2022届浙江省新高三8月开学摸底考试英语试卷03（解析版）

2022届浙江省新高三8月开学摸底考试英语试卷03解析版

班级姓名分数

〔考试时间：120分钟试卷总分值：150分〕

选择题局部

第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）

第一节（共5小题；每题分，总分值分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项,

并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是Co

1.WhatisJimdoingnow?

A.Cooking.B.WatchingTV.C.Reviewinghislessons.

2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Driveawayhercar.B.Parkhercarnearby.C.Buyaredcar.

3.Howmuchdoesthewomanwantforthewatch?

A.$200.B.$150.C.$50.

4.Wherewasthemangoingwhenhefelloffthebike?

A.Tothesupermarket.B.Tothebank.C.Tothehospital.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Peter'shealth.B.Peter'sschoollife.C.Peter?sage.

第二节（共15小题，每题分，总分值分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选

出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将

给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。

6.Howmanydaysdoesthemanworkinaweek?

A.5days.B.6days.C.7days.

7.Whoisthegirl?

A.Apassenger.B.Theman'scolleague.C.Theman'sdaughter.

听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。

8.WhatdidSandradolastnight?

A.Sherepairedherphone.B.ShecalledupMichael.C.Shelearnttopaint.

9.WhatdidSandraandPeteragreetodoonSunday?

A.Playtennis.B.VisitLondon.C.Gotothedentist.

听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。

10.Whatcolordoesthewomanlikebest?

A.Black.B.White.C.Red.

11.Whatwillthespeakersdothisevening?

A.Attendaparty.B.Goshopping.C.Dosomecleaning.

12.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Salesmanandcustomer.

听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。

13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?

A.Seeingafilm.B.VisitingJames.C.Goingclimbing.

14.WhatwillthemanfinishbeforecallingJames?

A.Ajournal.B.Areport.C.Anessay.

15.Howwillthespeakersgotothenewpark?

A.Bytaxi.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.

16.WherewillthespeakersmeetonSaturdaymorning?

A.Inasupermarket.B.Neartheirschool.C.AttheWestMountain.

听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。

17.Whendoestheclassfinish?

A.At5:00p.m.B.At5:30p.m.C.At6:00p.m.

18.HowoftendothestudentstakeLindsayBlack'sclassinaweek?

A.Twice.B.Threetimes.C.Fourtimes.

19.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthestudentstodo?

A.Photocopyherlessons.B.Visittheschoolwebsite.C.Buythestudent'sbook.

20.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?

A.She'sambitious.B.She'sstrict.C.She'shumorous.

第一部分听力（共两节，总分值30分）

1—5CBAAC6—10BABAC11—15ABABC16—20BCACB

听力原文

Example:

M:Excuseme,canyoutellmehowmuchtheshirtis?

W:Yes,it'sninefifteen.

Text1

W:Hey,Jim.Wehaverunoutofsalt.Pleasebuymesomeattheshopdownstairs.

M:Oh,Mum.Tmpreparingfortomorrow'sEnglishtest.MaybeJaneisfree.She'swatchingTVinher

bedroom.

Text2

W:MyhusbandandIcometoseeourparentsthisevening.Theirhouseisnear.Youseetheredone?It's

theirs.

M:Sorry,butyou'llhavetodriveyourcaraway.Youcannotparkthecarhere.

Text3

M:Is$150enoughforthewatch?

W:Fmafraidnot.50moredollarsshouldbegiven.

Text4

W:Hi,Buzz.Oh,you'reinjured.Whathappened?

M:Afterwithdrawingsomemoneyinthebank,Iwasgoingtothesupermarkettobuysomethingfor

MarleywhenIfelloffmybike.Youknow,sheisinhospitalthesedays.

Text5

M:How'sPeterdoing?

W:Oh,he'sfine.Hejusthadabirthday,and...

M:Howoldishe,nine?

W:Yeah.Hejustturnednine.

Text6

W:Excuseme,Sir.CanIaskyouaquestion?

M:Yes,please.Whatisit?

W:Howmanytimesdoyoutaketheplaneeveryweek?

M:Well,ItakeiteverydayexceptonSundayinaweek.

W:Really?Soyoupayforticketseachtime.Areyouveryrich?

M:Oh,no,littlegirl.Actually,thafsmyjob.Theypaymeforthat.

W:Howluckyyouare!Oh,mymumiscoming.Wearegoingtothesecuritycheckoverthere.Bye.

Text7

M:Hi,Sandra.IfsPeter.

W:Hi,Peter.Whatasurprise!Iwaswaitingforyoutocalllastnight.

M:Lastnight?Idid.Icalledyoufivetimes.Butthelinewasbusyallthetime.

W:Oh,yes.I'msorryaboutthat.IwastalkingwithmybrotherMichaelonthephone.Heislearningto

paintinLondon.

M:Oh,well,nevermind.IsSundaystillOKforplayingtennis?

W:Yes.Whynot?

M:Great!Howaboutteno'clockinthemorning?

W:Well.Butlet'sputitoffuntil3pm.Ihaveanappointmentwithmydentistat9:30onSundaymorning.

M:Gotit.

Text8

M:Doyoulikethosepants?

W:Whichones?

M:Theblackones.

W:ButIdon9tlikethecolor.

M:Whataboutthatdress?

W:Whichone?

M:Theredoneontheleft,andthecolorisyourfavorite.

W:Thatone!Oh,Iloveit.Butit'sexpensive.Thewhiteoneisfine,too.ThepriceandthecolorareOK

withme.

M:Don'tworryaboutthemoney.Igotaraiseinpaylastweek.It'shardforyoutotakecareofourchildren

athome.Youdeserveyourbestclothes.What'smore,youneedanewdressfortonight'sparty.

W:Well,thentakeit.Oh,bequick!It'salmost3o'clock.Ineedtogohomeandcleanupthehouse.

Text9

M:Hithere.We'vebeenbusyallthesedays.Shallwegosomewherethisweekend?

W:Sure,whereshallwegothen?

M:Ireallydon'tknow.Doyouhaveanyideas?

W:Whydon'twegotothemovies?

M:rdrathernotgo.Idon'tlikemovies.

W:Iknowthereanewparkwherethereisaspecialbarbecueareaforvisitors.

M:Whereisit?

W:It'snotfarfromtheWestMountain.SoIsuggestwegothereforapicnic.WecancallupJames,

invitinghimtojoinusbecausehe'sfondofsuchactivities.

M:That'sagoodideaforme.I'llcallhimafterfinishingthereportaboutthemeetingheldyesterday.Seeit?

I'malmostfinishingit.Bytheway,howwillwegothere,takeataxiortakeourbikes?

W:Neither.TheNo.39bustakesusstraightthere.Let'smeetat9:00amonSaturdayatthestationnearour

schoolsinceit'sconvenientforbothofustogetthere.

M:Whatfooddoyouthinkweshouldtakewithus?

W:Whatabouttakingsomechickenandsomefruits?

M:Igoalongwithit.Tilbuytheminthesupermarketafterwork.

W:OK.Seeyouthen.

Text10

W：

Hello,everyone!It'snicetoseeyouallhere.WelcometoBritishLifeandLanguage.Iamyour

teacher.MynameisLindsayBlack.That'sL-I-N-D-S-A-YBlack.Beforewebegin,hereissome

informationabouttheclass.

WehaveclassonMondayandWednesdayeveryweek.Ourclassbeginsat4:30p.m.andlasts90

minutes.Also,Ihaveanofficehourifyouhavequestions.Tminoffice7Bonthesecondfloor.Myoffice

hourisFridayat6p.m.

Forthiscourseyouneedthebook.Hereitis:BritishLifeandLanguageLevel1StudentsBook.So,

pleasegetthebookonline,whichismuchcheaper.Ofcourse,youmaygetitfromthebookstorenearour

school.Idon'twanttoseeanyphotocopiesofthebook.Thankyou!

EveryoneofyoumustrememberthatwhenIgivealesson,youmusttakenotescarefully,writing

downeverylessonItalkabout.Youarenotallowedtotalkonyourcellphoneoransweryourphoneinclass.

Don'tbelateorleaveearly,oryouwillbeseverelypunished.Ithinkthat'sall.

第二局部阅读理解（共两节，总分值35分）

第一节（共10小题；每题分，总分值25分）

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题纸上将

该项涂黑。

A

A24-year-oldfemalespacecommanderhasbecomeaviralsensationonChinesesocialmediaforher

work.

ZhouChengyuwasinchargeoftherocketconnectorsystem-describedasavitalrole.Herstoryin

particularhasdrawnthepublic'sattentiongivenheryoungage.Socialmediausershavebeencelebrating

herbrillianceandreferringtoherasprideofthecountry.

Beingtheyoungestoftheteam,ZhouChengyuwasbornin1996intheprovinceofGuizhou.Sheis

certainlynot"old"enoughcomparedwithhercolleagues,butsheisknownatworkas"BigSister"asa

signofrespect.Onceina3-kmrunningcontest,sheactuallybeathalfofhermalecounterparts.Although

workshiftsarenotuncommonattheWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSite,eachshiftrequirestremendous

couragebecauseofthedifferentbackgroundknowledge.However,forZhouChengyu,sheexperienced

multiplepositionsin5launchingtestsandnowsheistheyoungestcommanderatthesite.

Despitecarefulnessandhighresponsibilityatwork,sheisjustlikeherpeersinnormallife.Eating

snacksandshoppingareherfavoritefree-timeactivities.Herhighschoolteacherremembersherastough

anddetermined."Shealwayshadadreamofbecomingscientist,“saidherphysicsteacher.

Accordingtohercolleague,ZhouChengyuwasverysurprisedwhenshefoundoutshewentviral

online.Shesaidthatshewashappywhenshesawpeopleonlineregardingherastheprideofthecountry,

andyetshekeptsayingthatshewas“nobodybutnormalworkeratalaunchsite"andtherearealotmore

peoplejustlikehergoingunnoticedwhiledoingthehardestjobtoguaranteeabetterfuturefortheChinese

spaceprogram.Shealsosaidthatshewishedtoremainhercurrentstatusandcontinuedoingherworkwith

orwithoutthepopularity.

.WhatmakesZhouChengyutheprideofthecountry?

A.Heryoungage.B.Hervitalroleinherwork.

C.Hergreatcourage.D.Herresponsibilityatwork.

22.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeZhouChengyu?

A.Learnedandconfident.B.Respectableandgenerous.

C.Patientandresponsible.D.Modestanddetermined.

23.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AYoungPrideB.ASuccessfulColleague

C.AnExtraordinaryDreamD.AnAmbitiousCommander

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名24岁的女太空指挥官因其出色的工作在中

国社交媒体上走红的故事。

.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句内容“ZhouChengyuwasinchargeoftherocket

connectorsystem-describedasavitalrole.Herstoryinparticularhasdrawnthepublic'sattention

givenheryoungage.（周成宇负责的火箭连接系统，这被描述为一个至关重要的角色。考虑到

她还很年轻，她的故事尤其吸引了公众的注意。）可知，因为周成宇成为国家的骄傲是因为她

是最年轻的负责火箭连接系统的指挥官，担任着重要角色。应选B项。

22.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句内容“Herhighschoolteacherremembersheras

toughanddetermined."Shealwayshadadreamofbecomingscientist/'saidherphysicsteacher.

（在她的高中老师的印象中，她是一个坚强而坚决的人。“她一直梦想成为一名科学家，〃她

的物理老师说。）〃可知，周成宇是一个非常坚决的人，再根据最后•段她对自己评价的内容

“andyetshekeptsayingthatshewas“nobodybutnormalworkeratalaunchsite”“旦她——直说自

己“只是发射场的普通工人〃）〃可知，周成宇是一个非常谦虚的人。应选D项。

23.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章笫二段最后一句内容“Socialmediausershavebeencelebratingher

brillianceandreferringtoherasprideofthecountry.（社交媒体用户一直在颂扬她的才华，称她

为整个国家的骄傲。）〃以及全文都在表达有关她是祖国骄傲的事迹，可知A选项“一个年轻

的骄傲〃最适合作题目，应选A项。

B

AsCaliforniagraywhaleswindtheirwaysouthalongNorthAmerica'sPacificcoast,researchersare

watching,worriedaboutanotheryearofunexplaineddie-offs.

Lastspringandsummer,5whalesinexplicably（说不清地）washedupalongNorthAmerica'sWest

Coast.Concerned,theU.S.NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationcalledforaninvestigation,

bringingtogetherresearchersfromtheArctictoMexicotoexplorethestrandings（搁浅）inauniform

manner.

Accordingtothescientistsinvolvedwiththeinvestigation,it'sstillunclearwhatcausedthe2021die

-offandwhetherthewhaleswillfarebetterthisyear.

Californiagraywhalesmigrate5,000mileseveryyearfromtheArctictoMexico'sBaja.Their

journeyisthelongestmigration,andfullofdangerssuchasshipsandplasticrubbish.Thejourneyback

northisparticularlydangerousbecausegraywhalesonlyeatwhileintheArctic;therefore,theyarerunning

onemptyastheymaketheirreturntripfromBaja.

DataandobservationscollectedthispastsummerbyresearchersbasedatNOAA'sAlaskaFisheries

ScienceCenterhaveraisedmorequestionsthananswers.Forinstance,15graywhaleswerespottedinone

dayintheeasternBeaufortSea-araresightingforaspeciesusuallyseengettingfatattheirfeedinggrounds.

Butwiththeseaiceforminglaterinwinterandbreakingupearlierinsummer,scientistswonderwhether

graywhaleswillcontinuetomovefarthereasttonewfeedingareas.

Inadditiontochangesinfoodavailability,asseaicedecreases,whalesarerunningintomoreand

moreshiptrafficintheseremotewaters.Shipstrikesandbeingtrappedinfishinggeararecommoncauses

ofwhaleinjuryanddeath.

MaggieMooney-Seus,spokeswomanfortheAlaskaFisheriesScienceCenter,said,"Weareworking

todeterminefuturewhaleresearchplansthatmayhelpshedlightonthisandotherrelevantquestions."

24.Thereasonforthedie-offsoftheCaliforniagraywhalesis.

A.lackoffood.B.toomuchplasticrubbish.

C.heavyshiptraffic.D.stillunderinvestigation.

25.Whywere15graywhalesseenintheeasternBeaufortSea?

A.Theyprobablywerelookingforanewmigratingpath.

B.Theyprobablywereavoidingthenoisesoffishinggears.

C.Theyprobablywereexploringtheirnewfeedinggrounds.

D.Theyprobablywereescapingfrombeinghuntedbytheships.

26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"shedlighton"refertointhelastparagraph?

A.Clarify.B.Solve.C.Improve.D.Research.

【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲的是目前尚不清楚是什么原因导致「2021年的鲸

鱼死亡，灰鲸灭绝的原因仍在调查中。

24.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Accordingtothescientistsinvolvedwiththeinvestigation,it's

stillunclearwhatcausedthe2021die-offandwhetherthewhaleswillfarebetterthisyear.（据参

与调查的科学家称，目前尚不清楚是什么原因导致了2021年的鲸鱼死亡，以及今年鲸鱼的情

况是否会好转）〃可知灰鲸相继死去的原因尚不清楚，仍在调查中。应选D。

25.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Butwiththeseaiceforminglaterinwinterandbreakingup

earlierinsummer,scientistswonderwhethergraywhaleswillcontinuetomovefarthereasttonew

feedingareas.（但由于冬季海冰形成较晚，夏季海冰分解较早，科学家们疑心灰鲸是否会继续

向东迁移到新的觅食区）〃可知在波弗特海东部能看到15头灰鲸的原因是它们可能正在探索

新的觅食地。应选C。

26.A【解析】词句猜想题。根据笫一题的分析可知，灰鲸相继死去的原因尚不清楚。根据最后一段

“Weareworkingtodeterminefuturewhaleresearchplansthatmayhelpshedlightonthisandother

relevantquestions.（我们正在努力确定未来的鲸鱼研究方案，这些方案可能有助于shedlighton

这一点和其他相关问题）〃可知，我们制定的未来的鲸鱼方案是可能有助于解释清楚灰鲸相继

死去的这一问题和其他相关问题的。所以shedlighton是指的是“解释清楚〃，也就是澄清。

A.Clarify澄清；B.Solve解决;C.Improve改良；D.Research研究。应选A。

C

Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchersastheyhavefoundthattalenteddogs

mayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthemonlyfourtimes.

Whilepreviousevidenceseemstoshowthatmostdogsdonotlearnwords,unlesseventuallyvery

welltrained,afewindividualshaveshownsomeextraordinaryabilities,accordingtoastudypublishedin

thejournalScientificReports.

“Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmaylearnnovelwords,“said

researcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEotvosLorandUniversityinHungary.Forthestudy,theteam

involvedtwogifteddogs,WhiskyandVickyNina.Theteamexposedthedogstothenewwordsintwo

differentconditions.

Intheexclusion-basedtask,presentedwithsevenknowntoysandonenewtoy,thedogswereableto

selectthenewtoywhenpresentedwithanewname.Researcherssaythisprovesthatdogscanchooseby

exclusionwhenfacedwithanewword,theyselectedtheonlytoywhichdidnothaveaknownname.

However,thiswasnotthewaytheywouldlearnthenameofthetoy.Infact,whentheywerepresented

withonemoreequallynewnametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotally

confusedandfailed.

Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayedwiththeirownerswhopronouncedthe

nameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethesuccessfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,

evenafterhearingitonly4times.t6Therapidlearningthatweobservedseemstoequalchildren'sabilityto

learnmanynewwordsatafastratearoundtheageof18months,“Fugazzasays."Butwedonotknow

whetherthelearningmechanisms（机制）behindthislearningarethesameforhumansanddogs.〃

Totestwhethermostdogswouldlearnwordsthisway,20otherdogsweretestedinthesame

condition,butnoneofthemshowedanyevidenceoflearningthetoynames,confirmingthattheabilityto

learnwordsrapidlyintheabsenceofformaltrainingisveryrareandisonlypresentinafewgifteddogs.

27.WhatwasthepurposeofthestudypublishedinScientificReports?

A.Tobettertraindogs'abilitytolearnnewwords.

B.Tofurtherconfirmpreviousevidenceaboutdogs.

C.Toproveextraordinarymemoryabilitiesofgifteddogs.

D.Toexplorefavorableconditionsfbrgifteddogs,new-wordlearning.

28.Howdidthedogsreactwhenexposedtotwonewnamesinthefirstcondition?

A.Slowtounderstand.B.Quicktolearn.C.Ataloss.D.Inapanic.

29.Whatwasfoundaboutdogs'new-wordlearninginthesocialcondition?

A.Learningthroughplayingappliedtomostdogs.

B.Thesocialconditionhelpeddogslearnnewwords.

C.Dogs'new-wordlearningturnedouttobelesseffective.

D.Dogssharedsimilarlearningmechanismswithchildren.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GiftedDogsCanLearnNewWordsRapidly.

B.DogsIdentifyNewly-namedToysbyExclusion.

C.DogsCanAcquireVocabularythroughTonsofTraining.

D.GiftedDogsHaveSimilarLearningAbilitiestoHumans.

【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了狗狗通过训练能够学习新的单词。

27.D［解析］细节理解题。根据第三段“'Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmay

learnnovelwords,'saidresearcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEotvosLorandUniversityin

Hungary."（匈牙利EotvosLorand大学的研究员ClaudiaFugazza说:“我们想知道这些有天赋

的狗在什么情况下可以学习新单词。）可知研究的目的是想探索出狗在什么情况下可以学习新

单词。应选D。

28.C［解析］细节理解题。根据第五段“Infact,whentheywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynew

nametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedand

failed.w（事实上，当给它们一个同样的新名字来测试它们通过名字识别玩具的能力时，狗完

全困惑了，并失败了。）可知，在第一种环境下狗非常的困惑。应选C。

29.B［解析］推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayed

withtheirownerswhopronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethe

successfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,evenafterhearingitonly4times.”（另一种情况是社

会性的，在这种情况下，狗狗和它们的主人一起玩耍，主人在和狗狗玩耍的同时念出了玩具

的名字。结果证明，即使只听了4次，狗狗也能成功地记住玩具的名字。）可推出，在社会性

条件下可以帮助狗狗学习新的单词。应选B。

30.A［解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchers

astheyhavefoundthattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthem

onlyfourtimes."（想知道狗狗能不能学会新单词吗?是的，研究人员称，因为他们发现，聪

明的狗狗可能只听四次就能掌握新单词。）以及文章中的案例，可知本篇文章主要讲述的是有

天赋的狗能快速学习新单词。应选A。

第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtothefront,

andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.

Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutand

offtotheparkinglot.31

Itturnsout,ifsjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.

Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwith

minimumdelay.32Anysmallinterruption-apricecheck,achattycustomer-canhave

downstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.

Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkaboutthe

probability:33Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.

Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snaking

line-calledaserpentineline-andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.34

Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatone

registerwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittle

bitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.

35Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'tafford

thespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.

A.Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?

B.Sowhydon*tmostplacesencourageseipentinelines?

C.Someofthemayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.

D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.

E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?

F.Withthreeregisters,thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.

G.Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.

【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方

式，并分析了各自的利弊。

31.A下文“Itturnsout,ifsjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.（原

来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）〃解释了上文“Youchosewrong.（你

选错了）〃的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，应选A

项。

32.G上文“Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthrough

withminimumdelay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结

账“解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Anysmallinterruptionapricecheck,achatty

customer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.（任何——个小小的中断，——个

价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）〃描述了杂货店

的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，应选G项。

33.D根据上文“Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.

（如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）〃联系下文"So"snotjustin

yourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍

可能移动得更快。）〃可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的

几率只有三分之一。应选D项。

34.F根据“上文Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.（我们得知研究人员有一个很好

的方法来处理这个问题）“以及下文"Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.

Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedup

behindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonelittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.（这个大多数

银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地

惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）〃说明这个新

方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比拟。应选F项。

35.B结合下文“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan*taffordthe

spaceormanpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担

不起空间和人力。）〃说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“Ittakesmany

registerstokeeponelinemovingquickly.（保持•条生产线的快速运转）”可知这里描述的是不

鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。应选B项。

第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值45分）

第一节（共20小题；每题分，总分值30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正

确选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

Even15yearsaftermygrandfathersdeath,heisstillfollowingmearound,36inmyearon

whattodo.HeisstilltheBritish-accented37inmyhead,givingmeanodof38formy

rightchoice,andraisinganeyebrow39hedisagreeswithsomethingFmdoing.Hiswiseand

optimisticviews40toaffectmylife.

Mygrandfatherwalked10,000steps41everyday,andnotbecausehehada$100fitness

tracker42himtodoso.Insteadof“exercising,“heworkedinhisgarden,43vegetables

thatkeptourfamilythroughmanywintersandrosesthatwerethejoyofmanysummers.

Hewasgoodtothe44inthewaythatpeopleusedtobebeforetheyhadtobetolditwasthe

45_thingtodo.Actually,henever46acarorlearnedtodrive,sohewalkedeverywherehe

couldandtookabustherestofthetime.

Aftermygrandmotherdied,Iusedtogoand17withhimonweekends.Wewalkedaround,

chattedtotheneighbors,andwenttothe48fbrfoodandmilk.OccasionallyIwould49a

littlecakeforhiminhiskitchen.Attheendoftheday,beforehe50thelight,hewouldsay,“That

wasa（a）51day.Ienjoyedeveryminuteofit.〃Ineverdoubtedforamomentthathe52

it.

Inthemorning,I'd53tohiswhistlinginthekitchendownstairs（usuallyitwasRaindrops

KeepFallingonMrHead）.Atthetime,it54me-Iamnotamorningperson-butnowFdgive

anythingtohearthat55onemoretime.

36.A.singingB.ringingC.whisperingD.asking

37.A.adviserB.storytellerC.professorD.director

38.A.thanksB.greetingC.approvalD.confidence

39.A.untilB.thoughC.unlessD.when

40.A.failB.continueC.happe