2023-2024学年贵州省高二上学期11月期中英语试题(解析版)

PAGEPAGE2贵州省2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AResearchingbothexperts’andtravelers’opinions,weselectedsomegoodHollywoodtours.BigBusToursLosAngeles—TMZCelebrityTourPrice:$59foradultsand$49forkidsaged3to12.Childrenyoungerthan2arenotpermittedDuration:2hoursTMZoperatesthisbustourtotaketravelersthroughHollywoodinthehopesofseeingtheirfavoritecelebrities.Duringthetwo-hourtrip,TMZguideswilltakeyoutocelebrityhangoutsinWestHollywood,BeverlyHills,theSunsetStripandmore.Theguidesevenbringvideocamerasincaseapassingcelebrity(名人)iswillingtogiveaninterview.TheRealLosAngelesTours—TheRealHollywoodTourPrice:$40foradults;children12andyoungerforfree.Duration:2hoursDuringthishistoricwalkingtour,travelerswilllearnwhyHollywood—onceafarmingtown—wasselectedbymovieindustrypioneersintheearly20thcentury.Thetwo-hourtouralsostopsatuniquesights,suchastheoldesthouseinHollywood.Butmajorattractionsaren’tforgotteneither:YoucanexpecttoseetheCapitolRecordsBuilding,theDolbyTheatreandtheHollywoodWalkofFame,amongothersights.BikesandHikesLA—HollywoodSignHikePrice:$34perperson.Duration:2.5hoursForauniqueandsunshine-filledHollywoodtour,optforthis2.5-hourhiketotheHollywoodsign.HighlightsincludeaviewoftheGriffithObservatory,panoramicviewsfromMountHollywoodandlocalguideswhoalsodoubleasactorsandcomedians.Alongthe4-mileround-triphike,youmightevenseelocalcelebritieswalkingtheirdogs.BikesandHikesLArecommendswearingsunscreen,sunglassesandsneakers,andbringingasmartphoneforallthoseInstagram-worthyviews.HollywoodCityTours—TheOriginalHollywoodTourPrice:Approximately$45foradults;$35forkids11andyoungerDuration:2hoursAccordingtotravelers,thistourisworthwhileifyou’reonlyinLosAngelesforashortamountoftime,asyoucoveralotofgroundinjusttwohours.You’llcruise(慢速行驶)alongRodeoDriveandtheSunsetStripinanopen-topbusasyourdriver(whodoublesasyourguide)sharesinterestingtidbits(趣闻)andhistoricalinformation.1.Whichisthecheapesttourforacouplewithakidaged5?A.BigBusToursLosAngeles—TMZCelebrityTour.B.TheRealLosAngelesTours—TheRealHollywoodTour.C.BikesandHikesLA—HollywoodSignHike.D.HollywoodCityTours—TheOriginalHollywoodTour.2.WhichofthefollowingdoesBikesandHikesLAsuggesttaking?A.Asmartphone. B.Avideocamera.C.Asweater. D.Atelescope.3.Whatcantravelersdoduringanopen-topbustour?A.Comeacrosstheirfavoritecelebrities.B.HaveaviewofGriffithObservatory.C.SeetheCapitolRecordsBuilding.D.Hearsomehistoricalinformation.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了去好莱坞参观的四条旅游线路。【答案】1.B2.A3.D1．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一条线路可知，一对夫妻加一个5岁小孩需花费59*2+49=167，第二条线路需40*2+0=80，第三条线路需花费34*3=102，第四条线路需花费45*2+35=125，因此，选择第二条路线“TheRealLosAngelesTours—TheRealHollywoodTour(真正的洛杉矶之旅——真正的好莱坞之旅)”最便宜。故选B。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据“BikesandHikesLA—HollywoodSignHike”标题下的最后一句“BikesandHikesLArecommendswearingsunscreen,sunglassesandsneakers,andbringingasmartphoneforallthoseInstagram-worthyviews.(洛杉矶的自行车和徒步旅行建议戴防晒霜、太阳镜和运动鞋，并带上智能手机观看所有值得在Instagram上观看的内容。)”可知，如果选取此线路，建议游客带上智能手机。故选A。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据“HollywoodCityTours—TheOriginalHollywoodTour”标题下的最后一句“You’llcruise(慢速行驶)alongRodeoDriveandtheSunsetStripinanopen-topbusasyourdriver(whodoublesasyourguide)sharesinterestingtidbits(趣闻)andhistoricalinformation.(您将乘坐敞篷巴士沿着罗迪欧大道和日落大道巡游，您的司机（兼导游）将分享有趣的花絮和历史信息。)”可知，游客在乘坐敞篷巴士时，司机（兼导游）会向游客介绍趣闻和历史信息。故选D。BIn1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlow-incomecommunities.Oneday,shesawsomethingthatstoppedherinhertracks.“Iwasataschoolinawealthycommunity,andtheyweregettingridofalmostbrandnewbooksbecausetheydidn’thaveroominthelibrary,”saidConstantino.Sheputthebooksinhercaranddrovethemtoaschoolinanunderservedcommunity.Shockedbythedifferenceshesawinpublicschoollibraries,Constantinobecamedeterminedtobridgethegap.“Schoollibrariesarenotfundedwell,andsometimesnotfundedatall,”saidConstantino.“Ifyou’reachildinanunderservedcommunity,you’releftwithboring,outdated,anduninterestingbooks.”ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.Constantinorecruits(招募)volunteerswhoworkalongsidethecommunitytocreateawarm,vibrant(充满生机的)andwelcominglibraryspace.Studentsandtheirfamilies,aswellasschoolstaffandteachers,cometogethertojoinin.“We’reworkingtogether.It’snotagift;it’sapartnership.Itreallybuildsasenseofcommunity,”saidConstantino.Inadditiontobookdonationsandrefurbishing(再装修)libraries,thegroupoffersauthorvisitswithschoolsandholdsanannualwritersconferenceforkids.Constantinosaid,“Ifweprovidehigh-interestbooksandabeautifullibraryspace,theydocomeandtheydoread.Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.Mygoalisthatkidscanalwayshaveafriendinabookandtheycanalwaysturntoabooktofindcomfortandtolearnsomething.”4.WhydidConstantinodothestudyin1999?A.ToprepareforaPhD.B.Toreducethewasteofbooks.C.Todonatemorebookstopoorcommunities.D.Tofigureoutkids’waysofgainingreadingbooks.5.HowdidConstantinobridgethegap?A.Byobtainingdonatedbooks.B.Byraisingmoneyonthestreet.C.Byfoundingaprofitableorganization.D.Bygettingsupportfromthelocalgovernment.6.WhichcanbestdescribeConstantino’swork?A.Depressing. B.Controversial.C.Successful. D.Temporary.7.Whatimpactdoesthenonprofitorganizationhaveonkidsinpoorcommunities?A.Theythinkthebooksontheshelfdifficulttoread.B.Theycanturntowritersoncampus.C.Theydonatetheirownbookstoschoollibraries.D.Theyaremorewillingtoreadbooks.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，RebeccaConstantino

成立了一个非营利性组织，给贫困地区学校的图书馆捐书。【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D4．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“In1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlow-incomecommunities.(1999年，RebeccaConstantino开始在洛杉矶各地的学校进行研究。她刚刚完成了语言、识字和学习的博士学位，她正在分析富裕和低收入社区的儿童获得书籍的机会。)”可知，

Constantino

在1999年做这项研究的原因是为了找到孩子们获得阅读书籍的方法。故选D。5．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.(关于

Constantino

工作的消息传开了，书籍开始堆积起来。如今，她的非营利组织AccessBooks已经为加州的公立学校和社区图书馆提供了150多万本书。)”可知，她的做法是让别人知道她要弥补这一差距，这样其他人开始捐书，然后送给公立学校和社区图书馆。故选A。6．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.(如今，她的非营利组织AccessBooks已经为加州的公立学校和社区图书馆提供了150多万本书。)”和最后一段的“Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.

Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.(我们发现，在我们服务的学校里，我们来了之后，借书的数量显著增加。所以我们知道孩子们对我们提供的书很感兴趣。)”可知，Constantino的捐书工作是成功的。故选C。7．【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.

(我们发现，在我们服务的学校里，我们来了之后，借书的数量显著增加。所以我们知道孩子们对我们提供的书很感兴趣。)”可知，在Constantino服务的学校里，借阅图书的数量明显增加，因此，孩子们更愿意读书了。故选D。CFindinglow-costsustainablebuildingmaterialsisimportantfortheenvironmentandinprovidingaccesstoaffordablehousing.Researchershavecreatedacomposite(复合的)buildingmaterialbyreplacingsandinbuildingmaterialswithacommon,non-degradable(不可降解的)wasteproduct:useddisposablediapers(一次性尿布).DrivenbyadesiretosolveIndonesia’ssignificantpopulationgrowthanddemandforlow-costhousing,researcherslookedforawayofmaintainingthebenefitsofbuildingmaterialsbutmakingitmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandcheapertoproduce.Buildingmaterialsamplescontainingdifferentproportions(比例)ofdisposablediaperwasteweretested.Thentheresearcherscalculatedthemaximumamountofsandthatcouldbereplacedwithdiaperwaste,findingthatupto8%ofthesandcouldbereplacedtosafelyconstructahousewith36squaremeters.10%ofthesandcouldbereplacedinathree-storyhouseand27%inasingle-storyhouse.Intermsofthematerialsusedtocreatepartitionwalls(隔断墙),theresearcherssaidtheycouldreplaceupto40%ofsand.“Thisresearchhasconcludedthataddinguseddiaperstobuildingmaterialsdoesnotsignificantlyweakenitsstrength,”theteamstated.“Itprovesusingdiaperstocreatecompositematerialsisfeasible,particularlyconcerningthedevelopmentofenvironmentallyfriendlyandcost-effectivematerials.”Indonesiaisrankedsixthgloballyfordisposablediaperusage.Manyuseddiapersarethrownawayinthecountry’sriversandwaterways,causingpollution.In2019,thetotalwasteinIndonesiawas29.21milliontons.Thisfigureroseto32.76milliontonsin2020.However,theresearchersknowthecurrentlimitationsofusingwastediapersasaconstructionmaterial.Foronething,itwouldrequireengagementwithwastetreatmentfacilitiestocollectuseddiapersfromhouseholdsanddealwiththem.Secondly,machinesthatcutuptheuseddiaperswouldbeneededonalargescale.Nonetheless,theresearchhighlightsthepotentialforusingnon-degradablewaste,addressingsustainabilityissuesandprovidinglow-costhousing.8.Whichisanadvantageofreplacingsandwithuseddisposablediapers?A.Loweringcarbonfootprint. B.Speedinguptheconstructionofhousing.C.Increasingtheweightofbuildingmaterials. D.Improvingthequalityofbuildingmaterials.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”inparagraph3referto?A.Enormous. B.Conservative. C.Practical. D.Urgent.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph4?A.Tointroduceatopic. B.Toattractthereaders.C.Todrawaconclusion. D.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BuildingMaterialsAreinGreatDemandB.Indonesia’sAwarenessofEnvironmentalProtectionC.AFurtherStudyonMaterialsofDisposableDiapersD.WasteDisposableDiapersLaytheFoundationforFutureHomes【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了出于环保考虑，研究人员发明了一种复合建筑材料——用一种常见的、不可降解的废物——用过的一次性纸尿裤——代替建筑材料中的沙子。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及这一方法的可行性。【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.D8．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“DrivenbyadesiretosolveIndonesia’ssignificantpopulationgrowthanddemandforlow-costhousing,researcherslookedforawayofmaintainingthebenefitsofbuildingmaterialsbutmakingitmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandcheapertoproduce.(由于希望解决印度尼西亚人口的显著增长和对低成本住房的需求，研究人员寻找一种既能保持建筑材料的优点，又能使其更环保、生产成本更低的方法)”可知，用用过的纸尿裤代替沙子更环保，即其好处是可以降低碳足迹。故选A。9．【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Thisresearchhasconcludedthataddinguseddiaperstobuildingmaterialsdoesnotsignificantlyweakenitsstrength(这项研究得出的结论是，在建筑材料中添加用过的尿布不会显著削弱其强度)”可知，研究结论指出在建筑材料中添加用过的尿布不会显著削弱其强度，说明用尿布制造复合材料是实用和可行的。由此可知，划线词意思是“实用的”。故选C。10．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Indonesiaisrankedsixthgloballyfordisposablediaperusage.Manyuseddiapersarethrownawayinthecountry’sriversandwaterways,causingpollution.In2019,thetotalwasteinIndonesiawas29.21milliontons.Thisfigureroseto32.76milliontonsin2020.(印尼的一次性纸尿裤使用率在全球排名第六。许多用过的尿布被丢弃在河流和水道中，造成污染。2019年，印度尼西亚的废物总量为29。2100万吨。这个数字上升到32。到2020年将达到7600万吨)”可推知，作者写第4段的目的是提供背景信息。故选D。11．【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Findinglow-costsustainablebuildingmaterialsisimportantfortheenvironmentandinprovidingaccesstoaffordablehousing.Researchershavecreatedacomposite(复合的)buildingmaterialbyreplacingsandinbuildingmaterialswithacommon,non-degradable(不可降解的)wasteproduct:useddisposablediapers(一次性尿布).(寻找低成本的可持续建筑材料对环境和提供负担得起的住房非常重要。研究人员发明了一种复合建筑材料，用一种常见的、不可降解的废物——用过的一次性纸尿裤——代替建筑材料中的沙子)”结合文章主要说明了出于环保考虑，研究人员发明了一种复合建筑材料——用一种常见的、不可降解的废物——用过的一次性纸尿裤——代替建筑材料中的沙子。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及这一方法的可行性。由此可知，D选项“废弃的一次性尿布为未来的家庭奠定了基础”最符合文章标题。故选D。DWhenscientiststalkaboutrecentextinctions,birdsandmammals(哺乳动物)getmostoftheattention.Butthefirstglobalanalysisofitskindfindsitistwiceasmanyplantsthathavedisappearedasbirds,mammals,andamphibians(两栖动物)combined.Researchersreviewedpublishedresearch,internationaldatabases,andmuseumspecimenssuchasgrassesfromMadagascar,findingthat571plantsspecieshavegoneextinctinthepast250years.Onereasonwhythetotalishigherthanthatofthewell-studiedanimalsisthattherearesimplymorespeciesofplants.Lookingatpercentages,thesituationisworseformammalsandbirds.Anestimated5%ofthosespecieshavegoneextinct,comparedwith0.2%ofplants.ThelossincludestheChilesandalwoodtreeintheSouthPacific,whichwascutdownforitsfragrant(芳香的)wood.ItwaslastseenonRobinsonCrusoeIslandin1908.Theextinctionratesamongplantshavebeenhighestfortreesandshrubsonislands,whichoftenhavespeciesthatoccurnowhereelse,andinregionswithrichdiversity,especiallythetropicsandinMediterraneanclimates.Justafewyearslater,theworldlostthebandedTrinity(Thismiaamericana),aleaflessplantthatgrewentirelyundergroundexceptforitsflowers.Mostspeciesofthiskindofplantgrowinrainforests,butthisplantwasfirstdescribedin1912inasandywetlandinChicago,Illinois,andwaswipedoutbydevelopment.Accordingtotheteam’sreportinNatureEcology&Evolution,thetotalof571extinctplantspeciesisfourtimeshigherthantheofficiallistingkeptbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Evenso,itisprobablystillanunderestimate(低估),aslessisknownaboutthestatusofplantsinAfricaandSouthAmericathanonothercontinents.Manyofthesespeciesmaydisappear,too.Amajorreviewofthestatusofglobalbiodiversityrecentlyestimatedthatmorethanamillionspecies,including14%ofplantandanimaldiversity,arethreatenedwithextinction.12.WhatcausedtheextinctionoftheChilesandalwoodtree?A.Climatechange. B.Themarketdemand.C.Environmentalpollution. D.Thedeclineofthehabitat.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthebandedtrinity?A.Itfloweredwithoutbearingseeds.B.Itdisappearedduringthe19thcentury.C.Itwasafloweringplantwithoutleaves.D.Itwasarareplantgrowingunderground.14.Whatcanweinferabouttheplantspeciesfromthetext?A.Theircurrentsituationismoreworrying.B.Aboutoneplantspeciesdiesouteveryyear.C.Moreplantspecieswillkeepaliveinthereserve.D.Theywouldbereplacedbyothernewspeciessoon.15.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanwefindthetext?A.Sports. B.Nature. C.Entertainment. D.Figures.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明消失的植物数量是鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物总和的两倍。【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B12．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThelossincludestheChilesandalwoodtreeintheSouthPacific,whichwascutdownforitsfragrant(芳香的)wood.(损失的包括南太平洋的智利檀香树，因为其芳香的木材而被砍伐)”可知，智利檀香树是因为其芳香的木材而被砍伐。由此可知，市场需求导致了智利檀香树的灭绝。故选B。13．【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Justafewyearslater,theworldlostthebandedTrinity(Thismiaamericana),aleaflessplantthatgrewentirelyundergroundexceptforitsflowers.(仅仅几年后，世界上就失去了美洲水玉杯，这是一种除了花外完全生长在地下的无叶植物)”可推知，美洲水玉杯是一种没有叶子的开花植物。故选C。14．【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Accordingtotheteam’sreportinNatureEcology&Evolution,thetotalof571extinctplantspeciesisfourtimeshigherthantheofficiallistingkeptbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Evenso,itisprobablystillanunderestimate(低估),aslessisknownaboutthestatusofplantsinAfricaandSouthAmericathanonothercontinents.Manyofthesespeciesmaydisappear,too.Amajorreviewofthestatusofglobalbiodiversityrecentlyestimatedthatmorethanamillionspecies,including14%ofplantandanimaldiversity,arethreatenedwithextinction(根据该团队发表在《自然生态与进化》杂志上的报告，灭绝的植物物种总数为571种，是国际自然保护联盟官方名录的四倍。即便如此，这个数字可能还是被低估了，因为人们对非洲和南美洲植物状况的了解比其他大陆的要少。这些物种中的许多也可能会消失。最近对全球生物多样性状况的一项重大审查估计，超过100万种物种，包括14%的植物和动物多样性，面临灭绝的威胁)”可知，该团队认为因为人们对非洲和南美洲植物状况的了解比其他大陆的要少，所以灭绝的植物物种总数被低估了。由此推知，植物种类的现状是令人担忧的。故选A。15．【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Whenscientiststalkaboutrecentextinctions,birdsandmammals(哺乳动物)getmostoftheattention.Butthefirstglobalanalysisofitskindfindsitistwiceasmanyplantsthathavedisappearedasbirds,mammals,andamphibians(两栖动物)combined.(当科学家谈论最近的物种灭绝时，鸟类和哺乳动物得到了最多的关注。但是对这类植物的首次全球分析发现，消失的植物数量是鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物总和的两倍)”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章和自然相关。由此推知，我们可以在报纸的自然版上找到这篇文章。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AccordingtoanarticlepublishedrecentlyinthejournalPediatrics,upto50%ofkidsmaybedescribedaspickyeaters.____16____.Whatcanbedonetosolvepickyeating?Herearesometipsforparentsofpickyeaters.____17____Whenyourchildrenareshownawidevarietyoffoodflavorsandoptionsinashop,itcanopentheireyestonewtastestheymightenjoy.Similarly,ifyoulookthroughrecipebooksorwebsitestogetherandpickanewdishordesserttocreate,ithelpsmakeeatingdifferentfoodsafunadventure.AvoidforcingfoodsForcingkidstoeatfoodtheydon’tlikecanmakethemdoubttheirownbodysignalsofhunger,especiallywhenthey’retoddlers(学步的儿童).____18____.Instead,allowthemtoeatfoodtheylikeuntilthey’refull,evenifthatmeanssomevegetablesareleftontheplate.Thishelpsthemensurethateatingfooddoesn’tbecomeassociatedwithstressandanxiety.Havemealsasafamily____19____.Tryyourbesttocookthesamemealforthewholefamilyatthetableandincludeatleastonefoodineachmealthatyourpickyeaterenjoys.Thechildmaynoteatallofit,butit’simportantthatyoupresentit,andthatyousetanexampleoftryingthesefoodsyourself.TakefoodrejectioncalmlyTeachingyourchildthatunwantedfoodisstillsafefoodisimportant.____20____.Whenyourpickyeaterseesotherfamilymembersenjoyingit,they’remorelikelytounderstandthatit’ssafetoeat.Inshort,achildmaytryafoodbetween10and20times,onaverage,beforetheylikeit.Thismeanswhataparentcandowithachoosyeateristobeconsistentandnotgiveup.A.ShopandcooktogetherB.HavefunwithdifferentfoodflavorsC.ExpressyouropiniononpickyeatingD.PickyeatingisoneofthemostcommoncomplaintsofparentsE.ItcanalsocauseyourchildtodistrusttheirowndesireforfoodF.EatingtogetherhelpscreateapositiveatmospherearoundfoodG.Onewaytodoitistoteachyourchildtoofferittoothersatthetable【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给挑食孩子的父母一些建议。【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.F20.G16．【解析】由上文“AccordingtoanarticlepublishedrecentlyinthejournalPediatrics,upto50%ofkidsmaybedescribedaspickyeaters.(根据最近发表在《儿科学》杂志上的一篇文章，多达50%的孩子可能被描述为挑食者)”可知，这里主要讲很多孩子挑食，D项Pickyeatingisoneofthemostcommoncomplaintsofparents(挑食是父母最常见的抱怨之一)符合语境，其中Pickyeating和上文pickyeaters对应，有承上作用。故选D项。17．【解析】由下文“Whenyourchildrenareshownawidevarietyoffoodflavorsandoptionsinashop,itcanopentheireyestonewtastestheymightenjoy.Similarly,ifyoulookthroughrecipebooksorwebsitestogetherandpickanewdishordesserttocreate,ithelpsmakeeatingdifferentfoodsafunadventure.(当你的孩子在商店里看到各种各样的食物口味和选择时，这可以让他们看到他们可能喜欢的新口味。同样，如果你一起浏览食谱或网站，选择一道新菜或甜点来制作，这有助于让吃不同的食物成为一次有趣的冒险)”可知，这里主要讲通过一起购物和学习烹饪来解决孩子挑食的问题。A项Shopandcooktogether(一起购物和烹饪)可作为本段小标题，其中Shop和下文inashop，以及cook和下文pickanewdishordesserttocreate对应，本句对下文有总括作用。故选A项。18．【解析】由上文“Forcingkidstoeatfoodtheydon’tlikecanmakethemdoubttheirownbodysignalsofhunger,especiallywhenthey’retoddlers(学步的儿童).(强迫孩子吃他们不喜欢的食物会让他们怀疑自己身体的饥饿信号，尤其是在他们蹒跚学步的时候)”可知，这里主要讲强迫孩子吃东西的坏处。E项Itcanalsocauseyourchildtodistrusttheirowndesireforfood(它也会导致你的孩子不信任自己对食物的渴望)符合语境，其中It指代上文Forcingkidstoeatfoodtheydon’tlike，有承上作用。故选E项。19．【解析】由下文“Tryyourbesttocookthesamemealforthewholefamilyatthetableandincludeatleastonefoodineachmealthatyourpickyeaterenjoys.Thechildmaynoteatallofit,butit’simportantthatyoupresentit,andthatyousetanexampleoftryingthesefoodsyourself.(尽你所能为全家人在餐桌上做同一顿饭，每顿饭中至少包含一种挑食者喜欢的食物。孩子可能不会全部吃，但重要的是你要把它呈现出来，并树立自己尝试这些食物的榜样)”可知，这里讲一家人一起吃饭的好处。F项Eatingtogetherhelpscreateapositiveatmospherearoundfood(一起吃饭有助于在食物周围营造积极的氛围)符合语境，其中Eatingtogether与下文cookthesamemealforthewholefamilyatthetable对应，有启下作用。故选F项。20．【解析】由下文“Whenyourpickyeaterseesotherfamilymembersenjoyingit,they’remorelikelytounderstandthatit’ssafetoeat.(当你挑食的孩子看到其他家庭成员喜欢它时，他们更有可能理解它是安全的)”可知，这里主要讲挑食者会吃其他成员吃的食物。G项Onewaytodoitistoteachyourchildtoofferittoothersatthetable(一种方法是教你的孩子把它提供给餐桌上的其他人)符合语境，其中others与下文otherfamilymembers对应。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Beingnamedthevaledictorian(致告别辞的最优生)wouldbeamassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler.Afterall,it’s____21____giventothestudentwiththehighest____22____intheirclass.Foryears,MartinFolsomandhismotherhavebeenhomeless.Whiletheyhada____23____overtheirheadoccasionally,theyspentmostoftheirtimebeinghomeless.Whentheystayedina____24____,itwasusuallycrowdedandnoisy.Forsomeoneinhighschoolwhoneedsto____25____,theshelterisnotaperfectenvironment.Despitebeinginandoutofhomelessnessthroughouthighschool,Martinwasdeterminedto____26____.ButthisFloridianteendidmuchmorethanthat.Bystaying____27____,Martingraduatedfromhighschool.Hewasalso____28____thevaledictorianofhisclass.Especiallygivenhis____29____,that’squiteanaccomplishment.Whenaskedhowhe_____30_____,Martinsaid,“It_____31_____gavemeashockinmychestalittlebit,butitwasagoodfeeling.Itmeansalotanditgivesmea_____32_____thatallI’vedoneandallIhaveaccomplishedwasworthit.”Allkidswhothinktheycan’t_____33_____thechallengeshouldpayattentiontoMartinFolsom’sstory.Hehadnothing,butthatdidn’tswayhimfromdoingwhatheneededtodo.He’satrue_____34_____.Martindeservestobepraisedforhis_____35_____accomplishment.21.A.peacefully B.typically C.anxiously D.gradually22.A.debt B.voice C.ranking D.warrior23.A.roof B.title C.hat D.door24.A.family B.park C.church D.shelter25.A.pretend B.study C.live D.integrate26.A.graduate B.leave C.wait D.cease27.A.calm B.powerful C.devoted D.energetic28.A.taken B.told C.called D.named29.A.impression B.situation C.credit D.pressure30.A.felt B.did C.went D.came31.A.afterall B.aswell C.kindof D.orrather32.A.moral B.feature C.doubt D.sense33.A.forget B.beat C.find D.trust34.A.inspiration B.fan C.youth D.dreamer35.A.passive B.absolute C.amazing D.ordinary【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述常年流离失所的马丁成为班上致告别辞的最优生的励志故事。【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C21．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，它通常是给班上排名最高的学生的。A.peacefully平和地；B.typically通常；C.anxiously焦急地；D.gradually逐步地。由上文“amassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler”可知，这是一个很高的荣誉，所以“通常”给优秀的学生。故选B项。22．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，它通常是给班上排名最高的学生的。A.debt债务；B.voice声音；C.ranking排名；D.warrior战士。由上文“amassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler”可知，这是一个很高的荣誉，所以会给班上“排名”最高的学生。故选C项。23．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们偶尔会有栖身之所，但他们大部分时间都无家可归。A.roof屋顶；B.title标题；C.hat帽子；D.door门。由下文“spentmostoftheirtimebeinghomeless”可知，他们偶尔有“栖身之所”，但大多数情况无家可归。havearoofoverone’shead表“有栖身之所”，符合语境。故选A项。24．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们住在避难所时，那里通常又拥挤又嘈杂。A.family家庭；B.park公园；C.church教堂；D.shelter避难所。由下文“theshelterisnotaperfectenvironment”可知，这里应该指“避难所”。故选D项。25．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于需要学习的高中生来说，避难所并不是一个完美的环境。A.pretend假装；B.study学习；C.live生活；D.integrate整合。由上文“inhighschool”可推知，这里指在马丁还是一个高中生，还需要“学习”。故选B项。26．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管在整个高中期间无家可归中徘徊，马丁还是决心毕业。A.graduate毕业；B.leave离开；C.wait等待；D.cease停止。由下文“Martingraduatedfromhighschool”可知，这里指马丁决心读完高中，从高中“毕业”。故选A项。27．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于专心致志，马丁高中毕业了。A.calm冷静的；B.powerful强大的；C.devoted专心致志的；D.energetic精力充沛的。由上文“ButthisFloridianteendidmuchmorethanthat”可推知，马丁不仅只是希望毕业，而是更加“专心致志的”学习。故选C项。28．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还被确定为班上的致告别辞的最优生。A.taken取；B.told告诉；C.called称为；D.named命名，确定。由上文“Beingnamedthevaledictorian(致告别辞的最优生)wouldbeamassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler.”可知，这里指马丁被“确定”为班上的致告别辞的最优生。故选D项。29．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：特别是考虑到他的处境，这是一个相当大的成就。A.impression印象；B.situation情况，处境；C.credit信用；D.pressure压力。由上文“Foryears,MartinFolsomandhismotherhavebeenhomeless.”可知，在这样流离失所的“处境”中，马丁能取得这样的成就的确不容易。故选B项。30．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及感觉如何时，马丁说：“这让我心里有点震惊，但感觉很好。”A.felt感觉；B.did做；C.went去；D.came来。由下文“gavemeashockinmychestalittlebit”可知，这里应是在问马丁的“感觉”。故选A项。31．【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：当被问及感觉如何时，马丁说：“这让我心里有点震惊，但感觉很好。”A.afterall毕竟；B.aswell也；C.kindof有点，稍微；D.orrather说得更正确点。由下文“gavemeashockinmychestalittlebit”以及语境可知，这里表示被确定为班上的致告别辞的最优生让马丁“稍微”感到吃惊。故选C项。32．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着很多，让我感觉我所做的和所取得的一切都是值得的。A.moral道德准则；B.feature特征；C.doubt怀疑；D.sense感觉。由下文“allI’vedoneandallIhaveaccomplishedwasworthit”可知，这次被确定为班上的致告别辞的最优生给马丁一种成就“感”，让他认为他所做的和所取得的一切都是值得的。故选D项。33．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有认为自己无法打败挑战的孩子都应该关注马丁·福尔索姆的故事。A.forget忘记；B.beat打败；C.find找到；D.trust相信。由下文“thechallenge”以及语境可知，作者这里建议不能“打败”挑战的孩子可以学马丁。故选B项。34．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他真是个鼓舞人心的人。A.inspiration鼓舞人心的人；B.fan粉丝；C.youth青年；D.dreamer梦想家。由上文“shouldpayattentiontoMartinFolsom’sstory”可知，马丁是一个对其他孩子们来说是“鼓舞人心的人”。故选A项。35．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马丁的惊人成就值得赞扬。A.passive被动的；B.absolute绝对的；C.amazing惊人的；D.ordinary普通的。由上文“Beingnamedthevaledictorian(致告别辞的最优生)wouldbeamassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler.”可知，马丁的成就是“惊人的”。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AChinesefoodandculturefestivalwonNewYorkers’heartsand____36____(stomach)onJune24withitsd