第三节-翻译的过程

UnitThree翻译的过程

（ProcessofTranslation）

:comprehension,expression,revision(P.12-15)Nida:1)analysisofthesourcetext(原语文本的分析)2）transferfromsourcelanguagetotargetlanguage(原语到目的语的转换)3）restructuringinthetargetlanguage(目的语的重构)4）testingofthetranslatedtextwithpersonswhorepresenttheintendedaudience(译文读者代表对译文的检验)Comprehension1、一词多义现象(polysemy)SophisticatedmanSophisticatedcolumnistSophisticatedweaponSophisticatedelectronicdevice老于世故的人老练的专栏作家尖端武器高度精密的电子装置clearwaterclearairclearskyclearheadclearviewclearconscienceclearunderstandingclearmeaningclearskin清澈的水清新的空气晴朗的天空/碧空如洗清醒的头脑一览无余的风景/明确的观点问心无愧透彻的理解清晰的思路洁净的肌肤touchsbontheshouldertouchone'slipstothechild'sforeheadtouchglassestouchthehighpointinone'scareertouchsbtotheheart轻轻碰某人的肩膀轻轻吻小孩的前额碰杯达到职业的顶峰触动某人的心弦MoreExamples:P.30-32In-ClassPractice11.softpillow2.softmusic3.softcushion4.softwords5.softdrink6.softbreeze7.softlight8.softvoice9.softfire

软枕轻柔的音乐靠垫和蔼的话不含酒精的饮料和风柔光低声文火In-ClassPractice2AdrybookAdrypartyAdrycowdryfruitdryhumordrygoodsdryfacts枯燥的书无酒的聚会不产乳的母牛干果干幽默，尖刻的幽默（美）纺织品，（英）谷物未加渲染的事实

注意：Nocontext,notranslation.Youngmenarenotsuitable,becausetheyaretoodaring.......因为他们太莽撞Theymadeadaringrescueattemptduringthataccident.在那次事故中，他们进行了英勇的救援尝试。

Theoldcouplemadeapersistentefforttosearchfortheirdaughterlostintheearthquake.Shewasvexedbythepersistentringingofthephone.----Asluckwouldhaveit,noonewasinthebuildingwhentheexplosionoccured.----Asluckwouldhaveit,therewasrainonthedayofthepicnic.注意词义的抽象化引申Everylifehasitsrosesandthorns.Samknowshecandependonhisfamily,rainorshine.Asaboy,hewasthedespairofallhisteachers.每个人的生活都有苦有甜。山姆知道，无论境况如何，他都可以依靠他的家庭。小时候，他是个使所有老师失望的孩子。2.一词多性Hepushedhisspectacleshigheronthebridgeofhisnose.Theconstructionworkersthrewabridgeacrosstheriver.Noconcessioncanbridgethechasms(大分歧)betweenthetwogroups.Hebridgedtheawkwardsilencewithafunnyremark.无论何种让步也无法弥合这两个集团间的裂缝。他说了句笑话，打破了尴尬的冷场。3、辩明原文语法和逻辑关系Yousmellwine.Youcannotbetoocarefull.你要特别小心。Idon’tteachbecauseteachingiseasyforme.Themotordidnotstoprunningbecausethefuelwasfinished.-英汉历史，文化，风俗习惯大不相同，产生了与各自民族文化有关的习惯表达法和不同的逻辑思维Eg1.SheisasfairasHelen.-美若西施翻译时可用意译或直译加注。4、CulturebackgroundEg2.Annawasthinandblack,averyumbrellaofawoman.安娜是个又瘦又黑的女人，简直像把雨伞。Eg3.Johncanbereliedon.Heeatsnofishandplaysthegame.在QueenofElizabeth时代,Christians为表示对政府忠诚,拒绝遵守反政府的罗马天主教徒在Friday只吃鱼的习俗.toeatnofish=loyal;toplaythegame=playfair为人可靠,既忠诚又正直In-ClassPractice1."Youchicken!"hecried,lookingatTomwithcontempt.2.Thestork（鹤）visitedtheHowardJohnstonsyestery.key:1“你这个胆小鬼！”他轻蔑地看着汤姆嚷道。2.霍华德约翰斯顿家昨天添了个小孩。（在英语国家中，当孩子向大人问起自己是从哪儿来时，大人总是告诉他们，是鹤鸟把他们衔来的，因此，visitedbythestork就成为添小孩的代用语）准确理解原文并不等于表达正确。（汉语修养）In-ClassPractice1.Aluxurianttanspeakshealthandglamour.2.Don’tcrossthebridgetillyougettoit.3.Healwayslivesaheadofhissalary.4.Hiswearinessandtheincreasingheatdeterminedhimtositdowninthefirstconvenientshade.5.Expression表达阶段Aluxurianttanspeakshealthandglamour.丰润的棕色皮肤诉说着健康和魅力。Don’tcrossthebridgetillyougettoit.不必担心过早。（车到山前必有路）Healwayslivesaheadofhissalary.他的生活开销总是超过他的工资收入。Hiswearinessandtheincreasingheatdeterminedhimtositdowninthefirstconvenientshade.他疲惫不堪，天气也越来越热。于是他下了决心，一碰到舒适的阴凉处，就坐下来休息。6.revision校对对原文的内容进一步理解，