人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT 3 Period 4课时作业含答案

UNIT3PeriodFour基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Howmuchspaceiseach______________(目录)inthefilesystemusing?2．MrLisoondefeatedhis________(对手)withhissharpwordsandwonthespeechcompetitionintheend.3．Thecaptaincarefully________(记录)whathadhappenedonthevoyageeveryday.4．Theyoungmanwastakenawaybythepolicebecausehewasundersuspicionof____________(谋杀).5．Thethiefwas________(逮捕)bythepolicelastweekforstealingthingsintheshop.【答案】1．directory2．opponent3．logged4．murder5．arrestedⅡ.短语填空beresponsiblefor，lookinto，setsail，withdrawfrom，pressconference，inhand，bebasedon，awiderangeof1．Dwightdecided__________________thecommitteeandjoinupwiththeopposition.2．MrLihas________________knowledge.That’swhyhislessonsareoftenlivelyandinteresting.3．Thecompanyheldaseriesof__________________toannouncetheirnewproductline.4．Theboydidalotofresearchonlineandfinallyfinishedhisessay________adequateevidence.5．ShethankedTomverymuchforhiskindness，andbegantoprepare________________forEngland.6．InthefamouspaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival，atakeawaywaitercanbeseenwithfood__________．7．Thewoman________thewindow，butfoundnobodyintheoffice.8．Everybodymust________whattheydoandwhattheysayintheirlifeandwork.【答案】1．towithdrawfrom2．awiderangeof3．pressconferences4．basedon5．tosetsail6．inhand7．lookedinto8．beresponsibleforⅢ.完成句子1．GreatprogresshasbeenmadeinChinaandChina________________________________inmanyfieldsinthescientificworld.中国近年来取得了巨大的进步，在科技界的许多领域都处于领先地位。2．Theboy______________________________hislessonsatschool.在学校，这个男孩的功课学得的确好。3．Shehadhopedtogeta“fullmark”inthistest，__________________________shehadleftoneproblemundone.她原本希望这次考试会得满分，结果却发现还有一道题没有做。4．Hedecided__________________thecompetitionduetopersonalreasons.由于个人原因，他决定退出比赛。【答案】1．takesthelead2．doesdowellin3．onlytofind4．towithdrawfrom提升练Ⅰ.七选五EnhanceYourWellbeinginNatureNaturereducesouranger，fear，anddepressionandincreasesourpositivemoodandpsychologicalwellbeing.Timeinnaturealsobringsusoutofourselvesandournarrowconcernsandconnectsustoalargerworldwherewefindbeautyandinterest.__1__Itisclearthatitisimportanttogetoutside!__2__Butevenifyouliveinanurbanarea，spendtimeinyouryardorfindaparkoragreenspacewithtreesandbushes.Gooutsideduringyourlunchhourifyoucantogeta“breathoffreshair”andgiveyourmindabreak.__3__Weallknowthelonglistofphysical，mental，andemotionalbenefitsofexercise.Exerciseimprovesattentionintheyoungandcognitivefunctioningintheold.Itreducesstressandactsasanantidepressant.__4__Butmuchasweknowallthesebenefits，wecan’talwaysmotivateourselvestoexerciseregularly.Thisiswherenaturecanhelp.Anappealingplacetowalkorbikecangetusoffourseatsandmoving.Andoncewestart，thebeautyofnaturalsurroundingskeepsusmotivatedtocontinue.__5__Aseriesofstudiesshowedthatwalkinginforests，asopposedtourbanenvironments，loweredbloodpressureandstresshormoneswellbeyondthetimeofthewalk.Sofindsomewherewithtrees，bushes，wildgrassesorflowers，water，andothersuchnaturalelementsandgoforawalkorrunorbike.Gardeningisanotherwonderfulwaytobeactiveoutside.A．Ifyoucangettothecountry，oralake，that’swonderful.B．Exerciseisalsothekeyifwewanttoavoidgainingweight.C．Sofindsomewherewithtreesorbushestogoforawalk.D．Thebeautyofnaturalsurroundingscankeepusmotivated.E．Thustheenvironmentisconnectedtoouroverallwellbeing.F．Youshouldfindmoreenergyforyourafternoonmentaltasks.G．Moreover，exercisingoutdoorsreducesstressevenmorethanexerciseindoors.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们：在大自然中可以增强幸福感；环境对我们的身心健康有很多好处。1．E根据上文“Naturereducesouranger，fear，anddepressionandincreasesourpositivemoodandpsychologicalwellbeing.Timeinnaturealsobringsusoutofourselvesandournarrowconcernsandconnectsustoalargerworldwherewefindbeautyandinterest(大自然减少了我们的愤怒、恐惧和沮丧，增加了我们的积极情绪和心理健康。大自然中的时间也带我们走出自我和狭隘的关注，将我们连接到一个更大的世界，在那里我们可以发现美和兴趣。).”可知，本段主要讲述大自然对我们心理和情绪的影响，可以开阔我们的视野。空处为段尾句，对本段有总结和归纳的作用。所以E项(因此，环境与我们的整体健康息息相关。)符合语境。故选E项。2．A根据下文“Butevenifyouliveinanurbanarea，spendtimeinyouryardorfindaparkoragreenspacewithtreesandbushes.”可知，此处应指与城市对应的地方，那就是乡下。故A项(如果你能去乡村或湖边，那就太好了。)符合语境。故选A项。3．F空处为段尾句，应承接上文。由上文“Gooutsideduringyourlunchhourifyoucantogeta‘breathoffreshair’andgiveyourmindabreak(如果可以的话，在午餐时间到外面去‘呼吸一下新鲜空气’，让你的大脑休息一下。).”可知，午餐时间可到大自然中呼吸新鲜空气，让大脑休息一下。F项(你应该为下午的脑力工作找到更多的能量。)与上句衔接密切，符合语境。故选F项。4．B根据上文“Weallknowthelonglistofphysical，mental，andemotionalbenefitsofexercise.Exerciseimprovesattentionintheyoungandcognitivefunctioningintheold.Itreducesstressandactsasanantidepressant(我们都知道锻炼对身体、心理和情感有很多好处。锻炼可以提高年轻人的注意力和老年人的认知能力。它可以减轻压力，起到抗抑郁的作用。).”提到锻炼对精神方面的好处。下文提到“allthesebenefits”，所以本句仍为锻炼的好处。B项(如果我们想避免增重，锻炼也很关键。)符合语境。故选B项。5．G空处为段首主题句。根据下文“Aseriesofstudiesshowedthatwalkinginforests，asopposedtourbanenvironments，loweredbloodpressureandstresshormoneswellbeyondthetimeofthewalk(一系列的研究表明，与城市环境相反，在森林中散步，降低血压和压力荷尔蒙的时间远远超过散步的时间。).”主要说明到室外锻炼比在室内锻炼要好。G项(此外，户外运动比室内运动更能减轻压力。)能够概括本段大意。故选G项。Ⅱ.语法填空FivetinyPacificislandshavedisappearedduetorisingseasanderosion，Australianresearcherssay.Therewereno1．________(human)wholivedonthefivemissingislands，partoftheSolomonArchipelago.Theislandswere2．________(occasional)usedbyfishermen.Butsixotherislands3．________(believe)tohaveseenlotsoflandturnintosea，destroyingentirevillages.OneofthesixislandsisNuatambuIsland，4．________ishometo25families.Accordingtotheresearchers，theSolomonArchipelago5________(see)sealevelsriseasmuchas10mmeveryyearinthepasttwentyyears.However，thereportstressesthatthecurrentsituationdoesn’tresult6．________risingsealevelsalone.Erosionoftheshorelinemakesthesituationworse.Extremeeventsandimproper7．________(develop)aretwomajorfactorsof8．________(contribute)totheerosion.TheSolomonIslands，9．________(make)upofhundredsofislandsandwithapopulationofabout640,000，lieabout1,000milesnortheastofAustralia.Somecommunitieshavealreadyadaptedtothechangedconditions.SeveralNuatambuislandershavemovedto10．________higherneighbouringvolcanicisland.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了所罗门群岛中的一些小岛屿因为海平面上升而被海水淹没。经过调查，研究人员认为极端事件和不适当的开发是导致海平面上升的主要原因。1．humans考查名词的数。句意：没有人在这5个消失的岛屿上生活，它们是所罗门岛的一部分。分析句子结构可知，此处名词作为句子的主语，Therebe句型遵循“就近”原则，根据were可知，主语是复数名词。故填humans。2．occasionally考查副词。句意：这些岛屿偶尔被渔民使用。分析句子成分可知，此处应用副词修饰动词used。故填occasionally。3．arebelieved考查动词的时态和语态。句意：但据信其他六个岛屿的大量土地被海水淹没，摧毁了整个村庄。分析句子结构可知，设空处是句子的谓语；结合语境可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语sixotherislands和动词believe之间是动宾关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。此处是固定用法sb/sthissaid/believed/reported...todosth“据报道/信/说……某人/某物做某事”。故填arebelieved。4．which考查定语从句。句意：Nuatambu岛是6个岛屿之一，上面居住着25个家庭。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词NuatambuIsland在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。5．hasseen考查动词的时态。句意：根据研究人员所说，在过去的20年，所罗门群岛见证了海平面每年上升多达10毫米。分析句子成分可知，设空处是句子的谓语。根据下文的“inthepasttwentyyears”判断，时态为现在完成时，主语SolomonArchipelago是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填hasseen。6．from考查介词。句意：然而，该报告强调目前的情况不单起因于上升的海平面。根据句意可知，此处考查短语resultfrom，意为“起因于，由……引起”。故填from。7．development考查名词。句意：极端事件和不适当的开发是造成侵蚀现象的两个主要原因。分析句子成分可知，设空处应填名词，与events构成并列的主语，“development发展”是抽象名词，不可数。故填development。8．contributing考查动词的-ing形式。句意：极端事件和不适当的开发是造成侵蚀现象的两个主要原因。分析句子成分可知，设空处位于介词of后，应用动词的-ing形式。故填contributing。9．made考查动词的-ed形式。句意：所罗门群岛，由成百个岛屿构成，人口大约64万，位于距澳大利亚东北大约1,000英里处。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语“SolomonIslands”和动词“makeup”之间是动宾关系，应用动词的-ed形式。故填made。10．a考查冠词。句意：几个Nuatambu岛民已经搬到了附近一个较高的火山岛。“island岛屿”是可数名词；根据句意可知，此处是泛指“一个较高的火山岛”，应用不定冠词，higher发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。Ⅲ.应用文写作假定你是李华，你校将在下周五下午举行京剧文艺汇演活动，并进行网络直播。请给你的美国朋友Jim发一封邮件，对该活动进行介绍。内容包括：1．活动目的；2．活