2024届贵州省“3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考卷（一）英语试题【含答案解析】

2024届“3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考卷(一)英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有十秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whywon’tMikeplaybadmintontoday?A.Heissick.B.HedislikesplayingwithJoe.C.Heplanstotakeballetlessons.2.Whatkindofmusicdoesthewomanprefer?A.Popmusic.B.Rockmusic.C.Electronicmusic.3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Fixthesink.B.Washthedishes.C.Putunwantedfoodinthebin.4.Whereisthemanfrom?A.Britain.B.America.C.Australia.5.Whathappenedtothespeakers’house?A.Therewasafire.B.Therewasa-powerfailure.C.Therewasnowatersupply.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thearrangementofaninterview.B.Theworkscheduleofthewoman.C.Thehealthconditionoftheman.7.WhatisAdamgoingtodonext?A.Callhissister.B.MeetMrs.Green.C.Visithismother.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers.A.Husbandandwife.B.Managerandemployee.C.Shopassistantandcustomer.9.WhatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthelatestTVmodel?A.Itssize.B.Itsprice.C.Itsfunctions.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题。10Howdoesthemansoundnow?A.Relaxed.B.Anxious.C.Excited.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Ignorethelightsonthestage.B.Trytogivehisbestperformance.C.Paymoreattentiontotheaudience.12.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahotel.B.Inaschool.C.Inaconcerthall.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题。13.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskforassistance.B.Tocancelhisaccount.C.Tomakeanappointment.14.WhatinformationdoesthemanneedtoprovideinSectionB?A.Hisreasonformovingabroad.B.Hischoiceofthebankbranch.C.Hisaddressesinthepastfiveyears.15.WhendidthemanreturntotheUS?A.Fourweeksago.B.Fivemonthsago.C.Twoyearsago.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Fillinapaperform.B.Gotothecitycenter.C.Callthestaffinabankbranch.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。17.Whywasthespeakerabsentfromhisjobinthelastfourweeks?A.Hewentonatrip.B.Hevisitedhisfriends.C.Hewashurtinanaccident.18.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofJohnClarke’sperformance?A.Itwasboring.B.Itwassuccessful.C.Itwasdisappointing.19.WhatdoesEmilyWhiteprobablydo?A.She’sasinger.B.She’sahostess.C.She’saTVactress.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Introducingafilm.B.HostingaTVprogram.C.Holdingamusicceremony.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWantingtotakeabreakfrombigcitylife?Thesehiddengems(宝石)provideachancetoescapethehustleandbustleofbigcitiesandimmerseoneselfinthebeautyoftheselesser-knowndestinations.Sakrisoy&Reine,NorwayTheseremotefishingvillagesarelocatedintheLofotenislandsinnorthernNorway.Althoughreachingthemmayrequiresomeeffort,thejourneyisworthitforthebreathtakingscenery.Surroundedbygrandmountains,SakrisoyandReineofferopportunitiesforoutdooractivities,suchashikingandevenwitnessingthecharmingNorthernLights.Shirakawa-go,JapanThispicturesquevillageislocatedintheGifuPrefectureandisknownforitstraditionalgassho-zukurifarmhouses.Theseuniquebuildingsfeaturesteeproofsthatresemblehandsinprayer,whichiswhyShirakawa-gowasincludedintheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist.Duringwintertime,thevillagetransformsintoawinterwonderland,withthesnow-coveredroofscreatingamagicalatmosphere.Paraty,BrazilSituatedonBrazil’sCostaVerde,Paratyisacharmingbaysidetownthatoffersarelaxingandlaid-backatmosphere.Thetownisrenownedforitswell-preservedcolonialarchitecture,whichisbeautifullycomplementedbypalmtreesandcolorfulboatsintheharbor.Paratyisalsoagatewaytonearbydesertedislandbeaches,makingitaperfectdestinationforbeachloversandnatureenthusiasts.OldSanJuan,USAsthehistoricheartofPuertoRico’scapitalcity,OldSanJuanisatreasureofrichhistoryandculturalheritage.TheentireareaisaNationalHeritageSite,withitscolorfulbuildings,cobblestonestreets,andSpanishcolonialarchitectureaddingtoitscharm.Visitorscanexplorehistoricforts,strollalongthecitywalls,andindulgeindeliciousPuertoRicancuisine.1.WherecanpeopleenjoytheNorthernLights?A.Paraty. B.OldSanJuan.C.Shirakawa-go. D.Sakrisoy&Reine.2.WhowouldliketovisitParaty?A.Literatureenthusiasts. B.Naturelovers.C.Wintersportsamateurs. D.Foodadventurers.3.WhatdoShirakawa-goandOldSanJuanhaveincommon?A.Naturalbeauty. B.Architecturalcharm.C.Localcustoms. D.Outdooractivities.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不太为人所知旅游景点及其特征。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Sakrisoy&Reine,Norway中“Surroundedbygrandmountains,SakrisoyandReineofferopportunitiesforoutdooractivities,suchashikingandevenwitnessingthecharmingNorthernLights.(SakrisoyandReine因被群山环绕，为户外活动提供了很多机会，比如徒步旅行，甚至可以目睹迷人的北极光。)”可知，人们在Sakrisoy&Reine可以欣赏到北极光。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Paraty,Brazil中的“Paratyisalsoagatewaytonearbydesertedislandbeaches,makingitaperfectdestinationforbeachloversandnatureenthusiasts.(Paraty也是通往附近荒岛海滩的门户，使其成为海滩爱好者和自然爱好者的完美目的地。)”可知，自然爱好者可能会参观Paraty。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Shirakawa-go,Japan中“ThispicturesquevillageislocatedintheGifuPrefectureandisknownforitstraditionalgassho-zukurifarmhouses.Theseuniquebuildingsfeaturesteeproofsthatresemblehandsinprayer(这个风景如画的村庄位于GifuPrefecture，以其传统的gassho-zukuri农舍而闻名。这些独特的建筑以陡峭的屋顶为特色，酷似祈祷中的双手)”以及OldSanJuan,US中“TheentireareaisaNationalHeritageSite,withitscolorfulbuildings,cobblestonestreets,andSpanishcolonialarchitectureaddingtoitscharm.(整个地区都是国家遗产，其色彩缤纷的建筑，鹅卵石街道和西班牙殖民建筑增添了它的魅力。)”可知，Shirakawa-go和OldSanJuan的共同点是建筑的魅力。故选B。BLastyear,asmythen-9-year-oldson,Leopold,andIwereonaseriesofadventuroustrips,Icameupwitharule:Wewouldsayyestoeverythingasmuchasfeasiblypossible.Leopoldisapickykid—hefeedsonlyonchickennuggetsandyogurt—andcanbereluctanttotrynewthings.Accordingtohim,it’sbecausehehasnumerousfears,includingheights,spidersandthedark.Buthonestly,Isuspecthejusthasnormalkid-sizednerves.Myoriginalgoalwassimple.Iwashopingtofindawaytoencouragehimwithoutresortingtoworn-outwordslike“ifyoudon’ttryit,you’llneverknowifyoulikeit.”So,Iborrowedtheideaofa“yesday”.LeopoldandIagreedwewouldsayyestoeverything—includingfoodandexperiences,especiallynewones.InSt.Augustine,Florida,wecollectivelysaidyestoamoonlitghosttourofthecity’sfamoushauntedsites,wherewhileothersgotclaustrophobic(幽闭恐惧的)andleftduringthetellingofghoststories,LeopoldandIstayeduntilthebitterendanddidn’tevenscreamwhenoneoftheactorsattemptedtofrightenuswithajumpscare.Onthatsametrip,Leopoldtriedhisfirstspicytunarollandthenexperimentedwithblackenedgrouper(石斑鱼).InLongSands,Maine,Ichallengedmyselftojumpintothefreezingocean,gettingcoldandwet,buthappytobefoolishenoughtojumpintothechillywaters.OnthelastnightofourtripatarodeowherecowboysshowedtheirskillsathandlingbullsinCody,Wyoming,mysondidnothesitatebutwentontothefieldtotakepartinthistraditionalevent.Thoughcomingbackwithouttheprizedbandanna,hewaslaughingloudly,sweatyandexcited.Iknewitwasanexperiencewewouldneverforget.Andthereinliesthebeautyofsayingyesonvacation.Itpushesyoutobeopentonewopportunitiesandstepoutofyourcomfortzone.Thoughit’snotalwayspossibletosayyestoeverythingbackhome,wherework,schoolandotherobligationsgetintheway,we’vebeguntryingtosayitmore.Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLeopoldfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heavoidednewattempts. B.Helongedforadventures.C.Hewasfondoftravelling. D.Heenjoyedvarietiesoffood.5.Whatdowelearnabouttheirtrips?A.Theytriedfreediving. B.Theykepttheirpromise.C.Theyenjoyedghoststories. D.Theywonaprizeinalocalfestival.6.Whatisthebenefitoftryingnewexperiences?A.Enjoyingthecomfortzone. B.Strengtheningcooperationskills.C.Developinganadventurousspirit. D.Cultivatingasenseofresponsibility.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Totellastoryofanadventuroustrip.B.Topresentproblemsoflivingafulllife.C.Toshowchallengesofparentingapickykid.D.Toshareamethodoftryingnewexperiences.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和儿子进行了一系列冒险之旅时，定下了尽可能接受一切事物的规定。在旅途中作者和儿子尝试了新的东西，有了难忘的回忆。作者从中意识到，培养好奇心和冒险精神让我们在没有遗憾的情况下充分地生活。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Leopoldisapickykid—hefeedsonlyonchickennuggetsandyogurt—andcanbereluctanttotrynewthings.(利奥波德是个挑剔的孩子——他只吃鸡块和酸奶——可能不愿意尝试新事物。)”可知，利奥波德避免新的尝试。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“LeopoldandIagreedwewouldsayyestoeverything—includingfoodandexperiences,especiallynewones.(利奥波德和我一致认为，我们会答应一切——包括食物和体验，尤其是新的。)”和第三段的内容可推测出，作者和儿子信守了一开始的承诺，在旅行中不断尝试新事物。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.(培养好奇心和冒险精神有助于我们所有人在没有遗憾的情况下充分地生活——即使你有时会感到又冷又湿，汗流浃背，疲惫不堪。)”可知，尝试新事物有助于培养冒险精神。故选C。【7题详解】目的意图题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Lastyear,asmythen-9-year-oldson,Leopold,andIwereonaseriesofadventuroustrips,Icameupwitharule:Wewouldsayyestoeverythingasmuchasfeasiblypossible.(去年，当我和当时9岁的儿子利奥波德进行一系列冒险旅行时，我提出了一条规定：我们会尽可能地答应一切。)”和最后一段“Andthereinliesthebeautyofsayingyesonvacation.Itpushesyoutobeopentonewopportunitiesandstepoutofyourcomfortzone.Thoughit’snotalwayspossibletosayyestoeverythingbackhome,wherework,schoolandotherobligationsgetintheway,we’vebeguntryingtosayitmore.Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.(度假时答应的美妙之处就在于此。它促使你对新的机会持开放态度，走出你的舒适区。尽管回到家不可能总是对一切都说‘是’，家里有工作、学校和其他义务阻碍，但我们已经开始尝试多说。培养好奇心和冒险精神有助于我们所有人在没有遗憾的情况下充分地生活——即使你有时会感到又冷又湿，汗流浃背，疲惫不堪。)”可知，作者主要讲述了和儿子一起在旅途中尝试新事物的经历以及好处，目的是分享一种新的尝试新体验的方式。故选D。CAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸钠)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeadsmadeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice’sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback.“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironmentthisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Toovercomethisproblem,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocesstailoredformanufacturingthenewglass.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,”emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.8.Whathasbeenfoundafterresearchersimplantedglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Thegradualdegradationofthebeads. B.Therecyclingprocessofthebeads.C.Swollenwoundsitesofthemice. D.Apparentweightlossesofthemice.9.Whatmakesthestabilityofthenewglasspossible?A.Theenhanceddurabilitythroughchemicaladjustment.B.Theadoptionoftraditionalglassmanufacturingprocedures.C.Theprolongedexposuretoheatduringglassproduction.D.Therapiddegradationofaminoacidsintheenvironment.10.WhatisYanXuehua’sattitudetowardthestudy?A.Disapproving. B.Objective.C.Ambiguous. D.Dismissive.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Aminoacidsmakeeco-friendlyglassdurable.B.Biodegradableglassgainspopularityinthemarket.C.Biodegradableglassoffersasolutiontoecologicalsustainability.D.Aminoacidsprovideinspirationinglassmanufacturing.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国科学家利用氨基酸研制出了一种新型可降解的环保玻璃。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback.(在那个月里，玻璃植入物在皮肤下降解，伤口愈合，毛又长出来了。)”可知，研究人员在老鼠体内植入玻璃珠后发现了珠子的逐渐降解。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Toovercomethisproblem,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocesstailoredformanufacturingthenewglass.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.(为了克服这个问题，研究人员使用为制造新玻璃量身定制的加热-冷却工艺对氨基酸进行化学修饰。这是当玻璃材料被加热变软，然后迅速冷却，以使玻璃更坚韧。)”可知，通过化学调整增强耐用性使这种新玻璃的稳定性成为可能。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization(需要指出的是，这种可生物降解的玻璃目前还处于实验室阶段，距离大规模商业化还很远)”可知，YanXuehua对这个研究的态度是客观的，故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸钠)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.(今天，许多由沙子和碳酸钠制成的人造玻璃可以重复使用或熔化并回收制成新物品，但它不会在环境中分解，将在垃圾填埋场中放置数千年。一组中国科学家旨在通过开发一种具有生态意识的替代品来解决这种环境问题。)”可知，本篇文章主要介绍了中国科学家团队研发了一款能够在短期内自然降解的环保玻璃，并通过实验证实了该新型玻璃的生物无害性以及研究人员对它的优化，C选项“Biodegradableglassoffersasolutiontoecologicalsustainability.(可生物降解玻璃为生态可持续性提供了解决方案。)”是文章的主旨。故选C。DFoodforests,alsoknownasforestgardensoredibleforests,areappearinginurbansettingsacrosstheUSasauniquewaytohelpfood-insecurecommunities.Theyimitatethestructureandfunctioningofnaturalforestecosystemsthatproducevariousedibleplantsforthecommunity,whichreducesrelianceonexternalfoodsourcesandpromotesfoodself-sufficiency.Foodforestscanmaximizefoodproductioninagivenarea.Inaregulargarden,you’reprobablyonlyplantingvegetablesalongtheground.Whilethiscanprovideagreatharvest,itleavesalotofspaceunused.Nowimagineyouareplantingafruittree.Ontheshadyside,youaddsomeshade-tolerantberries,andonthesunnysideyouaddsomesun-lovingberries.Atthebaseofthesun-lovingberries,youplantsomeannualvegetablesandherbs.Thisfoodforestwouldresultinatrulysplendidharvestthatwoulddwarfwhataregulargardenthesamesizecouldprovide.Thegeniusofafoodforestliesinitsdesignedcultivationofbeneficialinteractionsbetweendifferentplantspecies.Forinstance,someplantsmightenrichthesoilbyfixingnitrogen,anaturalfertilizerforneighboringvegetation,whileothersnaturallyattractbeneficialinsects,providingabuilt-inpestcontrolmechanism.Thesestrategicconnectionsleadtoreduceddependencyonlaborinputsandcreateanenvironmentthatishardyandsustainable.Foodforestsrequireongoingcareandmaintenance,whichofteninvolvestheparticipationofcommunitymembers.Thiscooperativeeffortdevelopsasenseofsharedresponsibilityandbringspeopletogethertoworktowardsacommongoal.Communitymemberscancometogethertolearnaboutplantingtechniques,sustainablegardeningpractices,andthebenefitsofnativeplants.Thissharedlearningexperiencecreatesaplatformforexchangingideasandskills,promotingasenseofself-reliancewithinthecommunity.12.Whatarefoodforestsintendedfor?A.ImprovingfoodqualityinAmerica.B.Protectingnaturalforestecosystems.C.Beautifyingtheurbanlivingenvironment.D.Providingfoodsourcesforthecommunity.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwarf”inparagraph2mean?A.Strengthen. B.Overshadow. C.Widen. D.Enlarge.14.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph3indicate?A.Foodforestscanhelpincreasethediversityofspecies.B.Foodforestsrequireconsiderablelaborinputstomaintain.C.Plantsinfoodforestscanbenefitoneanotherinsomeways.D.Thepestcontrolmechanisminfoodforestsisfavorabletosoil.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Plantingtechniquesdeterminetheyieldoffoodforests.B.Themaintenanceoffoodforestsiscostlyandcomplicated.C.Foodforestsserveasabondtobringcommunitymemberscloser.D.Foodforestshavebecomeapopulargatheringspotinthecommunities.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍食物森林通过模仿天然森林生态系统的结构和功能，生产供人类食用的食物。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Foodforests,alsoknownasforestgardensoredibleforests,areappearinginurbansettingsacrosstheUSasauniquewaytohelpfood-insecurecommunities.Theyimitatethestructureandfunctioningofnaturalforestecosystemsthatproducevariousedibleplantsforthecommunity,whichreducesrelianceonexternalfoodsourcesandpromotesfoodself-sufficiency.(食物森林，也称为森林花园或可食用森林，作为帮助粮食不安全社区的一种独特方式，正在美国各地的城市环境中出现。它们模仿天然森林生态系统的结构和功能，为社区生产各种可食用植物，从而减少对外部食物来源的依赖，促进粮食自给自足)”可知，食物森林旨在为社区提供食物来源。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thisfoodforestwouldresultinatrulysplendidharvestthatwoulddwarfwhataregulargardenthesamesizecouldprovide.(这片食物森林将带来真正辉煌的收成，使同样大小的普通花园所能提供的收成dwarf)”可知，这片食物森林将会带来真正的大丰收，所以这将使一个同样大小的普通菜园所能提供的收成相形见绌。由此推测，划线词dwarf表示“相形见绌”，与选项B含义相近。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thegeniusofafoodforestliesinitsdesignedcultivationofbeneficialinteractionsbetweendifferentplantspecies.Forinstance,someplantsmightenrichthesoilbyfixingnitrogen,anaturalfertilizerforneighboringvegetation,whileothersnaturallyattractbeneficialinsects,providingabuilt-inpestcontrolmechanism.Thesestrategicconnectionsleadtoreduceddependencyonlaborinputsandcreateanenvironmentthatishardyandsustainable.(食物森林的天才之处在于其精心设计的不同植物物种之间有益相互作用的培养。例如，一些植物可能会通过固定氮来丰富土壤，氮是邻近植被的天然肥料，而另一些植物则会自然吸引有益的昆虫，从而提供一种内置的害虫控制机制。这些战略联系减少了对劳动力投入的依赖，并创造了一个坚韧和可持续的环境)”可推知，该段中的例子表明在食物森林中，植物可以以一些方式使其他植物受益。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Foodforestsrequireongoingcareandmaintenance,whichofteninvolvestheparticipationofcommunitymembers.Thiscooperativeeffortdevelopsasenseofsharedresponsibilityandbringspeopletogethertoworktowardsacommongoal.Communitymemberscancometogethertolearnaboutplantingtechniques,sustainablegardeningpractices,andthebenefitsofnativeplants.Thissharedlearningexperiencecreatesaplatformforexchangingideasandskills,promotingasenseofself-reliancewithinthecommunity.(粮食森林需要持续的照料和维护，这往往需要社区成员的参与。这种合作努力培养了一种共同的责任感，并使人们团结起来，为实现共同目标而努力。社区成员可以聚在一起学习种植技术、可持续园艺实践和本地植物的好处。这种共享的学习经验为交流思想和技能创造了一个平台，促进了社区内的自力更生意识)”可推知，食物森林是将社区成员联系在一起的纽带。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。YourPathtoEmotionalMaturityEmotionsplayacriticalpartinourlivesandarecontagiousunlessyouknowhowtoactuallycontrolthem.Inordertogrowandthrive,youmustlearntobeemotionallyintelligent.____16____.FocusYourEffortsOnSelf-evolutionJustlikeyou,itiscompletelynormalforeveryoneelsetohavetheirownbeliefsandopinions.Keepingthatinmind,it’sbettertounderstandthatyoucannotchangeothers,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Evenifyoutrychangingothers,youcouldbehurtingyourselfintheprocess.____17____.TryUsing“I”Statements____18____.Use“I”statementslike“Ifeelmiserableandheartbroken”insteadof“Youmakemefeelmiserableandheartbroken.”Thisapproachconveysyouremotionseffectivelywithoutaggression,showcasingemotionalmaturity.____19____Peoplesometimesinteractwithusasifwearemindreaders,especiallyinrelationships.Yourpartnermayexpectyoutounderstandtheirdesires,whichcanbechallenging.Justasyouaren’tamindreader,othersaren’teither.Youneedtocommunicateyourneedstootherpeople,andtheyneedtodothesamewithyou.Shareyourneedswithyourlovedonesandobservethepositivechanges.AvoidNegativePeopleYouareknownbythecompanyyoukeep,andthisisalwaystrue.____20____.Ifsurroundedbynegativepeoplethatonlybringothersdown,thenyouwillalwaysfeelmiserable.Inordertobeemotionallyintelligent,youmusthaveagoodandsupportingcompanybyyourside.Steerclearofpeoplewhoemotionallymanipulateothers.Wheneveryoufeelsomethinglikethat,cuttieswiththemimmediately.A.CommunicateYourNeedsB.AlwaysPrioritizeSelf-CareC.Ifsurroundedbyhappyandmotivatedpeople,youwillalwaysbehappyD.Whenupset,expressyourfeelingsopenlybutinanon-aggressivemannerE.ThestrategyinthisstressfulsituationistofocusonothersinsteadofyoursF.TakingfullresponsibilityforyouractionsishowyoubecomeemotionallymatureG.Toenhanceemotionalmaturityandhappiness,self-changeisthebestcourseofaction【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了走向情绪成熟的4个方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Emotionsplayacriticalpartinourlivesandarecontagiousunlessyouknowhowtoactuallycontrolthem.Inordertogrowandthrive,youmustlearntobeemotionallyintelligent.(情绪在我们的生活中起着至关重要的作用，除非你知道如何真正控制它们，否则情绪是会传染的。为了成长和茁壮成长，你必须学会在情感上聪明)”可知，文章接下来要介绍如何才能学会在情感上聪明。选项F“对自己的行为负全部责任是你在情感上成熟的方式”和上文意思一致。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Justlikeyou,itiscompletelynormalforeveryoneelsetohavetheirownbeliefsandopinions.Keepingthatinmind,it’sbettertounderstandthatyoucannotchangeothers,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Evenifyoutrychangingothers,youcouldbehurtingyourselfintheprocess.(就像你一样，其他人都有自己的信仰和观点是完全正常的。记住这一点，最好明白，无论你多么努力，你都无法改变他人。即使你试图改变别人，你也可能在这个过程中伤害到自己)”可知，本段主要说应关注个人成长变化而非改变他人。选项G“为了增强情感的成熟度和幸福感，自我改变是最好的行动方案”和上文意思一致。故选G。【18题详解】根据下文“Use“I”statementslike“Ifeelmiserableandheartbroken”insteadof“Youmakemefeelmiserableandheartbroken.”Thisapproachconveysyouremotionseffectivelywithoutaggression,showcasingemotionalmaturity.(使用“我”这样的陈述，比如“我感到痛苦和心碎”，而不是“你让我感觉痛苦和心碎。”这种方法有效地传达了你的情绪，没有攻击性，显示了情绪的成熟)”可知，这一段主要介绍感到痛苦和心碎时要表达出来但不能带有攻击性。选项D“沮丧时，公开但不咄咄逼人地表达自己的感受”和下文意思一致。故选D。【19题详解】根据下文“Peoplesometimesinteractwithusasifwearemindreaders,especiallyinrelationships.Yourpartnermayexpectyoutounderstandtheirdesires,whichcanbechallenging.Justasyouaren’tamindreader,othersaren’teither.Youneedtocommunicateyourneedstootherpeople,andtheyneedtodothesamewithyou.Shareyourneedswithyourlovedonesandobservethepositivechanges.(人们有时与我们互动，就好像我们是读心术的人，尤其是在人际关系中。你的伴侣可能希望你理解他们的欲望，这可能很有挑战性。正如你不是一个读心术的人，其他人也不是。你需要将你的需求传达给其他人，他们也需要对你这样做。与你所爱的人分享你的需求，并观察积极的变化)”可知，这一段主要介绍应积极主动交流需求。选项A“沟通你的需求”和下文意思一致。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文“Ifsurroundedbynegativepeoplethatonlybringothersdown,thenyouwillalwaysfeelmiserable.Inordertobeemotionallyintelligent,youmusthaveagoodandsupportingcompanybyyourside.Steerclearofpeoplewhoemotionallymanipulateothers.Wheneveryoufeelsomethinglikethat,cuttieswiththemimmediately.(如果周围都是消极的人，只会让别人失望，那么你总是会感到痛苦。为了在情感上变得聪明，你必须有一个好的、支持你的伙伴在身边。避开那些在情感上操纵他人的人。每当你有这种感觉时，立即与他们断绝关系)”可知，这一段主要介绍要避免和消极的人在一起。选项C“如果周围都是快乐而积极的人，你就会永远快乐”和下文意思一致。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ayearago,HialeahGardensHighSchoolstudentWendyChaimetSnowball,theAmericanEskimodog.Chai,whois16yearsold,was____21____withanxietyanddepressionwhenshewas13,butthankstoan____22____startedatherhighschoolinHialeahGardens,Florida,shehasreliedonSnowballtohelpher____23____theday.Theprogram,S.A.F.E.(SupportAnimalsforEveryone),was___24___bystudentsatherschoolin2022.It___25___certainstudentstobringsupportanimalstoschoolandalsomakessupportanimals____26____tostudentsandstaffduringschoolhours.ThestudentspresentedtheirprojecttotheAspenChallengeinMiami.Theinitiativewonthethirdplace.S.A.F.EPresidentNaomiGallardo,17,explainedthat____27____toanimalshelpsstudentsrelaxafterexams.“Webringdifferenttypesofanimals—dogs,cats,rabbits,snakes—accordingtoour____28____andfancies,”Naomisaid.“Wehostannualoccasions____29____ataddressingmentalhealth.”Formany,talkingaboutmentalhealthis____30____duetothenegativestereotypesandsocial____31____surroundingtheissue.Thepresenceofatrainedanimalasemotionalsupport____32____helpstobreakdownthatpsychological____33____.Byprovidingstudentswithvarioussupportanimalsand____34____dialogue,S.A.F.E.continuestocreateasaferandmore____35____environmentforall.21.A.diagnosed B.annoyed C.walked D.helped22.A.experiment B.opportunity C.initiative D.experience23.A.goacross B.passby C.getalong D.getthrough24.A.informed B.launched C.discovered D.transformed25.A.forbids B.allows C.facilitates D.discourages26.A.available B.convenient C.reliable D.responsible27.A.limitation B.opposition C.exposure D.similarity28.A.facts B.items C.conditions D.preferences29.A.stared B.glared C.aimed D.arrived30.A.simple B.tough C.rough D.delicate31.A.pride B.patience C.generosity D.prejudice32.A.seldom B.usually C.regularly D.rarely33.A.barrier B.access C.connection D.bridge34.A.recording B.interesting C.encouraging D.controlling35.A.supportive B.critical C.cooperative D.independent【答案】21.A22.C