2023-2024学年山东省新高考命题研究英语考前卷(一)

山东省新高考命题研究英语考前卷(一)试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。听力部分第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听扫码听听力完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydoesthemanchangetheskirt?A.Thecoloristoodark.B.Thesizeisnotproper.C.Thestyleisoutofdate.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodrink?A.Cola.B.Juice.C.Coffee.3.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Thebookstore.B.Thepostoffice.C.Thepolicestation.4.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Husbandandwife.C.Motherandson.5.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Readsomebooks.B.Buildagarden.C.Plantvegetables.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthemanbegintofeelpain?A.Thismorning.B.Lastnight.C.Yesterdayafternoon.7.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Cookfortheman.B.Givetheman'sfriendacall.C.Sendthemantothehospital.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howdoesthewomanlikeskydiving?A.Exciting.B.Dangerous.C.Challenging.9.WhatwillthewomanprobablydoonSaturday?A.Goskydivingwiththeman.B.Buysomebooksonskydiving.C.Prepareforhercomingexam.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Trainerandtrainee.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.11.Howlongdidthewoman'spreviousjoblast?A.Twoandahalfyears.B.Threeyears.C.Threeandahalfyears.12.Whatdoesthewomanexpectforthenexttwoyears?A.Gettingpromoted.B.Havingahighersalary.C.Balancingworkandpleasure.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What'stheweatherliketoday?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.14.Whenwillthetrafficcontrolend?A.Intwomonths.B.Inonemonth.C.Intwoweeks.15.Howdoesthewomangettowork?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.16.Whatistheproblemoftakingbusesaccordingtotheman?A.Ittakestoomuchtime.B.Busesaretoocrowded.C.Theairinthebusisdirty.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Wednesday.18.Whatistheprizethattheorganizermeanstooffer?A.$1,000.B.$10,000.C.$100,000.19.WhatisJohnny'sproblem?A.Hehasnogiftforsinging.B.Hefacestoomuchcompetition.C.Heisnotsupportedbyhisfather.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Tellingastory.B.Advertisingamovie.C.Commentingonasong.笔试部分第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACanadiansareblessedwithanabundanceofnaturalwonderswithenoughlakes,mountainsandriverstoexploreforalifetime.We'vealsogotsomeofthemostamazingwaterfallsonEarth.HorseshoeFallsNiagaraFalls,OntarioNiagaraFallsarethemostfamouswaterfallsinCanada—andunderstandablyso.Actuallytheyaremadeupofthreedifferentfalls,,andthefittinglynamedHorseshoeFallsistheonlyonelocatedonthe.Canadianside,whichisthemostpowerfulinNorthAmerica.Multipleviewingoptionsareavailableincludingtouristshipsandsightseeingbuses.Nailicho(VirginiaFalls)NahanniNationalParkReserve,NorthwestTerritoriesCominginattwicetheheightofNiagaraFalls,thismassivewaterfallislocatedontheSouthNahanniRiverintheNorthwestTerritories.Theremotelocationmeansitreceivesonlyabout1,000visitorsperyearwhomustmaketheirwaybyeitherboatorfloatplane.TakakkawFalls—YohoNationalPark,BritishColumbiaTakakkawtranslatedfromCreelooselymeans"themagnificent(壮丽的)",andit'sasuitablewordforthesecond-highestwaterfallinCanada.Afterasteepdriveupawindingroad,TakakkawFallsisonlyashortdistancefromtheparkinglotalongawheelchairaccessiblepath.BridalVeilFalls—BridalVeilFallsProvincialPark,BritishColumbiaPrettyanddelicate,BridalVeilFallsislocatedjusteastofChilliwack,BritishColumbia,andreallydoeslooklikeitsname,withwatergentlypouringoversmoothrock.Aneasy15-minutewalktothewaterfalltakesyouthroughrichleaves.Tablesareavailabletohaveamealoutdoors,andtherearelotsofopportunitiesforviewingwildlifealongtheway.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHorseshoeFalls?A.Itiseasilyaccessible.B.Itconsistsofthreefalls.C.Itlimitstouristnumbers.D.ItcrossesNorthAmerica.2.HowcanvisitorsgotoTakakkawFalls?A.Bytouristship.B.Bycablecar.C.Byfloatplane.D.Bycar.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinBridalVeilFalls?A.Swim.B.Camp.C.Picnic.D.Hunt.BTwenty-fourtrains,ninecountries,13,500miles.TheyarethenumbersbehindtheheroicroundtriponemantookfromSouthamptonintheUKtoeasternChina.RogerTyers,37,usedover$2,500,whichwasalmosttwicemorethanthecostofareturnflight,totraveltotheChineseportcityNingboforacademicresearchinMay,2019.Themanspentamonthonboard15trainsduringthefirstlegofhisroundtrip.Itwastheclimatecrisis,notaloveoftrains,thatdrovethesociologisttochoosethiscomplicatedrouteoverareturnflight.HestoppedflyingwhenUNclimateexpertswarnedthattheworldhadlessthan11yearstoavoidterriblelevelsofglobalwarming.TyerscalculatedthathistrainjourneytoChinaproducedalmost90%lessemissionsthanareturnflight.Tyersisnottheonlypersontoavoidairtravelinresponsetoclimatechange.Thousandsofpeopleworldwidehavepubliclypromisedtostopflying.ActivistMajaRosenlaunchedthe"FlightFree"campaigninSwedenwiththegoalofencouraging100,000peoplenottoflyforoneyear.Althoughonlyaround14,000peoplesignedtheonline"#flightfree2019"pledge(保证),Rosen,whostoppedflying12yearsago,saysthatthecampaignhadmademorepeopleworryabouttheclimatecrisisandawareofharmoftravelbyairandmotivatedthemtotrynewwaysoftravelling.AccordingtoasurveyreleasedinMay2019bySwedishRailways(SJ),37%ofrespondentschosetotravelbytraininsteadofbyplanewherepossible,comparedto20%atthestartof2018.AnSJspokespersonsaid:"Railtravelhasbeenaugmentedduetotheworries."DomesticpassengernumbersinJulyfellby12%comparedtothepreviousyear,accordingtoSwedavia,acompanywhichoperatesSweden's10busiestairports."Thecollectivepledgehelpsfightthesenseofhopelessnessmanypeoplefeelwhenitcomestotacklingclimatechange",Rosensaid."Oneoftheproblemsisthatpeoplefeelthere'snopointinwhatyoudoasanindividual.Thecampaignisaboutmakingpeopleawarethatifwedothistogether,wecanactuallybringchanges."4.HowmanytrainsdidRogerTyerstakeinhistripfromChinatotheUK?A.9.B.15.C.24.D.30.5.Whatdoes"augmented"underlinedinparagraph4mean?A.Reduced.B.AdjustedC.Boosted.D.Applied.6.Whatdoyouknowaboutthe"FlightFree"campaign?A.Itimpactedthedevelopmentoftourism.B.ItwasstronglysupportedbytheSwedish.C.Itaimedtowarnofthedangerofflying.D.Itinspiredpeople'sconfidencetomakeadifference.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Travel.B.Environment.C.Education.D.Lifestyle.CExperiencedclimbersofMountQomolangmaarewonderingifnewproposedruleswillsolvetherootcausesofvariousdeadlyaccidentontheworld'stallestmountain.Theproposals,ifapprovedbythegovernmentofNepal,wouldaddstepstothepermittingprocessformountaineersaswellaslimitationtotourismcompaniestopreventthedisasterinlastMayhappeningagain.Traditionally,Nepalhasgivenclimbingpermitstoanyonepreparedtopayafeeof$11,000.In2019,thegovernmentapprovedarecordhighof381permits.WithessentialSherpasandguidesadded,morethan800peopleweretryingtoreachthepeakduringtheshortweatherwindow.Theovercrowdingledtodeadlydelaysinwhatisknownasthe"deathzone",theareaabove8,000meters,andthedeathofelevenclimberseventually,manyofthemdyinginlateMayaftertheywerestuckthere.Italsoraisedsuspicionsthatguidecompanieswereurginginexperiencedorincompetentmountaineerstoattempttheclimb.Toreducethepotentialrisks,amongthesuggestedchangesisaruleforthosewhowanttoclimbtheMounttohaveaqualifieddoctorprepareareportontheirmedicalhistoryandgeneralhealth.AnotheristhatclimbersprovideevidencetheyhaveclimbedanothertallmountaininNepal.TheywillalsoneedtobeaccompaniedbyatrainedNepaleseguide.AmericanmountaineerEdViesturssaidtheproposedchangeswilllikelylimittheamountofclimbersabletoplanjourneysuptheMount,yetwillnotdoenoughtostopthe"groupthink"mentalitythatledtothetrafficjaminlateMay.Hesaidclimbleadersatbasecampalsoneededtoconsiderhowtofixtheproblem."Iknowseveralclimberswhowaiteduntillaterandhadthemountainalmosttothemselves,"Viesturssaidofthe2019climbingseason."Wereallyneedtoanswerwhysomanypeoplearethereonthesameday?Howcanyoucontrolit?"8.Whatisthepurposeofthenewproposals?A.Toattractmoremountaineers.B.Toissuesecuritywarningsoftheclimb.C.Toguideinexperiencedclimbers.D.ToavoiddeathonMountQomolangma.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"refertoinparagraph2?A.Therecordhigh.B.Theovercrowding.C.The"deathzone".D.Theshortweatherwindow.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Newrequirementsfortheclimbers.B.Theprocedureforgettingapermit.C.Importanceofapplyingtheproposals.D.Qualificationsoftheapplicants.11.What'sEdViesturs'attitudetothenewproposedrules?A.Disapproving.B.Favourable.C.Doubtful.D.Curious.DWithanamelikeTheDailyOrangeinAmerica,youwillthinktheSyracuseUniversitystudent-runnewspaperprintsanewissueeveryday.ThenewspaperbeganoperatingattheSyracuse,NewYork-basedschoolin1903.Butitonlyprintsanewissuethreetimesaweek.EditorinchiefHaleyRobertsonworriesaboutwhereshewillfindcompanieswillingtopayforadvertisingspace.Shealsoworriesabouthavingtofirefriends.And,shesearchesoutformerstudentswillingtodonatemoneysothenewspapercansendreportersontheroadtocovertheuniversity'ssportsteams.MediaexecutivesmanyyearsolderthanRobertsonarefacingsimilarproblems.Thenewsindustry'sfinancialdifficultieshavespreadtocollegesanduniversitiesacrosstheUS,whichbroughtchallengestotheseyoungjournalists.Studentreporterstrainforthefutureintwomainways.Theyreceiveatraditionalclassroomeducationfromprofessors.Theyalsoputwhattheylearntouseinstudent-runnewsrooms.ChrisEvansispresidentoftheCollegeMediaAssociation,ortheCMA.Henotesthatfewcollegenewspapershaveshutdownthewaylocalnewspapersintownsandcitiesacrossthecountryhave,consideringthecentralroletheyareplaying.Butsomehavehadtocutthenumberoftimestheypublisheachweek.Somewouldfindaformerstudentfordonationorsellenoughadvertisingtocoverit.TheUniversityofNorthCarolinareportsthatnewspapernewsroomjobsacrossthecountrydroppedfrom52,000in2008to24,000today.Thereareotherkindsofjobsinthefield,ofcourse,butnotaveryhighnumberofthem.Manyjournalismeducatorshavewonderedwhethertheirstudentscandealwiththat.Journalismschoolsshoulddomorethanjustequipstudentsforpossiblemediajobs,saidMarieHardin,headofPennState'sDonaldBellisarioCollegeofCommunications.Shesaidjournalismeducatorsneedtoteachstudentscommunication,criticalthinkingandwriting.Suchskillsarehighlysoughtinmanydifferentfields.12.ItcanbelearntthatTheDailyOrange.A.isanationalnewspaperB.isseekingsponsorshipsC.lacksenoughreportersD.willgofullyInternet-based13.Whydomostcollegenewspapersstillsticktooperating?A.Becausetheycangetdonationsfromtheoutside.B.Becausetheyarepopularamongtownsandcities.C.BecausetheCMAprovidesmuchsupportforthem.D.Becausejournalismstudentsneedtrainingchances.14.WhatdoesMarieHardinsuggesttojournalismschools?A.Creatingnewjobsinthenewsindustry.B.Improvingprofessionalskillsofeducators. C.Preparingstudentsformorejoboptions.D.Encouragingstudentstoturntootherfields.15.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.JournalismSchoolsApplyNewTeachingMethodsB.USCollegeStudentReportersFaceDifficultFutureC.HowtoRunTraditionalUniversityNewspapersWell?D.IsTransformationofCollegeNewspapersNecessary?第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BuildyourownfirstaidkitEmergenciescanhappenanytime,anywhere,sobeingpreparedforoneisimportant.Havingaproperfirstaidkitinyourhomeisaneasybutessentialpartofgoodemergencypreparation.16.Insteadofgettingsuchone,youcansavemoneyandensurethekitispersonalizedtosuityouandyourfamily'sparticularneedsbycreatingyourown.Pickagoodcontainer.Onegoodoptionisalarge,waterresistant,rigidorflexibleplasticcontainer.Thismakesthematerialsinsidevisibleforeasyidentificationandsafe.17.Ahandleisidealoutofconsiderationforthat.Regardlessofyourcontainerchoice,clearlyidentifyitforexample,bywriting"FIRSTAID"withapermanentmarker.18.Oneshouldincludeallofyourbasicmedicinalsupplies,suchasbandages(绷带),glovesandscissors,whilethesecondoneincludesmedicine.Makesurethattheimportantbasic-medicaltoolsandmedicinesarecontainedinit.19.However,whenitcomestobandages,wipesandotherlightweightitems,themorethemerrier.Andrememberthateverythingiskeptinsmallsealedplasticbags.20.Whenoneofyourfamilyiscryingaboutacutonherfinger,youdon'twantyourhomekitburiedatthebackofacupboardorlostbecauseit'snotbeingreturnedtothesamespotaftereachuse.Establishaclearly-defined,consistentspotforit.Letsmallchildrenknowwherethekitislocated,butplaceitwheretheycannotreachit.A.MakeyourfirstaidkitsafelyaccessibleB.SeparatethefirstaidkitintotwosectionsC.Theready-madefirstaidkitsinthestoreareusuallyexpensiveD.ThekitshouldbeeasytotransportasneededtotheemergencyE.ThenumberofeachitemwilldependonthesizeofyourfamilyF.HavingseveralfirstaidkitsmeansyoucangetoneofthemanytimeG.Firstaidkitsonthemarketoftenlackwhatyouwantorhavesomethinguselessforyou第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Janicejustreturnedfromhermother's.Shealmostdroveonautomaticpilot:aleftontoStationRoad,thenaleft…forsheknewthe21quitewell.Thenwham!Atruckpushedherforward100feetontorailroadtracks.Whilehearingthe22soundofmetalonmetal,Peter,then65,wasreadyforbed.Asavolunteerfirefighter,without23Petergrabbedaflashlightandranout.Thefirsthe24,nearhisyard,wasthetruckhittingJanice.OncePeter25thedriverwasOK,helookedaround,and26Janice'scar.Justthenheheardtheurgentbellsound:the27ofanoncomingtrain!Peter28toJaniceandknockedatthewindow.Shelookedathim,witheyes29."Idon'tknowwhereIam,"shesaid."Wehavetogetyouoffrightnow!"Petershoutedandpulledthehandle30,butthedoorwasjammed.Thetrain,travelingat65milesperhour,was31.Herantothepassengersideandthrewopenthedoor.Petersomehow32topullheroutandspedherto33afewfeetaway.Withinsixseconds,thetrain34intoJanice'scar!"ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,"thereporterfromCBSNewYorksaid."Butthere'sone35.Theheroarrivedinpajamas(唾衣),notinafiretruck."21.A.functionB.routeC.habitD.benefit22.A.familiarB.sharpC.distantD.complex23.A.experienceB.warningC.permissionD.delay24.A.cameuponB.leftasideC.waitedforD.pulledaway25.A.informedB.expectedC.concludedD.wondered26.A.spottedB.reachedC.fixedD.searched27.A.noiseB.smokeC.motionD.signal28.A.attendedB.respondedC.rushedD.escaped29.A.burnedB.unfocusedC.unhurtD.closed30.A.carefullyB.gentlyC.violentlyD.practically31.A.approachingB.slowingC.turningD.speeding32.A.intendedB.managedC.hesitatedD.happened33.A.peaceB.freedomC.comfortD.safety34.A.brokeB.crowdedC.crashedD.stepped35.A.connectionB.relationC.impressionD.distinction第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。NorthernKenyaisavast,variedandbreathtakinglybeautifullandscape36youcanfindthe"TowersoftheSavanna"--reticulated(网纹的)giraffes.TheyareoneofAfrica'smostimpressiveandpopularanimals,andyetthe37(adore)creaturesarestilllittlestudiedandnotwellunderstood.However,rbeforewecouldbegintoresearchintothesegiraffes,theyarebeingthreatenedwith38(extinct).AccordingtoGiraffacamelopardalisreticulata,acrossAfrica,allgiraffepopulations39(decline)byover70percentinthepast20yearsfrom36,000tolessthan9,000today.Themain40(element)behindtheunpleasantsituationappeartobeillegalhunting,landdegradation(恶化)andlack41habitat.ThedecreaseledtheIUCNRedList,anauthoritativeindicatorofthehealthoftheworld'sbiodiversity,to42(official)listgiraffesasoneoftheendangeredspeciesinDecember2016.43isnowclearthattheyneedconservationefforts.Tobetterunderstandthewildlifefoundhere,WildwatchKenyaseeks44(identify)andtrackthegiraffesinconservationfieldsites.Citizenscientistsarecalledtohelpresearcherslookthroughthetensofthousandsofphotostakenbycameras45(place)instrategicspotsthroughoutthesites.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。你市正在实施垃圾分类(garbageclassification),请你给2lstCentury投稿。内容包括:1.你的看法;2.原因;3.你打算如何做。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。9-year-oldIgorlivedinahugeforestinthenorthofRussia.Hisfatherwasawoodcutterandhismotheratailor.Theboylikedplayingwithanimalsintheforest,andknewthenamesofdifferentbirdsandtheir