsago。immediatelycamebeforethefalloftheEgypt’soldKingdom．TheweakenedwaterswouldhavebeendisasterfortheEgyptians．‘‘Changesthataffectfoodsupplydon’thavetobeverylargetohavearipple(波浪)effectinsocieties，〞saysBillRyanoftheLamontDohertyEarthObservatoryinNewYork．Similareventstodaycouldbeevenmoredevastating，saysteammemberDanielStanley．ascientistfromtheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashingtonD．C．“AnythinghumansdotoshifttheclimatebeltswouldhaveanevenworseeffectalongtheNilesystemtodaybecausethepopulationshaveincreaseddramatically．〞36Whydoestheauthormention“Egypt’smightypyramidbuilders’’?ABecausetheyonceworkedmiracles．BBecausetheywerewell—built．CBecausetheywereactuallyveryweak．DBecauseeventheywereunabletorescuetheircivilization．37WhichofthefollowingfactorswasultimatelyresponsibleforbringingdownthecivilizationofancientEgypt?AChangeofclimate．BCorrulption．Cflood．DPopulationgrowth．38whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?ATheWhiteNileisthetrunkoftheRiverNile．BTheWhiteNileisthetrunkoftheBlueNile．CTheWhiteNileisabranchoftheBlueNile．DTheWhiteNileisabranchoftheRiverNile．39AccordingtoKrom，theEgypt’so1dKingdomfellAimmediatelyafteraperiodofdrought．Bimmediatelyafteraperiodofflood．Cjustbeforeadroughtstruck．Djustbeforeafloodstruck．40Theword“devastating〞inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedbyA“frustrating'’．B“damaging'’．C“defeating〞．D“worrying'’．第三篇TechnologyTransferinGermanyWhenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialsuccess，fewnationscanmatchGermany．Sincethe1940s，thenation’svastindustrialbasehasbeenfedwithaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience．AndthoughGermanprosperity(繁荣)hasfaltered(衰退)overthepastdecadebecauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomicdecline，itstillhasanenviable(令人羡慕的)recordforturningideasintoprofit．MuchofthereasonforthatsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety,anetworkofresearchinstitutesthatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsandcreatesought-aftertechnologies·ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshavecompetition．Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer，andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover．Theseeffortsarebeingcomplementedbythefederalprogramsforpumpingmoneyintostart-upcompanies.Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccess，butitisnotwithoutitscritics.Thesepeopleworrythatfavoringappliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscience，eventuallystarvingindustryoffleshideas．Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur(企业家)，theargumentgoes，thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeingcuriosity．driven：freeandwidelyavailablewillsuffer．Othersclaimthatmanyoftheprogramstopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoneybecausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankruptwithinafewyears.Whilethisdebatecontinues，newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermany’sresearchnetworks，whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtz，MaxPlanckandLeibniz．Yetitisthefourthnetwork，theFraunhoferSociety，thatplaysthegreatestroleintechnologytransfer．Foundedin1949,theFraunhoferSocietyisnowEurope’Slargestorganizationforappliedtechnology，andhas59institutesemploying12，000people．Itcontinuestogrow．Lastyear’itswalloweduptheHeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin．Today,thereareevenFraunhofersintheUSandAsia．WhatfactorCanbeattributedtoGermanprosperity?

ATechnologytransfer．

BGoodmanagement．

CHardwork．

DFiercecompetition．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftraditionaluniversityresearch?

AItisfree．

BItisprofit-driven．

CItiswidelyavailable．

DItiscuriosity—driven．3TheFraunhoferSocietyisthelargestorganizationforappliedtechnologyinAAsia．

BUSA．

CEurope．

DAfrica．4WhenwastheFraunhoferSocietyfounded?AIn1940．

BLastyear．

CAftertheunification．

DIn1949．5Theword“expertise’’inline3couldbebestreplacedbyA“experts〞．

B“scientists〞．

C“scholars〞．

D“specialknowledge〞．第5局部：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。YouNeedCourage!ShortlyafterIbeganacareerinbusiness，IlearnedthatCarlWeatherup，presidentofPepsiCo(百事可乐公司)，wasspeakingattheUniversityofColorado．Itrackeddownthepersonhandlinghis,scheduleandmanagedtogetmyselfanappointment．(46)Sothere1wassittingoutsidetheuniversity’sauditorium，waitingforthepresidentofPepsiCo．Icouldhearhimtalkingtothestudents…andtalking，andtalking．(47)Hewasnowfiveminutesover,whichdroppedmytimewithhimdownto10minutes．Decisiontime．Iwroteanoteonthebackofmybusinesscard，remindinghimthathehadameeting．“YouhaveameetingwithJeffHoyeat2：30pm．〞Itookadeepbreath，pushedopenthedoorsoftheauditoriumandwalkedstraightupthemiddleaisle(过道)towardhimashetalked．Mr．Weatherupstopped．(48)JustbeforeIreachedthedoor,Iheardhimtellthegroupthathewasrunninglate．Hethankedthemfortheirattention，wishedthemluckandwalkedouttowhere1wasnowsitting，holdingmybreath．Helookedatthecardandthenatme．“Letmeguess．〞hesaid．“You’reJeff．〞Hesmiled．(49)Hespentthenext30minutesofferingmehistime，somewonderfulstoriesthatIstilluse，andaninvitationtovisithimandhisgroupinNewY_0rk．ButwhathegavemethatIvaluethemostwastheencouragementtocontinuetodoasIhaddone．(50)Whenthingsneedtohappen，youeitherhavethenervetoactoryoudon’t．AIbeganbreathingagainandwegrabbed(霸占)anofficerightthereatschoolandclosedthedoor．BAsIsatlisteningtohim，IknewthatIcouldtrusthim，andthathedeservedeverybitofloyaltyIcouldgivetohim．CIbecamealarmed：histalkwasn’tendingwhenitshouldhave．DHesaidthatittooknerveformetointerrupthim，andthatnervewasthekeytOSUCCESSinthebusinessworld．E1wastold，however，thathewasonatightscheduleandonlyhad15minutesavailableafterhistalktothebusinessclass．FIhandedhimthecardthenIturnedandwalkedoutthewayIcame．第6局部：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)．一卤读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最正确答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。AmericanpubliceducationhaschangednumbersofAmericanparentsandteachersareinrecentyears．Onechangeisthatincreasingstartingindependentpublicschools(51)charterschools(特许学校)．．In1991，therewerenocharterschoolsintheUnitedStates．Today,morethan2,300charterschools(52)in34statesandtheDistrictofColumbia．575,000students(53)theseschools．Thestudentsarefrom5yearsofagethrough18orolder．Acharterschoolis(54)bygroupsofparents，teachersandcommunity(社区)members．Itissimilarinsomeways(55)atraditionalpublicsch001．Itreceivestaxmoneytooperatejustasotherpublicschoolsdo．The(56)itreceivesdependsonthenumberofstudents．Thecharterschoolmust．provetolocalorstategovernmentsthatitsstudentsarelearning．Thesegovernments(57)theschoolwiththeagreement。Orcharterthatpermitsittooperate．Unlikeatraditionalpublicschool，(58)，the，charterschooldoesnothavetoobeymostlawsgoverningpublicschools．Local，stateorfederalgovernmentscannottellitwhat(59)．Eachschoolcanchooseitsowngoalsanddecidethewaysitwantsto(60)thosegoals.Classsizesusuallyare，smallerthaninmanytraditionalpublicschools．ManyStudentsandparentssay(61)incharterschoolsCanbemorecreative．However,stateeducationagencies，localeducation-governingcommitteesandunionsoften(62)charterschools．Theysaytheseschoolsmayreceivemoneybadly(63)bytraditionalpublicschools．Expertssaysomecharterschoolsaredoingwellwhileothersarestruggling．Congressprovided200milliondollarsfor(64)charterschoolsinthe2024federalbudget(预算)．But，oftentheschoolssaytheylackenoughmoneyfortheir(65)．Manyalsolackneededspace．51AcalledBaskedCknownDsaid52AstudyBconductCoperateDperform53AfinishBattendCleaveDcut54AtaughtBheldCcreatedDunderstood55AtoBwithCbyDin56AattentionBamountCexpenseDinformation57AbuyBreviewCgiveDprovide58AbesidesBmoreoverCthusDhowever59AteachBdiscussChaveDget60AsetBreachCindicateDdefine61AfarmersBworksCteachersDsoldiers62AopposeBchangeCenterDencourage63AtreatedBneedCearnedDwasted64AneedingBspendingCcomparingDestablishing65AprogramsBparentsCrecordsDwords2024年职称英语等级考试综合类(B级)答案总分值100分，其中：1—15每题1分；16—30每题1分3I--45每题3分46-_50每题2分51--65每题1分1.D2.C3.B4.A5.B6.B7.A8.C9.A10.D11.A12.B13.C14.C15.A16.A17.C18.C19.B20.B21.A22.A23.E24.C25.B26.D27.C28.B29.E30.A31.C32.C33.A34.B35.D36.D37.A38.D39.A40.B41.A42.B43.C44.D45.D46.E47.C48.F49.A50.D51.A52.C53.B54.C55.A56.B57.D58.D59.A60.B61.C62.A63.B64.D65.A2024年职称英语等级考试试题题解综合类(B级)第1局部：词汇选项1．D“lately〞和“recently〞都有“最近〞的意思。2．C“while〞在这个句子中引起的是一个让步从旬，所起的作用是跟“although〞一样的。3．B“takeintoconsideration〞和“takeintoaccount〞都是“考虑〞的意思，是固定的说法。4．A“polish〞和“shine〞都有“擦亮〞的意思。5．B“details〞是“细节〞的意思。“particulars〞也是“细节〞的意思。6．Bcontent：满意的。satisfied：满意的，分词形容词。二者都需要与介词with连用，可以用satisfied替代content。tied：系上了的。filled：满的。concerned：关心的。尽管后三个词都有可能与介词with连用，但意思与content不一样。7．Adurable：耐用的。long·lasting：耐用的。二者意思相近，可以用durable替换long—lasting。extensive：广泛的。far．reaching：深远的。etemal：永恒的。8．Cexpired：断气。died：死。二者意思相近，可以用died替换expired。fired：开枪。retreated：撤退。9．Agazing(at)：凝视。staring(at)：凝视。二者意思相近，都需要与介词at连用，可以用staring(at)替换gazing(at)。laughing(at)：嘲笑。shouting(at)：对……大声吆呵。smiling(at)：看着……微笑。lO．Dwholly：完全地。completely：完全地。二者意思相近，可以用completely替换wholly。really：真正地。basically：根本上。fundamentally：根底地。11．Ablend的意思是“混合99四个选项中只有mix和它同义。12．Bmodify的意思是“改动，修改〞，故和change同义，clarify的意思是“澄清〞，define是“界定〞的意思。13．C句子的意思是“九月份经济继续呈现衰退的迹象〞，和exhibit同义的只有show。14．Canotablyshortman的意思是“显而易见是个矮个子〞，notably是“明显地，容易被注意到地〞的意思，和remarkably同义。15．A是最正确答案。extractatooth是“拔牙〞的意思，在四个选项中只有takeout可以替代。第2局部：阅读判断16．答案是A。此题的意思是：良好的阅读习惯对孩子在学校的学习有帮助。第一段的第一个句子谈到了这一点：鼓励儿童提高阅读技巧有助于他们在学校名列前茅。17．答案是C。此题的枣思是：电脑游戏可以用来帮助孩子提高阅读技巧。本文虽然提到了做游戏，但却没有提及电脑游戏。18．答案是C。此题的意思是：一个有用的游戏是装扮成间谍。本文没有提到间谍的事。19．答案是B。此题的意思是：做游戏的时候，应该让孩子去找以字母b而不是以字母c开头的东西。文章不是这个意思，提到字母b只是举一个例子而已，实际上任何字母都可以。20．答案是B。此题的意思是：押韵游戏的目的是为孩子们写诗作准备。但文章第五段第二个句子说，押韵游戏通过让孩子了解声音的相似性，可以为给实际语言运用中的词押韵做准备。所以，押韵游戏的直接目的不是为写诗。21．答案是A。此题的意思是：可以让孩子看图讲故事。文章倒数第三段谈到：让孩子把图“念给你听〞，也就是看图说话。22．答案是A。此题的意思是：与孩子一起出门的时候应该带上书。正确。文章倒数第二段谈到，旅行时，甚至去看医生或者去杂货店时，都要带上书。第3局部：概括大意与宪成句子23．答案为E。文章第三段指出，结论是由杰出的大气科学家做出的。“杰出的科学家〞即权威科学家。24。答案为c。文章第三段提到了对浮质所产生的影响进行的计算，这个计算先于第四段所提及的计算，因而被称为“先前的〞计算。25．答案为B。文章第四段开头指出，“然而，柏林讨论会得出的结论是，真正的数字比这还要高——浮质可能已经把全球气候变暖的情况减少了四分之三。〞因此，本段讲的是柏林讨论会的计算。26．答案为D。第五段讲的是科学家们关于浮质对气候变化影响的一个一致性的看法。27．答案为C。文章第一段指出，随着在未来几十年里这种烟雾覆盖物的不断减少，我们会面临惊人的气候变暖的情况，也就是说，覆盖物减少，气温会迅速升高。28．答案为B。柏林讨论会的结论有点令人吃惊，因为这个结论认为，浮质可能已经把全球气候变暖的情况减少了四分之三，这个数字是惊人的。29．答案为E。文章第四段指出，“然而，柏林讨论会得出的结论是，真正的数字比这还要高〞，“比这还要高〞．是说比第三段推测的数字要高，也就比人们预期的要高。30．答案为A。文章的最后一段提到了这个问题：这些气体(温室气体)在大气里不断聚积对未来气候变化的预测产生惊人的后果。第4局部：阅读理解31．c该题问的是：该文的作者不能入睡的局部原因是什么?第二段的第一个句子是这么说的：我不能入睡，局部原因是感冒，局部原因是对第二天的期待。32．C该题问的是：那天的天气怎么样?第一段的第一句是这么说的：这是一个普通的夏季里的夜晚。第三段的最后一句话说的是：一个巨大的明媚的月亮悬挂在天空，发出妖艳的光芒。可见，那天天气很好。33．A该题问的是：作者不断地刷牙是为什么?第四段的第一句话是这么说的．：我再也受不住这种压力了。于是我就去做我经常做的事，使得感觉好些。下面就谈到了刷牙。34．B该题问的是：“Gladiator〞是什么的名字?第五段的第二句话是这么说韵：Gladiator，我的猫，喵喵地唱出了它的悲哀的歌，把我吓了一跳。可见“Gladiator〞是爱畜的名字。35．D该题问的是：“couch〞代表了什么?倒数第三段的第二个句子是这么说的：这个“躺椅，代表了我父母的婚姻、我的降临，以及许许多多其他的小的事件。不难看出，它代表的是愉快的记忆。36．D这道题问的是：作者为什么提及“古埃及伟大的金字塔建筑者〞?文章开头有这么一句话，中文意思是：即使古埃及伟大的金字塔建筑者面对那场在公元前2180年促使他们的文明消灭的饥荒也无能为力。D说的是：即使是他们也不能挽救他们的文明。因此D是正确的答案。A说的是：他们曾创造过奇迹。B说的是：他们很强壮。C说的是：他们其实很弱。37．A这道题问的是：下面列出的几种因素中哪一种因素是造成古埃及文明消灭的根本性因素。A说的是：气候变化。第一段中有这样一个子句：…ashiftinclimate…wasultimatelytoblame…最终归咎于气候的变化。在第一题的题解中，我们提到了“饥荒〞与“古埃及文明消灭〞的关系。但“饥荒〞是表层的因素，“气候的变化〞才是古埃及文明消灭的深层的因素。因此，A是正确的答案。B：腐败。c：水灾。D：人口增长。38．D这道题问的是：下面列出的几种陈述哪一种是正确的?D说的是：白尼罗河是尼罗河的支流。第四段中的最后一句话是这么说的：…workedoutwhat‘proportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver．……找到了来自河的每条支流的沉积物的比例。这里的“河〞是指“尼罗河〞，“每条支流〞回指上文所说的“青尼罗河〞和“白尼罗河〞。因此，D是正确的答案。A：白尼罗河是尼罗河的干流。B：白尼罗河是青尼罗河的干流。c：白尼罗河是青尼罗河的支流：显然，这些都不构成答案。39．A这道题问的是：古埃及王朝消灭发生在什么时候?A说的是：就在一个时期的干旱之后。第五段有这么一个句子：…oneoftheseperiods…immediatelycamebeforethefalloftheEgypt'sOldKingdom．其中的一个时期……就发生在古埃及王国消灭之前。可以看出，A应该是正确的答案。B：就