河北省张家口市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1河北省张家口市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末试题英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Readmorebooks.B.Makemorefriends.C.Learntousesocialmedia.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Visitingabuilding.B.Interviewingafarmer.C.Takingcareofanimals.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheclassroom.B.Intheoffice.C.Atthewoman'shome.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Noisepollution.B.Waterpollution.C.Wastepollution.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Fixthelights.B.Repainttheroom.C.Openallthewindows.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Theticketsmightbesoldout.B.Shemightbelatefortheopening.C.Theymightfailtopaywiththemobilephone.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotoanothertheater.B.Waitinanotherline.C.Watchanothermovie.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatdoesJohnthinkofworkingintheoffice?A.Itismorefun.B.Itisquitenoisy.C.Itistoobusy.9.WhatdoesAliceprobablyliketododuringlunchbreaks?A.Talkwithothers.B.Restintheoffice.C.Takeawalk.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatwasMrs.Whitedoingat10:00p.m.yesterday?A.Makingthebed.B.Playingwithherkids.C.Waitingforherhusband.11.Whathappenedafterthelightwentout?A.Atablewasbroken.B.Noisecamefromabove.C.Someonefelloffthechair.12.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Asalesman.B.Arepairman.C.Apoliceman.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wherearethebones?A.Onabeach.B.Inamuseum.C.Inaschool.14.Howdoesthewomanknowtheinformationabouttheheavybone?A.Fromherteacher.B.FromtheInternet.C.Fromthehistorybook.15.Whatanimalisthelittleboneprobablyfromaccordingtothewoman?A.Ashark.B.Acow.C.Adinosaur.16.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Curious.B.Disappointed.C.Excited.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Togiveinstructions.B.Tosellmoretickets.C.Toexpressthankstothestaff.18.Wherearetherestrooms?A.Intheyellowlinearea.B.Attheendofawalkway.C.Attheleftsideofthestage.19.Whichparkinglothasextraparkingspaces?A.Thenorthlot.B.Theeastlot.C.Thewestlot.20.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthelistenerstodo?A.Calltheirneighbors.B.Beconsideratetoothers.C.Taketheirkidstothestage.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIsthereanytruthbehindthesaying“Youarewhatyoueat”?Weputthistothetestbyaskingthreepeopletoopentheirfridgedoorsandtalkabouttheirlifestyles.Jenny31TeacherMyhusbandandIavoidallproductsthatcomefromanimals.Thismeanswedon’teatmeat.Welikecookingathomeandmakeourmealsfromfresh,seasonalfruitandvegetables.Cookingtogethergivesusachancetorelaxandcatchuponeachother’sdays.Ifwehavechildren,Iwanttobringthemupjustlikeus,butmyhusbandsaysthateveryoneshouldbeabletomaketheirownlifestylechoices.Ted35ConstructionworkerEachdayattheconstructionsiteismoreorlessthesame—tiring!WhenIgetbackhome,there’snothingmoresatisfyingthanabigmeatdinner.IguessI’vealwaysbeenabigmeateaterandinthishouse,nofamilymealiscompletewithoutsomeformofmeat.Istilldon’tthinkthatanythingcanbeatmymum’shomemadesausages,though.Mike49ChefWithfivechildren,we’reonebigfamily!MywifeandIbothworkfull-time,solifecangetprettybusy!LikealotofchefsIknow,Idon’treallydomuchcookingathome.SometimesIbringhomefoodfromtherestaurantwhereIwork.Onceaweek,wedoabigshopandbuyalotoffrozenfood.Iknowweshouldeatmorefreshfruitandvegetables,butreadymealsaresoconvenient.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJenny?A.Shelikesreadymeals. B.Shehaschildrentobringup.C.Sheenjoysvegetable-freedinners. D.Sheenjoyscookingtogetherwithherhusband.2.WhatmightMikesay?A.Myfridgeisfilledwithmeat.B.Asachef,Idon’tneedsomuchfrozenfood.C.Iprovidefreshfruitandvegetablesformychildren.D.It’sconvenienttoeatfoodbroughtfrommyworkplace.3.Whatisthetypeofthetext?A.Interviewnotes. B.Acookingguide.C.Anadvertisement. D.Productintroductions.〖答案〗1.D2.D3.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要以老师Jenny、建筑工人Ted和厨师Mike的家庭饮食习惯为例，说明“人如其食”这句话背后的道理。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“Jenny31Teacher”下文中的“Welikecookingathomeandmakeourmealsfromfresh,seasonalfruitandvegetables.Cookingtogethergivesusachancetorelaxandcatchuponeachother’sdays.(我们喜欢在家做饭，用新鲜的时令水果和蔬菜做饭。一起做饭让我们有机会放松和叙旧)”可知，珍妮喜欢和丈夫一起做饭。故选D。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据“Mike49Chef”下文中的“SometimesIbringhomefoodfromtherestaurantwhereIwork.(有时我会从我工作的餐馆带食物回家。)”以及“Iknowweshouldeatmorefreshfruitandvegetables,butreadymealsaresoconvenient.(我知道我们应该多吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜，但即食食品很方便。)”可知，迈克认为即食食品很方便，有时会从自己工作的餐馆带回食物；由此可推测，迈克会说吃工作场所带来的食物很方便。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Isthereanytruthbehindthesaying“Youarewhatyoueat”?Weputthistothetestbyaskingthreepeopletoopentheirfridgedoorsandtalkabouttheirlifestyles.(‘人如其食’这句话背后有什么道理吗？我们通过让三个人打开冰箱门，谈论他们的生活方式来测试这一点。)”以及文章内容可知，本文记录了三位被采访者的家庭饮食习惯，文章是一篇采访记录。故选A。BIt’sMarchinAfrica.Onthefarm,localpeoplearedancingandsingingtocelebratetheirrecentharvest.Theirhardworkhaspaidoffandgotbeautifulfruit—whiteandfragrantrice!ThisistheSecondFarminXai-Xai.Mozambique,whereYiYunhasbeenworkingforsixyears.The37-year-oldfromLiaoning,China.followedhisChinesecompanyhereasaprojectmanager.Thecompanyrunsaprojecttogrowriceonthefarm,whichcoversabout1,667hectares.“Whenwefirstarrivedin2017,thefarmwasfullofweeds(杂草),astallasaman,”saidYi.Afterclearingtheweeds,thecompanybegantoteachlocalsfarmingskills.“Wetaughtthemhowtodrivetractors(拖拉机)andharvesters,andhowtogrowricestepbystepincludingsowingseedsandsprayingpesticide.”Since2000,whentheForumonChina-AfricaCooperationstarted,anincreasingnumberofChinesecompaniesandorganizationshavegonetoAfricatoworkintheagricultureindustry.“Webringinnewtechniques,equipmentandhigh-qualityseeds,”saidYi.“Localpeoplearehappythatweareherebecausewenotonlyhelpthemsolvefoodproblemsbutalsoprovidejobopportunities,”saidYi.“Ourfarmcanemploy500to1,000localpeople.Theirlivingconditionshavebeengreatlyimprovedinrecentyears.Somefamilieshaveevenboughttelevisionsandfridges.”“Africanpeoplearejustashard-workingastheChineseandalsowanttopursueabetterlife.Whattheyneedismoreopportunities,whichChinaisnowhelpingwith.I’mproudofwhatmycountryisdoing,”Yisaid.4.Whatdoesparagraph1describe?A.Acelebrationscene. B.Atradingscene.C.Aworkingscene. D.Aharvestscene.5.WhatdidYiYunseewhenhefirstarrivedatthefarminMozambique?A.Oldtractors. B.Tallweeds. C.Localfarmers. D.Ricefields.6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutYiYun’scompany?A.ItstartedaprojectinMozambiquein2000.B.ItsufferedfromfoodshortageinMozambique.C.ItsellselectricalappliancestopeopleinMozambique.D.IthascontributedtotheagriculturedevelopmentofMozambique.7.WhatdoesYiYunthinkofAfricanpeople?A.Theyshouldgetbetter-paidjobs.B.Theyareproudoftheirowncountry.C.Theyneedopportunitiestocreateabetterlife.D.TheyhavelearnedfromtheChinesetobehard-working.〖答案〗4.A5.B6.D7.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自2000年中非合作论坛成立以来，越来越多的中国公司和组织前往非洲从事农业工作，为非洲人民提供帮助。【4题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Onthefarm,localpeoplearedancingandsingingtocelebratetheirrecentharvest.Theirhardworkhaspaidoffandgotbeautifulfruit—whiteandfragrantrice!(在农场里，当地人载歌载舞，庆祝他们最近的收成。他们的辛勤劳动得到了回报，结出了美丽的果实——又白又香的水稻！)”可知，本段描述了非洲人民在丰收之后载歌载舞，庆祝的场景。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenwefirstarrivedin2017,thefarmwasfullofweeds(杂草),astallasaman,(2017年我们刚到的时候，农场里杂草丛生，和人一样高)”可知，易云第一次来到莫桑比克的农场时，看到了像人一样高的杂草。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterclearingtheweeds,thecompanybegantoteachlocalsfarmingskills.“Wetaughtthemhowtodrivetractorsandharvesters,andhowtogrowricestepbystepincludingsowingseedsandsprayingpesticide.”(清除杂草后，该公司开始向当地人传授农业技能。“我们教他们如何驾驶拖拉机和收割机，以及如何一步一步种植水稻，包括播种和喷洒农药。”)”以及第四段““Webringinnewtechniques,equipmentandhigh-qualityseeds,”saidYi.(易说：“我们引进了新技术、新设备和优质种子。”)”可知，易云的公司为莫桑比亚的农业发展做出很大的贡献。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Africanpeoplearejustashard-workingastheChineseandalsowanttopursueabetterlife.Whattheyneedismoreopportunities,whichChinaisnowhelpingwith.(非洲人民和中国人一样努力工作，也希望追求更好的生活。他们需要的是更多的机会，而中国现在正在帮助他们)”可知，易云认为非洲人民需要更多的机会，来创造更好的生活。故选C。CEsperanto(世界语)wascreatedinthelate1800sbyLudwikLejzerZamenhof,aPolishmedicaldoctor.Healonebuiltthebasisforthelanguageandhelpedintroduceitintotheworld.ThoughZamenhof’sprofessionwasaphysician,hewasnoamateur(外行)inlanguages.ZamenholsaidRussianwashismothertongue—theareaofPolandhelivedinwasthenpartoftheRussianFederation—buthegenerallyspokePolisheveryday.EvidencealsoshowsthathelearnedYiddishfromhismotherandthathestudiedGerman,English,Spanlsh,Lithuanian,ItalianandFrench.Inaddition,ZamenhoflearnedtheclassicallanguagesHebrew,LatinandAramaicinschool.Esperantowasnotthefirstconstructedlanguagehe’ddealtwith.First,helearnedabitofVolapuk(沃拉普克语),whichwasinventedinGermanyadecadebeforeEsperanto.HavingcommandofsomanylanguageshadagreatimpactonhiscreationofEsperanto,whichwasZamenhof’s14thlanguage.Duringhislife,Zamenhofbecameextremelyinterestedintheideaofcreatingatolerantworld,freefromthehorrors(恐怖)ofwar.Hedreamedofadaywhenpeoplecouldcometogether.Tomakethisworldareality,hedecidedthebestthinghecoulddowasmakeaninternationallanguage.Itwouldnotbeanyone’smothertongue,butpeoplecanquicklylearnitasasecondlanguagetomakeconversationeasilywithpeoplefromanywhereintheworld.WhywouldZamenhofcreateEsperantowhenEnglishbasicallyalreadywasusedasaninternationallanguage?TheproblemisthatusingEnglishgivesahugeadvantagetopeopleandplacesthatalreadyspeakEnglish.Esperantotriestobypasspoliticalandculturalproblemsbybeinganeutral(中性的)language.YetEsperantoisnotwithoutflaw.ItwasstronglyinfluencedbyEuropeanlanguage,whichcanputpeoplewhospeakAsianlanguagesatadistinctdisadvantageinlearningandspeakingEsperanto.Esperanto’ssimplerulesmightmakeiteasiertolearnthanotherlanguagesforanAsianspeaker,butitstilllosessomeofits“neutrality”.8.WhichlanguagewasZamenhof’smothertongue?A.Russian. B.German. C.Spanish. D.Italian.9.ZamenhofwasabletocreateEsperantobecause________.A.hehadmasteredVolapuk B.hehadbeentomanycountriesC.hewasanamateurinlearninglanguages D.hewasinfluencedbythe13languageshehadlearnt10.WhatgaveZamenhoftheideaofcreatingEsperanto?A.Hisfamilybackground. B.Hisdesireforapeacefulworld.C.Hisinterestinclassicallanguages. D.Hisexperienceasaninternationalstudent.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flaw”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Significance. B.Difficulty. C.Weakness. D.Contribution.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.B11.C【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了波兰医生LudwikLejzerZamenhof创造了世界语，他独自建立了这门语言的基础，并帮助将其介绍给世界。讲述了他创造这一语言背后的原因以及意义。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ZamenholsaidRussianwashismothertongue—theareaofPolandhelivedinwasthenpartoftheRussianFederation—buthegenerallyspokePolisheveryday.(Zamenhof说，俄语是他的母语——他居住的波兰地区当时是俄罗斯联邦的一部分——但他基本上每天都说波兰语)”可知，Zamenhof的母语是俄语。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“HavingcommandofsomanylanguageshadagreatimpactonhiscreationofEsperanto,whichwasZamenhof’s14thlanguage.(掌握如此多的语言对他创作世界语有很大的影响，世界语是Zamenhof的第14种语言)”可知，Zamenhof能够创造世界语是因为他受到他学过的13种语言的影响。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Duringhislife,Zamenhofbecameextremelyinterestedintheideaofcreatingatolerantworld,freefromthehorrors(恐怖)ofwar.(在他的一生中，Zamenhof对创造一个没有战争恐怖的宽容世界的想法产生了极大的兴趣)”可知，对世界和平的渴望让Zamenhof产生了创造世界语的想法。故选B。【11题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“ItwasstronglyinfluencedbyEuropeanlanguage,whichcanputpeoplewhospeakAsianlanguagesatadistinctdisadvantageinlearningandspeakingEsperanto.”可知，世界语受到欧洲语言的强烈影响，这使得说亚洲语言的人在学习和说世界语时处于明显的劣势，即世界语并非没有缺点。故划线词意思是“缺点”。故选C。DFromwritingShakespeare-stylepoetrytomakingmusic,ChatGPThasamazedheworldsinceitslaunchinlate2022bytheUS-basedcompanyOpenAI.ItevenpassedseverallawexamsinfourcoursesattheUnlversityofMinnesota,US.TheAIprogramcananswerquestionsonawholehostoftopicsandwriteessays,storiesandanyotherwrittentextsyoucanthinkof.Itdoesthisbydrawingoninformationcollectedfromalargecorpus(语料库)oftextdata.WhatmakesChatGPTsoimpressive?AsSamAltman,theCEOofOpenAIsaidnaninterview,“It’snotactuallyafundamentallynewtechnologythatmadethis(ChatGPT)haveamoment.”AccordingtoMITTechnologyReview,ChatGPTisbasedonGPT-3,alargelanguagemodel.Becausetextsaremorecomplexthanthemeaningofeverywordcombined,languagemodelsrequireatypeofneuralnetwork(神经网络)thatcanmakesenseoftexts.Onebreakthroughbehindtoday’smodelisanetworkcalledTransformer,whichwasinventedbyGoogleresearchersin2017.Theneuralnetworkcaninferwordmeaningsbytrackingwherethewordappearsinasentence.Transformercanthereforegatherthemeaningoftextsmoreaccurately.TheGPTmodelswerebuiltbyOpenAIcombinedTransformerwithunsupervised(无人指导的)learning,meaningthatthemodelscanlearnbythemselveswithoutbeingtoldwhattolookat.ChatGPTcannowgeneratehuman-likeresponsesinstantlyduetothelargescale(规模)oftextsItmadesenseofandlearnedfrom.“OneofthebiggestproblemswithChatGPTisthatitcomesback,veryconfidently,withfalsities,”MichaelWooldridgeattheAlanTuringInstituteinLondon,UK.ThismeansthatChatGPTdoesn’tknowthetruthabouttheworld—itlearnsinformationfromvariousresourcesbutItcannotdecidewhatistrueorfalse.Asforeducation,manyUSschoolsrecentlybannedstudentsfromusingChatGPTonschoolnetworksbecausestudentsbegantouseitasashortcutforessays.12.WhataspectofChatGPTismostimpressive?A.Theneuralnetwork. B.Thelargetextdatabase.C.Theabilitytocombinewords. D.Theapplicationoftechnology.13.WhatisthekeytoChatGPT’sresponselikehumans?A.Data-basedcommunication. B.Learningfrommassesoftexts.C.Human-guidedmachinelearning. D.Collectingtextsforalargecorpus.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardChatGPT?A.Supportive. B.Confused. C.Objective. D.Confident.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsChatGPTaGoodTranslator?B.ShouldChatGPTbeBannedatSchool?C.CanChatGPTChooseTrueInformation?D.WillChatGPTbetheWonderofModernTechnology?〖答案〗12.A13.B14.C15.D【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT的工作原理以及带来的负面影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Becausetextsaremorecomplexthanthemeaningofeverywordcombined,languagemodelsrequireatypeofneuralnetwork(神经网络)thatcanmakesenseoftexts.(由于文本比每个单词的含义加起来更复杂，语言模型需要一种能够理解文本的神经网络)”可知，ChatGPT有能够理解文本的神经网络是让人印象深刻的方面。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“TheAIprogramcananswerquestionsonawholehostoftopicsandwriteessays,storiesandanyotherwrittentextsyoucanthinkof.(人工智能程序可以回答一系列主题的问题，并撰写文章、故事和你能想到的任何其他书面文本)”，第三段“Becausetextsaremorecomplexthanthemeaningofeverywordcombined,languagemodelsrequireatypeofneuralnetwork(神经网络)thatcanmakesenseoftexts.(由于文本比每个单词的含义加起来更复杂，语言模型需要一种能够理解文本的神经网络)”以及第五段“TheGPTmodelswerebuiltbyOpenAIcombinedTransformerwithunsupervised(无人指导的)learning,meaningthatthemodelscanlearnbythemselveswithoutbeingtoldwhattolookat.(GPT模型是由OpenAI将Transformer与无监督学习相结合构建的，这意味着模型可以自己学习，而无需被告知要看什么)”可推知，ChatGPT使用的语言模型能够理解文本，有了理解力，ChatGPT在大量的学习后就表现得像人了。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。文章的前五段描述了ChatGPT的工作原理以以及它的技术上的优势。最后一段““OneofthebiggestproblemswithChatGPTisthatitcomesback,veryconfidently,withfalsities,”MichaelWooldridgeattheAlanTuringInstituteinLondon,UK.ThismeansthatChatGPTdoesn’tknowthetruthabouttheworld—itlearnsinformationfromvariousresourcesbutItcannotdecidewhatistrueorfalse.Asforeducation,manyUSschoolsrecentlybannedstudentsfromusingChatGPTonschoolnetworksbecausestudentsbegantouseitasashortcutforessays.(英国伦敦艾伦图灵研究所的MichaelWooldridge说：“ChatGPT最大的问题之一是，它非常自信地带着虚假信息回来了。”这意味着ChatGPT不知道世界的真相——它从各种资源中学习信息，但无法决定什么是真的或假的。至于教育，许多美国学校最近禁止学生在学校网络上使用ChatGPT，因为学生们开始将其作为作文的快捷方式)”可知，最后一段阐述了ChatGPT所产生的负面影响。由此推知，作者对ChatGPT态度是客观的。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“FromwritingShakespeare-stylepoetrytomakingmusic,ChatGPThasamazedheworldsinceitslaunchinlate2022bytheUS-basedcompanyOpenAI.ItevenpassedseverallawexamsinfourcoursesattheUnlversityofMinnesota,US.(从创作莎士比亚风格的诗歌到制作音乐，自2022年末由美国OpenAI公司推出以来，ChatGPT一直让世界惊叹不已。它甚至通过了美国明尼苏达大学四门课程的几次法律考试)”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述了ChatGPT自从被发明以来，给人们能带来了不少的惊喜，以及介绍了它的工作原理，技术上的优势以及带来的负面影响。由此可知，“ChatGPT会成为现代技术的奇迹吗？”适合作本文的标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.6分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Acupuncture(针灸),anancientChinesemedicalpractice,hasbeenthesolutionforcountlesspatientsforthousandsofyears.___16___Overtime,thisnaturalpracticegraduallydevelopedintoathoroughanddeepmedicalsystem,formingthebasisofacupuncture.Acupunctureisawaytohelpthebodyrecoveritselfbyusingthinneedlesincertainpartsofthebody.___17___ItsmedicalideasmatchtraditionalChinesemedicine’sphilosophicalbeliefs.Thesebeliefsfocusontreatingthewholeperson,keepingbodilyfunctionsbalanced,andpromotinggoodhealth.___18___Theyincludeneedleinsertion(针刺),cuppingandscraping(刮痧).Needleinsertion,themostcommonmethod,iscarriedoutbyinsertinghair-thinneedlesintospecificpointsonthebodythatchannelvitalenergy(theqi).Practitionersusethinneedlestohelpthebody’senergyflowbetter,fixthebalancebetweenyinandyang,andmakethebodyworkbetteronitsown.Theygentlymovetheneedlesaroundindifferentwaystodothis.Acupunctureoffersawaytotreatthewholeperson.Inadditiontoitsphysicalbenefits,acupuncturealsoprovidesemotionalandpsychologicalsupport.___19___Theprocessofreceivingacupunctureinvolvesrelaxationandmeditation,whichcanfurtherimproveitstherapeutic(治疗的)effects.___20___Overtheyears’acupuncturehasseenmanyimprovementsinscientificresearchandmodernmedicine.Itisnowwidelyacceptedasamainstreamtreatmentoptionforvarioushealthconditions.Accordingtoa2019WHOreport,acupunctureisusedin113ofits120membercountries.A.Practicescanvaryinforms.B.Acupunctureisusedworldwide.C.Acupunctureisapowerfulandeffectiveformoftherapy.D.Acupuncturedoesworkandmanypeoplehavebeencuredbyit.E.Atthebeginning,ancientChineseusedstonetoolstohelpwithpain.F.Manypeoplefindithelpfulinreducingstress,anxiety,anddepression.G.Ithelpsthebodyworkbetterandimprovesitsnaturalabilitytorecover.〖答案〗16.E17.G18.A19.F20.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了针灸的起源与发展、医学原理、常见形式、疗效和目前的接受情况。【16题详析】前文“Acupuncture(针灸),anancientChinesemedicalpractice,hasbeenthesolutionforcountlesspatientsforthousandsofyears.(针灸，一种古老的中国医学实践，几千年来一直是无数病人的解决方案)”引出针灸的话题，说明针灸历史悠久，后文“Overtime,thisnaturalpracticegraduallydevelopedintoathoroughanddeepmedicalsystem,formingthebasisofacupuncture.(随着时间的推移，这种自然的实践逐渐发展成为一个彻底而深入的医疗系统，形成了针灸的基础)”描述了针灸的发展，因此E项“Atthebeginning,ancientChineseusedstonetoolstohelpwithpain.(一开始，中国古人用石器来止痛)”符合语境，介绍针灸的起源，承前启后，其中的Atthebeginning和后文的Overtime呼应。故选E。【17题详析】前文“Acupunctureisawaytohelpthebodyrecoveritselfbyusingthinneedlesincertainpartsofthebody.(针灸是一种通过在身体的某些部位使用细针来帮助身体自我恢复的方法)”介绍针灸的原理，因此G项“Ithelpsthebodyworkbetterandimprovesitsnaturalabilitytorecover.(它可以帮助身体更好地工作，提高身体的自然恢复能力)”符合语境，说明针灸的作用，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的Acupuncture，improvesitsnaturalabilitytorecover和前文的helpthebodyrecoveritself呼应。故选G。【18题详析】空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“Theyincludeneedleinsertion(针刺),cuppingandscraping(刮痧).Needleinsertion,themostcommonmethod,iscarriedoutbyinsertinghair-thinneedlesintospecificpointsonthebodythatchannelvitalenergy(theqi).(它们包括针刺、拔火罐和刮痧。针刺是最常见的方法，通过将头发细的针插入身体上的特定点来引导生命能量（气）)”可知，本段主要说明针灸的不同形式，并介绍最常见的针刺，因此A项“Practicescanvaryinforms.(实践可以有多种形式)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选A。【19题详析】前文“Acupunctureoffersawaytotreatthewholeperson.Inadditiontoitsphysicalbenefits,acupuncturealsoprovidesemotionalandpsychologicalsupport.(针灸提供了一种治疗整个人的方法。除了身体上的好处，针灸还提供情感和心理上的支持)”说明针灸具有治疗身心的双重作用，因此F项“Manypeoplefindithelpfulinreducingstress,anxiety,anddepression.(许多人发现它有助于减轻压力、焦虑和抑郁)”符合语境，介绍针灸对于心理问题的疗效，承接前文。故选F。【20题详析】空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“Overtheyears,acupuncturehasseenmanyimprovementsinscientificresearchandmodernmedicine.Itisnowwidelyacceptedasamainstreamtreatmentoptionforvarioushealthconditions.Accordingtoa2019WHOreport,acupunctureisusedin113ofits120membercountries.(多年来，针灸在科学研究和现代医学中取得了许多进步。它现在被广泛接受为各种健康状况的主流治疗选择。根据世卫组织2019年的一份报告，在其120个成员国中，有113个国家使用针灸)”可知，本段主要介绍针灸在进步，甚至逐渐被国外接受，因此B项“Acupunctureisusedworldwide.(针灸在世界范围内使用)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JohnandMarywereapproachingtheirhometownbycarwhentheynoticedsomesmoke.Marysaid.“Oh,well,itisn’tourhouseon___21___.Let’sgohome.”John,however,___22___upandtheywerebothhorror-strickento___23___thewholehousewasburning.Awomanwas___24___,“Thechildren!Getthechildren!”Johngrabbedher,“Wherearethey?”“Inthebasement,”shecried.DespiteMary’s___25___,Johnquicklysoaked(浸湿)hisclothesandrantothebasementwhichwasfullofsmokeandextremely___26___.Hefoundthedoorand___27___twochildren,holdingoneundereacharm.Ashe___28___,hecouldhearsomemorewhimpering(抽泣).He___29___thetwobadlyfrightenedchildrenintothearmsofthepeople____30____outside,askinghowmanymorechildrenweredownthere.Theytoldhimtwomore.Marywantedtostophimagain,“John!Don’tgoback!Thathousewill____31____inanysecond!”Buthewentbackanyway.Ittookhimaverylongtimetofindthetwochildren.Theythreewereall____32____andtheybenttogetsome____33____air.Astheystumbled(蹒跚而行)uptheendlesssteps,somethingstrangely____34____wentthroughhismind.Thelittlebodieshehadjust____35____werehisownchildren.21.A.sale B.fire C.air D.duty22.A.showed B.walked C.drove D.climbed23.A.see B.cover C.check D.explain24.A.joking B.noting C.arguing D.screaming25.A.encouragement B.opposition C.agreement D.judgement26.A.noisy B.wet C.hot D.small27.A.grabbed B.invited C.touched D.beat28.A.left B.rested C.fell D.wandered29.A.cast B.delivered C.pulled D.changed30.A.running B.waving C.aching D.waiting31.A.burn B.appear C.collapse D.expand32.A.laughing B.coughing C.crying D.whispering33.A.warm B.smelly C.fresh D.dirty34.A.sad B.exciting C.happy D.familiar35.A.treated B.buried C.lost D.rescued〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.A29.B30.D31.C32.B33.C34.D35.D【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了不顾玛丽的反对，约翰坚持去着火的地下室救人，最后发现他救到了自己的孩子。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：哦，好吧，不是我们的房子着火了。A.sale出售；B.fire火；C.air空气；D.duty责任。根据上文“JohnandMarywereapproachingtheirhometownbycarwhentheynoticedsomesmoke.”以及下文“thewholehousewasburning”可知，整栋房子都在燃烧，此处表示玛丽说不是自己的房子着火了。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，约翰开车过来，看到整栋房子都在燃烧，他们都吓坏了。A.showed显示；B.walked步行；C.drove驾驶；D.climbed爬。根据上文“JohnandMarywereapproachingtheirhometownbycar”可知，约翰和玛丽在开车，所以此处表示约翰开车过来。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，约翰开车过来，看到整栋房子都在燃烧，他们都吓坏了。A.see见；B.cover覆盖；C.check检查；D.explain解释。根据下文“thewholehousewasburning”以及语境可知，此处表示他们看到整栋房子都在燃烧。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个女人正在尖叫，“孩子们！救救孩子们！”A.joking开玩笑；B.noting注意到；C.arguing争论；D.screaming尖叫。根据下文“Thechildren!Getthechildren!”以及语境可知，房子着火了，所以这个女人在尖叫，希望有人去救孩子们。故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：约翰不顾玛丽的反对，迅速把衣服浸湿，跑到烟雾弥漫、酷热难耐的地下室。A.encouragement鼓励；B.opposition反对；C.agreement协议；D.judgement判断。根据上文“Marysaid.“Oh,well,itisn’tourhouseon______.Let’sgohome.””以及下文“Marywantedtostophimagain,”可知，此处表示玛丽认为着火的不是自己的房子，想要回家，此时玛丽反对约翰去救人。故选B项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰不顾玛丽的反对，迅速把衣服浸湿，跑到烟雾弥漫、酷热难耐的地下室。A.noisy嘈杂的；B.wet湿的；C.hot热的；D.small小的。根据上文“thewholehousewasburning”以及常识可知，着火后，房子会变得充满烟，并且很热。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他找到门，抓住两个孩子，每个胳膊下夹着一个。A.grabbed抓住；B.invited邀请；C.touched触摸；D.beat击败。根据下文“twochildren,holdingoneundereacharm.”可知，此处表示约翰抓住两个孩子，每个胳膊下边夹着一个孩子。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他离开时，他能听到更多的呜咽声。A.left离开；B.rested休息；C.fell下降；D.wandered游荡。根据下文“hecouldhearsomemorewhimpering.He______thetwobadlyfrightenedchildrenintothearmsofthepeople______outside,”可知，此处表示在约翰离开火场时，他听到了更多的哭声，所以他把两个孩子送出去后，询问地下室还有多少孩子。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把两个吓坏了的孩子抱到外面等着的人怀里，问下面还有多少孩子。A.cast投掷；B.delivered移交；C.pulled拉；D.changed改变。根据下文“thetwobadlyfrightenedchildrenintothearmsofthepeople______outside”以及语境可知，约翰从地下室救了两个孩子后，将孩子们移交到外面人们的怀里。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把两个吓坏了的孩子抱到外面等着的人怀里，问下面还有多少孩子。A.running运行；B.waving挥动；C.aching疼痛；D.waiting等待。根据上文“Awomanwas_____,“Thechildren!Getthechildren!””可知，在约翰去救人时，有人在外边等候。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那房子马上就会倒塌！A.burn燃烧；B.appear出现；C.collapse倒塌；D.expand扩大。根据上文“thewholehousewasburning”以及语境可推知，整栋房子都在燃烧，玛丽再次阻止约翰时，会说房子马上就会倒塌。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们三个都在咳嗽，弯下腰呼吸新鲜空气。A.laughing大笑；B.coughing咳嗽；C.crying哭泣；D.whispering窃窃私语。根据上文“Johnquicklysoaked(浸湿)hisclothesandrantothebasementwhichwasfullofsmokeandextremely_____.”以及常识可知，地下室里都是烟，所以三人都在咳嗽。故选B项。【33题详析