高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(17)讲义

说明文（用时：7mins）①WhatesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforlessthanimpressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.②It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeatandtwovegandreadymademealsandbeingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.③Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.1.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain.B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes.D.Itdeservesahighreputation.2.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?A.Authoritative.B.Creative.C.Profitable.D.Influential.3.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%.B.24%.C.25%.D.33%.4.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.TablemannersintheUK.D.Studiesofbigeaters.【五步法解题逻辑】串联题干：1.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?2.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?3.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?4.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?主题归纳：人们对于英国食物刻板印象英国电视台的烹饪节目人们印象改变1.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain.B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes.D.Itdeservesahighreputation.首先这道题解决的有两个步骤：①我们认为刻板印象是正向还是负向态度？当然是负向态度②再者，C选项的意思是缺乏真实的味道，那就是因为我们吃的东西是假的？，如果是假的，那为什么还要说通常认为？通常认为=多次吃的经验积累起来，经验是真实的，排除！！③最后,usually=simpleandplain同义替换2.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?Authoritative.B.Creative.C.Profitable.D.Influential.根据主题词推导，因为英国电视台的烹饪节目出现所以人们才会改观4.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK.D.Studiesofbigeaters.B选项对应，主题词对应3.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%.24%.C.25%.D.33%.(几乎三分之一）五步法定位逻辑：选项越短，回文定位可能性就越高③Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.记叙文（用时：7mins）①WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.②Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancercausingchemicals?Withtherightbinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallanecomachine.③ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.④Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheecomachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.⑤Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouselikefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.HealsodesignedanecomachinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.⑥“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfrepair.”1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.2.WhydidJohnputthesludge（烂泥）intothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totesttheecomachine.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TopareJohn’sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.4.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself.B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.LifeonEarthisdiverse.D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【五步法解题逻辑】串联题干WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?题干信息太少，经过串联题干无法得出文章的主题，需要回文定位注意：无法串联题干的有两种情况：①题干出现专有名词，无其他细节②题干出现信息太少只有一题出现细节的信息，其他的题目要求概括段落中心解决方法：从概括题开始做，务求得到文章中心所以我们从第一题开始做1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.①WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.同义替换，inquiring=lovetoexploreC选项当选，主旨说这位小哥是个爱探索的小伙，信息还是不够2.WhydidJohnputthesludge（烂泥）intothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totesttheecomachine.③ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnadde