2022年浙江高考英语一轮复习阅读理解（四）（含解析）

阅读理解专练（四）

（限时30分钟）

A

FromthecoldArctictotheAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohave

someformofmusicaspartoftheirculture.Musicissocommonand

widespreadthatmostpeopledon'tevenquestionitanymore.Butuntil

recently,therewereresearcherswhodoubtedit:Howcouldweknowthat

musicwasreallyapartofallknownsocieties?

Now,Harvardresearchers,SamuerMehrandManvirSingh,have

foundfurtherevidencetosupporttheargument.Theygatheredmusic

fromdifferentcountries,mediaandtimeperiods,andcollected

descriptionsofmanydifferentpiecesofmusic.Ratherthanfocusingon

musicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedby

studyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundred

knownglobalsocieties,andfoundthatallofthemhavemusicaspartof

theirculture.

Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognizethefunctionsofsongsfromaround

theworld,theresearchersalsocreatedalisteningexperimentinwhich

peopletriedtoguessthebehavioralcontextofasong.Thiswent

surprisinglywell.Particularlymusicthatwasintendedfordancingorto

calmababywaseasytorecognizeaseitherdancemusicorlullabies.Love

songswereabitmoredifficulttoqualify,becausetheytendtobevery

diverseevenwithincultures.

Thissystematicstudyofconnectionssoundslikethewaythat

researchersinotherfieldswouldstudybiologicalpatterns.zzThere'safield

knownasculturalphylogenetics,"saysSingh.Whereasbiological

characteristicsareonlyreceivedfromparenttochild,cultural

characteristics(likemusic)arealsosharedbetweenpeopleofthesame

generation.Thatmakesitmuchmoredifficulttofigureoutwherethe

characteristichascomefrom.

“Finally,"Singhsays,“Westilldon'tknowwhymusicdeveloped

gradually.Ourstudyshowsthathumanseverywheresharecognitive

mechanisms(认知机制)thatmakecertainsoundsseemappropriatein

particularcontexts."

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，介绍世界各地的音乐拥有的共同特点,

同时成为各种文化不可或缺的组成部分。

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph1referto?

A.Thefactthatmusicispartofeveryculture.

B.Thequestionwhethermusiciswidelyspread.

C.Thedoubtwhetherfurtherresearchhasbeendone.

D.TheideathatAfricaandtheArctichavecoolmusic.

【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句"FromthecoldArcticto

theAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohavesomeformofmusicaspart

oftheirculture.”可知，每个社会群体似乎都把某种音乐形式当作他们

自己文化的一个部分，由此推断代词it指代音乐是每种文化的一部分

这一事实。

2.WhatdidMehrandSinghdofirst?

A.Theyfoundoutfurtherevidence.

B.Theystudiedvarioussocieties.

C.Theysoughttheoriginsofmusic.

D.Theyfocusedmainlyonmusic.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句"Ratherthanfocusingon

musicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedby

studyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundred

knownglobalsocieties”可知，Mehr和Singh首先做的事情是研究全球三

百多个已知社会群体的详细描述的记录。

3.What'sthepurposeofthelisteningexperiment?

A.Tocomfortababy.

B.Topickoutlovesongs.

C.Tocreateacontext.

D.Totellfunctionsofsongs.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段"Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognize

thefunctionsofsongsfromaroundtheworld,theresearchersalsocreated

alisteningexperimentinwhich.可知，听乐辨析实验的目的是看人们

能否对世界各地的音乐功能加以辨别。

B

Everyyear,thousandsofnewhighschoolgraduatespacktheirbags,

movetonewcities,andsignpapersacceptingloans,themoneyborrowed

fromabankorlendersetc.,whichtheymightnotbeabletopayback.

Withoutpropereducationonpersonalfinance,especiallyasitrelatesto

payingforcollege,youngadultsareguidedintoimproperloanplansthat

resultinyearsofdebtaftergraduation.Inordertosetstudentsupto

succeedfinancially,itisimportanttoeducatestudentsandparentson

theirfinancialoptionsbeforeschoolinthefall.Thebestwaytosupport

familiesheadingforcollegeistorequirethateveryhighschoolstudent

takeapersonalfinanceclassbeforegraduation.Thiswillhelpsmooththe

transitionintoadulthood.

Theaveragestudenttakesoutatleastoneloantocoverthecostsof

theireducationeachyear.In2014theaveragestudentgraduatingfrom

collegecarriedanegativebalanceofabout$20,000indebt,whichoften

spreadovermultiplelenders.Upongraduation,studentsrarelyknow

exactlyhowmuchmoneytheyowe,andeventhoughtheyareinthestate

ofbeingunabletopaytheirdebts,theycannotwipeoutstudentloans.

Thesestudentsspendmuchoftheiradultlivespayingoffthegradual

increasingdebts.

Apersonalfinancecoursewouldteachstudentshowtomanagetheir

incomeandexpenses,whilehelpingtosignificantlyreducetheamountof

debtstudentscarryintoadulthood.Byteachingstudentshowtosave

moneyandlivewithintheirmeans,thiscoursewillprovidethenext

generationwithafoundationtoprogressfinancially.Studentschoosingto

getajobstraightoutofhighschoolwouldalsobenefitfromfinance

educationfortheseveryreasons.Witheducationonhowtomanagetheir

finances,allyoungpeoplewillhavetheknowledgetomakehealthy

decisions,leadingthemtoimprovegoodcreditandpurchaseneeded

itemslikecarsandhomeswithskillandconfidence.

Whilenoteveryyoungpersonmakesfinancialmistakes,thosewho

docanfaceyearsofdifficultytryingtogettheirfinancesbackunder

control.Ratherthanhelpthemthroughthesehardtimeswhenthey

happen,weshouldtrytopreventthemfromhappeningatall.Makingthe

completionofpersonalfinancecourseworkarequirementforgraduation

wouldensurethatyoungpeopleareatleastawareofthebasicsof

preservingafinancialstability.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种理财课程，教学生怎

么合理地管理自己的钱财，避免陷入债务危机。

4.Aftergraduationfromcollege,manyyoungpeople.

A.spendyearspayingofftheirdebts

B.struggletosupporttheirfamilies

C.getthroughthehardtimessmoothly

D.areabletomanagetheirownfinanceswell

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的"...youngadultsare

guidedintoimproperloanplansthatresultinyearsofdebtafter

graduation”可知，很多年轻人花很多年偿还债务。故选A项。

5.Havingfinancialknowledge,highschoolstudentsareprobablyableto

A.smooththeirwayforcollege

B.getoutoftheirfinancialtrap

C.avoidtheriskofthefuturefinancialtrouble

D.freefromthecostoftheircollegeeducation

【解析】选Co细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的"Makingthe

completionofpersonalfinancecourseworkarequirementforgraduation

wouldensurethatyoungpeopleareatleastawareofthebasicsof

preservingafinancialstability."可知，有了理财知识，年轻人至少能了

解保持经济稳定的基本知识，也就是可以避免陷入经济困境。故选C

项。

6.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

A.informandexplain

B.argueandpersuade

C.analyzeandevaluate

D.discussandexamine

【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章首先指出大学生会欠下很多债务，以

至于在毕业多年后仍然忙于偿还债务，然后劝说这些学生参加理财课

程，因为该课程能帮助他们更好地管理自己的钱，学会节约和合理使

用钱。故选B项。

C

Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckanda

bottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.Thefatmansatonthe

terrace（平台），sippinglemonadeandpretendingtolookatatourism

brochure.Hissunglassesmaskedhiseyes,butIknewhewasn,tlooking

atthebrochure:hehadn'tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.AsI

broughthimhisdishes,hecoughedupa“thankyou“andlookedatme

briefly.Itriednottostareatthetinyscaracrosshislefteyebrow.

Iwalkedbackinsidewithmyemptytray,shakingmyhead.He

lookedfamiliar,butIcouldn'tquiteplacehim.Thenithitme.Thecar

accident.Themysteriousstrangerwhohelpedmeoutofmycrashedcar,

justbeforeitexploded.Irushedbacktohistable.Hewasgone.

Imovedhissaucerandfoundhistip,alongwithacard:Iamdeeply

gratefultoyou.Thenightofyourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytoroba

jewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinarightway.Inowlive

anhonestlife,thankstoyou.Godblessyou!MrD.

Ishivered（震颤）.Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforan

interviewinanillegaldanceclub.Seeinghumankindnessthroughhis

heroicgestureturnedmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.I

unfoldedthetipheleft.Amongthesingleswasagrand(一千美元)witha

penmarkunderlining“InGodWeTrust."Isaidasilentprayerforhimand

gotbacktowork,smiling.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救

了作者的命，从此改变了双方的生活。这个要抢劫的人恢复正常的生活,

让作者看到了人性的善良，重拾生活的信心。后来两人在作者工作的地

方重遇，他给作者留下小费和卡片以感谢作者，作者也为他祈祷。

7.Whydidthefatmanlooklikeatourist?

A.Becauseheusedmoneynotthesameasthelocals.

B.Becausehecarriedwhattouristsusuallyhaveon.

C.Becausehedoesn'tlooklikeanativecitizen.

D.Becauseheorderedstrangefoodanddrinks.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段"Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,

withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamsticking

outofhisbag."可知，胖子带着旅客常带的东西，故选B。

【规律方法】细节理解题的正确选项的特点

⑴一般可以在文章中找到直接或间接的答案，但不可能与阅读材料一

模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型去表达相同的意思。例如，原文用双

重否定，选项用肯定句式；进行同义词替换或句子结构的替换或句子

结构变换；原文与选项互换反义词等。当然这只是形式上的变换，意思

还是一致。

(2)在因果关系上常常命题，正确项多为产生原因或是主要原因，也有

少量考结果的。

Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckanda

bottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.句子中前为果后为因。

故可知答案。

8.Howdidthewriterknowthemandidn,treadthebrochure?

A.Hewasdrinkingallthetime.

B.Hesatstillwithhissunglasses.

C.Thepageremainedunturned.

D.Hew