【英语】山东省德州市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末试题(解析版)

山东省德州市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题第I卷(满分65分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOneofthemostrewardingwaystoplanatripisbybuildingitaroundaspecificeventconnectedtoadeeppassion.Herearesomeunmissableeventsworthtravellingfor2024.InternationalKiteFestival—Gujarat,IndiaKite-makersfromaroundtheworldlaunchtheircreationsatthischeeringcelebrationofthereturnofsunshineafterwinter.You’llenjoytraditionalstylesfromJapaneserokkakutoMalaysianwaubulan.Localsandvisitorsgetinvolved,too—sobringyourkidsandjoinin.ThefestivaltakesplaceinAhmedabad,Gujarat’slargestcityandaUNESCOWorldHeritagecity.RideAfricaKenya—RiftValley,KenyaWheelingfromLakeNakurutoMaasaiMara,this310-mile,seven-dayroutetakesupto60cycliststhroughLakeNaivasha,Hell’sGateandNarok.It’sheldtoraisefundsfortheCCharity,whichsupportsnewborns’careinthecountry.RunincombinationwiththeKenyanWildlifeService,theeventincludesalargenumberofanimalsightings.JungleUItra—ManúNationalPark,Peru.Withracersfacing143milesofdenseAmazonrainforest-andevendenserheatandhumidity-thisisamongthetoughestultra-marathons.Passingsuchterrain(地形)demandsdetermination,butthefriendshipandtrustofthetrailteamwillkeepyougoing.Peru’sfour-million-acrenationalparkcomprisesdiversetropicalhabitats.Lakia-JukolaRelay—Kauhava,FinlandThisisoneforold-schoolhikers,asyourteamofsixneedssolidmap-readingandcompassnavigationskillsfortheovernight.It’samongtheworld’smostcelebratedchallenges,duringwhichyouwillenjoyFinland’smostdramaticscenery.Signupforthelaterlegstoseeinthesunrise.1.Whichofthefollowingisfamily-friendly?A.InternationalKiteFestival. B.RideAfricaKenya.C.JungleUltra. D.Lakia-JukolaRelay.2.WhatisthepurposeoforganizingRideAfricaKenya?A.Tocompetewithcyclistsworldwide. B.ToexplorethewildanimalsinAfrica.C.Toenjoythenaturalsceneryofthevalley. D.Tocollectmoneyforacharitableinstitution.3.WhatisamustforbothJungleUltraandLakia-JukolaRelay?A.Specializedbikingskills. B.Passionfordramaticscenery.C.Teamworkandcooperation. D.Adaptiontotropicalweather.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个2024年不容错过的活动。【答案】1.A2.D3.C【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Localsandvisitorsgetinvolved,too—sobringyourkidsandjoinin.(当地人和游客也会参与进来，所以带上你的孩子一起来吧。)”可知，国际风筝节对家庭友好。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“It’sheldtoraisefundsfortheCCharity,whichsupportsnewborns’careinthecountry.(它的举办是为了为C慈善机构筹集资金，该机构支持该国新生儿的护理。)”可知，组织骑行非洲肯尼亚的目的是为慈善机构募捐。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Passingsuchterrain(地形)demandsdetermination,butthefriendshipandtrustofthetrailteamwillkeepyougoing.(通过这样的地形需要决心，但是登山队的友谊和信任会让你坚持下去。)”以及最后一段“Thisisoneforold-schoolhikers,asyourteamofsixneedssolidmap-readingandcompassnavigationskillsfortheovernight.(这是为老派徒步旅行者准备的，因为你的六人团队需要扎实的地图阅读和指南针导航技能。)”可知，JungleUltra和Lakia-JukolaRelay两个活动中，团队合作是必须的。故选C。BOnthebusystreetsofShanghai,Iencounteredadynamicdisplayofculturethatwouldforevershapemydancejourney.Itwasin2019,whenIfirstarrivedatDonghuaUniversityinShanghai,thatIdiscoveredalocalparkfilledwithelderlypeopledancingintheearlymorning.Itquicklybecamemyfavoritespot.I’dbringmycoffee,watchingthemenjoytherhythmofthemusic.There,noonejudgesyouforamissteporfornotkeepingupwiththerhythm,yousimplydanceandenjoythemoment.It’sfascinatingtoseeexperienceddancersleading,whilenewcomersobserve,learn,andeventuallyjoinin,justlikeme.Yet,mylovefordancebeganataveryyoungageinUzbekistan,whereIwasbornandraised.Throughoutmyschoolyearsandlaterincollege,Iactivelyparticipatedinawiderangeofdances,amongwhichmyfavoriteistheAndijanPolka,alivelyUzbekfolkdancethatcombinesenergeticmovementswithentertainingcomponents.WhenIfirstarrivedinChina,Ihadtheprivilegeofshowcasingthisdanceataculturaleventforinternationalstudents.Itleftalastingimpression.Later,atDonghuaUniversity,Ieagerlyjoinedadanceclub,learningnewdanceformsandparticipatinginuniversityevents.However,outsidethecampus,Ioftenfoundmyselfwanderingintothepark,wherethispublicactivity,squaredancing,goesbeyondageandbackground,offeringanantidote(解药)tothelonelinessandphysicalinactivitythatoftenaccompaniesaging.Itwasaheartwarmingvibrancy(活力)ofmodernChinesesociety:olderpeopleandretiredpeoplegather,notjusttoexercise,buttosocializeandformnewconnections.Thesetwoworlds－thevibrantpublicdancinginChinaandtherichUzbekdancetradition－haveprofoundlyshapedmylifeandbroughtmeboundlessjoy,whichcontinuestobetherhythmofmylife.Ineverystepandmovement,Ifindaconnectiontothediverseworldofdanceandacelebrationoftheuniversallanguageofjoy,movement,andconnection.4.WhathappenedtotheauthoratthelocalparkinShanghai?A.Shestartedherdancejourney.B.Shesearchedforexperienceddancers.C.Shecouldn’twaittoengageindancing.D.Sheescapedfromthebusylifeinthecity.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.Showingnointerestindancingwhenyoung.B.Benefitingalotfromherdancingexperiences.C.Beingfondofgentle-movedancesinparticular.D.OncedisplayingaChinesedanceinUzbekistan.6.Whichstatementaboutsquaredancingmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Itisrestrictedtoagingandretiredpeople.B.Itcuresthosesufferingmentalproblems.C.Ithelpstorelieveherofschoolpressure.D.Itprovidesachancetoconnectwithothers.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SquareDancing:Eye-catchingintheWorldB.DancingThroughLife:aTaleofTwoCulturesC.DancingfromNowon:AnUzbekGirlinChinaD.DiverseDances:CelebrationofLiveLanguages【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了一名乌兹别克斯坦的女孩学习舞蹈的经历以及来到中国后生活中依然热衷于用舞蹈连接两国文化的故事。【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’sfascinatingtoseeexperienceddancersleading,whilenewcomersobserve,learn,andeventuallyjoinin,justlikeme.”（看到有经验的舞者在领舞，而新手则像我一样观察、学习并最终加入，这是一件很有迷人的事情。）可知，作者在上海当地的公园迫不及待地想跳舞。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Yet,mylovefordancebeganataveryyoungageinUzbekistan,whereIwasbornandraised.Throughoutmyschoolyearsandlaterincollege,Iactivelyparticipatedinawiderangeofdances,amongwhichmyfavoriteistheAndijanPolka,alivelyUzbekfolkdancethatcombinesenergeticmovementswithentertainingcomponents.”（然而，我对舞蹈的热爱始于很小的时候，在乌兹别克斯坦，我出生和成长的地方。在我的整个学生时代和后来的大学生活中，我积极参加了各种各样的舞蹈，其中我最喜欢的是安集延波尔卡，这是一种活泼的乌兹别克民间舞蹈，结合了充满活力的动作和娱乐成分。）可知，作者从她之前的舞蹈经历中受益很多。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Itwasaheartwarmingvibrancy(活力)ofmodernChinesesociety:olderpeopleandretiredpeoplegather,notjusttoexercise,buttosocializeandformnewconnections.”（这是现代中国社会的一种温暖人心的活力:老年人和退休人员聚集在一起，不仅是为了锻炼身体，也是为了社交和建立新的联系。）可知，作者认为广场舞提供给人们相互联系的机会。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thesetwoworlds-thevibrantpublicdancinginChinaandtherichUzbekdancetradition-haveprofoundlyshapedmylifeandbroughtmeboundlessjoy,whichcontinuestobetherhythmofmylife.Ineverystepandmovement,Ifindaconnectiontothediverseworldofdanceandacelebrationoftheuniversallanguageofjoy,movement,andconnection.”（这两个世界——中国充满活力的公共舞蹈和丰富的乌兹别克传统舞蹈——深刻地塑造了我的生活，给我带来了无限的快乐，这一直是我生活的节奏。）可知，作者认为舞蹈建立了她与中国和乌兹别克斯坦文化的联系，使她的生活充满快乐，推断出B项“舞动一生:两种文化的故事”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。CAsleepinganimalcannotlookforfoodorfleefromdanger.Butthefactthatsleepiswidespreadamonganimalsshowsitsrestorativepowersareessential.Someanimals,though,trytohavetheircakeandeatit.Dolphinsandduckssleepwithhalftheirbrains,leavingtheotherhalfonguard.ApaperinSciencebyDrLereportsanotherinnovativeworkaround.Chinstrappenguinstaketheirsleepinthousandsofnaps,tinymicro-sleeps-oratleastwhentheyarenesting.Chinstrapssleepwitheithertheirwholebrainorjustonehalf.Dataconfirmedtheysleepintheoceanoronland.Duckssleepinlongperiods,whilethepenguinsnodofforseveralsecondsatatime,hundredsoftimesanhour.Thenapsaverage4secondsinlength;72%lastedlessthan10seconds.Micro-sleepsaren’tunknown.Exhaustedhumans,likejet-lagged(倒时差)touristsandparentsofnewbornbabies,canexperiencethem.Totalingtheduration,theresearchersconcludedChinstrapsgetaround12hoursofsleepdaily.TwoexplanationsaregivenforChinstraps’sleeppattern.Thefirstistodowithexternalthreats.Penguinshatcheggsalonewhiletheirpartnersareawayseekingforfood.Colonies(领地)arethreatenedbybigbirdsthat’llstealunattendedeggs.Brokensleepisacleverstrategyofgettingsomeshut-eyeduringlongegg-guardingperiods.Penguinswithnestsneartheedgeofthecolonyareatgreaterriskthanthoseinthecentre,butenjoymoreextendednaps.Thesecondisthreatsfromwithin,aspenguincoloniesarenoisy,crowdedplaces.Theystealnestingmaterialsfromcarelessneighbors,sopenguinsinthecrime-riddencentrefindithardertosleepthanthoseinthesafersuburbs.Choosingbetweenthosetheoriesrequiresmoreresearch.DrLeesaid,“Norcanwemeasurehowrestorativesuchnapsare.Chinstrapsareevidentlyabletohatchtheiryoungundersuchconditions,whichsuggeststhey’regettingsomethingfromtheirconstantnodding-off.So,humansnurturingtheirnewbornsshouldtakeheart.”8.Whydodolphinsandduckssleepwithonlyonesideoftheirbrains?A.Toenjoytheircake. B.Toestablishanicenest.C.Tobewatchfulduringnaps. D.Toobtainhigh-qualitysleep.9.WhatdoesChinstraps’sleeppatternfeature?A.Engaginginnumerousnapsaday. B.Sleepingnowherebeyondtheocean.C.Rangingfrom4secondsto12hours. D.Alwayssleepingwiththeentirebrain.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexplanationsinparagraph3?A.Penguinslivesafelyinnaturalcolonies. B.Penguinsencounteravarietyofchallenges.C.Penguinshatchtheireggsawayfromcolony. D.Penguinsatthecoreofthecolonysleeplonger.11.WhatdoesDrLeethinkofChinstraps’micro-naps?A.Theirdurationishardtodetect. B.Theydistracttherestorativeeffects.C.Adoptingthemaidshumannewborns. D.Takingthissleepmodefavorspenguins.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海豚和鸭子睡觉时只用一侧大脑是因为小睡时要保持警觉。其中帽带企鹅选择了一天小睡很多次的睡眠模式，文章分析了这一行为背后的原因以及好处。【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Dolphinsandduckssleepwithhalftheirbrains,leavingtheotherhalfonguard.(海豚和鸭子睡觉时用一半的大脑，另一半则处于戒备状态)”可知，海豚和鸭子睡觉时只用一侧大脑是因为小睡时要保持警觉。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Duckssleepinlongperiods,whilethepenguinsnodofforseveralsecondsatatime,hundredsoftimesanhour.(鸭子的睡眠时间很长，而这种企鹅每次打盹几秒钟，一小时打盹数百次)”可知，帽带企鹅的睡眠模式是一天小睡很多次。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thefirstistodowithexternalthreats.Penguinshatcheggsalonewhiletheirpartnersareawayseekingforfood.Colonies(领地)arethreatenedbybigbirdsthat’llstealunattendedeggs.(首先是外部威胁。企鹅在同伴外出觅食时独自孵化蛋。领地受到大鸟的威胁，它们会偷走无人看管的鸟蛋)”可推知，企鹅遇到各种各样的挑战。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Chinstrapsareevidentlyabletohatchtheiryoungundersuchconditions,whichsuggeststhey’regettingsomethingfromtheirconstantnodding-off.(帽带企鹅显然能够在这样的条件下孵化它们的后代，这表明它们从不断的打盹中得到了一些东西)”可知，李博士认为帽带企鹅的“微小睡”睡眠模式有利于企鹅。故选D。DClairehasworkedatamajorLondon-basedconsultingfirmforsixyears.Sheenjoysherjobandearnsacomfortablesalary,butrecently,she’sstartedtofeelrestlessaboutthefutureofhercareer.Thereason:artificialintelligence.Inrecentyears,asheadlinesaboutrobotsstealinghumanjobshaveballooned,someworkersreportstartingtofeelanxiousabouttheirfuturesinthelabourmarket.GenerativeOpenAI’sChatGPTbrokeoutseeminglyovernight,creatingcontinuinguncertaintyforworkers.CarolynMontrose,acareercoachandlectureratColumbiaUniversity,acknowledgesthepaceoftechnologicalinnovationcanbescary.“ItisnormaltofeelanxiousabouttheimpactofAI,butworkersdon’tnecessarilyhavetofeeldread.InsteadofshyingawayfromAI,employeesmustleanintothetechnologytoprogressalongsidetheseadvancementsbylearningandusingittotheiradvantage.”Historically,thisisn’tthefirsttimewehaveencounteredindustrydisruptions-fromautomationandmanufacturingtoe-commerce-wehavefoundwaystoadapt.Indeed,theintroductionofnewtechnologyhasoftenbeenunnervingforsomepeople,butMontroseexplainsthatplentygoodhascomefrompastnewdevelopments:technologicalchangehasalwaysbeenakeypushforsociety’sadvancement.Althoughsomeanxietyisjustified,itmaynotbetimetohitthepanicbuttonyet.Someresearchhasshownfearsofrobotstakingoverhumanjobsmightbeoverblown.Thetruthwasthatnotonlyarerobotsnotreplacinghumanworkersattheratemostpeoplebelieve,buttheyalsomisunderstandtherateatwhichautomationtoolsaretakingover.Whilesomenewtechnologieswouldlikelybeadoptedwithoutconsideringallimplications,thatatechnologycanbeusedforsomethingdoesnotmeanitwillbeimplemented(实施).“Humanswillalwayshavearoletoplayinbusinessbyperformingtheimportantworkthatrobotscannot.Thiskindofworktypicallyrequiresinbornhumanqualities,suchasrelationshipbuilding,creativityandemotionalintelligence,”emphasizesStefanieColeman,aseniorbusinessadvisor.“Recognizingtheuniquevalueofhumansisanimportantstepinnavigatingthefearssurroundingthistopic.12.WhatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningClaire?A.ArecognitionforthepowerofAI. B.Awell-paidpostClairecansoeasilyland.C.Workers’concernaboutfutureemployment. D.TheconvenienceAIhasbroughttoemployees.13.WhatdoesMontrosesuggestinparagraph3?A.Acknowledgeandembracethenew. B.StayawayfromChatGPTandthelike.C.IgnoreAI’sexistenceforthetimebeing. D.Feeluncomfortablewithnewtechnology.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disruptions”inparagraph4mean?A.Disorders. B.Revolutions. C.Suspensions. D.Products.15.WhyarehumansirreplaceableaccordingtoStefanieColeman?A.Robotsaretoocostly. B.AIhasbeenunreliable.C.AIisnotadvancedenough. D.Humanshaveuniquequalities.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了近年来，随着机器人抢走人类工作的新闻铺天盖地，一些工人报告称，他们开始对自己在劳动力市场的未来感到焦虑。尽管有些焦虑是合理的，但现在可能还不是按下恐慌按钮的时候。【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.D【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ClairehasworkedatamajorLondon-basedconsultingfirmforsixyears.Sheenjoysherjobandearnsacomfortablesalary,butrecently,she’sstartedtofeelrestlessaboutthefutureofhercareer.Thereason:artificialintelligence.(克莱尔在伦敦一家大型咨询公司工作了六年。她喜欢自己的工作，薪水也不错，但最近，她开始对自己的职业前景感到不安。原因是：人工智能。)”可推知，作者试图通过提到克莱尔来说明工人对未来就业的担忧。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ItisnormaltofeelanxiousabouttheimpactofAI,butworkersdon’tnecessarilyhavetofeeldread.InsteadofshyingawayfromAI,employeesmustleanintothetechnologytoprogressalongsidetheseadvancementsbylearningandusingittotheiradvantage.(对人工智能的影响感到焦虑是正常的，但员工不一定要感到恐惧。员工们不应该回避人工智能，而是必须学习并利用它，与这些进步一起进步。)”可知，蒙特罗斯在第三段暗示要承认并拥抱新事物。故选A。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Indeed,theintroductionofnewtechnologyhasoftenbeenunnervingforsomepeople,butMontroseexplainsthatplentygoodhascomefrompastnewdevelopments:technologicalchangehasalwaysbeenakeypushforsociety’sadvancement.(的确，新技术的引入常常让一些人感到不安，但蒙特罗斯解释说，过去的新发展带来了很多好处：技术变革一直是推动社会进步的关键因素。)”以及划线词上文“Historically,thisisn’tthefirsttimewehaveencounteredindustry”可知，后文提到了新技术的引入常常让一些人感到不安，过去的新发展带来了很多好处，由此说明从历史上看，这不是我们第一次遇到行业混乱了，故划线词意思是“混乱”。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Humanswillalwayshavearoletoplayinbusinessbyperformingtheimportantworkthatrobotscannot.Thiskindofworktypicallyrequiresinbornhumanqualities,suchasrelationshipbuilding,creativityandemotionalintelligence(通过完成机器人无法完成的重要工作，人类将永远在商业中发挥作用。这类工作通常需要人类与生俱来的品质，比如建立关系、创造力和情商)”可知，斯蒂芬妮·科尔曼认为人类是不可替代的因为人类有独特的品质。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’sDecemberandthere’sadefinitechillintheair.Thelastthingyouprobablyfeellikedoinginwinterisopeningawindow,turningdownthecentralheatingandshiftingworkoutsfromawarm,cosygymtotheoutdoors.____16____Here’showexpertssaywecanembraceit.Hopoffthetreadmill(跑步机)andheadoutdoorsforagreaterfitnesseffect.Coldasitseemsoutdoors,running,cyclingorwalkinginwinternotonlyaregoodforyou,butalsomakeyoufeeleasieronceyougetmoving.Providedconditionsarenotfreezing,ourbodiestendtorespondpositivelytocolderweatherworkouts.Comparedwithexercisingintheheat,thereislessstressontheheart.____17____Coolyourbedroomtoburnextracaloriesandsleepwell.Underfloorheatingandaquiltmightmakeyourbedroomfeelcosybuttheywon’thelpyousleep.____18____Bygraduallycoolingthetemperatureinyourbedroomyoucoulddropoffmoreeasilyandburnmorecaloriesevenasyousleep.Turndownthecentralheatingtoimproveyourbloodsugarcontrol.Studieshaveshownhowrepeatedexposuretocoldertemperaturesremovessugarfromthebloodquickly,ariskfactorfordiabetes(糖尿病).____19____Thatwouldjustmakethehouseholdcoldanduncomfortable,soweshouldreduceitslowlysothatnobodynotices.____20____Oneofthesimplestwaystoinjectthebenefitsofcoldertemperaturesintoyourlifestyleiscoldwaterintheshower,whichcouldpotentiallyhaveaprofoundeffectonmood.Additionally,thecold-watershowercanstimulateleukocytes,bloodcellsthatfightagainstinfection.A.Takeanoutdoordiptorelievestress.B.Therefore,itislikelytofeellessofaneffort.C.Neitherwilltheybetteryourhealthandfat-burningpotential.D.Thekeyisnottolowerthetemperaturebyseveraldegreessuddenly.E.Takeacoldshowertoboostyourmoodandsupportyourimmunesystem.F.Butembracing,ratherthanavoidingcoldtemperatures,canenhancehealth.G.Beingsouncomfortablycoldthatweshakeisnotrequiredforahealthboost.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了在寒冷的冬季如何通过接受而非避免低温来增强健康。【答案】16.F17.B18.C19.D20.E【16题详解】根据上文“Thelastthingyouprobablyfeellikedoinginwinterisopeningawindow,turningdownthecentralheatingandshiftingworkoutsfromawarm,cosygymtotheoutdoors.(冬季里，你最不愿意做的事情可能就是打开窗户、调低室内集中供暖的温度，并且把锻炼场所从温暖舒适的健身房转移到户外)”可知，此处上下文说的是不要逃避寒冷的气温，与F项“Butembracing,ratherthanavoidingcoldtemperatures,canenhancehealth.(但是，拥抱而非逃避寒冷的气温，可以增强健康)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。【17题详解】根据上文“Providedconditionsarenotfreezing,ourbodiestendtorespondpositivelytocolderweatherworkouts.Comparedwithexercisingintheheat,thereislessstressontheheart.(在不冰冷的条件下，我们的身体往往会对寒冷天气的锻炼做出积极反应。与在高温下锻炼相比，心脏的压力更小)”可知，此处上下文说的是在不是太冷的条件下，心脏压力会更小，使人感觉不那么费力，与B项“Therefore,itislikelytofeellessofaneffort.(因此，这可能会让人感觉不那么费力)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。【18题详解】根据上文“Underfloorheatingandaquiltmightmakeyourbedroomfeelcosybuttheywon’thelpyousleep.(地暖和被子可能会让你的卧室感觉舒适，但它们不会帮助你入睡)”可知，此处上下文说的是地暖和被子对健康的不利之处，与C项“Neitherwilltheybetteryourhealthandfat-burningpotential.(它们也不会改善你的健康状况或提高脂肪燃烧的可能性)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。【19题详解】根据下文“Thatwouldjustmakethehouseholdcoldanduncomfortable,soweshouldreduceitslowlysothatnobodynotices.(这只会让家里变得寒冷和不舒服，所以我们应该慢慢减少，这样就不会有人注意到)”可知，上文说的是不要突然把温度降低太多，与D项“Thekeyisnottolowerthetemperaturebyseveraldegreessuddenly.(关键是不要突然把温度降低几度)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。【20题详解】根据下文“Oneofthesimplestwaystoinjectthebenefitsofcoldertemperaturesintoyourlifestyleiscoldwaterintheshower,whichcouldpotentiallyhaveaprofoundeffectonmood.Additionally,thecold-watershowercanstimulateleukocytes,bloodcellsthatfightagainstinfection.(将低温带来的好处注入生活方式的最简单方法之一是淋浴时的冷水，这可能会对情绪产生深远影响。此外，冷水淋浴可以刺激白细胞，即对抗感染的血细胞)”可知，本段说的是洗冷水澡对情绪以及免疫系统的有利影响，与E项“Takeacoldshowertoboostyourmoodandsupportyourimmunesystem.(洗个冷水澡可以增强你的情绪，支持你的免疫系统)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InRio,soccerwasnotonlyasportbutalsoalifestyle.Lamine’sflashy____21____andexcitinggameplaywerethedrivetohissuccess.HewasinateamcalledFCthathadthebestplayers.AsFCmadeittothesoccerfinal,____22____filledtheair.TheywereagainsttheirbiggestrivalsKD.Astheclockcounteddown,oneofLamine’steammates____23____theballovertoLamine.Withapowerful____24____,Lamineaimedforthegoal,theballsoaring(呼啸)throughtheair.Timeseemedtostopasthegoalkeeperleaped____25____.LuckwasnotatLamine’ssideastheballwasclearedbythedefender.Thereferee’swhistleblew,____26____thegame.Withthesunsetting,Lamine’sfatherfoundhimsitting____27____onthefield.Fatherwasonceaskilledsoccerplayer,knowingthe____28____thatcamewiththegame.HepattedLamineontheback,”Lamine,eventhegreatestplayerswould____29____chances.Don’tletonesetbackdefineyou.”Encouragedbyfather’swords,Lamine____30____andhuggedhim.Forthenextfewdays,theyspentmorningsandeveningsonthefield,____31____hisshotsandimprovinghisspeedandskills.Thenextgamearrived,andLaminezfoundhimselfina____32____position.Thistime,withaswiftmove,hedribbledpastdefendersand____33____theballintothenet.Thecrowderuptedincheers,andLamine’steammates____34____himcarryinghimtothesidelinestocelebrate.Laminewenttohughisdadtightly.“I’mproudofyou,son.I’ll____35____youmysignaturemoveinmyolddays.”hisfathersaid.21.A.brand B.figureC.passion D.promise22.A.wisdom B.strengthC.surprise D.excitement23.A.passed B.fetchedC.caught D.held24.A.kick B.fallC.threat D.lift25.A.cautiously B.desperatelyC.slightly D.anxiously26.A.speeding B.watchingC.ending D.playing27.A.asleep B.aloneC.noisy D.calm28.A.tricks B.awardsC.principles D.challenges29.A.miss B.treasureC.take D.meet30.A.pickedup B.laydownC.gotup D.brokedown31.A.creating B.practicingC.managing D.witnessing32.A.familiar B.responsibleC.strange D.flexible33.A.threw B.placedC.patted D.shot34.A.discovered B.surroundedC.comforted D.promoted35.A.pay B.lendC.show D.buy【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Lamine在一次比赛中射门失败，父亲鼓励了他，随后经过刻苦练习，Lamine最终成功射门的故事。【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.A25.B26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lamine闪耀的激情和令人兴奋的比赛技能是他成功的动力。A.brand品牌；B.figure数字；C.passion激情；D.promise承诺。根据后文“andexcitinggameplaywerethedrivetohissuccess”可知，Lamine能够获得成功，动力在于他的激情和比赛技能。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当FC成功进入决赛时，气氛激动不已。A.wisdom智慧；B.strength力量；C.surprise惊喜；D.excitement激动。根据后文“TheywereagainsttheirbiggestrivalsKD.(他们面对的是他们最大的对手KD)”可知，比赛进入到了决赛，他们面对的是他们最大的对手KD，所以气氛很激动。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，Lamine的一个队友把球传给了Lamine。A.passed通过；B.fetched取来；C.caught抓住；D.held举行。根据后文“theballovertoLamine”指球场上传球应用动词pass。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lamine一脚有力的踢向球门，球在空中飞升。A.kick踢球；B.fall落下；C.threat威胁；D.lift电梯。根据后文“Lamineaimedforthegoal,theballsoaringthroughtheair”可知，Lamine瞄准了球门踢球，应用kick。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：守门员奋力一跳，时间似乎停止了。A.cautiously谨慎地；B.desperately拼命地；C.slightly稍微；D.anxiously焦虑地。上文提到了Lamine要射门，结合常识，守门员应当是拼命拦球。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：裁判的哨响了，比赛结束了。A.speeding加速；B.watching观看；C.ending结束；D.playing玩耍。根据上文“Thereferee’swhistleblew”可知，吹哨表明比赛结束了。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：夕阳西下，Lamine的父亲发现他一个人坐在球场上。A.asleep睡着的；B.alone单独的；C.noisy吵闹的；D.calm平静的。根据上文“Withthesunsetting”以及比赛结束了，推测Lamine因为失败独自坐在球场上。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲曾经是一名熟练的足球运动员，深知足球带来的挑战。A.tricks诡计；B.awards奖励；C.principles原则；D.challenges挑战。根据上文“Fatherwasonceaskilledsoccerplayer,knowingthe”以及Lamine射门失败的经历，可知此处指足球运动中存在挑战。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lamine，即使是最伟大的球员也会错过机会。A.miss错过；B.treasure珍爱；C.take带走；D.meet遇见。根据后文“Don’tletonesetbackdefineyou.(不要让一次挫折定义了你)”可知，此处指伟大的球员错失机会。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：受到父亲的话的鼓励，Lamine站起来拥抱了他。A.pickedup捡起；B.laydown放下；C.gotup起来；D.brokedown出故障。根据前文“Lamine’sfatherfoundhimsitting”和后文“andhuggedhim”可知，受到父亲的话的鼓励，Lamine站起来拥抱了他。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，他们早晚都在球场上练习他的投篮，提高他的速度和技术。A.creating创造；B.practicing练习；C.managing设法；D.witnessing目击。根据后文“hisshotsandimprovinghisspeedandskills”可知，他们在接下来几天都投入练习。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下一场比赛来了，Lamine发现自己又回到了一个熟悉的位置。A.familiar熟悉的；B.responsible负责的；C.strange奇怪的；D.flexible灵活的。后文“Thistime,withaswiftmove,hedribbledpastdefenders”提到Lamine再次射门，可知是回到了上一次失败的位置，即熟悉的位置上。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，他动作迅速，带球越过防守队员，将球射入网中。A.threw扔；B.placed放置；C.patted轻拍；D.shot射门。根据后文“theballintothenet”指Lamine带球越过防守队员，将球射入球门中。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人群中爆发出欢呼声，Lamine的队友包围了他，把他抬到场边庆祝。A.discovered发现；B.surrounded围绕；C.comforted安慰；D.promoted促进。根据后文“himcarryinghimtothesidelinestocelebrate”可知，球队成功射门，Lamine的队友包围了他，把他抬到场边庆祝。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给你看看我以前的招牌动作。A.pay支付；B.lend借给；C.show展示；D.buy购买。根据后文“youmysignaturemoveinmyolddays”可知，父亲要给Lamine展示自己以前的招牌动作。故选C。第Ⅱ卷(满分55分)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inrecentdecades,ChinahasfulfilledthetaskoftheYungangGrottoesinShanxiProvince,thankstotheeffortsofresearchers.Itwasagreatchallengetopreservethehistoricaland____36____(culture)heritagesitethatwascreatedmorethan1,500yearsagoinanycountry.YungangGrottoes,____37____stretchforaboutonekmfromeasttowest,arelocatedinDatong.Thereare45maincavesalongthemountain,____38____(house)morethan59,000statues.In2001,YungangGrottoes____39____(add)ontotheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist.UNESCOsaidthesitehas____40____universalvalueasitrepresentstheoutstandingachievementsofBuddhistcaveartinChina.YungangGrottoeswere____41____(original)builtduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386-534).TheGrottoesarelikeathousand-year-oldhistoricalbook____42____(carve)oncliffsandrocks.Theyrecordedthechangesoftimeand____43____(witness)thestories,exchanges,andintegrationsamongpeopleofvariousethnicgroups.Whileproudofitsincreasing____44____(recognize)inglobalacademiccircles,thelocalauthoritiesandresearchersunderstandprotectingthispreciousheritagesitehasbecomeapressingchallenge.Oneofthesolutionsforpreservationistoapplyspecialmaterialsonthewallsofthecaves_____45_____(coat)andpreventthemfrombeingerodedbywindandwater.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近几十年来，由于研究人员的努力，中国完成了山西云冈石窟的任务。云冈石窟具有普遍价值，因为它代表了中国佛教洞穴艺术的杰出成就。【答案】36.cultural37.which38.housing39.wereadded40.a41.originally42.carved43.witnessed44.recognition45.tocoat【36题详解】考查形容