特殊句式三(There be句型+省略) 2022届高考英语语法学生版

PAGE12022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（特殊句式三Therebe句型+省略）学生版考点清单五、Therebe句型要点精讲1：Therebe句型的主谓一致Therebe句型表示“存在”概念，属于倒装句，there是引导词，在句中不作任何成分。be动词要和后面所跟名词保持人称和数的一致，遵循“就近一致”原则。例1：Thereisaknifeandtwopensinhispocket.他的口袋里有一把小刀和两支钢笔。例2：Therearetwopensandaknifeinhispocket.他的口袋里有两支钢笔和一把小刀。【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1.There__________(be)amagazine,afewlettersandsomenewspapersonthetable.要点精讲2：Therebe句型的时态Therebe句型的时态主要通过be动词的变化来体现，时态比较灵活。be动词前还可以加上can,may,must,oughtto,seemto等情态动词或动词短语。例3：Thereisnoharmintrying.不妨一试。例4：Therewillbeafinedaytomorrow.明天将是一个晴天。例5：Theremustbesomecakesonthetable.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。例6：Thereseemstobeanannouncementabouttheproject.关于这个项目似乎有一个通知。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词。2.Whatapity,mynewcomputerdoesn'twork.__________mustbesomethingwrongwithit.3.Let’sgetthroughtheworkquickly.__________seemstobelittletimeleftnow.要点精讲3：Therebe句型的变式Therebe结构中的be有时可用表示“存在”概念的动词替代，使句子表达更生动、更形象。这些动词有come,exist,follow,lie,live,remain,stand等。例7：OnceuponatimetherelivedakinginChina.从前中国有一个国王。例8：Thereliesasmallvillageinthemountain.山里有个小村子。例9：Thereexistmanyancienttemplesinthecountry.那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。4.__________appearedtobeawarbetweenhisheartandhismind.5.Johnopenedthedoor.There__________(stand)agirlhehadneverseenbefore.6.__________existedsomedoubtamongthestudentsastowhetheranEnglishteachershouldorganizeteachingtotallyinEnglish.要点精讲4：Therebe句型用于反意疑问句Therebe句型用于反意疑问句，附加问句用there。例10：Therearealotoflettersinthemailbox,aren’tthere?邮筒里有很多信件，是吗？例11：Therewillbeanewhospitalnearby,won’tthere?附近要建一家新医院，是吗？【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词。7.Thereislittledoubtinyourmindthatheisinnocent,is__________?要点精讲5：Therebe句型与非谓语连用①therebe句型中谓语之外出现多个动词应考虑使用非谓语。主语与动词是主动关系时,动词用现在分词形式；是被动关系时，动词用过去分词形式。②therebe后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义；当该句型主语是something,anything,nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。例12：Thereisapurselyingontheground.地上有一个钱包。例13：Therearefiveminutesleftnow.现在还有5分钟。例14：Thereisnothingtodoatpresent.没有事可做。例15：Thereisnothingtobedoneatpresent.没有办法(束手无策)。【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。8.Althoughtherewerelotsofdifficulties__________(overcome),sheneverletherproblemsdefeather.要点精讲6：Theretobe两种用法①用于“动词+there+tobe”句型，用作动词的复合宾语。常见的动词有：want,expect,hope,wish,wouldlike,prefer等。例16：Wouldyouliketheretobeapictureonthewall?你喜欢墙壁上挂一张画吗？例17：Iexpecttheretobegreatfuninthegame.我希望游戏中有很大的乐趣。②用于“Itis+adj.+for+there+tobe…”句型，构成不定式的复合结构。例18：Itisimpossiblefortheretobeanymorechance.不可能在有机会了。例19：Itwastoolatefortheretobeanybuses.时间太晚，不会有汽车了。【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。9.Wedon'twantthere__________(be)anystudentfallingbehind.10.Hesaiditwasimpossibleforthere__________(be)amistakeinacomputer’scalculation,soyoucanrelyonthat.要点精讲7：Therebeing两种用法①Therebeing用于独立主格结构作状语，相对于一个状语从句。例20：Therebeingnothingtodo,wewenthome.因为没有什么事要办，我们就回家了。例21：Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodoitbymyself.由于身边没有别人，我只得自己干了。②Therebeing用于某些动词或介词之后作宾语。常见的动词有：deny,appreciate,mind,imagine,admit等。例22：Shedeniedtherebeinganymisunderstandingbetweenthem.她否认他们之间有任何误会。例23：Ineverdreamedoftherebeingapictureonthewall.我从未想到墙壁上有幅画。【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。11.There__________(be)nocoffeeleft,theyhadtomakedowithtea.12.There__________(be)neithergasnorelectricityathome,wehadtogotothenearestrestauranttohavelunch.要点精讲8：含Therebe…的高频句型①Thereisnopoint/senseindoingsth.做某事没有意义。②Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……。③Thereisnoneedforsb.todosth...某人没有必要做某事。④Thereisnodifficulty/troubleindoingsth.做某事没有困难。⑤Thereisnopossibilitythat…没有可能……。⑥Thereisnodenyingthat…不容否认的是……。例24：Thereisnopointinhidingthetruthforthesakeoffriendship.

为了友谊而掩盖真相也毫无意义。例25：There

is

no

denying

that

Chinaisplayinganimportantpartinthe

world.不可否认中国已在世界上占举足轻重的地位。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。13.Thereisnodoubt__________itisunwisetodependcompletelyontheratingsinconsumption.14.OncehestartstalkingaboutChineseorforeignaffairs,ancientormodern,thereisno__________(stop)him.考点清单六、省略要点精讲1：介词的省略要点精讲1：①省略介词类动词短语：spend/waste…(in)doing花费、浪费时间做某事；bebusy/occupied(in)doing忙于做某事；prevent/stop…(from)doing阻止某人做某事；haveahardtime(in)doing做某事有困难；havetrouble(in)doing做某事有困难；Thereisnopoints/sense(in)doing做……没有用；havefun(in)doing做……开心。②另外，this,that,next,last后接时间名词时，前边省略介词。例25：Sheisoccupiedlookingafter3children.她忙于照料3个孩子。例26：Thepolicehavebeentryingtopreventthemcarryingweapons.警方一直都设法阻止他们携带武器。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。15.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime________(pass)theexam.16.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek______(watch)TV.17.Youcan’timaginewhatahardtimeshehad__________(raise)thefourchildren.18.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyear.要点精讲2：动词不定式的省略①感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to；下列句型常省略不定式符号to：mayaswelldosth;hadbetterdo,donothingbutdosth;can’thelpbutdosth.Whynotsth?prefertodo…ratherthandosth,wouldratherdo…thando…等。例27：Wesawaboypassbyjustnow.刚才我们看见一个男孩经过。例28：Whynotjoinusinthegame?为什么不和我们一块玩游戏呢？【即时训练】单句改错。19.Thelibrarianwillletyoutoknowwhenthebookhasbeenreturned.20.IlostmykeysintheofficesoIcoulddonothingbuttowaitformymother.21.Theyhadnochoicebutsleepintheopenair.②在特定上下文中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省略但通常保留不定式符号to。例29：Ididn’twanttogothere,butIhadto.我不想去那里，但又不得不去。【即时训练】单句改错。22.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnottodo.23.—WillMrBrowncome,too?—Yes.Hepromised,buthehasn’tturnedupyet.要点精讲3：状语从句的省略①状语从句含有itis或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。②从属连词接现在分词强调与句子主语之间的主动关系，用过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。例30：Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.除非有必要，你最好不要查字典。例31：While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.走在大街上我听到有人叫我名字。例32：Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthan(itwas)expected.这个展览比预计的有趣很多。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。24.Nochildshallbe,unless______________(accompany)byanadult,allowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday.25.Anyone,once__________(test)positivefornovelcorona-virus,willreceivefreemedicaltreatmentfromourgovernment.26.While__________(do)myhomeworkathome,Iheardmynamecalled.要点精讲4：宾语从句中的省略①一个句子含有两个宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，第二个不能省略。例33：Ithink(that)heneedssomehelpandthatweshouldhelphim.我认为他需要帮助，我们应该帮助他。②省略了一个宾语从句或从句的一部分，用so或not代替。例34：—Ishecomingbacktonight?今天晚上他要回来吗？—Ithinkso.我认为是这样的。例35：—Ishefeelingbettertoday?今天他觉得好点了吗？—I’mafraidnot.恐怕没有。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27.—Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainovertheweekend?—Idon’tbelieve_______.28.—Doyouthinkwe’lltellhimthebadnews?—Ofcourse,Ihope______.要点精讲5：定语从句中的省略①在定语从句中，当先行词在句中作宾语时，可省略关系代词that/which/whom。例36：Thisisthebook(that/which)I’mlookingfor.这是我在寻找的那本书。例37：Theboy(who/whom)youaretalkingwithismyfriend.和你谈话的那个男孩是我的朋友。②定语从句先行词是theway并在从句充当方式状语时，定语从句用inwhich或that引导，其中that可以省略。例38：Iappreciatetheway(that)sheorganizedthemeeting.我喜欢她组织这个会议的方法。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。29.Amongthemanydangerswhatsailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.30.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbutthewaywhichhesaidit.好题再练（一）模拟试题【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.Although________(beat)bytheoppositeteam,wedidn’tloseheartandencouragedeachother.

2.There(remain)acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.3.

Itisn’tcoldenoughforthere__________(be)afrosttonight,soIcanleaveJim’scaroutquitesafely.4.

__________(be)therenoair,therewouldbenolifeontheearth.5.__________happenedtobenooneinthebuildingwhenthefirebrokeout.6.

Weleftthemeeting,thereobviously__________(be)nopointinstaying.7.Theseflowerswilldieunless________(water)everyday.8.Though________(warn)ofthedanger,Jackstillwentswimminginthelake.9.Though________(lack)inconfidence,Tommadeeveryeffortandhisdreamcametrueatlast.10.Hestopp