高考名词和代词语法填空及改错

高三名词与代词语法填空及改错Womenlivelongerthanmeninmostcountry.Myneighborisaeighty-years-oldwoman.Heisafriendofmybrother.ThechildrenspendalotoftimeswatchingTV.Heisagenerousfellow,andwillsoonmakefriendwithyouagain.countriesyearbrother’stimefriends返回目录知识点拨专有名词ChinaMary普通名词可数名词不可数名词物质名词water抽象名词success个体名词bookdesk集体名词familypolice名词一、名词的数：名词有可数和不可数之分1．可数名词复数的规那么变化(1)一般情况:词尾加-s(2)bus,box,watch,brush以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词：词尾加-es(3)baby,city,country以辅音字母+y结尾的名词：词尾变y为i，再加-es以元音字母+y结尾的名词：词尾直接加-sboy,monkey(buses,boxes,watches,brushes)(babies,cities,countries)(boys,monkeys)(4)以o结尾的名词变为复数时，常在词尾加­s，但是以下名词要加­es，它们是：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿，即：negroes，heroes，potatoes，tomatoes。(5)以f或fe结尾的名词变为复数时，一般直接加­s，特殊词要把­f或­fe改为v加-es，它们是：〔为了活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和一片树叶躲在架子后〕即：life-lives，thief-thieves，wife-wives，knife-knives，leaf-leaves，shelf-shelves2、可数名词复数的不规那么变化2.可数名词复数的不规那么变化：〔1〕单复数形式相同：asheep-twosheep,adeer-twodeer,fish,series(系列),means(方法),species(种类)(fish表示种类时可以加es)(2)口诀：男人女人a变e，鹅足牙oo变eeman-men，woman-women，goose-geese，foot-feet，tooth-teeth，mouse-mice(3)词尾加-ren/en变复数:child-childrenox-oxen公牛(4)形式为复数，但用作单数名词news,physics,politics〔5〕表示某国人：中日永不变:aChinese-twoChinese,aJapanese-threeJapanese英法同盟man改men:Englishman-Englishmen,Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen其余都把s添:American-Americans,German-Germans(6)合成名词的复数形式:①.在主体名词后面加-s

passer­by——passers­by过路人son­in­law——sons­in­law女婿

②.没有主体名词时，在最后一词词尾加-sgrown-up——grown-ups

③.由man和woman构成的复合名词，把里面的名词全变为复数：womandoctor——womendoctors(7)只用复数形式的名词：trousers〔裤子〕，glasses〔眼镜)，shoes，clothes，goods(货物，商品)，Exercise:______aremadeof______.Aglass,aglassGlasses,glassTheglass,theglassGlasses,glasses2.不可数名词：不能和a,an连用高考常考的不可数名词主要有：advice建议,information信息,progress进步,weather天气,bread面包,fun乐趣,news消息,clothing衣服,knowledge知识,equipment设备furniture家具,baggage行李,luggage行李不可数名词表示“量“”时：e.g.apieceoffurniture一件家具apieceofinformation一那么信息apieceofadvice一个建议………复合名词变复数

只把复合名词中的主体各词变为复数形式。如：sister(s)-in-law嫂子，弟妹；step-son(s)继子；editor(s)-in-chief总编辑newcomer(s)移民passer(s)-by过路人如没有主体名词那么在最后一个词的后面加“s”。如：grown-up(s)成年人，go-between(s)中间人

※抽象名词具体化:表示某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的抽象名词，是不可数名词；如果表示具体的人或事，这一抽象名词可作为可数名词。difficulty困难；adifficulty一件难事experience经验；anexperience一次经历knowledge知识；agoodknowledge对…精通/熟知failure失败；afailure一个失败者，一件失败的事success成功；asuccess一位成功者，一件成功的事surprise惊奇；asurprise一件令人吃惊的事honour荣誉；anhonour一位(件)带来荣誉的人或事名词的所有格：名词词末加’s构成，表有生命的东西〔人或动物〕的名词所有格，如：Mike’sbag,Children’sDay,mybrother’sroom,women’srights…由介词of加名词构成，多用于无生命的东西。thecoverofthebook表示有生命的东西的名词也可以用of，特别是名词较长，有较多的定语时。如：thestoryofDrNormanBethuneDoyouknowthenameoftheboystandingatthegate?

在以下几种情况下，’s结构也可表示无生命的东西。表时间。aday’smeeting,fiveweeks’holiday,today’snewspaper.表自然现象。theearth’satmosphere,themoon’srays表国家、城市等地方。theworld’spopulation,China’sindustries表工作群体。theteam’svictory,theship’screw表度量衡及价值。amile’sjourney,fivedollars’worthofapples双重所有格表示局部概念，of短语修饰的名词前通常有表示数量的a,an,onetwo,some,several,afew,many,any,no等。名词+of+名词所有格afriendofmybrother’s2.名词+of+名词性物主代词somefriendsofmineseveralinventionsofEdison’s

UncleJackis____.Myfatherandmother’sfriendmyfather’sandmymother’sfriendafriendofmeafriendofmymother’sandfather’s2.YesterdayIwasinvitedtothedinnerat___.TurnersB.theTurnersC.Turners’D.theTurners’3.____isnotalongwaytowalk.Threemiles’distanceThreemilesdistanceThree-mile-distanceThree-milesdistanceathree-miledistance

返回目录名词作定语1.当名词作定语时，一般用单数形式。如shoeshopspencilboxesradioprogramsbookmarkstoothpastetrouserpockets但也有例外。asportscaracustomsofficerarmsproductionaclothesshopanaccountsdepartment2.woman/man+n.变复数时，两者都变。mendoctorswomenengineers实战演练Fatherwenttohisdoctorforadvicesabouthishearttrouble.Yesterdayafternoonhetoldmeabouthisexperienceasayoungman.SincetherestaurantinChinausuallyservesspecialdishofdifferentareas,youcanenjoyvariousChinesefoodswheneveryouare.Hesenthisdaughtertoagirl’shighschool.AuntMaryreturnedhomeaftertenyear’sabsence.adviceexperiencesdishesgirls’years’代词1.(2015·浙江高考)Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.2．(2015·四川高考)It’sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallycostsmemany.3．(2015·陕西高考)Mysoccercoachretiredlastweak.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.4．(2014·浙江高考)Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingfortheticket，whichwaseventuallyfoundunderaseatseveralrowsfromhisowner.5．(2014·大纲全国高考)Otherwise，itisimpossibleforhimtohelpeachother.it

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6.Ijustdevotedmetohugeamountsofpractice，notpayingattentiontorepeatedmistakes.