新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课件Unit-2-Section-A

IronandtheEffectsofExercisebySandyWongSept,2015Unit2SectionAIronandtheEffectsofExercisen.影响havemucheffecton…v.makesth.happeneffectachangeExpositorywritingWhat?How?ContentsStructureAnalysisDetailedReadingoftheTextNotestotheTextReviewWritingUnderstandingReadthetextquicklyandmatchthefollowingstatementswiththeircorrespondingparagraphs.Understanding359104A.Thenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels.B.Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceforironandmoreironlossfromexercisecausesirondeficiency.C.Useabettermethodtochecktheamountofironstoredinthebloodandit’sadvisableforbothwomenandmentohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.D.Ingeneral,it’sbettertoundotheproblembyaddingmoreiron-richfoodstothediet.E.Thereareseveralreasonstocausewomen’sirondeficiency,suchasignoringtheamountofirontheytakein;monthlybleeding;rejectingredmeatandnotconsumingenoughiron-richfood.21271168F.Anewstudyshowsthatinactivewomenwhostartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceofironloss.G.Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregonethenyoucanremedythedeficiencyintime.H.Therearethreestagesofirondeficiency.I.Inordertocorrectirondeficiency,youmayselectbreadsandcerealswiththe“iron-added”labels;cookinironpans,asfoodcanderiveironfromthepanduringthecookingprocess;avoiddrinkingcoffeeorteawithmeals.J.Exerciseresultsinironlossthroughavarietyofmechanisms.K.Thedangeryoumayfacewhenyoureachthethirdstageofirondeficiency.StructureAnalysisPartI(Paras.1-__)WhatstudyfoundaboutironandeffectsofexercisePartII(Paras.__-__)CurrentsituationandcausesofirondeficiencyPartIII(Paras.__-__)Symptomandsolutionofirondeficiency763412Problems+SolutionsCentraltopic+Supportingdetails1Effect+2CausesPartI(Para.1-3)CentralTopic:Supportingdetails:Exercise,evenmoderateexercise,mayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.Anewstudyiscitedtosupportthetopic.PartIPara.1

Sportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedforyearsthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.NowanewstudybyateamofPurdueUniversityresearcherssuggeststhatevenmoderateexercisemayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.IronandtheEffectsofExerciseDetailedReading缺铁cause运动医学专家Para.2

“Wefoundthatwomenwhowerenormallyinactiveandthenstartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceof

ironloss,”saysRoseanneM.Lyle,①associateprofessoratPurdue.Herstudyof62formerlyinactivewomenwhobeganexercisingthreetimesaweekforsixmonthswaspublishedinthejournalMedicine&ScienceinSports&Exercise.whowerenotinthehabitofdoingphysicalexercises)()()(Para.3

“Womenwhoconsumedadditionalmeatortookironsupplementswereabletobounceback,”shenotes.“Butthenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels.”ReviewPartI(Para1-3)Exercise,evenmoderateexercise,mayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.RoseanneM.Lyle’sstudyshows:start;exerciseironlossinactive+

bouncebackToPartIIBackgroundInformationPurdueUniversity:(A)It

isacoeducational,state-assisteduniversityinIndiana,US.Foundedin1869andnamedafterbenefactorJohnPurdue.

Theuniversityisoneofthenation’sleadingresearchinstitutionswithareputationforexcellentandaffordableeducation.BuiltuponhistoricalstrengthsinengineeringandBackgroundInformationagriculture,

theWestLafayettecampusoftheuniversitycurrentlyoffers7,400

coursesinmorethan500undergraduatemajorsandspecializationsintheschoolsofAgriculture,ConsumerandFamilySciences,Education,Engineering,HealthSciences,LiberalArts,Management,Nursing,PharmacyandPurdueUniversity:(B)BackgroundInformationPurdueUniversity:(C)

PharmaceuticalSciences,Science,Technology,andVeterinaryMedicine.ProgramsofgraduatestudyandresearchleadingtoadvanceddegreesfallunderthejurisdictionoftheGraduateSchool.moderateadj.

neitherverybignorverysmallinamount,quality,degree,etc.中等的，适度的e.g.Heisastudentofmoderateability.Inotherwords,heisaverage.

他是个中等水平的学生。reasonableandavoidingextremeopinionsoractions温和的；不极端的e.g.Thetoneofherspeechwasquitemoderate.

她说话的语气非常温和。showevidenceof有······的迹象

Thosewithstrongwillandself-confidenceusuallyshowevidenceofoptimismaboutlife.

意志坚强和自信的人通常对生活表现出乐观的心态。Appositivestructure（同位语结构）

同位语：当两个指同一事物的词语（多为名词性成分）放在句中同等位置时，后一词语可用来说明或解释前一个词语。saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue…,saysRoseanneM.Lyle.SheisanassociateprofessoratPurdueUniversity.

Nowcombinethefollowingsimplesentencesintoonesentencebyusingappositives.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofinventors

anddiscoverers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleof

philosophersandsoldiers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofpoetsand

craftsmen.TheancientChinesegavetheworldmanyofits

mostusefulthings.TheancientChinese,apeopleofinventorsanddiscoverers,philosophersandsoldiers,poetsandcraftsmen,gavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.PracticePracticeonP411.Mr.Howe,myfavoriteprofessor,hasreceivedaDistinguishedTeacherAward.2.YesterdayIwentfishing,somethingIhadn’tdoneinyears.3.Somewomenarenormallyinactivebutthenallofasuddenstartaprogramofintenseexercise,anactionthatbreaksthelawsofsportsscience.4.EvenabriefvisittoGreece,amoderncountrywithancientcivilization,givesyouadeepsenseofitsculture.Translation1被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪。

The

defendant,___________________,kept________________________________.awomanofonly30insistingonherowninnocenceBackgroundInformationMedicine&Science

inSports&Exercise(A)Itisamultidisciplinaryjournalfeaturingoriginalinvestigations,clinicalstudies,andcomprehensivereviewsononcurrenttopicsinsportsmedicineandexercisescience.Withthismultidisciplinaryjournal,exercisephysiologists,physiatrists,physicaltherapists,teamphysiciansandathletic体育运动医学与科学BackgroundInformationMedicine&Sciencein

Sports&Exercise(B)trainersgetavitalexchangeofinformationinthefieldsofbasicandappliedscience,medicine,education,andalliedhealth.Ithelpsreadersenhancetheirbasicunderstandingabouttheroleofphysicalactivityinhumanhealthandfunction.consumev.

usesth.especiallyinlargeamounts消耗；花费

e.g.TheUnitedStatesimports45%oftheoilit

consumes.

美国所消耗的石油有45%是进口的。eatordrinksth.吃；喝

e.g.

Itisnotwisetoconsumemeatwitheverymeal.

每餐都吃肉不明智。supplement[n.]sth.extrathatisaddedtomakesth.better增补物；补充物

e.g.Vitamin/iron/proteinsupplement

[v.]addsth.extrainordertoimprovesth.增补；补充

e.g.Theyaredoingextrajobsoutsidetheirregularonestosupplementtheirincomes.

除了常规工作外，他们还干些零活，以补充收入。bounceback

feelbetterorbecomesuccessfulafterexperiencingsth.bad恢复健康；振作起来

e.g.WelosttwoorthreeearlygamesintheWorldCup,butwe

bouncedback.

在世界杯比赛中我们先输了几场，但后来又赢回来了。Tryit:Heisyoungenoughtobounceback

fromthissetback.

他还年轻，能够从这次挫折中恢复过来。PartII(Para.4-6)

Effect(Para.4):Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomen.Cause1(Para.5)Cause2(Para.6)(AstoCause&Effectwriting,pleasegotoStructureWriting)PartIIPara.4a

Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomeningeneral,affectingoneinfourfemaleteenagersandoneinfivewomenaged18to45,respectively.Buttheratioisevengreateramongactivewomen,affectingupto80percentoffemaleenduranceathletes.Thismeans,Lylesays,that“toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein”.四分之一摄取()现在分词短语作状语表原因()()Para.4b

Womenofchildbearingageareatgreatestrisk,sincetheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.Plus,manyhealth-consciouswomenincreasetheirriskbyrejectingredmeat,whichcontainsthemosteasilyabsorbedformofiron.Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliabletoexperienceadeficiency.育龄妇女()Para.5“Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceofiron,”notesanotherexpert.“Forawomanwhoalreadyhasapoorironstatus,anyadditionalironlossfromexercisemaybeenoughtotipherovertheedgeintoamoreseriousdeficiency,”notestheexpert.建议摄入的Para.6

Exercisecanresultinironlossthroughavarietyofmechanisms.Someironislostinsweat,and,forunknownreasons,intenseenduranceexerciseissometimesassociatedwithbleedingofthedigestivesystem.Athletesinhigh-impactsportssuchasrunningmayalsoloseironthroughaphenomenonwheresmallbloodvesselsinthefeetleakblood.导致…的结果机制伴随着;带来消化系统high-pressure高压的high-speed高速的high-performance高功效的ReviewPartII(Para4-6)Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomen.teenagerswomenaged18to45activewomenwomenofchildbearingage1/41/580%atgreatestrisk

Effect(Para4):health-consciouswomenredmeatirondeficiencyPartII(Para.4-6)Cause1(Para.5)Cause2(Para.6)takein;only2/3oftherecommendeddailyallowanceironloss……ToPartIIIingeneral大体上/通常:一般说来,爱美之心人皆有之,但人们对美的标准各有不同。Ingeneral,itishumantolovebeauty,butpeople’scriteriaforitvaryfrompersontoperson.e.g.respectivelyadv.Thenursesandtheminersreceivedpayrisesof8%and12%respectively.separatelyintheordermentionede.g.respective:

各自的;分别的respectful:

恭敬的;表示尊重的（对待某人/某物）respectable:

体面的；正确的；值得尊敬的同根词respectiverespectfulrespectableBlankFillingTheylistenedin___________silence.Hewasbornina____________family.Wewenttovisitour__________mothers.respectfulrespectablerespectiverespectivelyadv.upto1.Icantakeuptofourpeopleinmycar.2.

Uptonowhe'sstillquiet.3.Thisisuptoyou.4.He'snotuptothework.5.What'sheupto?多达直到做…；忙…在于…,取决于…能胜任riskn.&v.Upto2,000jobsarestillatrisk.仍有多达2,000人有失业的危险。Hetookariskwhenhecrossedtheoldbridge.他冒险过这座旧桥。Heriskedhislifewhenhesavedthekidfromthefire.他冒着生命危险把孩子从火中救出来。n.危险n.冒险v.冒…的危险plusPlus,nobodycareswherewewerelastnight.况且也没人在意我们昨晚在哪儿。[conj.]usedtoaddmoreinformation

并且，而且[prep.]usedwhenonenumberisaddedtoanother加e.g.Thebillis$10,plus$1forpostage.汇票是10美元，再加上1美元邮费。health-consciousadj.注重健康的caringmuchabouthealthWordFormation

n.-adj.e.g.iron-rich富含铁的;tax-free免税的water-proof防水的safety-conscious注意安全的fashion-conscious赶时髦的absorbv.takeinagas,liquid,etc.吸收e.g.Aspongeabsorbswater.

海绵吸水。holdsb.’sattentioncompletelyorinterestsb.greatly吸引…的注意力；使…感兴趣e.g.

Sheiscompletelyabsorbedinherbook.

她在专心致志地看书。absorbentadj.易吸收的absorbingadj.引人入胜的restrictv.limitthesizeoramountofsth.限制；控制e.g.Youarerestrictedtoonlytwocansofmilkpowder.

携带的奶粉不得超过两罐。Tryit:Thegovernmenthasrestrictedfreedomofmovementintoandoutofthecountry.

政府已限制了出入境的行动自由。inaneffortto(dosth.)

为了…e.g.IfyouarecrazyforaccesstotheInternetinanefforttoseekstimulation,youareboundtoreapregretfromitinthelongrun.

如果你疯狂上网只是为了寻求刺激，长此以往,你从中所收获的肯定是遗憾。

liableadj.

(~todosth.)likelytodosth.badorunpleasante.g.We’reliabletomakemistakeswhenwe’retired.

疲劳时我们容易出错。(~tosth.)likelytosufferfromsth.unpleasante.g.Theroadisliabletoflooding.

这个路段易积水。allowancen.something,suchasmoney,givenatregularintervalsorforaspecificpurpose补助；津贴；零用钱Shallwegiveourkidsmonthlyallowance?anamountofsth.thatisallowedinparticularcircumstances限额；定量Mostofourflightshaveabaggageallowanceof20kgperpassenger.

我们的大多数航班容许每位旅客免费带20公斤行李。tipsb.overtheedgemakesb.sounhappythattheycannotdealwiththeirlifeorasituationanylonger使某人受不了；使某人难过得不得了Toomuchpressuretippedherovertheedgeofbreakdown.过多的压力使她处于崩溃的边缘。tipsb.overtheedge对已经如履薄冰的婚姻,任何来自外界的诱惑都足以使其境况更糟。Foramarriagethatisalreadyonthinice,anyadditionaltemptationfromoutsidewillbeenoughtotipitovertheedgeintoaworsestate.vi.漏e.g.Thecarleaksoil.

这辆车漏油。vt.使泄露e.g.Heleakedthenewsoftheambassador'svisit.

他把大使来访的消息泄露出去了。n.

漏洞,裂缝e.g.Thereisaleakintheroof.房顶上有个漏洞。

泄漏,漏出物e.g.Therehasbeenaleakofinformation.走漏了风声leakv.&n.PartIII(Para.7-12)3stagesofirondeficiency(Para.7-8)Checkirondeficiency(Para.9)Suggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para.10-12)problemsolutionPartIIIPara.7

Therearethreestagesofirondeficiency.Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.Fatigueandpoorperformancemaybegintoappearinthesecondstageofdeficiency,whennotenoughironispresenttoformthemoleculesofbloodproteinthattransportoxygentotheworkingmuscles.Inthethirdandfinalstage,peopleoftenfeelweak,tired,andoutof

breath—andexerciseperformanceisseverelycompromised.疲劳力不从心)(上气不接下气[]同位语（定语从句）Para7Stage1Stage2Stage3lowironreservesnosymptomsfatigueandpoorperformancenotenoughironmoleculeofbloodprotein

transportoxygentomusclesweak,tired,andoutofbreath—andexerciseperformanceisseverelycompromised疲劳和力不从心Para.8

“Peoplethinkthatifthey’renotatthethirdstage,nothingiswrong,butthat’snottrue,”saysJohnL.Beard,whohelpeddesignthePurduestudy.“You’renotinstage3untilyourironreservesgotozero,andifyouwaituntilthatpoint,you’reintrouble.”处于麻烦或困难中Para.9a

However,mostpeoplewithlowironreservesdon’tknowtheyhaveadeficiency,becausetraditionalmethodsofcalculatingtheamountofironinblood(bycheckinglevelsofthebloodproteinthattransportsoxygen)arenotsufficient,Beardstates.Instead,it'simportanttochecklevelsofadifferentcompound,whichindicatetheamountofstorageofironintheblood.复合物，化合物指示，表明Para.9b

Whileactive,childbearingagewomenaremostlikelytohavelowironstores,henotes,“Menarenotsafe,especiallyiftheydon’teatmeatandhaveahighlevelofphysicalactivity.”(Anestimated15percentofmalelongdistancerunnershavelowironstores.)Beardandotherexpertssayit’sadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.虽然Para.10a

Ifironlevelsarelow,talkwithaphysiciantoseeifthedeficiencyshouldbecorrectedbymodifyingyourdietorbytakingsupplements.Ingeneral,it’sbettertoundotheproblembyaddingmoreiron-richfoodstothediet,becauseironsupplementscanhaveseriousshortcomings.Para.10b

Supplementsmayproduceafeelingofwantingtothrowup,andmaybepoisonousinsomecases.Thebestsourcesofiron,andtheonlysourcesoftheformofironmostreadilyabsorbedbythebody,aremeat,chicken,andfish.Goodsourcesofotherformsofironincludedates,beans,andsomeleafygreenvegetables.在某些情况下Para.11a

“Selectbreadsandcerealswiththewords‘iron-added’onthelabel,”writessportsdietexpertNancyClark.“Thisaddedironsupplementsthesmallamountthatnaturallyoccursingrains.EatthesefoodswithplentifulVitaminC(forexample,drinkorangejuicewithcerealorputatomatoonasandwich)toenhancetheamountofironabsorbed.”)(v.Para.11b

Clarkalsorecommendscookinginironpans,asfoodcanderiveironfromthepanduringthecookingprocess.“Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times,”shewrites.Andpeoplewhoarelikelytohavelowironshouldavoiddrinkingcoffeeorteawithmeals,shesays,sincesubstancesinthesedrinkscaninterferewithironbeingabsorbedintothebody.Para.12“Activewomenneedtobealotmorecarefulabouttheirfoodchoices,”sumsupPurdue’sLyle.“Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregone,youcanremedythedeficiencybeforeitreallybecomesaproblem.”ReviewPartIII(Para.7-12)3stagesofirondeficiency(Para.7-8)Stage1symptomsStage2Stage3+

PartIII(Para.7-12)Checkirondeficiency(Para.9)checkingthebloodproteinadifferentcompoundSuggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para.10-12)+

iron-richfoodsBestsourcesofirons?PartIII(Para7-12)Suggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para10-12)+

YesNoYesNoor

compromisev.Ourracialandculturaldifferencesenhanced

ourrelationshipandtaughtusagreatdealabouttolerance,compromise,andbeingopenwitheachother.(Book2,Unit3,Para.2)v.beaffected受影响；危害e.g.Hischancesofreelectionwerecompromisedbythescandal.他重新获选的机会因绯闻而大打折扣。n.妥协；折中gotozero耗尽/为零/用完对于一支不知为何而战的足球队来说，其胜率趋于零。Forafootballteamthathasnoideaaboutwhattoplayfor,itschancesofvictorywillgotozero.sufficientadj.enough足够的；充分的e.g.Thereisnosufficientevidencetoshowthatheisguilty.besufficienttodosthbesufficientforsthadvisableadj.thatshouldbedoneinordertoavoidproblems明智的；可取的Itisgenerallynotadvisableforpregnantwomentotravelbyairafterthe28thweekofpregnancy.Tryit(P43.XII.4):Accordingtothesportsmedicineexpert,itisadvisableforthosewhosufferfromfatigueandpoorperformancetoeatredmeat,whichcontainsthemosteasilyabsorbedformofiron.

这位运动医学专家认为，感到劳累、工作效率差的人，最好食用牛肉、羊肉，它们含有最易被吸收的铁质。Translation4考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。

Taking_____________________________________

_______________,itis________________________

_____________.thepopularityoftheregionintoconsiderationadvisabletobookhotelsinadvancemodifyv.makesmallchangestosth.inordertoimproveit修改；改进e.g.

Thefeedbackfromstudentswillbeusedtomodifythecoursefornextyear.

从学生那里得到的反馈会用于对下一年的课程进行调整。undov.removethebadeffectsofsth.取消；消除e.g.Whatisdonecannotbeundone.

覆水难收。untieorunfastenbuttons,knots,belts,etc.解开；松开e.g.Heundidtheparcel.

他解开了包裹。throwupvomit;besick呕吐Thestrongsmellmademethrowup.这强烈的气味使我呕吐了。Translation5服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生。

Ifyou______________________________________after_______________,______________________and_______________________________________.haveafeelingofwantingtothrowuptakingthisdrugstoptakingitimmediatelyconsultyourdoctorassoonaspossiblederivev.obtainsth.fromsth.else取得；得到Wederiveknowledgefrompractice.

我们从实践中获取知识。(from)havesth.asanorigin源自ManyEnglishwordsderivefromLatin.

英语中有很多词源于拉丁语。absolutestructure（独立主格结构）Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times.Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease.Thelevelwentupnearly30times.Practice

非句子，作状语逻辑主谓关系表示时间、原因、结果、条件、伴随、目的等主动语态——V-ing;被动语态——省略be动词PracticeonP421.Hishomeworkdone,hiscompositionwritten,Larrydecidedtogoandseethefilm.2.Themanagersatquietlyintheoffice,(his)eyesclosed,waitingforthetelephonetoring.3.Theroomwasamess,emptybottlesandbeercans(being)everywhere.4.WhenIwalkedin,Grandpawassittingatthekitchentable,thenewspaperspreadbeforehim.5.Dianastoodmotionlessattheendofthedivingboard,tearsstreamingdownhercheeks.Translation2总体看来，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。

Allthingsconsidered,________________________

_____________________are__________________

________.dates,beans,andsomeleafygreenvegetablesthebestsourcesofironstrikingadj.astrikingidea一个好主意Hebearsastrikingresemblancetohisfather.

他长得非常像他父亲。unusualorinterestingenoughtobeeasilynoticed引人注目的interferev.(with)preventsth.orslowdowntheprogress

妨碍，干扰Nothingcanbeallowedtointerferewithourplansfortheweekend.

决不允许任何事情干扰我们的周末计划。(in)touchorchangesth.withoutpermission干预；介入Ihaveneverinterferedinhisaffair.

我从不干预他的事。Translation3正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化。

Nobeverages_______________________________

______________________________.areservedwithmealsbecausetheyinterferewithdigestionTranslation6总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。

___________________________,hesaidbothparties_____________________________________

__________________________.Summingupthediscussionshouldconsiderthemosteffectivewaytosolvetheproblemremedyv.&n.①correctorimproveasituation补救；纠正Effortstoremedythisfaultmustbeginrightaway.

要立即纠正这个错误。②asolutiontoaproblem;acureforpainorminorillness补救措施；治疗法Warmthisthebestremedyforacold.

热疗是治疗感冒最好的方法。1.导致血缺铁

2.四分之一女孩3.

吸收蛋白质

4.危险最大5.导致铁离子流失6.妨碍；干扰7.气喘吁吁8.解决问题9.想呕吐10.弥补不足toleadtoreducedironinthebloodonein/outoffourfemaleteenagerstotakeinproteintobeatgreatestrisktoresultinironlosstointerferewithtobeoutofbreath

toundotheproblem

afeelingofwantingtothrowup

toremedythedeficiency1.恢复;振作起来：2.高达;直到;胜任:3.为了······:

4.耗尽;用完;为零:5.增加:tobounceback

upto

inaneffortto(dosth.)togotozerotoadd…to…StructureWriting1.StructureAnalysisCauseandeffectisoneofthemostcommonlyusedwritingtechniques.Therearetwotypes:FromeffectbacktocausesFromcausetoeffects2.SampleParagraphIrondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomeningeneral,…Lylesays,that“toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein”.Womenofchildbearingageareatgreatestrisk,sincetheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.Plus,manyhealth-consciouswomenincreasetheirriskbyrejectingredmeat,...Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliabletoexperienceadeficiency.EffectCauses3.TipsforwritingWriteaneffect.Offersomecauses.orWriteancause.Offersomeeffects.4.YourTaskWriteaparagraphwithCause&Effectmethod.Topic:

Humanpopulationhasincreasedrapidly.(fromeffecttocauses)2.Theknowledgeeconomybringsalotofbenefitstoacountry.(fromcausetoeffects)ForyourreferenceFromeffectbacktocausesSampleHumanpopulationhasincreasedrapidly.

Therearetwomajorreasonsforthisrapidgrowthofpopulationinmoderntimes.First,theindustrialandagriculturalrevolutions,startingin1650,ledtoincreasesinsuppliesoffoodandothernecessities—sothatabiggerpopulationcanbesustained.Second,theemergenceofmodernmedicine,startingin1850,enabledpeopletolivelongerandhealthierlives—andproducedmorechildren.Thesetworeasonsshowwhyhumanpopulationincreasesalot.(Forreference)FromeffecttocausesTheknowledgeeconomybringsalotofbenefitstoacountry.Comparedtootherformsofeconomicactivity,theknowledgeeconomyisenergy-savingandenvironment-friendly.Italsoaccountsforagrowingpercentageofeachcountry’sgrossdomesticproduct,aswellasprovidingjobsformoreandmorepeople.Inaddition,itcanhelpraisetheoverallqualityofacountry’slaborforceandtrainingmorespecializedpersonnel.(Forreference)Fromcausetoeffects铁与运动的关系Para.1运动医学专家经过多年的观察，发现耐力运动员，特别是女性，经常会缺铁。普渡大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究表明：即使是适度的锻炼，也可能会降低女性血液中的铁含量。Para.2“我们发现，那些通常不运动的女性一旦开始适度的锻炼，就会出现铁含量下降的迹象，”普渡大学罗斯安妮·M.莱尔副教授说。她对62名妇女进行了研究，并将研究结果发表在《体育运动医学与科学》杂志上。这些妇女原先不怎么运动，后来开始了为期6个月、每周3次的锻炼。Para.3莱尔指出：“那些增食肉类食品或服用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康状态。但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。”Para.4a缺铁在女性中是很常见的，每四个十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁，每五个18至45岁的女性中有一人缺铁。而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比例更高，女耐力运动员中，缺铁者比例则高达80%。莱尔说，这意味着“太多女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量。”

Para.4b