2024年高等教育公共课自考-00012英语(一)历年考试高频考点试题附带答案

2024年高等教育公共课自考-00012英语(一)历年考试高频考点试题附带答案（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.参考题库(共25题)1.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony，temporaryworld？Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes，interests，pursuits，andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship？Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat，genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern，adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop，andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction：doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn；sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship，Trust，Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay，"Oh，he'sagoodfriendofmine，"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime：timetogettoknoweachother，timetobuildsharedmemories，timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives，thoughts，feelings，andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone，withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem，weoftenfeelbetrayed，leftout，andlonely.Intruefriendship，thereisnobackbiting，nonegativethoughts，noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship，unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Friendshiptakestime.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven2.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse（NIDA，1999）showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive，contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless，overuseofdrugssuchasopioids，centralnervoussystem（CNS）depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide，particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults，teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany，themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity，NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation，thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms，70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately，thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral，amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition，statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers，tranquillizers，stimulantsandsedatives.Anotherstudyresearchessomepeople，ofwhich70%ofwomenhad（）.A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign3.TrueFriendship YoungadultfilmmakersallhopetoshowtheirworksininternationalfestivalslikeSundanceandToronto.Butwhataboutreallyyoungfilmmakerswhoaren'tinfilmschoolyetandaren't，strictlyspeaking，evenadults？ TheyareattheheartofWingspanArtsKidsFilmFestival，tomorrow，inasettinganydirectormightenvy：LincolnCenter.Completewith"redcarpet"interviewsandvariousawards，thefestivalhasmuchincommonwitheventsformoreexperiencedmoviemakers，exceptfortheageoftheparticipants：about8to18. "What'sreallyexcitingisthatit'sfilmforkidsbykids，"saidCoriGardner，managingdirectorofWingspanArts，a nonprofitorganizationofferingyouthprogramsintheNewYorkarea.ThisyearthefestivalwillincludefilmsnotonlyfromWingspanbutalsofromothercityorganizationsandonefromamiddleschoolinArlington，Virginia."Wewanttomakethisanationalevent."Ms.Gardneradded. ThenineshortstobeshownrangefromaClaymationbiographyofB.B.Kingtoasciencefictionadventuresetintheyear3005."Alotofthematerialisreallymature，"Ms.Gardnersaid，talkingaboutfilmsbytheNewYorkCitybranchofGlobalActionProject，amediaartsandleadership-traininggroup."TheChoiceisaboutthehistoryofafamilyandMasterAnti-Smokerisabouttheangersofsecond-handsmoke."DreamoftheInvisiblesdescribesyoungimmigrants'（移民）feelingsofbothbelongingandnotbelongingintheiradoptedcountry. Thefestivalwillendwithanopenreceptionatwhichotherfilmswillbeshown.Theseincludeamusicvideoandafull-lengthfilmwhosetitleisPressures.Ms.Gardnerwantstomakethisanationalevent.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven4.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse（NIDA，1999）showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive，contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless，overuseofdrugssuchasopioids，centralnervoussystem（CNS）depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide，particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults，teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany，themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity，NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation，thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms，70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately，thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral，amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition，statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers，tranquillizers，stimulantsandsedatives.Teenagegirlsaremorelikelythan（）tobeginpsychotherapeuticmedicationoverusing.A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign5.AdvertisingtoChildren （1）Notonlyaretheyeasilyswayedbyadvertising，theyarealsopersuasiveinencouragingtheirparentstobuyaproduct.Ifachildwantssomethingintheirkid'slocker，theywillprodandannoytheirparentsuntiltheygetwhattheywant.（2）Allittakesisalittlesuggestionfromasingleadvertisementtosendthemontheirway. （3）Inacampaignentitled"KidsaretheStar"，itsemployeeswereencouragedtopayspecialattentiontochildrenandtomakesuretheyhadapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.Thereasonforthis，naturally，wasnotthattheMcDonald'scorporationcareddeeplyaboutthewell-beingofchildreneverywhere，butthatthepester-powerthatchildrenhaveisextraordinarilyeffectiveatbringingtheirparentsbackformorevisits. Thewaythatadvertiserstargetchildrenissimplebig，brightlights，happypeopleandanimatedcharactersareallthatisneededtoencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.（4）TheydonotrealizethatRonaldMcDonaldisjustaguyinaCostumandmake-up，andthatbehindthecounterofeveryMcDonald'sisabunchofkidsworkinginuncomfortableconditionsforlowpay. Thisposesarealmoraldilemmaforthosewhomaketheadvertisingdecisions，oratleastitshould.（5）Howdoyousaynotoanopportunitytoreachsuchawideaudienceofchildren，whoactasadvertisersthemselveswhentheyencourageotherchildrenandtheirparentstobuyaparticularproduct？3.（）A、Whilemanipulatingchildrenintobelievinglies，especiallyencouragingthemtoeatunhealthyfoods，isobviouslybad，thepurposeofbusinessistomakemoneyB、ThesuperficialreactionschildrengetfromeatingMcDonald'slastaboutaslongastheyareattheplaceC、McDonald'satonestageadvisedemployeestospecificallytargetchildrenD、ChildrenareaprimetargetforadvertisersandsalesmenacrosstheworldE、AnyonewhohasseenachildpesteritsparentsknowsthelengthschildrencangotoF、Thisisbecausechildrenarenaive；theygenuinelybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem6.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony，temporaryworld？Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes，interests，pursuits，andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship？Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat，genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern，adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop，andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction：doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn；sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship，Trust，Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay，"Oh，he'sagoodfriendofmine，"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime：timetogettoknoweachother，timetobuildsharedmemories，timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives，thoughts，feelings，andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone，withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem，weoftenfeelbetrayed，leftout，andlonely.Intruefriendship，thereisnobackbiting，nonegativethoughts，noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship，unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes，interests，pursuits，andpassion.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven7.LiteracyVolunteer LastsummerIwentthroughatrainingprogramandbecamealiteracyvolunteer（扫盲志愿者）.ThetrainingIreceived，thoughexcellent，didnottellmehowitwastoworkwitharealstudent，however.WhenIbegantodiscoverwhatotherpeople'sliveswerelikebecausetheycouldnotread，Irealizedthetrueimportanceofreading. MyfirststudentJanewasa44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree.Inthefirstlesson，Ifoundoutshewalkedtwomilestothenearestsupermarkettwiceaweekbecauseshedidn'tknowwhichbustotake.WhenItoldherIwouldgetherabusschedule，shetoldmeitwouldnothelpbecauseshecouldnotreadit.Shesaidshealsohaddifficultyonceshegottothesupermarketbecauseshecouldn'talwaysrememberwhatsheneeded.Sinceshedidnotknowwords，shecouldnotwriteoutashoppinglist.Also，shecouldonlyrecognizeitemsbytheirlabels.Asaresult，iftheproducthadadifferentlabel，shewouldnotrecognizeitastheproductshewanted. Asweworkedtogether，learninghowtoreadbuiltJane'sself-confidence，whichencouragedhertocontinueinherstudies.Shebegantomakerapidprogressandwasevenabletotakethebustothesupermarket.Afterthissuccessfultrip，shereportedhowself-confidentshefelt.Attheendoftheprogram，shebeganhelpingheryoungestson，Tony，ashyfirstgrader，withhisreading.Shesatwithhimbeforehewenttosleepandtogethertheywouldreadbedtimestories.Whenhiseyesbecamewidewithexcitementasshereadpridewaswrittenalloverherface，andshebegantoseehowherownhardworkinlearningtoreadpaidoff.Asshedescribedthisexperience，Iwasproudofmyself，too.IfoundthathelpingJanetobuildherself-confidencewasmorerewardingthananythingIhadeverdonebefore. Asaliteracyvolunteer，Ilearnedagreatdealaboutteachingandhelpingothers.Infact，ImayhavelearnedmorefromtheexperiencethanJanedid.Afterhersuccessfultriptothesupermarket，Janereportedhowself-confidentshefelt.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven8.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe（31）acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts，herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards（广告牌）（32）thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso（33）thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment（KidsF.A.C.E.）in1989.Therearenow300，000（34）ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto（35）a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992，shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993，shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher（36）bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted，KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million，trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe（37）ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats（栖息地）-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey，whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub（38）outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling，pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy，"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible，environmentally（39）personnow，rightaway，（40）youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”40.（）A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional9.LiteracyVolunteer LastsummerIwentthroughatrainingprogramandbecamealiteracyvolunteer（扫盲志愿者）.ThetrainingIreceived，thoughexcellent，didnottellmehowitwastoworkwitharealstudent，however.WhenIbegantodiscoverwhatotherpeople'sliveswerelikebecausetheycouldnotread，Irealizedthetrueimportanceofreading. MyfirststudentJanewasa44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree.Inthefirstlesson，Ifoundoutshewalkedtwomilestothenearestsupermarkettwiceaweekbecauseshedidn'tknowwhichbustotake.WhenItoldherIwouldgetherabusschedule，shetoldmeitwouldnothelpbecauseshecouldnotreadit.Shesaidshealsohaddifficultyonceshegottothesupermarketbecauseshecouldn'talwaysrememberwhatsheneeded.Sinceshedidnotknowwords，shecouldnotwriteoutashoppinglist.Also，shecouldonlyrecognizeitemsbytheirlabels.Asaresult，iftheproducthadadifferentlabel，shewouldnotrecognizeitastheproductshewanted. Asweworkedtogether，learninghowtoreadbuiltJane'sself-confidence，whichencouragedhertocontinueinherstudies.Shebegantomakerapidprogressandwasevenabletotakethebustothesupermarket.Afterthissuccessfultrip，shereportedhowself-confidentshefelt.Attheendoftheprogram，shebeganhelpingheryoungestson，Tony，ashyfirstgrader，withhisreading.Shesatwithhimbeforehewenttosleepandtogethertheywouldreadbedtimestories.Whenhiseyesbecamewidewithexcitementasshereadpridewaswrittenalloverherface，andshebegantoseehowherownhardworkinlearningtoreadpaidoff.Asshedescribedthisexperience，Iwasproudofmyself，too.IfoundthathelpingJanetobuildherself-confidencewasmorerewardingthananythingIhadeverdonebefore. Asaliteracyvolunteer，Ilearnedagreatdealaboutteachingandhelpingothers.Infact，ImayhavelearnedmorefromtheexperiencethanJanedid.Shecouldwriteoutashoppinglist.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven10.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe（31）acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts，herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards（广告牌）（32）thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso（33）thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment（KidsF.A.C.E.）in1989.Therearenow300，000（34）ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto（35）a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992，shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993，shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher（36）bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted，KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million，trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe（37）ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats（栖息地）-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey，whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub（38）outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling，pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy，"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible，environmentally（39）personnow，rightaway，（40）youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”34.（）A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional11.ABridgeforSquirrels SanFranciscohasitscablecars.SeattlehasitsSpaceNeedle.And，Longviewhasitssquirrelbridge.Thebridge，whichhasattractedinternationalattention，isnowalocallandmark. TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltin1963byalocalbuilder，AmosPeters，togivesquirrelsawaytocrossthebusyroadwithoutgettingflattenedbypassingcars. TheoriginalbridgewasbuiltoverOlympiaWayonthewestedgeofthelibrarygrounds.Beforethebridgewasbuilt，squirrelshadtoavoidtraffictoandfromtheParkPlazaofficebuildingwhereofficestaffputoutanuttyfeastforthesquirrels.Manytimes，PetersandotherswhoworkedinandnearParkPlazawitnessedsquirrelsbeingrunover. OnedayPetersfoundadeadsquirrelwithanutstillinitsmouth，andthatday'scoffeebreakdiscussionturnedintosquirrelsafety.ThegroupofbusinessmencookedupthesquirrelbridgeideaandformedacommitteetoasktheblessingoftheCityCouncil（市政会）.TheCouncilapproved，andCouncilwomanBessLaRivierejokinglynamedthebridge"NuttyNarrows". Afterarchitectsdesignedthebridge，AmosPetersandBillHutchstartedconstruction.Theybuiltthe60-footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose（消防水带）.Itcost1000. Itdidn'ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrelsusingthebridgestarted.Squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungandteachingthemtheropes.Thestorywaspickedupbythemedia，andNuttyNarrowsbecameknowninnewspapersallovertheworld. In1983，after20yearsofuse，Peterstookdowntheworn-outbridge.Repairsweremadeandcrosspieceswerereplaced.ThefadedsignwasrepaintedandinJuly1983，hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge. Petersdiedin1984，andaten-footwoodensquirrelsculpturewasplacednearthebridgeinmemoryofitsbuilderandhisdevotiontotheproject.TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltinorderto（）.A、offersquirrelsaplacetoeatnutsB、setupalocallandmarkC、helpimprovetrafficD、protectsquirrels12.Camping Campingwildisawonderfulwaytoexperiencethenaturalworldand，atitsbest，itmakeslittleenvironmentalinfluence.Butwithincreasingnumbersofpeoplewantingtoescapeintothewilderness，itisbecomingmoreandmoreimportanttocampunobtrusively（不引人注目地）andleavenomark. Wildcampingisnotpermittedinmanyplaces，particularlyincrowdedlowlandBritain.Whereveryouare，findoutaboutorganizationsresponsibleformanagingwildspaces，andcontactthemtofindouttheirpolicyoncampingandshelterbuilding.Forexample，itisfinetocampwildinremotepartsofScotland，butinEnglandyoumustaskthelandowner'spermission，exceptinnationalparks. Campingisabouthavingrelaxation，sleepingoutdoors，experiencingbadweather，andmakingdowithoutmodernconveniences.Abusy，fully-equippedcampsite（野营地）seemstogoagainstthis，soseekoutsmaller，moreremoteplaceswitheasyaccesstoopenspacesandperhapsbeaches.Betterstill，findacampsitewithnoroadaccess：walkinginmakesarealadventure. Findingtherightspottocampisthefirststeptoguaranteeingagoodnight'ssleep.Chooseacampsitewithprivacyandminimuminfluenceonothersandtheenvironment.Trytouseanareawherepeoplehaveobviouslycampedbeforeratherthancreatinganewspot.Whencampinginwoodland，avoidstandingdeadtrees，whichmayfallonawindynight.Avoidanimalrunsandcaves，andpossiblehomesofbitinginsects.Makesureyouhavemostprotectiononthewindwardside.Ifyoumakeafire，dosodownwindofyourshelter，alwaysconsiderwhatinfluenceyoumighthaveonthenaturalworld.Avoiddamagingplants.Agoodcampsiteisfound，notmade—changingitshouldbeunnecessary.Campingisrelaxationwiththehelpofmodernconveniences.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven13.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse（NIDA，1999）showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive，contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless，overuseofdrugssuchasopioids，centralnervoussystem（CNS）depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide，particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults，teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany，themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity，NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation，thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms，70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately，thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral，amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition，statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers，tranquillizers，stimulantsandsedatives.Somepeopleusemedicationsaboutacoupleoftimesmorethantheaveragepeoplebutwithlesscompliancewith（）.A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign14.AdvertisingtoChildren （1）Notonlyaretheyeasilyswayedbyadvertising，theyarealsopersuasiveinencouragingtheirparentstobuyaproduct.Ifachildwantssomethingintheirkid'slocker，theywillprodandannoytheirparentsuntiltheygetwhattheywant.（2）Allittakesisalittlesuggestionfromasingleadvertisementtosendthemontheir