无锡外国语学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期初考试英语试题（解析版）

解析第21页/共21页无锡外国语学校2022～2023学年度第一学期高一期初考英语试题考试时间：120分钟总分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandoaftertheconversation?A.Gotoasupermarket.B.Gohomewiththeman.C.Continueworking.2.Wheredothespeakersmostprobablylive?A.Inthecountry.B.Inthetown.C.Inthecity.3.What’stheman’splanfortheweekend?A.Tojointhewomanforanouting.B.Torelaxthewholeweekend.C.Toworkonhisschoolpaper.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasalockeratschool.B.HedislikesschoollifeC.Hedoesn’tstudyhard.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthebusinesshours?A.8:30amto4:30pmonworkdays.B.8:30amto3:30pmonSaturday.C.9:00amto3:30pmonSundays.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthewomangettheshoes?A.Recently.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastyear.7.Whydidn’tthewomanweartheshoes?A.Becauseshehadtoomanyshoes.B.Becausetheydidn’tfitherfeet.C.Becauseshedidn’tlikethem.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atthemarket.C.Athome.9.Whatdoestheconversationshowaboutthewoman?A.Sheiscareless.B.Sheistalkative.C.Shehasagoodmemory.听第8段材料，回答10至12题。10.What’sthewoman’spurposeofaskingforaniPad?A.Tostudy.B.Toreadbooks.C.Toplaygames11.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Thewomancannotfinde-books.B.Thewomancan’ttakenotesbyusinganiPad.C.Thewomancan’tgoovernoteseasily.12.Whatwillthemandoforthewomanintheend?A.HewillrefusetobuyaniPad.B.He’llgetaniPadforher.C.He’llbuymorenotebooksforher.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdidtheman’ssisterdolastsummer?A.Shetookatrip.B.Shedidpetwalking.C.Shedidbaby-sitting.14.Whywon’tthewomandopet-walking?A.Becauseshehashoenoughtime.B.Becauseshethinksitisboring.C.Becauseshedoesn’tlikeanimals.15.Whatwillthewomando?A.Washdishes.B.Teachscience.C.Baby-sitakid.16.Whowillthemangiveaphonecallto?A.Hiscousin.B.Hisnephew.C.Hisister.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whereisthespeakernow?A.InAthens.B.InAlabama.C.InNewYork.18.Howlargeisthespeaker’scountry?A.131,957squaremiles.B.50,949squarekitometers.C.131,957quarekilometers.19.Whatdoesthegovernmentofthespeaker’scountrythinkisimportant?A.Education.B.Languagelearning.C.Agriculture.20.Whatdoesthespeakerdoattheendofthetext?A.Heintroducessomemainproductsofhiscountry.B.Heexplainswhyhiscountryisworthvisiting.C.Heencouragesthelistenerstovisithiscountry.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACamberwellCollegeSwimmingPoolsCamberwellCollegeofArtshasone50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,andone25mpoolwitha1mshallowendanda4mdeepend.Bothpoolsmaybeusedbythegeneralpublicatcertaintimes.50mPoolThepoolisoftenusedforclasses,butthegeneralpublicmayusetwolanes（泳道）forlaneswimmingatthefollowingtimes.Monday:06:30-11:30and19:00-21:00Tuesday:06:30-11:30and18:00-21:00Wednesday:06:30-13:30and17:30-21:30Thursday:06:30-13:30Friday:06:30-13:30Weekends:09:00-17:00Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.Call04837393560forup-to-dateinformation.25mPoolThe25mpoolisavailableforrecreational(non-lane)swimmingfrom07:00-09:00and12:30-13:30onweekdays,and10:00-16:00onSaturdays.Childrenaged12andundermustbeaccompanied.Weregretthatthe25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.Themen’schangingroomswillbeclosedfortheweekbeginning19thAugust,andthewomen’schangingroomswillbeclosedthefollowingweek.Alternative（可选用的）changingroomswillbemadeavailable.We’resorryforthis.1.Whencanthegeneralpublicusethe50mpoolonSundays?A.06:30. B.13:30.C.18:00. D.21:00.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthe50mpool?A.It’s4metersdeep. B.It’susuallyusedforteaching.C.It’sunsuitableforchildrenunder14. D.It’sunavailableduringCollegeholidays.3.The25mpoolwillbeclosed________.A.foraweek B.on26thAugustC.on19thAugust D.foraboutamonth【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了CamberwellCollege两个游泳池的详细情况，对公众的开放时间以及注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据50mPool中“Weekends:09:00-17:00”可知50米的游泳池在周末对公众开放的时间是09:00-17:00，四个选项中只有13:30在此时间段内，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据50mPool中“Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses”可知，该泳池经常用于教学。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“the25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.”可知，25米的泳池将在7月21日到8月18日之间重新装修，关闭大约1个月时间。故选D。【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文介绍了CamberwellCollege两个游泳池的详细情况，对公众的开放时间，注意事项和情况通知。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2考查文章细节，根据第一段one50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,可知这个游泳池的深度是2米，A错误。根据Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses可知这个泳池常用于教学，B正确。根据Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.可知14岁以下儿童必须在成人陪伴下游泳，不是不适合游泳。C错误。根据PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.可知大学假期期间时间有所变动，不是不能使用。D错误。BIstudyEnglishliteratureatuniversityandhavealwaysbeenproudofBritain’sliteraryheritage(文学遗产).SomeBritishauthorsthatyoumayhaveheardofareCharlesDickensandJaneAusten.Thesewritersarefamousallovertheworldbecausetheirbookshavebeentranslatedintomanydifferentlanguages.IntheUK,theirnovelsarecelebratedassomeofthebestthathaveeverbeenwritten.Wesaythatthesenovelsare“classic”becausetheyarestillreadandenjoyedyearsaftertheirpublication.IreadclassicnovelsbecausetheyarepartofmyuniversitylessonsbutalsobecauseIenjoythem.Theycanteachyoualotabouthowpeopleusedtoliveandwhatsocietywaslikeinthepast.NovelslikeHardTimesbyCharlesDickensremindusofthepovertyinLondonduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhileJaneAusten’sfictionshowsuswhatfamilylifewaslikeinthe18thcentury.Classicnovelsusuallyhavememorablestorieslandinterestingcharacters.OneofmyfavouritebooksisCharlesDickensGreatExpectations.ItisaboutaboycalledPipwhosuddenlyreceivesalotofmoneyfromamysterioussupporter.Ashegrowsup,hischaracterchanges:hebecomesquiteselfishandmean.AnotherimportantcharacterisMissHavisham.Whenshewasyoung,herfiancéranawayontheirweddingday.Shelivesinadarkhouseandstillwearsherweddingdress.Sheisafascinatingcharacter,bothsadandscary.Readingclassicnovelsenrichesmyknowledgeandlifeexperience.Andithasbecomepartoflife.4.Whyaresomenovelscalled“classic”?A.Theystandthetestoftime.B.Theyaretaughtatuniversities.C.Theyarewrittenbyfamousauthors.D.Theyaretranslatedintomanylanguages.5.WhyisHardTimesmentionedinParagraph2?A.Tointroducetheuniversitylessons.B.ToremindpeopleofthepovertyinLondon.C.Toletpeopleknowaboutwhatfamilylifewaslike.D.Toproveclassicnovelshelppeopleknowthepast.6.WhatcanweknowaboutthecharacterMissHavisham?A.Sheisselfishandmean.BShelivesanunhappylife.C.Shelovesweddingdressesmost.D.Shebecomesrichwithothers’support.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhyIlikeclassicnovelsB.WhysomenovelsareclassicC.HowtoreadclassicnovelsD.Howtoteachclassicnovels【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中论述了自己喜欢经典小说的原因。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Wesaythatthesenovelsare‘classic’becausetheyarestillreadandenjoyedyearsaftertheirpublication.(我们说这些小说是“经典”，因为它们出版多年后仍被人们阅读和喜爱)”可知，有些小说被称为“经典”是因为他们经受住了时间的考验。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theycanteachyoualotabouthowpeopleusedtoliveandwhatsocietywaslikeinthepast.NovelslikeHardTimesbyCharlesDickensremindusofthepovertyinLondonduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhileJaneAusten’sfictionshowsuswhatfamilylifewaslikeinthe18thcentury.(他们可以教你很多关于过去人们如何生活和过去的社会是什么样子的东西。狄更斯的小说《艰难的时代》让我们想起了工业革命时期伦敦的贫困，而简·奥斯汀的小说则向我们展示了18世纪的家庭生活)”可推知，第二段中提到了HardTimes是为了证明经典小说能帮助人们了解过去。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AnotherimportantcharacterisMissHavisham.Whenshewasyoung,herfiancéranawayontheirweddingday.Shelivesinadarkhouseandstillwearsherweddingdress.Sheisafascinatingcharacter,bothsadandscary.(另一个重要的角色是郝薇香小姐。在她年轻的时候，她的未婚夫在他们的婚礼上逃跑了。她住在黑暗的房子里，还穿着她的婚纱。她是一个迷人的角色，既悲伤又可怕)”可推知，关于MissHavisham，我们能知道她过着不幸福的生活。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合文章最后的结语“Readingclassicnovelsenrichesmyknowledgeandlifeexperience.Andithasbecomepartoflife.(阅读经典小说丰富了我的知识和生活经验。它已经成为生活的一部分)”可知，作者在文中分析了喜欢经典小说的原因，所以“WhyIlikeclassicnovels(我为什么喜欢古典小说)”是最佳标题。故选A项。CThinkofaseedburiedinapot.It’sdarkdownthereinthepottingsoil.There’snolight,nosunshine.Sohowdoesitknowwhichwayisupandwhichwayisdown?Itdoesknow.Seedssendshootsuptowardthesky,androotstheotherway.Darknessdoesn’tconfusethem.Somehow,theygetitright.Moresurprisingly,ifyouturnaseedling(秧苗)orawholebunchofseedlingsupsidedown,asThomasAndrewKnightoftheRoyalSocietydidaround200yearsago,thetipsandrootsoftheplantwillsense,“Hey,I’mupsidedown.Look!IwillturnmywaytotherightdirectionanddoaU-turn.”Howdotheyknow?AccordingtobotanistDanielChamovitz,ThomasKnightabout200yearsagoguessedthatplantsmustsensegravity.Knightproveditwithacrazyexperimentinvolvingaspinningplate.Heattachedabunchofplantseedlingsontoadisc.Theplatewasthenturnedbyawaterwheelpoweredbyalocalstreamataspeedof150revolutions(旋转)perminuteforseveraldays.Ifyouhavebeenatanamusementparkinaspinningteacup,youknowthatbecauseofcentrifugalforce(离心力)yougetpushedawayfromthecenterofthespinningobjecttowardtheoutside.Knightwondered,wouldtheplantsrespondtothecentrifugalpullofgravityandpointtheirrootstotheoutsideofthespinningplate?Whenhelooked,that’swhatthey’ddone.Everyplantonthedischadrespondedtothepullofgravity,andpointeditsrootstotheoutside.Therootspointedout,andtheshootspointedin.SoThomasKnightprovedthatplantscananddosensethepull.8.HowdoestheauthorwriteabouttheyoungseedlinginParagraph2?A.Bydescribingvividly. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bytellingstones. D.Byaskingquestions.9.Whatdeterminesthedirectionthattheplantchoose?A.Soil. B.Sunshine.C.Darkness. D.Gravity.10.WhatdidKnight’sexperimentprove?A.Plantshavetheirowndesires. B.Plantscanfeelthepull.C.Speedinfluencesplants’growing. D.PlantscangrowquicklybydoingaU-turn.11.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybefound?A.Inabookreview. B.Inalifestylemagazine.C.Inascientificreport. D.Inanofficialdocument.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物通过自身感官感知到重力的作用，并对自身的生长方向做出调整。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hey,I’mupsidedown.Look!IwillturnmywaytotherightdirectionanddoaU-turn.(嘿，我倒过来了。看!我将转向正确的方向，做一个U型转弯)”可推知，作者用一种生活化的语气来生动地描述了幼苗调整自身生长形态的过程。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AccordingtobotanistDanielChamovitz,ThomasKnightabout200yearsagoguessedthatplantsmustsensegravity.Knightproveditwithacrazyexperimentinvolvingaspinningplate.(根据植物学家丹尼尔·查莫维茨，托马斯·奈特大约在200年前猜测植物一定能感知重力。奈特用一个旋转盘的疯狂实验证明了这一点)”可知，研究人员认为植物可以感知到重力的作用，并用实验证明了这一理论。由此推知，重力决定了植物的生长方向。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“SoThomasKnightprovedthatplantscananddosensethepull.(所以托马斯·奈特证明了植物能够也确实能感觉到引力)”可知，ThomasKnight的实验证明了植物可以感觉到引力的作用力。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了植物通过自身感官感知到重力的作用，并对自身的生长方向做出调整。属于科技报告，与书评、杂志和官方文件无关。故选C项。DMountaineershavenotedthatastheyclimb,forexample,uptothe12,633footHumphreysPeakinArizona,plantlifechangesgreatly.IntheSonoranDesert,oneclimbsintoapineforestat7,000feetandatreelesstundra(冻土带)onthetopofthemountain.Itmayseemthatplantsatagivenaltitudeareassociatedinwhatcanbecalled“communities”—groupingsofspecies.Theideaisthatovertime,plantsthatrequireparticularclimateandsoilconditionscometoliveinthesameplaces,andarefrequentlytobefoundtogether.Scientistsstudythehistoryofplantlifeandbuildupapictureofhowgroupsofplantshaverespondedtoclimatechangesandhowecosystemsdevelop.Butaretheseassociations,whicharerealinthepresent,permanent?Agreatnaturalexperimenttookplaceonthisplanetbetween25000and10,000yearsago,whensmallchangesintheearth’sorbitcausedgreatsheetsoficetospreadfrompoles.Theseglaciers(冰川)coveredmuchofNorthAmericaandEuropetodepthsofuptotwomiles,andthen,astheclimatewarmed,theyretreated.Duringthisretreat,theyleftbehindnewlyuncoveredlandforlivingthingstooccupy,andasthoselivingthingsmovedintheylaiddownarecordwecanreadnow.Astheiceretreatedandplantsstartedtogrownearalake,theyreleasepollen(花粉).Somewouldfallintothelake,sinktothebottomandmixwiththesand.Bydrillingintothelakebottomitispossibletoreadtherecordoftheplantlifearoundthelake.Thefossilrecordseemsclear;thereislittleornoevidencethatentiregroupsofplantsmovednorthtogether.Thingsthatlivedtogetherinthepastdon’tlivetogethernow,andthingsthatlivetogethernowdidn’tlivetogetherinthepast.Eachindividuallivingthingsmovedatitsownpace.Thefossilrecordseemstobetellingusthatweshouldbethinkingaboutpreservingspeciesbygivingthemroomtomoveabout—torespondtoenvironmentalchanges.12.Accordingtothepassage,themovementofindividualspeciesofplants________.A.occursingroupsB.oftendependsupontheformationoflakesC.doesnotoccuringroupsD.dependsuponclimateandsoilconditions13.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT________.A.TheiceageoccurredwhenthereweresmallchangesintheorbitoftheearthB.fossilrecordsseemtoindicatethatplantswillbepreservediftheyhaveenoughroomtomoveC.fossilrecordsclearlyshowthatentiregroupsofplantsareunlikelytohavemovedtogetherD.intheiceageglacierscoveredtheworldtodepthsofuptotwomiles14.Theunderlinedword“which”refersto________.AtheresponsesofplantstoclimatechangesB.thecurrenttheoriesofecosystemsC.thedevelopmentofecosystemsD.plantlifechanges15.Thesecondparagraphisintendedto________.A.supportthemainideaofthefirstparagraphB.answerthequestionraisedinfirstparagraphC.makesuggestionsaboutrespondingtoenvironmentalchangesD.stresstheimportanceofpreservingspecies【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探究了山体植物如何对气候变化做出回应并形成独有的生态体系。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thefossilrecordseemsclear;thereislittleornoevidencethatentiregroupsofplantsmovednorthtogether.Thingsthatlivedtogetherinthepastdon’tlivetogethernow,andthingsthatlivetogethernowdidn’tlivetogetherinthepast.Eachindividuallivingthingsmovedatitsownpace.(化石记录似乎很清楚；很少或根本没有证据表明整个植物群一起向北迁移。过去生活在一起的东西现在不会生活在一起，现在生活在一起的东西过去也不会生活在一起。每个物种都以自己的节奏移动)”可知，每个物种都以自己的节奏迁移，单个植物物种的迁移不会发生在群体中。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theseglaciers(冰川)coveredmuchofNorthAmericaandEuropetodepthsofuptotwomiles,andthen,astheclimatewarmed,theyretreated.(这些冰川覆盖了北美和欧洲的大部分地区深达两英里，然后，随着气候变暖，它们退缩了)”可知，D项中的“coveredtheworld”错误。故选D项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。分析句子可知，划线词是定语从句中关系代词，指代先行词theseassociations，再根据指代关系和前文“Itmayseemthatplantsatagivenaltitudeareassociatedinwhatcanbecalled“communities”—groupingsofspecies.Theideaisthatovertime,plantsthatrequireparticularclimateandsoilconditionscometoliveinthesameplaces,andarefrequentlytobefoundtogether.Scientistsstudythehistoryofplantlifeandbuildupapictureofhowgroupsofplantshaverespondedtoclimatechangesandhowecosystemsdevelop.(在特定海拔高度上的植物似乎是在所谓的“群落”中相联系的——物种的群体。他们的想法是，随着时间的推移，需要特定气候和土壤条件的植物会在相同的地方生活，而且经常会一起被发现。科学家们研究植物生命的历史，并建立起一幅关于植物群如何应对气候变化以及生态系统如何发展的图画)”可知，theseassociations指的是前文中“植物对气候变化所做出的反应”，所以which也指代的是同样的内容。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后提出的问题“Butaretheseassociations,whicharerealinthepresent,permanent?(但是，这些当下真实存在的联系是永久的吗?)”可推知，第二段的内容应该是对第一段提出的问题的探究与回复。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Oneofthecommoncomplaintswehearfromthepeoplearoundusareproblemstheyarefacing.Everydayandeverywherethereareproblems.Manytimeswefindithardtostayhappy.Whenoneproblemissolved,anotheronecomesup.Howtosolvethem?Theansweristhatwemustequipourselvestodealwithdifferentkindsofworriesbylearningthethreebasicstepsofproblemanalysis.Thethreestepsare:Getthefacts.Whyisitsoimportanttogetthefacts?Unlessyouhavethefacts,youcan'tpossiblyattempttosolveyourproblemintelligently.Withoutthefacts,allyoucandoiswonderingaroundinconfusion.Itisnotaneasyjobtogetfacts.Whenyouareworried,youremotionsareridinghigh.___16___.Whentryingtogetthefacts,youcanpretendthatyouarecollectingthisinformationnotforyourselfbutforsomeotherperson.___17___.Youcanalsopretendthatyouarealawyerpreparingtoagree.Trytogetallthefactsbothonyoursideandtheothersideofthecase.Youwillgenerallyfindthetruthliessomewhereinbetween.___18___.Wheneveryouareworried,writedownthequestionsthatmakeyouworry.Andwriteoutallthevariousstepsyoucouldtakeandthentheprobableconsequencesofeachstep.Forexample,whatamIworryingabout?WhatcanIdoaboutit?HereiswhatI'mgoingtodoaboutit.Aftercarefullyweighingallthefacts,youcancalmlycometoadecision.Actonthatdecision.___19___.Howcanyoubreaktheworryhabitbeforeitbreaksyou?Crowdworryoutofyourmindbykeepingbusy.Plentyofactionisoneofthebestwaystocureworry.___20___.Ifyouknowasituationisbeyondyourpower,saytoyourself:“Itisso;itcan'tbeotherwise.”Don'tpermitlittlethingstoruinyourhappiness.Trytocultivateamentalattitudethatwillbringyoupeaceandhappiness.A.Analyzethefacts.B.Acceptwhatcan'tbeavoided.C.Decidehowmuchanxietyathingmaybeworth.D.Thiswillhelpyoutotakeacoldandfairviewoftheevidence.E.Therecomesatimewhenyoumustdecideandneverlookback.F.Butherearetwoideasthatcanhelpyouseethefactsinaclearandobjectiveway.G.Unlessyoutakeyouraction,allyourfact-findingandanalysisisasheerwasteofenergy.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述如何解决生活中许多问题。先要收集信息，分析，再采取行动，同时也要学会接受一些不可避免的事情。【16题详解】根据下一段讲的是了解事实的两种方法，故选F项“这有两个方法可以以清楚和客观的方式帮你看清事实”引出下文，并且选项中的facts和本段的标题句“Getthefacts.”相呼应。故选F。【17题详解】根据前一句提到“Whentryingtogetthefacts,youcanpretendthatyouarecollectingthisinformationnotforyourselfbutforsomeotherperson（当你了解这个事时，你可以假装为其他人收集信息而不是为自己）”可知，这样可以帮你得到冷静和公平的证据，故选D项。【18题详解】根据第四段提到“Wheneveryouareworried,writedownthequestionsthatmakeyouworry.Andwriteoutallthevariousstepsyoucouldtakeandthentheprobableconsequencesofeachstep.（当你焦虑时，写下让你焦虑的问题，并写出所有你可能采取的各种步骤和每个步骤的可能结果）”可知，这是在分析事实，故选A项。【19题详解】根据标题所提到“Actonthatdecision”（就这个决定采取行动）可知，G项“如果你不采取行动，你所有的发现与分析都是浪费”符合语境，故选G项。【20题详解】根据下方提到“Ifyouknowasituationisbeyondyourpower,saytoyourself:“Itisso;itcan’tbeotherwise.（如果你知道这种状况超过你的能力，对自己说，“只能这样了”）”可知，这里要接受一些事情，B项“接受一些不能避免的事情”符合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Aminister(牧师)wasonalongflight.Thefirst___21___ofapproachingproblemcamewhenthesignontheairplaneflashedon:FastenYourSeatBelts.Astheministerlooked___22___theaircraft,itbecameobviousthatmanyofthepassengersbecame___23___.Later,avoiceovertheintercom(内部通话系统)said,“Wearesosorrythatweareunableto___24___themealatthistime.Thecurrentsareaheadofus.”Andthenthestormbroke.Lightninglitupthedarkeningskies,andwithinmomentsthegreatplanewastossed(使摇摆)around.Theministerrecalled,“AsIlookedaroundtheplane,Icouldseethatnearlyallthe___25___werescared.ThenIsuddenlysawalittlegirl.Obviously,thestorm___26___nothingtoher.Shewasreadingabookonherseatandeverythingwithinhersmallworldwas___27___.Sometimessheclosedhereyes,andthenshewouldreadagain.Sometimesshestraightenedherlegs,butworryand___28___werenotinherworld.”Theministercouldhardlybelievehiseyes.Itwasnotsurprising,___29___,thatwhentheplanefinallyreacheditsdestinationandallthepassengerswerehurryingto____30____theplane,theministercameuptothegirlwhomhehad____31____forsuchalongtime.Havingtalkedaboutthestorm,heaskedwhyshehadnotbeenafraid.Thechildreplied,“Thatwasbecausemy____32____wasthepilot,andhewouldtakemehome.”Therearemanykindsof____33____thatfrightenedus.Physical,mental,financial,domestic,andmanyotherstormscaneasilyandquickly____34____ourskyandthrowourplaneintoapparentlyuncontrollablemovement.Wehaveallknownsuchtimes,andletusbehonestandaccept,itismucheasiertobeateasewhenourfeetareonthegroundthan____35____wearebeingtossedaboutadarkenedsky.Letusremember:Ourfatheristhedriver.Heisincontrolandtakingushome.Don’tworry.21.A.suffering B.effort C.warning D.chance22.A.over B.around C.into D.at23.A.worried B.relaxed C.annoyed D.inspired24.A.buy B.cook C.complete D.serve25.A.passengers B.pilots C.officials D.crew26.A.presented B.brought C.meant D.created27.A.likely B.friendly C.deadly D.orderly28.A.fear B.knowledge C.stress D.expectation29.A.however B.therefore C.otherwise D.instead30.A.driveoff B.pullover C.landon D.getoff31.A.watched B.attended C.remarked D.complained32.A.uncle B.dad C.brother D.cousin33.A.accidents B.quarrels C.storms D.anger34.A.destroy B.cover C.darken D.break35.A.until B.when C.unless D.if【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.C27.D28.A29.B30.D31.A32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位牧师所乘坐的飞机遇到风暴，当大家担心恐惧的时候，他发现一个小女孩非常镇静，询问得知，这小女孩相信作为飞行员的爸爸一定会安全把她带回家。通过故事得到要脚踏实地地去迎战人生所遇到的风暴和挫折的感悟。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当飞机上的标志亮起：系好安全带，这是问题即将出现的第一个警告。A.suffering痛苦；B.effort努力；C.warning警告；D.chance机会。根据后文“whenthesignontheairplaneflashedon:FastenYourSeatBelts”可知，此处指警告。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当这位牧师环顾飞机四周时，很明显，许多乘客开始担心。A.lookover查看；B.lookaround在环顾四周；C.lookinto调查；D.lookat看。根据后文“itbecameobviousthatmanyofthepassengersbecame___3___.”可知，牧师环顾四周。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当这位牧师环顾飞机四周时，很明显，许多乘客开始担心。A.worried担心的；B.relaxed放松的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.inspired受到启发的。根据前文“Thefirst___1___ofapproachingproblemcamewhenthesignontheairplaneflashedon:FastenYourSeatBelts.”可知，许多乘客开始担心。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉，我们现在不能供应这顿饭餐。A.buy买；B.cook烹饪；C.complete完成；D.serve提供，端上，服务。根据语境和后文“themeal”可知，飞机要应对特殊情况，此时不能提供饭餐。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我环顾飞机四周时，我可以看到几乎所有的乘客都很害怕。A.passengers乘客；B.pilots飞行员；C.officials官员；D.crew船员。根据前文“itbecameobviousthatmanyofthepassengersbecame___3___.”可知，此处指乘客。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，风暴对她来说毫无意义。A.presented颁发，授予；B.brought带来；C.meant意思是、意味；D.created创造。根据语境和后文“Shewasreadingabookonherseat”以及“butworryand___8___werenotinherworld”可知，风暴对她来说并不意味着什么。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她坐在座位上看书，她的小世界里一切都井然有序。A.likely可能的；B.friendly友好的；C.deadly致命的；D.orderly有秩序的。根据前文“Shewasreadingabookonherseat”和后文“butworryand___8___werenotinherworld”可知，她的世界里秩序井然。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她伸直双腿，但她的世界里没有担心和恐惧。A.fear恐惧；B.knowledge知识；C.stress重点；D.expectation预料。根据语境和前文“nearlyallthe___5___werescared”可知，在其他乘客担心恐惧的时候，她并没有恐惧。故选A项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，当飞机终于到达目的地，所有的乘客都急着下飞机时，牧师走到他观察了这么久的女孩面前，也就不足为奇了。A.however然而；B.therefore因此；C.otherwise否则；D.instead反而，代替。后文“theministercameuptothegirlwhomhehad___11___forsuchalongtime”等内容和前文存在因果关系。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，当飞机终于到达目地，所有的乘客都急着下飞机时，牧师走到他观察了这么久的女孩面前，也就不足为奇了。A.driveoff赶走；B.pullover靠边停车；C.landon登陆；D.getoff下车，离开。根据前文“theplanefinallyreacheditsdestination”可知，乘客急忙下飞机。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当飞机终于到达目的地，所有的乘客都急着下飞机时，牧师走到他观察了这么久的女孩面前，也就不足为奇了。A.watched观察；B.attended出席；C.remarked评论；D.complained抱怨。根据语境和前文“ThenIsuddenlysawalittlegirl.”等内容可知，牧师一直在观察这个小女孩。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是因为我爸爸是飞行员，他会带我回家。A.uncle叔叔；B.dad爸爸；C.brother兄弟；D.cousin同辈表亲或堂亲。根据后文“Ourfatheristhedriver.”可知，小女孩之所以不害怕，是她相信她的爸爸。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有很多种事故让我们害怕。A.accidents事故；B.quarrels争吵；C.storms暴风雨；D.anger愤怒。基于前文的分析及后文“Physical,mental,financial,domestic,andmanyotherstorms”可知，遇到事故会让我们害怕。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：身体的、精神的、财务的、家庭的和许多其他的风暴可以很容易很快地使我们的天空变得黑暗，使我们的飞机进入明显不可控的运动状态。A.destroy摧毁；B.cover覆盖；C.darken变暗；D.break打断。根据语境和前文“storms”可知，风暴可以使天空变得黑暗。故选C项。【35题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道这样的时刻，让我们诚实地接受，脚踏实地比在黑暗的天空中被抛来抛去更容易。A.until直到；B.when当……时候；C.unless除非；D.if如果。根据语境和前文“whenourfeetareontheground”可知，此处指我们在黑暗的天空中被抛来抛去的时候。故选B项。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Differentpeoplefeelstressedindifferentways.Somewaysofdealingwithstressdon’tsolvemuch.____36____otherwayscanleadyouto___37___(solve)yourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeople____38____careaboutyou.Talktoyourparentsorother____39____(relative).Anddon’tforgetaboutyourfriends.Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems.Don’ttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitouton____40____(they).Oh,dear,that’snotagoodidea.Rememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryou’recalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it’stime____41____(get)downtobusiness.Youneedtofigure____42____whattheproblemis.Evenifyoucan’tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.Bepositive.Rememberstress___43___(do)goaway,____44____(especial)whenyoustartworkingonsolvingit.Thesestepsaren’tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeel____45____(good)evenfaster.【答案】36.But37.solving38.who/that39.relatives4