2019-2020年高考英语 短文改错与完型填空解题指导复习教案9

2019-2020年高考英语短文改错与完型填空解题指导复习教案9

知识总结与归纳，

短文改错解题指导，

首先要理解整个短文的含义，逻辑关系，篇章结构。在仔细研究每一句的意义。借助

划分句子成分的方法判断每一部分是否有错误。读句子时一定以整句为单位。

在研究每一行的句子时，首先把握句子的意思,然后划分句子的成分，主语，谓语部

分，宾语，状语，地点，时间，方式等。如果句子是并列句或复合句，先分开各部分小的

分句，根据各个分句之间的关系判断使用的连词是否正确。然后再研究各个分句的

成分。，一，名词使用错误，名词一般在句中做主语或宾语，名词的错误主要在于名词

单，复数的错误使用。

1.Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,Chinese,Englishand

physics..subject是可数名词根据本句的意思，前面有quiteafew修饰,应当改

为复数形式。2.Wepractisethreetimeseveryweekandoftenwatch

footballmatchonTVtogether.,根据本句的意思match在此应当改为复数形

式。

3.OnthewayupIwastakingpicturesincethescenerywasso

beautiful.picture应当改成复数形式，因为作者一路上忙于照相，不止仅照一张

像。

另外还要注意名词所有格形式上的错误使用。

，二，动词的语法错误，

,1,作为谓语动词，注意谓语动词在时态，语态，与主语是否一致以及用词方面的问

题。1.Myfavouritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourschool

team.,全句的基本时态应当是现在时,was应改为am

2.Playingfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbut

alsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.,主谓一致的错误。Give

的主语是Playingfootball,动名词作主语是单数形式，应改为,gives

3....thescenerywassobeautiful.Thetimepassesquickly.Evening

camedown.,时态错误。全句是过去时态,passes改为passed

4.Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemples

andtoldstories.,动词形式的错误。句中有三个连续的动作做谓语。因此visit

不是伴随状语，是第二个谓语动词，应该为visited.

,2,作为非谓语动词，现在分词，过去分词,动名词，不定式形式的使用错误，同时注意非

谓语动词在平行结构中出现的错误。

1.Notfarfromthehotel,therewasashopwithallkindsofclothes

hangup.,hangup在此做定语修饰先行词clothes,应改为现在分词形式表示挂

着各种衣服。2.Hehadworkedonfarmsandinshopswherehespent

hissparetimestudiedbyhimself.,定语从句是说，他把业余时间花在学习上，

按句型结构,spendsometimedoing

something.所以studied应改为,studying.

，三，形容词，副词使用错误，注意L形容词和副词的比较级，原级，最高级使用方面的

问题，2,修饰比较级的副词的错误使用。3,以ing和以ed结尾的形容词的混用。4,

形容词和副词的混用。

1.I,msurewe'IIhaveawonderfullytimetogether.,形容词与副词混

用。haveawonderfultime,过得非常愉快。Wonderfully改为,wonderful

2.Peoplewillworkfewhoursthantheydonow.，这是一个含比较级的句

子。，句中有than,,few改为比较级形式fewer

3.puterswillbemoresmalleranduseful….，比较级smaller前面的修饰词

应该是副词much。More与多音节形容词或副词原形构成比较级。More改为

much

4.Lastweek,Iwenttoamovie,whichwasverymoved.形容词moved

指人受到感动。本句的定语从句的主语是movie.应当是moving.

，四，连词使用错误，并列句连词and与but的误用是历年高考题中常考的内容。复

合句如宾语从句，状语从句，定语从句中主,从句的连接词的误用根据主从句的关系可

以发现。

1.MyclasswillbeoverbythenorIwillpickyouupthere.z

前后两句的关系是并列关系or应改为,and

2.Mygrandmawasthebestcookintheworldbutcouldmakethe

mostdeliciousdishes.

前后两句是并列关系不具有转折意义but改为,and

3.ItdoesnztmatterthatIwouldwinornot.Matter后面的从句是

whether...ornot结构。That改为,whether

，五，代词的错误使用，代词的使用错误主要出现在代词，物主代词，人称代词,反身代

词，

在句中指代错误，做代词与指代的名词在数，性别，以及格上的不一致。例题，

1.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.

句子的主语theSmiths指Smith全家，是复数形式，谓语doone'sbest中的

one's作为物主代词应当和主语一致,his应当改为their.

2.AtonceIapologizedandcontrolledmeatmybesttillthedinner

started.

根据句子意思，我立刻道歉并且尽最大努力控制了自己。Control后面的宾语与主语

一致，

指同一个人，应改为反身代词myself.

3.Therewillbemorepeopleintheworldandmostofwhomwill

livelongerthanpeoplelivenow.

本句是and连接的并列句,whom连接的是定语从句。所以whom应当改为

them.

4.Thesportteachesustheimportanceofobedience.Eachplayer

mustobeythe

mustnotbreaktherulestoooftencaptain,whoistheleaderofthe

team.Andtheyifwewanttowinthegame.

全句是以第一人称叙述的。所以they根据语境应改为we

，六，冠词的使用错误，冠词的使用错误主要表现在,the/a/an之间的误用，缺少

冠词，

多余冠词，这些错误通过对句义的理解，特别是句中名词的意义，运用所学的冠词的

基础知

识就可以发现并正确改正这些错误。

1.Aseveryoneknows,it's?famousmountainwithallkindsof

plantsandanimals.

根据句义，这是一座名山。明显地发现这里缺少了表示，一个'的不定冠词。应在

famous前加］上a

2.Theyhadthewonderfuleveningandcamehomequitelate.

根据句义，他们过了一个非常愉快的夜晚。过得很愉快,haveagood/wonderfuI

time.

The应改为,a

3.Hewroteamessageandputitinthebottle.Themessagegavehi

nameandaddress

根据全句的语境，他把这个纸条放进一个瓶子里。此处bottle是泛指。The应改

为,a4.afterIputdownthereceiver,thephonerangthethirdtime.

根据句义，根据句义,电话又一次响起来。这里不是说，第三次'，而是指，再一次、。

The改为,a

，七，用词不当的错误,这种问题主要集中在谓语动词的近义词的选择使用上。LI

havearrivedinAmericafortwomonths.

根据句义，我到美国有两个月了。Arrive是非延续性动词，不能在完成时中与for时

间短语连用。应改为,been

，八，单词遗漏,根据句子意思，句中常缺少冠词,连词或介词。

1.Itwasaboutnoon?wearrivedatthefootofthemountain.

Itwasaboutnoon是全句的主句，后面应是一个时间状语从句。表示，当我们到达

山脚下时，已经是中午了。此处缺少了连词when

2.Ifitdoesn'twork,bringin?friendthatyoufeelfortable?,and

havehim

orhelpyou.

根据句义，如果这还不奏效，那么带一个你与之在一起感到舒服的朋友来,friend前面

缺少表示，一个'的冠词,a,定语从句最后应加上介词,with

，九，句中有多余的单词,根据句义和语法规则，常常有冠词，介词，连词，副词甚至代词

多余的错误。

1.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldeandvisitussometimesoon.

本句前面已经有both,后面再出现two显然多余,应去掉two.

2.Youmighthavetochangeforyourmethodacoupleoftimes.

Change在此是及物动词,表示，改变方法'，所以去掉for

3.WhenIwasaboy,themostexcitingthingwaswhentocelebrate

theSpringFestival.

全句是说，最令人兴奋的事是欢渡春节了。When放在这里,句子显得不通顺了。应

去掉

when

4.Thefine-furniturestore?Iworkhasbeeninbusinesssincethe

1920s.,Iwork

是定语从句修饰先行词Thefine-furniturestore,Thefine-furniturestore

在从句中做

地点状语,应加关系副词where.

完型填空解题指导

同学们做题时应先快速通读全文，了解文章的大意，使自己进入到文章的语境情节中

去,

然后结合每一组备选答案，通过句义运用词汇知识，上下文逻辑，以及相关的语法知识,

短

语知识选择答案,同时学会从文中找复现词的提示。做完以后，再通读全文，验证所选

的答

案是否能使文章的意思通畅，符合逻辑。

-,学会利用前后文的复现词找答案，有时某一个空的答案在全文之后的某处根据

句子意

思再次出现，正好提供了此处的答案。词汇复现的方式主要有，原词复现，进义词复

现，反

义词复现，同源词复现等。

1.Forcingyourselftorecallalmostneverhelpsbecauseitdoesn't

__yourmemory;

itonlytightensit.

A.loosenB.weakenC.decreaseD.reduce

分析，前后两句互为解释，一个是肯定，一个是否定。为反义词复现。从下文的

tightens

可以判断上文应该是,loosen。答案为,A

2.Onedayhetoldhishorsemanthatifhecouldrideonhishorse

and_asmuch

landareaashelike,hewouldgivehimtheareaoflandhehad

covered.

A.removeB.coverC.sowD.get

分析，国王答应骑手可以得到他骑马能跑到的地方。与前面说的让骑手尽可能多得

跑到

他能跑到的地方。最后的cover提示了这个空的答案。

，二，上下文的逻辑关系，要求学生在作题时一定紧扣文章的情节，使答案能符合上下

文的

情景，保持上下文意思的通顺。

1.Sometimes,whenyouneedrain,youdon'tgetany.Othertimes,

yougetrain

whenyoudon'twantit.Takeabaseballgameforexample.A

suddenrainstormcan

stopanexcitinggame,forcingtheplayersandthe20,000persons

watchingthegametorunfor.

A.coverB.umbrellaC.buildingD.home

分析，作者以棒球比赛为例说明了下雨对人们生活的影响。一场突然降临的暴雨迫

使队

员和2万名观众跑去，做什么,。在体育场的人不可能跑去拿，雨伞,或，回家'，去找,

建

筑物,也不太可能。cover,遮蔽,遮盖。在此引申为避雨的地方。所以答案为A

2.Travelingwest,yousetyourclock__;travelingeast,yousetit

ahead.

B.forwardC.A.behind

backD.ahead

分析，这是一个时差方面的常识，与下文的ahead对应,向西旅行，应把表往回拨。

答

案,C

3....Pacohasdiscoveredthatpeopleactinpredictablewayswhen

theyareshopping.

Successfulshopsadaptthemselvestothesehabits.Forexample,

peopletendto_1一

totherightwhentheyenterabuilding.Thatiswhymanyshops

havetheirentrance

onthe_2_.Alsowhentheyentershops,peoplewhospeedupneed

spaceto_3―down.Thatiswhythereisoftenazn,__4_space

justinsideashopdoorgivingpeople

a5_tomakethemselvesathome.

1.A.leadB.stickC.turnD.join

2.A.rightB.leftC.sideD.way

3.A.slowB.goC.lookD.put

4.A.emptyB.usefulC.standingD.living

5.A.lessonB.spiritC.pictureD.chance

分析，这一段讲述了商场根据人们购物的习惯而设置的入口处的布局。

1.考查了词语的搭配,人们倾向于向右转,turntotheright,答案为,C

2.考查上下文的逻辑理解，上文说人们习惯向右转，所以入口设计在左边,答案,B

3.考查上下文的逻辑理解，当人们匆匆进了商场，需要有一个空间来放慢速度。此

空与前

面的speedup想对应。答案为A

4.基于上文描述的人们的习惯一进了商场以后需要放慢速度。商场入口处常常有一

个空间。答案,A

5.接前面，这个空间给了人们一个机会,是他们有一种到家的感觉。这是在考查词义

的辨

析,答案,D

，三，词义辨析突破，要求学生在掌握提问中心，明确上下文关系的前提下，能够区分词

义

在不同语境中的区别，程度的深浅，词义的外延以及感情色彩的不同。要注意准确，全

方位

的掌握单词的词义。例题分析，

1.Musichasmeaningforeveryone.Itisenjoyedbytheoldandthe

youngmenandwomen.Itcanmakepeoplehappyandsad.Inour

modernworld,radiosandtelevision__uswithaconstantflowsof

music,givingusenjoyment.Eitherinamusiclessonorataconcert,

musicmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Musicbelongsto

thewholeworld.

A.giveB.

surpriseC.offerD.

supply

分析，这一段主要说音乐影响着所有男女老幼，它能给人们带来快乐或悲伤。Give的

用

法是givesb.sth.后面不需要介词with;surprise词义本身不符合本句的需

要,offer的

用法与give一样。而supply的用法是supplysomebodywithsomething.

符合本句的意思和

结构。答案为D

2.Thenews__twentyminuteslater.Thegunmanhadstoppedacar

foraride,andthenpushedoutthedriver.Hewaspossiblyheading

fortheSouthernStateParkwayinawhiteFord.LicensePlate

numberLJR1939.Thevoiceoftheannouncercontinued...

A.continuedB.lastedC.

spreadD.arrived

分析，上文提到Todd听到了抢劫银行的消息。此段接上文描写了Todd听到消息

的后续

内容。所以，一开始说,二十分钟以后，消息又继续播出。spread,传播，arrived,到

达，

它们都不符合本句的意思。Last,持续,指会议等活动或事件自始至终用了多长时

间。也不

符合本句意思。只有continued,继续。为正确答案。

【模拟试题】

第一节，单项填空，共15小题,每小题1分，满分15分，

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.Ifyouwanttoknowthetrainschedule,pleaseatthebooking

office.

A.acquireB.

inquireC.

requestD.require

2.—HaveyouheardthatSadamHusseinhasbeenhanged?

—Yes,newscameasshocktome.

A.the;aB.the;theC.a;

aD.a;the

3.—Howlongdoyouthinkit'IIbe___Icangobacktoschool?

一Well,you1IIbefeelingmuchbetterbynextweekend.

A.thatB.beforeC.

sinceD.when

4.Mylaptopputer,whichnoonecan___,hasbeenoutoforder

foraweek.

A.getgoneB.haveto

goC.getgoingD.havegone5.Mr.BlackleftforBeijingthis

morning,hissecretary___himtherethisFriday.

A.wouldjoinB.joinedC.

joiningD.tojoin

6.Therecanbe___placesforarefreshingholidaythanDisney

World.

A.fewbetterB.fewergoodC.few

goodD.fewerbetter

7.—Heshouldhavebeenwarnedofthedanger.

一，buthewouldn1tlistentome.

A.SohewasB.SowasheC.

SoshouldheD.Soheshould

8.—OurChineseathleteswon165goldmedalsinthe15thAsian

GamesinDoha.

—Sotheydid.Allpaperstodaythenewsonthefrontpage.

A.carriedB.deliveredC.heldD.existed

9.Inthiscountryitisrequiredthatanyonewhorecentlye

here

thiskindoftest.

A.has;passesB.has;passedC.have;passD.has;pass

10.—ItissaidthatJackisveryrichandisalwayschanginghis

privatecars.

Whatishe?

一，Iamnotsure.

A.SomebodyofamanagerB.Somethingofamanager

D.AnythingofamanagerC.Anyoneofamanager

11.—DoyouknowwhyAnnisill?

—Yes,she___moreworkthanshecancopewith.

A.takesoutB.takesdownC.takesonD.takesin

12.Idon'tlikethenoiseofthesejetaircraft,butVvelearnedto

it.

A.standwithB.staywithC.

D.workwithlivewith

13.一Ireallyshouldbeonmyway.

一Oh,notyet!Atleasthaveonecupofcoffeefortheroad.

—No.

A.Iknowthe

roadB.I

havetoleaveearly

C.Idon'twantany

moreD.Thanks

allthesame

14.Chineseareverygenerouswhenitestotheirchildren.

______about

themoney,parentsoftensendtheirchildrentothebestschoolsor

evenabroad

A.educating;Not

caringB.educate;

Don*tcare

C.educate;Not

caredC.educating;

Nevercare

15.Itisfewpeople,haveetoaskfortheposition,fit

forthe

job.

A.who;whodoIthinkisB.that;Ithinkis

that;whoIthinkareD.who;C.

thatIthinkare

第二节完型填空，共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分，

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选

出

最佳选项。

Itwasthenightbeforethepositionwasdue.AsIlookedatthelist

oftopics,

,TheArtofEatingSpaghetti，意大利面条，'caughtmyeyes.The

word,spaghetti'

broughtbackthe__16__ofaneveningatUncleAllen*sin

Belleville__17_all

ofuswereseatedaroundthetableandAuntPat18_spaghetti

forsupper.Spaghettiwasanexotic，外来的,treatin__19__days.

NeverIeatenspaghetti,and_20__

ofthegrown-upshadenoughexperiencetobe21_it.What

laughing__22_wehad

aboutthe_23―respectablemethodformovingspaghettifrom

platetomouth..__24_,

Iwantedtowriteaboutthat,butIwantedto__25__itdownsimply

formyown_26―,

notforMr.Fleagle,mypositionteacher.__27__,Iwouldwrite

somethingelse.

WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasno_28__

lefttowrite

aproperpositionforMr.Fleagle.Therewasnochoicenextmorning

butto_29―

mywork.TwodayspassedbeforeMr.Fleaglereturnedthe_30―

papers.Hesaid,,Now,class,Iwanttoreadyouaposition,'The

ArtofEatingSpaghetti7

Mywords!Hewasreadingmywordsout_31_tothewholeclass.

―32―laughed,

thenthewholeclasswaslaughingwithopen-heartedenjoyment.I

didmybestnotto

show__33―,butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness,_34_my

wordshadthepowertomakepeople_35―.

16.A.memoryB.thoughtC.

knowledgeD.experience

17.A.whenB.whereC.

sinceD.after

18.A.cookedB.servedC.gotD.made

19.A.theirB.

pastC.

lastD.those

20.A.noneB.

oneC.

someD.neither

21.A.carefulaboutB.goodatC.fondofD.interestedin

22.A.speechesB.lessonsC.sayingsD.arguments

23.A.nearlyB.naturallyC.officiallyD.socially

24.A.EspeciallyB.ProbablyC.SuddenlyD.Fortunately

25.A.settleB.

C.put

takeD.let

26.A.workB.

storyC.

luckD.joy

27.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.AsforhimD.Exceptforthat

28.A.timeB.

excuseC.

wayD.idea

29.A.giveupB.continueC.handinD.delay

30.A.writtenB.gradedC.collectedD.signed

31.A.loudB.

fastC.

publiclyD.calmly

32.A.PeopleB.NobodyC.

SomebodyD.I

33.A.shockB.wonderC.

worryD.pleasure

34.A.ifB.

forC.

whileD.although

35.A.excitedB.satisfiedC.

thinkD.laugh

第二部分，阅读理解，共20小题,每小题2分，共40分，

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Mostemployerssaythattheywishtoemploytherightpersonfor

therightjob.ArecentreportbyBritain,sIndependentInstituteof

ManpowerStudies,however,disagreeswiththis.Thereportstates

thatmostemployerswishtoavoidemployingthewrongperson.

Ratherthanlookingfortherightperson,theyarelooking

forapplicantstoturndown.

ThereportalsosuggeststhatinBritainandinmanyotherpartsof

theworld,theselectionmethodsusedtopickouttherightperson

forthejobcertainlydonotmatchuptothoseusedtojudgeapiece

ofnewequipment.Employersusedthreemainselectionmethods:

interviewing,checkingresume，简历，orapplicationforms

andexaminingreferences.Mostoftheemployersaskedinthis

survey，调查,stated

thattheseselectionmethodswereusedmorefor,weedingout'

unsuitableapplicantsratherthanforfindingsuitableones.

Interviewswereconsideredtobemorereliable，可信赖的，than

either

resumechecksorreferencesfrompastemployers.

Research,however,provesotherwise.

Interviewers'decisionsareoftenstronglyinfluencedbytheir

earlierjudgmentofthewrittenapplication.Also,differentemployers

viewfactsdifferently.Onemay

considerapplicantswhohavefrequentlychangedjobsaspeople

withbroadandusefulexperience.Anotherwillseesuchapplicants

asunreliableandunlikelytostayforlonginthenewjob.

Someemployersplacegreatimportanceonacademicqualifications,

专

业资格，whilethelinkbetweenthisandsuccessinmanagementis

notnecessarilystrong.Someemployersusehandwritingasa

standard.Thereportstatesthatthereislittleevidencetosupport

thevalueofthelatterforjudgingworkingability.

References,also,aresometimeunreliableastheyarenotvery

important,whilechecks

oncredit，信誉，andsecurityrecordsandapplicants,political

opinionsareoftentheopposite.

Thereportismorefavorabletowardstrainabilitytestsandthose

which

testpersonalityandpersonalandmentalskills.Thereport

concludesbysuggesting

thatinterviewingcouldbeemorereliableifthequestionswere

arrangedinacarefuLorganizedsystemandfocusedontheneedsof

theemployingorganization.

36.Thepicturesontheright_______.

A.presenttheinterviewers,trickstorefusethewrongapplicants

B.showthatageisquiteimportantforthejobapplicants

C.informusofsomequestionsaskedbytheinterviewers

D.tellusaninterestingstoryhappeningintheinterview

37.Whatdoes,thelatter'inParagraph4referto?

A.Thestandard.B.Thereport.

C.Academicqualification.D.Handwriting.

38.Accordingtothereport,whichofthefollowingcanbemore

reliable?

A.Testsonacademicskills.

B.Broadworkingexperience.

C.Interviewswithwell-organizedquestions.

D.Theinterviewers'opinionsaboutapplicants.

39.What,sthebesttitleforthearticle?

A.WhatAreJobApplicantsLookingfor?

B.WhatAreEmployersLookingfor?

C.HowAreInterviewTestsPrepared?

D.HowAreSelectionMethodsImproving?

B

Parisinthespringtimewas,isandalwayswillbe,somethingrather

special.Whynotexperienceitforyourselfwiththisexcellentbreak

forfourdays?Thisattractivecityhassomethingtoofferto

everyoneandwithpricesatjust?129.

Yourbreakbeginswithfortablebustransfer，运送，fromlocalpick­

uppoints

andtraveltoParisisviacross-channelferry,arrivingatyourhotel

intheevening.TheIbisisanexcellentqualityhotelwithprivate

equipmentsinallrooms:satelliteTVZradio,telephoneandalarm

clock.Ithasabarandrestaurantandissituatedabouttwomiles

southofNotreDameenablingyoutoexplorePariswithease.

Thefollowingday,aftercontinentalbreakfastJncluded,,thebus

takesyou

onaprehensivesightseeingtourofthecity,duringwhichyouwill

seetheEiffelTower,ChampsElysees,L'ArcdeTriomphe,the

Louvre,infactalmosteveryfamouslandmarkyouhaveeverheard

of.YouthenleaveParisandtakeashortdrivetothe

afternoonmagnificentPalaceofVersailles,thehomeofLouisXIV.

Thetourendsmid-backinPariswhereyouwillhavetheremainder

ofthedayatyourleisure.Intheeveningthereisa,ParisbyNight'

tourshowingyouthebeautifulbuildingswithbrightlights.

DaythreetakesyoutoMontmarter,perhapsthemostattractive

quarterofParis

andhomeoftheSacreCoeurandtheMoulinRouge.Inthe

afternoonyouarefreetoexplorethisbeautifulcityasyouwish,

perhapsapleasurevoyageontheRiverSeine,wanderaroundthe

beautifulgardensorlookamongtheantiqueshops，古董店，.In

theeveningyouwillhavetheopportunitytovisitthebestnightclub

inthecity,thesplendidParadisLatain.Onthefinaldayit'sback

totheUKviachannelferry.

Includedinthepriceof?129perperson:

?ReturnfortablebustraveltoParis

?Returnferrycrossings

?3nightshousinginatwinbeddedroominaCentralParishotel

withprivate

facilities

?Continentalbreakfastduringyourstay

?Guidedsightseeingtourof,ParisbyDay'andParisbyNight'

?VisittotheChateauofVersailles.admissionnotincluded,

?TouraroundMontmartre

?Servicesofexperiencedbi-lingualtourguideatalltimes40.What

isthepurposeofthispassage?

A.ToshowthepriceoftravelingtoParis

B.TotelltouriststheroutstoParis.

C.TointroducethecityofParis.

D.ToattracttouriststoParis.

41.DuringthestayinParis,thetouristswill.

A.havea,ParisbyNight'touronthefirstevening

B.liveinahoteltwomilesawayfromParis

C.havefreetimeforhalfaday

D.haveapleasurevoyageontheRiverSeinetogether42.What

doestheunderlinedwordquartermeaninthepassage?

A.Anareaofatown.

B.Aperiodof15minutes.

C.AcoinusedintheUSandCanadaworth25cents.

D.Oneoffourequalpartsintowhichsomethingcanbedivided.43.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.ThePalaceofVersaillesisnotinthecenterofParis.

B.TetouristscantelephoneintheIbiswithoutpaying.

C.ItwilltakeyoualongtimetogottoMontmartrefromParis.

D.Thetouristswillspendthenightintheantiqueshopsonthe

third

day.

C

Thefridgeisconsiderednecessary.Ithasbeensosincethe1960s

whenpackagedfoodlistappearedwiththelabel:zStoreinthe

refrigerator.,

Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthy.The

milkmancame

everyday,thegrocer,thebutcher,thebaker,andtheice—cream

mandeliveredtwo

orthreetimeseachweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntil

Wednesdayandsurplus,乘！J余，breadandmilkbecameallkindsof

cakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrotten

food.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetables

arealmostunobtainableinthecountry.

Theinventionofthefridgecontributedparativelylittletotheartof

foodpreservation.Manywell-triedtechniquealreadyexisted

naturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling,瓶装,...

Whatrefrigerationdidproducewasmarketing-marketinghardware

a

ndelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesof

animalsaroundtheworldinsearchofagoodprice.

Somostoftheworld'sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropics

wherethey

mightproveuseful,butintherichcountrieswithmildtemperatures

wheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,

millionsoffridgeshum,嗡嗡声，away

continuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintainingan

artificially一cooledspare

insideanartificially一heatedhouse—whileout一side,nature

providesthedesired

temperaturefreeofcharge.

Thefridge'seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,while

itscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeennotimportant.Ifyou

don'tbelieveme,tryityourself,

investafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmay

noteatthehamburgers,butatleastyou'IIgetridofthatterrible

hum.

44.Thestatement"InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwe

IIandhealthily."suggeststhat____.

A.

theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinhis

fifties

B.

theauthorwasnotaccustomedtousefridgeseveninhisfifties

C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor'shomeinthe1950s

D.

thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s45.

doestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbeforetheinventWhy

ionoffridges?

A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary

B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek

C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidn'tgetrotteneasily

D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood46.benefited

theleastfromfridgesaccordingtothe

author?

A.InventorsB.Consumers

C.ManufacturersD.Travelingsalesmen

47.

Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraphindicatesthe

fridge1snegativeeffect

ontheenvironment?

A.Humawaycontinuously

B.Climaticallyalmostunnecessary.

C.Artificially-cooledspace

D.Withmildtemperatures

D

Areteachersdoingtheirjobs?

Thespeaker,ateacherfromacollegeinCalifornia,addresseda

supportiveaudience.Headsnoddedinagreementwhenhe

said,,HighschoolEnglish

teachersarenotdoingtheirjobs.'Hedescribedtheinabilityofhis

students,

allhighschoolgraduateswhocanuselanguageonlyatagrade9

level.Iwasunabletodeterminefromhisanswerstomyquestions

howthisgrade9levelhadbeensetup.

Inmyview,whatthespeakerwasreallysayingisthatheisnolonger

young,hehasbeenteachingforsixteenyears,andisabletothink

andspeakina

sensibleandreasonableway.

Mypointisthatthefrequentplaint，指责，ofonegenerationabout

theoneimmediatelyfollowingitisunavoidable.Itisalsohuman

naturetolookforthereasonsforourdissatisfaction.BeforeEnglish

becameaschoolsubjectinthelatenineteenthcenturyjtwas

difficulttofindthefocusoftheblameforlanguageimperfection.

Butsincethen,Englishteachershavebeenundercontinuousattack.

Theplainersthinktheyhavehituponanoriginalidea.Astheirown

abilitytousethelanguageimproves,theynoticethatyoungpeople

donothavethis

sameability.Unawarethattheirownabilityhasdevelopedthrough

theyears,they

assumethenewgenerationofyoungpeoplemustbehopelessin

thiscase.Totheeyesandearsofsensitiveadults,thelanguageof

theyoungalwaysseemsnotgoodenough.

Since