Unit1ScienceFiction单词讲解学案-高中英语人教版选择性

新人教版（2019）英语选修性必修四Unit1ScienceFictionWordsandExpressionsImportantwords1.guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的【热点归纳】guiltn.内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行beguiltyof犯有……罪be/feelguiltyabout/over/for...对...感到内疚/有愧【考点精练】（1).我因为说了谎话而感到内疚。（2).Shehadfeelingsof_______aboutleavingherchildrenandgoingtowork.（3).Itwasridiculousthatthecorruptofficialwasdeclarednotguilty___corruption.Answers:guilt;of2.ridiculousadj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的【热点归纳】Itis/wasridiculousthat...……是荒谬的。aridiculousidea荒唐的主意lookridiculous看上去可笑soundridiculous听起来荒谬absolutely/totallyridiculous荒谬绝伦【考点精练】:完成句子(1).（……是荒谬的）theyareshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining.(2).She（看上去很可笑）inthishatwhileshewasfondofthestyle.(3).Itsoundedlike（荒唐的主意）.However，itwastheideathatledtothisinvention.Answers:Itisridiculousthat;lookedridiculous;aridiculousidea3.suspendvt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓【热点归纳】suspend...from...把……悬挂在……上，暂令……停职(停学)suspensen.悬念；焦虑insuspense悬而未决【考点精练】(1)Julie(suspend)fromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.(2)Thewonderfulfilmgavemeagoodexperiencebecauseofits_________(suspend).(3)Hedidn'ttellmethetruth，whichkeptmesuspenseallday.Answers:wassuspend;suspense;in4.dismissvt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除【知识归纳】dismisssb.forsth.因……而解雇/开除某人dismisssb.fromsth.解雇/开除某人【考点精练】Theservant___________(dismiss)forbeinglazyanddishonest.Sheclaimedshewasunfairlydismissed______herpost.Answers:wasdismissed;from5.appointmentn.预约；约会；委任【热点归纳】make/haveanappointmentwithsb.和某人有约keepanappointment赴约byappointment按照预约appointv.任命；委派；安排，约定appointsb.(as/tobe)任命某人(为……)appointsb.todosth.指派某人去做某事【考点精练】(1)I’minghereby(appoint)tocollectmysalaryandbonus.(2)She_______________(appoint)mayorofthecityforherintegrityandwhatshehaddoneforthepublic.(3)MrBlackisacarefulandexperiencedengineersoheisoftenappointed__________(deal)withsomechallengingtasks.Answers:appointment;wasappointed;todeal6.dignityn.庄重；庄严；尊严教材原句:Healwaystreatedherwithdignity. 托尼处理一些事情总是让她觉得很有尊严。【热点归纳】withdignity有尊严地；体面地【考点精练】单词拼写/单句语法填空1.Wedothisbecausewebelieveinthe___________（尊严）andvalueofeveryperson.2.Theterminallyill（绝症患者）shouldbeallowedtodie_________dignity.Answers:dignity;with7.declarevt.表明；宣称；公布【热点归纳】declaresb./sth.tobe宣布某人或某事是……declarefor/against赞成/反对……declarewar(on...)(向……)宣战declarethat宣布……【考点精练】(1)Thechairmandeclared___________suspendingthedecisiontoincreasetheemployees’salary.(2)Hehadathirdexaminationand________________(declare)unfitforduty.(3)It______________(declare)thattherewillbenoschoolthisafternoon.Answers:for;wasdeclared;isdeclared[易混辨析]declare，announce※declare一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，其后可跟复合宾语，还有“断言，宣称”之意。※announce多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。【考点精练】:announce，declare1.Thegovernmenthasplanstocreate10,000newjobs.2.InSeptember，thegovernmentwaronthedrugdealers.Answers:announced;declaredpace1）n.速度；步伐；节奏；(跑或走的)一步2）vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏；以脚步丈量【热点归纳】atasteady/gentlepace以稳定的/徐缓的速度atone'sownpace按照某人自己的节奏keeppacewithsth/sb与某物/某人并驾齐驱，步调一致setthepace确定速度；领先paceupanddown踱来踱去【考点精练】翻译：1）那位导演步测了舞台的长度。2）他开始在屋里踱来踱去。Answers：Thedirectorpacedoutthelengthofthestage；Hebeganto

pace

up

and

down

inthe

room.9.urge1)n.强烈的欲望；冲动2)vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐教材原句P8Ihadastrongurgetolookattherandomthingsthatwerebeingflashedbeforemyeyes!我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些随机在我眼前闪过的东西!【热点归纳】anurgeforsuccess成功的欲望haveanurgetodosth有做某事的冲动urgesbtodosth力劝某人做某事urgesthon/uponsb强烈要求某人某事urgethat...竭力主张……Itis/wasurgedthat...坚决主张……(从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”形式，should可省略)拓展：adj:urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的inurgentneedof...急需……n.urgencyn.紧急；急迫amatterofgreaturgency极为迫切的问题【考点精练】这份报告呼吁应教会所有的儿童游泳。Thereport________thatallchildren____________________________.2）这笔钱用于较紧迫的事情也许会好些。Themoneycouldbebetterspentonmore____________cases.Answers：urges;(should)betaughttoswim;urgent10.divisionn.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)教材原句P8Thesunandmoonlookedasiftheywerebeingthrownacrossthesky，butsoontherewasdivisionbetweennightandday.太阳和月亮看起来好像被抛起来划过了天空，但很快就有了昼与夜的分隔【热点归纳】dividevi.&vt.把……隔开；分配；分享o...把……分成……divide(up)sthamong/between...在……之间分配/分【考点精练】该国可以被分为三个主要地区。Thecountrycan________________________.Answers：bedividedintothreemainareasImportantphrases1.testout检验；测试教材原句】ItwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry’swife，Claire.它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔测试。【考点精练】1.testv._______________________n._________testonsth_______________testout_______________2.standthetestoftime______________________3.Onceeachteacherspentanhour,onedayaweek,_________(test)pupilsineverysubject.

4.Itmaybefiveorsixyearsbeforethenewdrugcan___________(test)onhumans.

Answers:测验；考试/测试；在...上做试验；测试；经得起时间考验；testing;betested2.orrather更确切地说【教材原句】SoClaireborrowedsomelibrarybooksforhimtoread，orrather,scan.于是克莱尔借了一些图书馆的书给他看，更确切地说给他扫描一下。【归纳拓展】ratherthan而不是otherthan除……之外morethan很，非常；超过；不仅仅是【考点精练】①Thechildrenarelearningtoeat.，theyarelearningtablemanners.②Mary，you，wasrewardedthefirstprizeinthepetition.③Idon’tknowanyFrenchpeopleyou.④Heisourteacher.Heisalsoourbestfriend.Answers:orrather;ratherthan;otherthan;morethan3.turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是教材原句P8Nightcameasifalampwasbeingturnedout,andinanothermomentcametheday.黑夜来临了，仿佛一盏灯被熄灭了，转瞬之间，白天来临了常见用法turnout(tobe)...最后结果是……；最终成为……Itturns/turnedoutthat...结果是……；证明是……Thingsturnedouttobeexactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.事情最终正如这位教授所预见的那样。Itturnsoutthatheisinnocent.=Heturnsouttobeinnocent.结果表明他是无辜的。联想拓展含有turn的其他常用短语turnagainst(使)反对；(使)与……反目turnaway拒绝；把……打发走turndown调低；拒绝turnup调高；出现turnin上交；交还turnon打开turnoff关闭turnto转向；翻到；求助于；(使)变成turnover翻页；(使)翻转；移交【考点精练】我们一直期待的晚会结果让人很失望。Thepartywehadbeenlookingforwardto____________________________.Answers：turnedouttobeagreatdisappointment.Importantsentences1.Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.他看起来更像一个人而不是一台机器。【热点归纳】more...than...的基本用法“比……更……”，特殊用法“与其说……不如说……”，“是……而不是……”。morethan与数词连用，意为“超过；不止”，相当于over；morethan与名词连用，意为“不只是；不仅仅……”，相当于notonly；morethan与形容词、副词连用，意为“非常，很”，相当于very。【考点精练】:把下列句子翻译成中文(1)Sheismorethanateachertous.Sheisourfriend.(2)Whatthesaleswomanwatchedlastnightwasmorelikeasciencefictionfilmthananewproductlaunch.Answers:2.Assheturnedaround，therestoodGladysClaffern.【句式分析】将here，there，now，then，in，out，off，away等表示地点或时间的副词或者介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词时，主谓用完全倒装。当主语为代词时，主谓语序不变【考点精练】:补全句子(1)Inthedarkcorneroftheroom，___________________(那只猫跳了起来)andcaughtthemouse.(2)我们走了。_______we_________.(3)老师来了。Here_________________.(4)Theplaneflewaway.Away_________________.Answers:upjumpedthecat;Of,go;estheteacher;flewtheplane3.suggest（that）+主语+（should）do...建议某人做某事【归纳拓展】Itissuggestedthat+主语+（should）do...Thesuggestionisthat+主语+（should）do...【误区警示】（1）suggest表示“建议”时，后面不能接todo，但可以接动词ing形式，即suggestdoingsth.。Thecoachsuggestedhavinganothermatch.教练建议再进行一场比赛。（2）suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshewasill，andherparentssuggestedthatshe（should）haveamedicalexamination.简苍白的脸表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医疗检查。【考点精练】单句语法填空①［2020•天津卷］Tohelpuspreparefortheexam，theteachersuggested（read）throughournotes.②Mydeskmate’ssleepylooksuggestedthathe（be）tiredofhisstudyandIsuggestedthathe（have）arest. ③Thesuggestionisallthepeoplewhowilljoininpickingapplesshouldwearahatandapairofgloves.句型转换④ItissuggestedthatyoushouldspendmoretimestudyingEnglish.→_______________________________________________________________Answers:reading;was;have;that;ThesuggestionisthatyoushouldspendmoretimestudyingEnglish.Exercises：短语填空1.出差去beaway______abusinesstrip 2.看上去更像人类而不像机器seemmorelikeahuman______amachine 3.高大英俊，头发光滑，声音低沉tallandhandsome______smoothhairandadeepvoice 4.逐渐欣赏某人的智慧和诚实正直graduallyadmireone’s__________________________5.有尊严地_________dignity 6.提高某人的社会地位___________one’ssocialposition7.作为恩惠_______afavour8.涂指甲_____________________________9.对某人粗鲁无礼be________________________ 10.改变态度；转变态度___________________________11.在恋爱；在交往be_______arelationship 12.稳步改进worksteadily_______theimprovements13.推开某人pushsb________ 14.感觉不只是想取悦某人feel__________________justthedesiretopleasesbAnswers:on;than;with;wisdomandintegrity;with;improve;as;paintone’snails;rudetosb;changeone’sattitude;in;on;away;morethan单句填空1.It’sridiculousthatthiscountrydeclaredwarfourcountriesatthesametime.2.Indoingscientificexperiments，onemustbemorecarefulwiththeinstruments.3.Thesecretpolice(suspend)theirvictimsfromtheceilingandbeatthem.4.Accordingtothenewevidence，thesaleswomanwasdeclared(guilt)ofmurder.5.Amongthebiggestproblemsfacedbyt