陕西省咸阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

2023~2024学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高一英语试题注意事项：1.本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题不回收。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanadivisethewomantokeep?A.Acat.B.Adog.C.Aturtle.2.Whywasthewomanwaitingforherroommate?A.Toreturnkeys.B.Togetintoherroom.C.Toborrowtextbooks.3.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cool.B.Cold.C.Hot.4.WhatisAndrewaskedtodo?A.Putawayhistoys.B.Finishhishomework.C.Gotosleep.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Atschool.C.Inacinema.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whattimeisitnow?A.6:40p.m.B.7:00p.m.C.7:20p.m.7.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Glad.B.Annoyed.C.Interested.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemanrecommendthewomantodo?A.Stayathome.B.Haveaguidedtour.C.Gotoaspecialmuseum.9.Howdoesthewomanfindtheman’ssuggestion?A.Attractive.B.Challenging.C.Confusing.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Wheredoestherunstart?A.Fromthecafé.B.Fromthesportscenter.C.Fromthecitylibrary.11.Howlongistherunnow?A.Threekilometers.B.Fivekilometers.C.Twokilometers.12.Howdoesthewomanadvisethemantoentertherace?A.Byphone.B.Byletter.C.BytheInternet.13.WhatwillSarahprobablyhelpdo?A.Takepictures.B.Reporttherace.C.Guidethechildren.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whydoesthemanwanttochangehisreservation?A.Heneedstoattendameeting.B.Hisflightwasputoff.C.Hismeetingendedearly.15.Howmanyotherpeopleareonthewaitinglistbesidestheman?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.16.WhenwillflightSA285startcheckingin?A.Inabout40minutes.B.Inaboutonehour.C.Inaboutonehourandahalf.17.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Checkhisbags.B.Waitforawhile.C.Applyforamembercard.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Hisstudents.B.Hischildren.C.Hisfriends.19.Whydoesthespeakersharetherules?A.Hewantstodosomeresearch.B.Hisfatheraskedhimto.C.Hefindstheruleshelpful.20.Whatarethelistenersexpectedtodonext?A.Writedowntheirthoughts.B.Sharetheirstories.C.Readsomebooks.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourBestOnlineEnglishCoursesUdemy:EnglishforBeginnersThis77-hourcourseisamongthebestsellingcourses.Itopenstostudentswithnoknowledgeofthelanguage.LearnerswillbecomegoodenoughtospeakclearlyandconfidentlyandunderstandthelanguagewellenoughtofollowmoviesandTV.Price:$110Timetocomplete:20weeksCoursera:EnglishforCareerDevelopmentCourseraissupportedbytheUSDepartmentofState’sBureauofEducationalandCulturalAffairs’officeofEnglishlearning.CourserateachesEnglishforbusinessskillslikejobsearching,resumesandinterviewing.Learnerscanstartatanytime.Price:$109Timetocomplete:40weeksAlison:EnglishforCareerDevelopmentThisself-paced(自定进度的)coursetakesauniquewaytoteachbusinessEnglish.Englishlanguagelearnerslearnthebasicsofsearching,applying,andinterviewingforjobsintheUnitedStates.Thoughallpartsofthecoursearefree,certificationcosts$45andisonlyforlearnerswhoreceive80percentorhighermarkstopasstheexam.Price:FreeTimetocomplete:Self-pacedPerfectlySpoken:EnglishforDailyUseThiscoursehelpsnon-localswiththekindsofEnglishusedonthestreetandonvacation.Itcoverscommonexpressions,suchaswhattosaywhenmeetingandgreetingpeople,andhowtoexpressfeelings.Thecourseincludesthelanguageusedwhentraveling,orderingatarestaurant,andduringtheUnitedKingdomholidays.Price:$85Timetocomplete:36weeks1HowmuchshouldlearnerspayforUdemy?A.$45. B.$110. C.$109. D.$85.2.WhatdoCourseraandAlisonhaveincommon?A.TheyfocusonbusinessEnglish. B.Theymustbefinishedin40weeks.C.Theyaresuitableforchildren. D.Theyarefree.3.Whichcourseattractsnon-localswhowanttolearndailyEnglish?A.Udemy. B.Coursera. C.Alison. D.PerfectlySpoken.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对四款最好的网上英语学习课程进行了广告宣传。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Udemy:EnglishforBeginners”部分中的“Price:$110(价格：110美元)”可知，学习者应该为Udemy支付110美元。故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“Coursera:EnglishforCareerDevelopment”部分中的“CourserateachesEnglishforbusinessskillslikejobsearching,resumesandinterviewing.(Coursera教授商务英语技能，如求职、简历和面试)”和“Alison:EnglishforCareerDevelopment”部分中的“Thisself-paced(自定进度的)coursetakesauniquewaytoteachbusinessEnglish.(这个自定进度的课程采用一种独特的方式来教授商务英语)”可推知，Coursera和Alison的共同之处是都主攻商务英语。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“PerfectlySpoken:EnglishforDailyUse”部分中的“Thiscoursehelpsnon-localswiththekindsofEnglishusedonthestreetandonvacation.(本课程帮助非本地人学习在街上和度假时使用的各种英语)”可知，“完美英语”课程能吸引想要学习日常英语的外地人。故选D。BGoingagainstthetrendofgoingtowell-knownyetcrowdedtouristdestinationsonvacation,agrowingnumberofholidaymakersinChinaarespendingtheirholidaysatless-knownplacestolookforuniqueandrelaxedholidayexperiences.“Reversetourism”(反向旅游)hasappearedasanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.Duringtheweeklongpublicholiday,whichendedonOct7,largenumbersofvacationers,especiallyyouthwholongtoescapetheirbusycitylives,avoidpopularholidaydestinationsinordertogetoffthebeatentrackandenjoysomepeaceandquietness.AccordingtodatafromonlinetravelagencyQunarthenumberofroomsbookedathotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30percentyear-on-year.Bookingsforfourandfive-starhotelsinless-traveledplaces,includingLinxiainGansuprovinceandShizuishaninNingxia,allincreasedatleast10timesfromthesameperiodof2021.Even12.5percentofyouthwhonormallyhavelittletimeforthemselvessimplyhadatimeinahoteltomakethemuch-awaitedholidaymorerelaxing.Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripstopopulardestinations,whichofteninvolveexpensivetickets,mealsandhotelstays.What’smore,less-knownattractionsareabletooffermorenaturalexperiences,accordingtosocialmediaposts.Andunlikepopulardestinations,someundevelopedplaceswithlittleonlineattentioncanoffermoresurprises.JiangHan,aseniorresearcherattheBeijing-basedpublicpolicythinktankPangoal(盘古智库),saidthatreversetourismwillbecomeoneofthefuturedirectionsforthemarketandisanopportunityforgrowthwhichcanmatchthecampingeconomy.4.Ifyousupport“reversetourism”,youwillprobablychoose________.A.afamoustouristdestinationonholidaysB.acheapandpopularvacationC.adevelopeddestinationtoenjoyyourselfD.aless-knownplaceforrelaxedexperiences5.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3?A.Bygivingnumbers. B.Bylistingreasons.C.Bycomparingopinions. D.Bygivingdefinitions.6.What’sJiangHan’sattitudetowardsthefutureofreversetourism?A.Negative. B.Doubtful.C.Positive. D.Unconcerned.7.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Vacationerscansavemoneywhiletravelling.B.Moreandmorepeopleacceptless-travelleddestinations.C.Peopleprefertospendtheirholidaysbytravelling.D.Youngpeopleoftenhavelittletimetotravelaround.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。在中国年轻度假者中，“反向旅游”已成为一种新趋势，文章对这种现象进行了介绍。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Goingagainstthetrendofgoingtowell-knownyetcrowdedtouristdestinationsonvacation,agrowingnumberofholidaymakersinChinaarespendingtheirholidaysatless-knownplacestolookforuniqueandrelaxedholidayexperiences.“Reversetourism”(反向旅游)hasappearedasanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.(与去知名但拥挤的旅游目的地度假的趋势相反，越来越多的中国度假者开始在不太知名的地方度假，寻求独特而轻松的假期体验。在中国年轻度假者中，“反向旅游”已成为一种新趋势。)”可知，如果你支持“反向旅游”，你可能会选择一个不太知名的地方放松体验。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“AccordingtodatafromonlinetravelagencyQunar,thenumberofroomsbookedathotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30percentyear-on-year.Bookingsforfourandfive-starhotelsinless-traveledplaces,includingLinxiainGansuprovinceandShizuishaninNingxia,allincreasedatleast10timesfromthesameperiodof2021.Even12.5percentofyouthwhonormallyhavelittletimeforthemselvessimplyhadatimeinahoteltomakethemuch-awaitedholidaymorerelaxing.(据在线旅行社去哪儿网的数据显示，在旅游较少的城市，春节期间酒店预订的房间数量同比增长了30%。在旅游较少的地区，包括甘肃临夏和宁夏石嘴山，四星级和五星级酒店的预订量都比2021年同期增长了至少10倍。甚至有12.5%的年轻人通常很少有自己的时间，他们只是在酒店呆了一段时间，让期待已久的假期更加放松。)”可知，第三段主要是通过引用数据展开。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“JiangHan,aseniorresearcherattheBeijing-basedpublicpolicythinktankPangoal(盘古智库),saidthatreversetourismwillbecomeoneofthefuturedirectionsforthemarketandisanopportunityforgrowthwhichcanmatchthecampingeconomy.(总部位于北京的公共政策智库盘古智库的高级研究员姜涵表示，反向旅游将成为市场未来的发展方向之一，是一个可以与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。)”可知，姜涵对反向旅游持积极态度。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Goingagainstthetrendofgoingtowell-knownyetcrowdedtouristdestinationsonvacation,agrowingnumberofholidaymakersinChinaarespendingtheirholidaysatless-knownplacestolookforuniqueandrelaxedholidayexperiences.“Reversetourism”(反向旅游)hasappearedasanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.(与去知名但拥挤的旅游目的地度假的趋势相反，越来越多的中国度假者开始在不太知名的地方度假，寻求独特而轻松的假期体验。在中国年轻度假者中，“反向旅游”已成为一种新趋势。)”可知，文章主要是讲越来越多的人接受游客较少的旅游目的地。故选B。CFivesecondsareleftontheclock.Theballispassedfromoneplayertoanother.Theathletesmovequicklypastopponents(对手).Inthefinalsecond,aplayerscoresthewinninggoal.Whatsetsthismatchapart?Theplayersareinwheelchairs.Wheelchairrugbyisplayedinmorethan25countriesaroundtheworld,withmenandwomencompetingequally.ItisalsoasportintheSummerParalympics,theworld’ssecond-largestsportingeventaftertheOlympics.Thesport’srulesandequipmentaredifferentfromtraditionalrugby,whichhas15playersonanoutdoorfieldandkickingmethodsthataresimilartofootballintheUnitedStates.Wheelchairrugbyisplayedindoorsonasmallhardwoodcourt.Onlyfourplayersfromeach10-memberteamareonthecourtatthesametime.Inwheelchairrugby,theballissmallerthanatraditionalrugbyballandroundinsteadofoval(椭圆形).Thismakesiteasiertocarryonone’sknee.It’salsoeasiertocatch,whichisimportantbecausesomeplayersstrugglewithhandmovements.Inwheelchairrugby,theaimistocarrytheballacrossthegoalline.Insteadofkickingotherplayersalongtheway,theathletescrashwitheachotherinordertokicktheballout.InNewZealand,theAllBlacks,thetraditionalrugbyteam,arewidelyknown.ButnoteveryoneknowsabouttheWheelBlacks,whotravelacrossthecountryandinternationallytocompete.Membersofthisgreatteamwonthegoldmedalinthe2004ParalympicGamesandthethirdmedalinthe2019Asia-OceaniaChampionships.Theteamcaptainencourageseveryonetofindasporttheylove,nomatterwhatlimitationstheymayhave.“Inanysportthatyou’rewantingtotry,”hesaid,“justgoforit.Don’tbeafraidtopushthelimit.”8.Whatisspecialaboutthematchintroducedinthetext?A.Itisverycompetitive.B.There’ssomethingwrongwiththeplayers’bodies.C.Menandwomencompetetogether.D.Itreceivesgreatattention.9.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thehistoryofthegame. B.Thetraditionalrugby.C.Differentrugbyballs. D.Differencesbetweentwokindsofsports.10.Whathappensduringthewheelchairrugby?A.Athletesnevercarrytheball. B.Athletesbreaktherulesalot.C.Athletesknockintoeachother. D.Athleteskickotherplayerswildly.11.Whatdoesthecaptainencourageotherstodo?A.Facelimitationsanddothesporttheylove.B.Trytheirbestinthesporttowinanhonor.C.Domoreexercisetokeephealthy.D.Takepartindifferentsportsiftheyhavetime.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了轮椅橄榄球比赛中的特别之处及其比赛规则。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Whatsetsthismatchapart?Theplayersareinwheelchairs.(是什么让这场比赛与众不同？运动员们坐在轮椅上。)”可知，文章中介绍的比赛的特别之处是运动员的身体都有问题。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“Thesport’srulesandequipmentaredifferentfromtraditionalrugby,whichhas15playersonanoutdoorfieldandkickingmethodsthataresimilartofootballintheUnitedStates.(这项运动的规则和设备与传统橄榄球不同，传统橄榄球有15名球员在室外场地上比赛，踢法与美国的足球相似。)”可知，第三段主要是讲这项活动和传统橄榄球的不同。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Insteadofkickingotherplayersalongtheway,theathletescrashwitheachotherinordertokicktheballout.(运动员们不是在路上踢其他球员，而是互相碰撞，以便把球踢出去。)”可知，在轮椅橄榄球比赛中运动员会互相碰撞。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Theteamcaptainencourageseveryonetofindasporttheylove,nomatterwhatlimitationstheymayhave.(队长鼓励每个人都去找一项自己喜欢的运动，不管他们有什么限制。)”可知，队长鼓励别人面对限制，并做自己喜欢的运动。故选A。DAvolcaniceruptioncreatedanewbutpossiblychangeableislandinthemiddleoftheSouthPacificOcean.AnunderwatervolcanonexttotheKingdomofTongaeruptedinearlySeptember,causinglava(岩浆)torisetothesurface.Thesteam(蒸汽)andwateroutofitthenformedintoanewlandmass,measuringatovereightacres.TheHomeReefseamountistheplacewherethevolcanoeruptedonSeptember10th,2022.NASA’sEarthObservatorynotedthatittookaboutelevenhoursforthelandmasstoriseoutofthewater.Theagencypublishedanimagethathasspreadonsocialmediathatshowsthesizeofthenewunnamedisland.Overtheweekend,theTongaGeologicalServicesstatedtheislandwasabout8.6acresandmeasuredabout50feetabovesealevel.WhilevolcanicactivitiescontinuedtoplaguetheHomeReef,onlyacoupleofneighboringtheTongaislandswereatlowrisk.“Allsailorsare,however,advisedtosailbeyond4kilometersawayfromHomeReefuntilfurthernotice,”officialswiththeTongaGeologicalServicesnotedinastatement.UnderwatervolcaniceruptionsnearTongathatledtonewislands,althoughuncommon,havehappenedafewtimesoverthelasttwocenturies,includingin1852,1857,1984and2006.However,NASA’sEarthObservatoryshowedthatmanyofthesevolcanicislandsexistedonlyforafewmonthsoryears.“Islandscreatedbyunderseavolcanoesoftenlastonlyforashorttime,thoughveryfewsometimeslastforyears.HomeReefhashadfourrecordedperiodsoferuptions,includingeventsin1852and1857,”theagencynoted.“Anislandcreatedbya12-dayeruptionfromnearbyLate’ikivolcanoin2020waswashedawayaftertwomonths,whileanearlierislandcreatedin1995bythesamevolcanoremainedfor25years.”12.What’sthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Howthelavarosetothesurface.B.Howanunnamedislandformed.C.Whyanunnamedislanddisappeared.D.Whyanunderwatervolcanoerupted.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plague”meaninParagraph3?A.Change. B.Improve. C.Measure. D.Trouble.14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheislandscreatedbyunderseavolcanoes?A.Short-lived. B.Common. C.Fast-growing. D.Huge.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TongaIslandsAreatRiskB.NASAMadeNewDiscoveriesinthePacificC.UnderwaterVolcanoCreatesNewIslandinthePacificD.VolcanicEruptionRuinsNeighboringTongaIslands【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。一次火山爆发在南太平洋中部形成了一个新的但可能会变化的岛屿，文章对此进行了详细报道。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“AvolcaniceruptioncreatedanewbutpossiblychangeableislandinthemiddleoftheSouthPacificOcean.(一次火山爆发在南太平洋中部形成了一个新的但可能会变化的岛屿。)”和后两句“AnunderwatervolcanonexttotheKingdomofTongaeruptedinearlySeptember,causinglava(岩浆)torisetothesurface.Thesteam(蒸汽)andwateroutofitthenformedintoanewlandmass,measuringatovereightacres.(9月初，汤加王国附近的一座水下火山爆发，熔岩涌上水面。从火山喷发出来的蒸汽和水形成了一块新的陆地，面积超过8英亩。)”可知，第一段主要是讲火山爆发形成了一个新的岛屿并介绍了它是如何形成的。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“Whilevolcanicactivitiescontinuedto(尽管火山活动还在继续)”可知，此处是指尽管火山活动继续困扰着家园礁，所以plague意为“困扰”。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“However,NASA’sEarthObservatoryshowedthatmanyofthesevolcanicislandsexistedonlyforafewmonthsoryears.(然而，美国宇航局的地球观测站显示，这些火山岛中的许多只存在了几个月或几年。)”可知，“短命”这个词最能描述海底火山形成的岛屿。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“AvolcaniceruptioncreatedanewbutpossiblychangeableislandinthemiddleoftheSouthPacificOcean.(一次火山爆发在南太平洋中部形成了一个新的但可能会变化的岛屿。)”可知，文章主要是讲海底火山在太平洋上形成了一个新岛屿。故选C。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatTeenagersCanDotoEarnMoreRespectAsteenagerscontinuetogrowanddevelopintoyoungadults,thetransition(过渡)toadulthoodhasbegun.Withsomanyphysicalandemotionalchangesgoingon,certainmannersareoftenforgottenandotheradulttraits(品质)arenotyetacceptedasawayoflife.____16____Contributetothehousehold.Attheveryleast,cleanupafteryourself.____17____Whenyoumakeamess,cleanitup.Thisincludes,butisnotlimitedto,yourdishesandyourroom.Yourdoingthechoreshelpstoreducetheperson’sloadwhodidthechoresbefore.Nowthatyou’reoldenoughandcapable,whyshouldn’tyoudothehousehold?Thepeopledoingthechoresbeforewillgreatlyappreciatethehelp.Beresponsible.____18____Whethertheyarebasicthings,likebrushingyourteethordoingyourhomework,orbeingmoreinvolvedinchoresthatcontributetothehousehold,simplyfulfillyourresponsibilitiesintime.Whenadultsknowthattheycanrelyonyou,theirtrustandrespectforyouwillincrease.____19____Insteadoftakingtheeasyapproachandaskingforhelpmakeanefforttosolveyourproblemsonyourownfirst.The“easyway”isonlyeasyforyou,butitisanextrataskforthepersonfromwhomyouareseekinghelp.____20____Dependingontheproblem,15minutesofeffortisusuallyagoodguideline.Whenyoubecomeagoodproblemsolver,youwillincreaseyourvaluetothecommunity.A.Asateenager,youareoldenoughtocleanupafteryourself.B.Itwillmakeyourlifemorepleasant.C.Solvemoreofyourownproblemswithoutaskingforhelp.D.Whenspeakingtoagroup,speakloudenough.E.Seekhelponlyafteryouhavemadeanhonesteffort.F.Everyonehascertainresponsibilities.G.Bydoingthefollowingthings,youwillearnmorerespect.【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.C20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了青少年如何才能获得更多尊重的方法。【16题详解】根据标题“WhatTeenagersCanDotoEarnMoreRespect(青少年如何赢得尊重)”和小标题“Contributetothehousehold.(为家庭做出贡献。)”可知，此处是指按照下面的要求做就能得到更多的尊重，所以选项G“通过做以下的事情，你会赢得更多的尊重。”切合文意。故选G。【17题详解】根据前文“Attheveryleast,cleanupafteryourself.(至少，把你自己打理干净。)”可知，此处是指作为青少年要把自己打理干净，所以选项A“作为一个青少年，你已经长大了，可以自己打扫卫生了。”切合文意。故选A。【18题详解】根据小标题“Beresponsible.(要负责任。)”和后文“Whethertheyarebasicthings,likebrushingyourteethordoingyourhomework,orbeingmoreinvolvedinchoresthatcontributetothehousehold,simplyfulfillyourresponsibilitiesintime.(无论是基本的事情，比如刷牙或做作业，还是更多地参与家务，只要及时履行你的责任就行了。)”可知，此处是指每个人都有应负的责任，所以选项F“每个人都有一定的责任。”切合文意。故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Insteadoftakingtheeasyapproachandaskingforhelp,makeanefforttosolveyourproblemsonyourownfirst.(与其采取简单的方法寻求帮助，不如先努力自己解决问题。)”可知，此处是指要努力学会独立解决问题，所以选项C“不要寻求帮助，多解决自己的问题。”切合文意。故选C。【20题详解】根据后文“Dependingontheproblem,15minutesofeffortisusuallyagoodguideline.(根据问题的不同，15分钟的努力通常是一个很好的指导。)”可知，此处是指要在确实已经做过充分努力之后再寻求帮助，所以选项E“只有在你做出诚实的努力之后才寻求帮助。”切合文意。故选E。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AlmostassoonasIadoptedTroy,acutepuppy,inthewinter,IfeltI’dmadeaterriblemistake.Troywasturningouttobevery____21____fromthelittledogthathadledmetoexpect.Notonlywashe____22____uptobefarbiggerthanthepromised30—40pounds,buthewasextremely____23____.Troywouldrunaroundtheapartmentlikelightning,____24____thingsover.IfoundmyselfrunningafterTroyalldaylong.Withtime,Irealizedhow____25____unpreparedIwasfordogparenting.Troyalwaystestedmy____26____.IwishedIcouldreturntothefreedaysbeforeIhadthishuge____27____.Finally,I____28____himwildlyoneday.Thatbroughthugeshame.IrealizedIhadletmyanger____29____me.Idecidedtoreachoutforhelp.Thedogtrainer____30____meskillstoredirectTroy’senergy.Withthesnow____31____fromtheroad,thingsstartedtogetbetter.Troywenttotheparkandmadepuppyfriends.Hecanbetter____32____mywords.Ichanged,too.Iwasnolongerquicktoangerbutinsteadlearnedtodealwithsituationswith____33____.Thefirstfewmonthswerehard,butIfinallymademy____34____withthatlittleone.TroytaughtmelessonsIholddearnow.It’seasytoletour____35____getthebestofus,butittakesstrengthandself-awarenesstofindhealthierwaystodealwiththem.21.A.illegal B.different C.safe D.suitable22.A.shaping B.mixing C.adding D.walking23.A.friendly B.lazy C.competitive D.energetic24.A.picking B.knocking C.looking D.running25.A.comfortably B.creatively C.sadly D.happily26.A.demand B.strength C.base D.will27.A.context B.progress C.average D.responsibility28.A.talkedto B.shoutedat C.ranwith D.criedfor29.A.control B.train C.forgive D.encourage30.A.quoted B.cheated C.taught D.competed31.A.lain B.broken C.swept D.struck32.A.protest B.confuse C.attract D.understand33.A.patience B.worry C.hope D.shock34.A.promise B.peace C.plan D.habit35.A.debates B.comments C.emotions D.concerns【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.D28.B29.A30.C31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在冬天收养了特洛伊这只可爱的小狗，但是特洛伊不仅长得比承诺的30-40磅要大得多，而且精力充沛，给作者带来很多烦恼，但是通过从训练师那学到技巧，作者能够和特洛伊和平相处的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：特洛伊和我想象中的小狗大不相同。A.illegal非法的；B.different不同的；C.safe安全的；D.suitable合适的。根据“befarbiggerthanthepromised30—40pounds,”可知，特洛伊和我想象中的小狗大不相同。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不仅长得比承诺的30-40磅要大得多，而且精力充沛。A.shaping使成……形状；B.mixing混合；C.adding添加；D.walking散步。根据“farbiggerthanthepromised30—40pounds,”可知，这是说特洛伊的体型。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅长得比承诺的30-40磅要大得多，而且精力充沛。A.friendly友好的；B.lazy懒惰的；C.competitive竞争的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据“Troywouldrunaroundtheapartmentlikelightning”可知，特洛伊精力充沛，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：特洛伊会像闪电一样在公寓里跑来跑去，把东西撞翻。A.picking挑选；B.knocking敲门，碰；C.looking看；D.running奔跑。根据“Troywouldrunaroundtheapartmentlikelightning”可知，特洛伊会跑来跑去，把东西撞翻。knockover撞翻，故选B。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我意识到我对养狗是多么的毫无准备。A.comfortably舒服；B.creatively创造性地；C.sadly悲伤地，极为；D.happily快乐地。根据“IfoundmyselfrunningafterTroyalldaylong.”可知，可知作者对养狗准备的极为不充分。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：特洛伊总是考验我的意志。A.demand要求；B.strength力气；C.base基础；D.will意志。根据“IwishedIcouldreturntothefreedays”可知，特洛伊给我带来了很多麻烦，考验我的意志。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望我能回到肩负重任之前的自由时光。A.context语境；B.progress进步；C.average平均数；D.responsibility责任。根据“dogparenting”可知，照料狗是肩负重任的事。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：终于有一天，我疯狂地对他大喊大叫。A.talkedto谈话；B.shoutedat冲……喊叫；C.ranwith和……一起跑；D.criedfor为……哭泣。根据“IwishedIcouldreturntothefreedays”可知，我终于忍不住冲特洛伊大喊。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到自己被愤怒控制了。A.control控制；B.train训练；C.forgive原谅；D.encourage鼓励。根据“Finally,I8himwildlyoneday.”可知，我非常生气，愤怒控制我。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：训狗师教会了我重新分配特洛伊能量的技巧。A.quoted引用；B.cheated欺骗；C.taught教给；D.competed竞赛。根据“Thedogtrainer”可知，训狗师教会了我训狗技巧。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着路上的雪被扫除，情况开始好转。A.lain摆放；B.broken打破；C.swept打扫；D.struck袭击。根据“Troywenttothepark”可知，路上雪被扫除，特洛伊可以去公园。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他能更好地理解我的话。A.protest抗议；B.confuse困惑；C.attract吸引；D.understand理解。根据“Ichanged,too.Iwasnolongerquicktoanger”可知，特洛伊能理解我的话。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再轻易发怒，而是学会了用耐心来处理各种情况。A.patience耐心；B.worry担忧；C.hope希望；D.shock惊讶。根据“Iwasnolongerquicktoanger”可知，我对特洛伊有了耐心。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初的几个月很难熬，但我终于和那个小家伙和平相处。A.promise承诺；B.peace和平；C.plan计划；D.habit习惯。根据“Ichanged,too.Iwasnolongerquicktoangerbutinsteadlearnedtodealwithsituations”可知，作者和特洛伊和平相处。mademypeacewith和……和平相处。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易让情绪占据我们最好的一面，但找到更健康的方法来处理它们需要力量和自我意识。A.debates辩论；B.comments评论；C.emotions情感；D.concerns担忧。根据“IrealizedIhadletmyanger9me.”可知，我们很容易让情绪占据我们。故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyyearaftertherainyseason,aroundtheninthmonthoftheTibetancalendar,thePotalaPalace____36____(carry)outitsannualpaintingproject.Lastyear,the“makeover”started____37____Oct18.ManypeopleinLhasajoinedintheworkofpaintingtheoutsidewallsoftheUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.ThePotalaPalaceisalandmarkofLhasa____38____isthecapitalofTibet.Itwasbuiltinthe____39____(seven)centurybytheTibetankingSongtsenGampo(松赞干布).Accordingtolocals,inthepast,paintingthePotalaPalacewouldtakeabout____40____month.Now,thankstotheprogressintechnology,thepaintingcan____41____(finish)withinaweek.Beforepainting,____42____(work)mixlocallime(石灰)withthingssuchasmilk,honeyandsugar.Astheyareused,localsalsocallthePotalaPalacethe“sweetpalace”.Manylocalsqueuedupinlonglinesintheearlymorningtotakepartinthepainting,consideringittobeanhonor.“Wequeuedforalongtimeyesterday____43____wefailedtoenterthepalace,”saidayoungwoman.“Today,wecametolineupintheearlymorning.Weweresolucky____44____(get)thechancetoparticipateinthepaintingofthepalace.”“Ihavebeentakingpartintheannualpaintingsofthepalaceformorethan20years,”saidDawa,57,anotherhappypainter.“Iconsiderthepalacetobeavery____45____(importance)heritage,andIamproudtobepartofthepaintingteam.”【答案】36.carries37.on38.which##that39.seventh40.a41.befinished42.workers43.but44.toget45important【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。每年雨季过后，也就是藏历九月左右，布达拉宫都会进行一年一度的粉刷工程，去年，拉萨的许多人都参加了这座联合国教科文组织世界遗产地外墙的粉刷工作。文章对此事进行了记述。【36题详解】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：每年雨季过后，也就是藏历九月左右，布达拉宫都会进行一年一度的粉刷工程。根据“Everyyearaftertherainyseason”可知，此处描述客观规律，所以应用一般现在时。主语thePotalaPalace为第三人称单数。动词短语carryout意为“进行”。故填carries。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：去年，“大改造”始于10月18日。表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。故填on。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：布达拉宫是西藏首府拉萨的标志性建筑。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Lhasa，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。【39题详解】考查序数词。句意：它是七世纪由西藏国王松赞干布建造的。century意为“世纪”，为可数名词，此处为单数形式，所以应用序数词seventh表示“第七个”。故填seventh。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：据当地人说，在过去，粉刷布达拉宫需要大约一个月的时间。month意为“月”，为可数名词，此处为单数形式，所以是指一个月，month的开头发音为辅音，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。【41题详解】考查语态。句意：现在，由于技术的进步，粉刷可以在一周内完成。动词finish意为“完成”，和主语构成被动关系，在情态动词can后动词应用原形。故填befinished。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：在粉刷之前，工人们将当地的石灰与牛奶、蜂蜜和糖等混合在一起。根据“mixlocallime(石灰)withthingssuchasmilk,honeyandsugar”可知，此处是指工人们