非谓语动词解题技巧

专题复习非谓语动词的解题技巧复习要点一基本形式二基本用法解题技巧巩固练习非谓语动词的结构形式不定式动名词分词现在分词过去分词一般式一般被动式完成式完成被动式进行式________完成进行式________todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoingtohavebeendoingdoingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonedoingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonedone以do为例非谓语动词在句中所作的成分

成分动词形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√

不定式作主语多表示一次性，将要的动作并常常用it作形式主语。不定式前也可以加特殊疑问词。Itisunfairtotreatuslikethat.Whethertoholdthesportsasplanneddependsontheweather.动名词作主语，表示习惯或抽象的动作Smokingalotruinsone’shealth.KeepinmindIttakestwohours______there.________toofastistoodangerousA

todriveBDrivingAB必须牢记哪些动词后面跟不定式作宾语，哪些跟动名词作宾语，还有两者都可以的，意义相同的和意义不同的。如：stopdoing/todorememberforgetregretmeantryceasegoon…KeepinmindHehopes______therebybiketomorrow.Heenjoyed_____therebybike.Helikes_____football,buthedoesn’tlike_____footballthisafternoon.AgoingBtogoCplayingDtoplayABCDMyjobtodayistoteachyouhowtodoit.MyjobisteachingEnglish.Myjobistiringbutchallenging.I’minterestedinmyjob.Toteach不定式作表语，表示一次性的动作，动名词作表语表示抽象或经常性的动作，ing分词作表语，表示主语状态和性质ed作表语，，或被动或完成的状态Thebuilding______nowwillbearestaurant.2.Thebuilding______nextyearwillbearestaurant.3.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.

A.havingbeenbuilt B.tobebuilt

C.beingbuilt D.built

CBD非谓语动词作定语，要考虑非谓语动词的动作时发生在谓语动词动作发生之前，同时还是之后；也要考虑和句子的主语之间的是逻辑主谓还是动宾关系。单个的分词放在被修饰的词前面，分词词组放在后面。theexcitingnewsanexcitedexpressionI’llhaveBob____itrightnow.IhadBob_____itallmorning.I’llhaveit____byBobrightnow.A.doingB.doC.doneDtobedone不定式分词作宾补也要考虑是发生在谓语动词动作之前同时还是之后，以及和宾语之间是逻辑主谓还是逻辑动宾关系同时还可以通过下列口诀牢记可以跟非谓语作宾补的动词“吾看三室两厅一感觉”ABC5看（lookat,see,watch,notice,observe）；3使（make,let,have）；2听（listento,hear）；1感觉（feel）。以上动词和find,keep,leave，have，smell等词可用现在分词作宾语补足语,（let,make不跟ing作宾补）也可以用过去分词作宾语补足语。如：

Ifoundhimcookingsupper.IfoundsuppercookedwhenIgothome.“吾看三室两厅一感觉”Tomakesomeprogress,youhavetoworkhard.不定式表示目的Hehurriedthere,onlytobetoldshehadleft.不定式表示意外的结果Dressedinwhite,heismorelikeacookthanadoctor.过去分词描述主语的状态与句中主语是主动关系与句中主语是被动关系Sheleft,leavinghimalone.Givenmoretime,hewilldoitmuchbetter.

Hesatthere,lookingoutofthewindow.

Havingfinishedhisjob,hewenthome.Whenbeinginterviewedheistoonervoustospeak.

Havingbeenwarnedmanytimes,hefinallyleft.

分词作状语(口诀）逻辑主谓用现分；逻辑动宾用过分；没有逻辑用独立；分谓同时一般式；分前谓后完成式；正在被动beingdone；完被须用havingbeendone

：Keepinmind前提：分析句子结构，看是否需要用非谓语动词一、先结构二、再语态三、后时态前提：

分析句子结构_____manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2._____manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.

Havingbeentold B.Beingtold

C.Hewastold D.Thoughhehadbeentold

CA

D1.______totheleft,you'llfindthepostoffice.

2.Ifyou_____totheleft,you'llfindthepostoffice.3.______totheleft,andyou'llfindthepostoffice.

Turning B.ToturnC.TurnD.turn

ExercisesADCTimepermits，wewillgoforapicnic.Studyinghard,andyouwillmakesomeprogress.改错StudyhardIftimepermitsTimepermittingStudyinghard,youwill一.先结构非谓语动词充当动词的宾语或宾语补足语的时候，它的形式要由前面的动词决定。因此，我们要先考虑它与前面动词固定搭配的结构形式。有些动词的宾语只接动词不定式(todo)，而有些动词或动词短语则要求只能用动名词(-ing)作宾语还有一些使役动词的固定搭配，如havesth.done等，with的复合结构等，动词搭配的结构已经固定了非谓语的形式。例如：Hewaspretending________whenhismothercameinhisstudy.A.readingB.tobereadingC.readD.bereading只要掌握动词pretend后只能接不定式作它的宾语，即pretendtodosth，一眼就可以选出正确答案BExercise（陕西卷09）Istillremember

totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.AtotakeBtobetakenCtakingDbeingtakenIcouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_________.（goon）（2005北京）

Don’tleavethewater______（run）whileyoubrushyourteeth.（2004天津）Themaninsisted________ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.（2004江苏）A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infindingHegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk______（lose）thegoodopportunity.（05上海）DCgoingonrunninglosing二.再语态不必考虑或考虑完毕非谓语动词的固定结构后，再分析非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语的关系是主动还是被动

。如果是被动关系，则要选用相应的被动形式，如tobedone,beingdone,done等。______fromspace,theearthlooksblue.

2.______fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.

A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.SeeAB

Exercises1（江西卷09）_________therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintotheinternationalstars.A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given2.____thedirtyclothes,thegirlhungthemupoutside.Waswashed B.Washed C.Washing D.HavingwashedDD动宾关系主谓关系First____tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducing B.introducedC.introduce D.beingintroduced分析:introducetheseproducts,句子的主语theseproducts是非谓语动词introduce逻辑上的宾语，所以用过去分词选B分析：Hewalked，主谓关系，同时，用现在分词（安徽卷09）._______inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk.B.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked三.后时态在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态,是将来的，进行的，还是完成的?尤其是要和谓语动词发生的时间进行比较。

不定式todo主动被动

一般式towritetobewritten进行式tobewriting完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten

之后同时之前及物动词Hepretendedtogotothelibrary.他假装要去（之后）Hepretendedtobereadinginthelibrary.假装正在读（同时）

Hepretendedtohavereadthebook.假装已经读过了（之前）Examples动名词/现在分词doing主动被动

一般式writingbeingwritten进行式完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten过去分词done主动被动

一般式done进行式完成式同时之前山东卷09）Weareinvitedtoaparty_________inourclubnextFriday.

A.tobeheld

B.held

C.beingheld

D.holdingtobeheld用作aparty的定语，将要举行（被动，之后）09江西卷）Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_____parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.

A.forced

B.forcing

C.tobeforced

D.havingforced

forcing作定语相当于whichwillforce

（主动，同时）（浙江卷08）13.Itisoneofthefunniestthings______ontheInternetsofarthisyear.A.findingB.beingfoundC.tofindD.foundFound过去分词作定语已经发现（被动，之前）

ExercisesHestoodthere______forhismother.

2.______fortwohours,hewentaway.

A.waitingB.waitC.waitedD.HavingwaitedAD句1表示"站在那等"，两个动词同时发生，故选A作伴随状语。

句2表示已经等了两个小时，发生在谓语动词"wentaway"之前，故用完成式，选D。

需要注意的是，非谓语动词的否定也是常考的项目，要认清否定形式，非谓语动词的否定都应将not放在前面。Weallknowthat,____,thesituationwillgetworse.

A.ifnotdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwith

C.ifdealtnotcarefullywith D.notifcarefullydealtwith

（四川卷09）Hetolduswhether_________apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion

A.tohave

B.having

C.have

D.hadwhethertohaveapicnic

作从句的主语，(07上海）_____tothesunforalongtimewilldoharmtoyourskin.A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed

Beingexposed作主语

consolidation高考题再现(浙江卷06)Itremains________whetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.A.seenB.tobeseenC.seeingD.toseeTobeseen不定式用作remain的表语四川卷09）Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain__________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.

A.seated

B.seating

C.toseat

D.seatseated过去分词作表语Thequestionisreally_____,somanychildrenhavea_____expressionintheireyesApuzzled,puzzlingBpuzzling,puzzlingCpuzzling,puzzledDpuzzled,puzzledPuzzling现在分词作表语（湖南卷09）Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit

_.

A.reusingB.reused

C.reuses

D.tobereused

tobereused

用作make的宾语，it是形式宾语

forit，是其逻辑上的主语江西卷09）Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromotedhavingbeenpromoted作mention的宾语07北京卷）—Excusemesir,whereisRoom301?—Justaminute.I’llhaveBob____youtoyourroomA.showB.showsC.toshowD.showing作宾语Bob的补足语（江苏卷）34.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish______asmuchaswecan.A.speak.B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeak07全国卷I）Ismellsomething__________inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?A.burningB.burntC.beingburntD.tobeburnt（辽宁卷09）

,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.

A

Beingawinner

BTobeawinner

CBeawinner

DHavingbeenawinner目的状语

(广东卷09).Hehurriedtothestationonly______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound结果状语（意外的结果）（辽宁卷09）Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycame______back

A.flooding

B.toflood

C.flood

D.flooded作状语，描述来的方式浙江卷09）______andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.Tobetried

B.Tired

C.Tiring

D.Beingtired

作状语，描述主语的状态四川卷09）__manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.A.Told

B.Telling

C.Havingtold

D.Havingbeentold

打算(intend)计划(plan)和期盼(expect)假装(pretend)喜欢(wouldlike/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish)决定(decide)同意(agree)来帮助(help)设法(manage)说服(persuade)不拒绝(refuse)好像(seem/appear)答应(promise)做努力(attempt)选择(choose)询问(ask)多学习(learn)告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起(afford)请牢记在下列固定句式中，动词用V-ing式：Thereisnopointarguingfurther.再争辩下去没有意义。Itisnogooddoingthat.那样做没有用。Itisnousetellinghisfatheraboutit.告诉他父亲那件事没用。在动词remember,try,regret,forget,need/want/require，stop,mean等后跟动名词V-和不定式意义不同，巧记一句话（记住努力；后悔忘记；需要停止；很有意义），考虑（consider）完成（finish）多练习（practise）避免（avoid）冒险（risk）求建议（sugg