韩圆圆B8u1 名词性从句

UNIT1GRAMMARDon'tputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.

今日事今日毕Don'tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow.

不要不懂装懂guessthemeaningoftheseproverbsA.NounclauseB.AttributiveclauseC.AdverbialclauseNounclausesΙ名词性从句1.NowIknowthattheproperwayis

alwaysherway.

(必修1)2.MayIaskwhatyouweredoinginmyrestauranttheotherday?

(必修3)3.Ididn’tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.

(必修3)4.ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.(选修八)5.ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStrait…times.(选修八)clauseobject宾语从句S

+Vt+OCS+Vi+prep+OC1.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(必修3)2.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswereliving

inCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(选修八)3.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreat…manyracesandcultures.(选修八)clause主语从句subjectSC

+V+...1.That’swhythey’recalledtheWinterOlympics.(必修2)2.Forexample,oneimportantthingshediscoveredwasthatchimpshuntandeatmeat.(必修4)3.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.(选修八)clause表语从句predicativeS

+be/link.v+PC1.Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthe

wholecontinentwasexciting.clause同位语从句appositive....+noun+APPC由______引导，在复合句中起______作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。它在复合句中能担任_____________________等、,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为____________________________________________________________________________________

名词性从句的概念连接词名词主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语从句(SubjectClause)、宾语从句(ObjectClause)、表语从句(PredicativeClause)

同位语从句(AppositiveClause)。P5一、名从的连接词类别功能意义

引导词

只起连接作用，不充当句子成分从属连词无that是否起连接作用，并充当主语、宾语、表语或定语whether/if什么的事物连接代词what(ever)哪个which(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)谁谁的whose起连接作用，并充当句子状语连接副词时间when地点where原因why方式how

Ireadareportlastnight.Itsays_________alotofpeoplediedinatrafficaccident.ButIforget_________theaccidenthappenedlastSunday._________astonishedmemostis__________somebabieslosttheirlives.However,Idon'tknow___________thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestodealwithit.Inmyopinion,theaccidenthastaughtusalesson__________weshouldobeythetrafficrules.thatwhereWhatthatwhether/ifthatFinishthepassage

连接词选择总原则一找：确定什么从句二查：从句缺少什么意义三选：连接词在从句中的成分注意事项1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。

Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()

Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？

Couldyoutellmewherehelives?(

)

Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?(

)FTTF

3.问题是他们能不能来帮我们。Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.(

)Thequestioniswhetherwilltheybeabletohelpus.(

)TF陈述语序

二、名词性从句的语序

1.that/what1._____hewantsisabook.2._____hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

5.Is_____hetoldustrue?

6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea____hedidthatafternoon.9._____hasmadeChinabecomes_____itisnow?

10.Ionlyknew____hewasstudyinginawsterncountry,butIdidn'tknow____countryhewasin.

WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhatWhatwhat

三、名词性从句的连接词注意事项(that)

what____在名词性从句中不做成分，无实际意义，有时可以省略；___可做主、宾、表语，表意义“什么”，that

what1.表示“……的东西或事情”.They’vedone

what

theycan(do)

tohelpher.Hesaveswhatheearns.2.表示“……的人或的样子”Heisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.WhohasmadeFredwhatheis

now?3.表示“……的数量或数目”Ourincomeisdouble

whatitwastenyearsago.4.表示“……的时间”Afterwhatseemedlikeseveralhours

hewokeupatlast.5.表示“……的地方”

Thisiswhat

theycallSaltLakeCity.In1492,Columbusreachedwhat

iscalledAmerica.what“什么”:当主语或宾语

callsb./sth.+n.叫..某人(某物)什么

7.whatorwhere1.Theballgameis____theycalltabletennis.2.FollowingtheChineeseguide,thetravellersarrivedat_____wasnamedGuiLin.3.“Handsup!Dont'move,stay______youare!”thepolicemanaimedhisgunatthebadguy.4.Theyinsistedthepoint______Ididn'tagree.5.Theyinsisted_____Ididn'tagree.6.Theinsisted_____Ididn'tagreewith.

提示:agree是不及物动词whatwhatwherewhatwherewhere

2.that的省略

1.Idon’tthink____sheiscoming.2.Itisapity____hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis____heiscareless.4.Thenews____ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary____youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme____hisfatherhaddiedand____hehadtomakealivingalone.7.Thereasonliesin_____sheworksharderthantheothersdo.

A.(that)B.thatABBBABBB

that引导单个的宾语从句时可以省略;在以下几种情况中that不能省略：

1）引导主语（形式主语）、表语、同位语从句时不能省略

2）做形式宾语的宾语从句；

3）并列宾语从句中，从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略；4）当that作介词宾语时，that

不可省掉。

3.whether/if

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenair

tomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.heaskedme________I'dmovetoBeijingifIgotthejob.5.Idon’tknow_______ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_______heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togo.9.Idoubt______Jackcouldmanageasailingboat.10.Idon'tdoubt____heisabraveman.A.if/whetherB.ifC.Whether

D.thatCACCCCCCAD

if和whether都起连接词的作用，表意义“是否”只用whether不用if的情况：

1)引导主语、表语、同位语从句2)介词后的宾语从句

3)“Whether+不定式”

结构4)与ornot连用5)已有if引导条件句，若再表"是否"doubt在肯定句中，接whether/if引导的宾语从句；但在否定句中，只用that4.that

or

whether(表疑问语气)1.Tomknew____hefailedinthejobinterview.2.Tomwastold____hefailedintheunitexam.3.Tomaskedhisteacherwhether/ifhecouldhaveonedayoff.3.Tomwaswondering_________hecouldlendyourmotorbike.4.Tomdoubted________thestorywastrue

ornot.thatthatwhetherwhether/if/if翻译本句成中文5.what“什么”:明确的指定，指具体的什么东西。whatever“无论什么;不管什么”没有明确的指定

。

1.________happens,thefirstthingistocalmdown.2.“__________youwilldoisnotmybusiness.”hesaidimpatiently.3.“______agoodboy!”TheteacherpraisedlittleJack.4.Aftertheearthquake,Tomcametohimselfbuthedidn'tremember____happenedatall.5._____weneedispracticeandpractice.WhateverWhat(ever)WhatwhatWhat1.Giveitto

whoever

asksforitfirst.2.Wewillwelcome_________yourecommend.3._________youchoose,Iwillbealwaysonyourside.4.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.5.CanIpleasespeakto________isinchargeofinternationalsales,please?.7.________comesfirstwillreceiveagift.6.whoever,whomeverorwhicheverwhomeverwhoeverwhoever宾语从句Whomever或Whicheverwhoever1.___isstllaquestionwhethershewillcomeornot.

2.___becomesclearthatMarydidmakeamistake.

3.___remainstobeseenwhowillbethevictorinthecontest.4.___dosen'tmatterwhetherwegotogetherorseparately.5.___issuggestedthatyou(should)attendtheopeningceremony.四、it在名词性从句中作形式主语用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis＋名词＋从句

Itisafactthat…事实是……Itisanhonorthat……非常荣幸

Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句(多用should)Itisnaturalthat…很自然……Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是……(3)Itis＋不及物动词＋从句

Itseemsthat…似乎……Ithappenedthat…碰巧……Itappearsthat…似乎……(4)Itis＋过去分词＋从句

Itisreportedthat…据报道……Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…Itissaidthat…据说……1.Ifind___importantthatweshouldkeepcalmindanger.

2.Ifeel___apitythatIhaven'tbeentotheGreatWall.

3.Ilike___thateveryonecouldpasstheNMETexam.it在名词性从句中作形式宾语在接复合宾语的句子中,为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,常接复合宾语的动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think...

1.___isourbeliefthatimprovementinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(2006浙江卷)A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It2.Hedidn’tmake______clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(2007天津)A.thisB.thatC.it D.these3.I’dappreciate______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.

A.thatB.itC.thisD.youpracticetime√√√1.Whenhedidtheexperimenthasnotbeendecidedyet.2.Howhedidtheexperimentandwhyhedidtheexperimentisunknowntoall.3.Howandwhyhedidtheexperimentareunknowntoall.√×

isare×

五、名词性从句的主谓一致

1.主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用单数；

2.如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词用复数；

3.由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。同位语从句同位语从句对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,这些名词常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,thought,hope,order,message,advice,suggestion,decision,belief,possibility等。1.I’vecomefromMrwangwithamessage

thathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．2.Theidea

thatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingiswrong.3.Therewasasuggestion

that

Brownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam.(dropfromtheteam离队)4.ThethoughtcametoTom

thatmaybehehim-selfwaswrong．5.Hemustanswerthequestion

whetherheagreeswithitornot.6.Ihavenoidea

whatsizeshoesshewears.7.Ourteachergaveussomeadvice

howwe(should)usethecomputer.定语从句和同位语从句的区别

(以that为例)1.Thenewsthat

youtoldme

yesterdaywasreallyexciting．定语从句2.Themandidn'tbelievethenewsthat

saidhewasfiredbytheboss.定语从句3.Weheardthenewsthat

ourteamhadwonthegame．同位语从句

news充当宾语news充当主语news根本不当从句的成分PracticetimeLet’shaveaquiz!1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsve