2并列句和状语从句

第二讲并列句和状语从句0102并列句联合并列句

|转折并列句选择并列句

|因果并列句状语从句时间状语从句

|地点状语从句

|条件状语从句

让步状语从句

|原因状语从句

|方式状语从句

结果状语从句

|目的状语从句

I.用适当的连词填空II.单句改错III.翻译句子IV.语法填空V.短文改错03针对训练并列句并列句是由and，but，or，for等并列连词把两个或两个以上意义相关的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。并列句的四大基本类型有：联合并列句，转折并列句，选择并列句，因果并列句。一、联合并列句并列连词：and(和、并且)，both...and...(······和······)，notonly...butalso...(不但······而且······)，neither...nor...(既不······也不······)，when(这时······)Jimfinishedhishomeworkand

hewenttobed.吉姆写完作业就上床睡觉了。Notonly

doIcometoschoolearly，butalsoIoftenhelpcleantheclassroom.不但我到校早，而且我经常帮助打扫教室。Iwasreadinganovelwhen

myclassmatecalledonme.我正在读小说，这时我的同学来找我。二、转折并列句并列连词：but(但是)，yet(但是)，while(而，然而)等。She'sgoodatEnglish，but

herChineseisn'tgood.她擅长英语，但她的汉语不好。

Theproblemwasalittlehard，yet

Iwasabletoworkitout.这道题有点难，然而我把它做出来了。Itisbeneficialtosomepeople，while

itputsothersintoadilemma.这有利于一些人，可是也会使其他人陷入困境。二、转折并列句

[名师指津]

though和although(虽然，尽管)不能与but连用。Althoughhewasverytired，buthedidn'tstopworking.(×)Althoughhewasverytired，hedidn'tstopworking.(√)Hewasverytired，buthedidn'tstopworking.(√)虽然他很累，但是他没有停止工作。三、选择并列句并列连词：or(或者；否则，要不然)，either...or...(或者······或者······)，not...but....(不是······而是······)等。Tellthetruth，or

youwillbepunished.说实话，否则你会受到惩罚。Either

youcandoitbyyourself，or

youcanasksomeoneelsetodoit.你可以自己做，也可以让别人做。It'snotthatIamunwillingtohelpyou，but

thatI'mtoobusythesedays.不是我不愿意帮你，而是我这些天工作太忙抽不开身。二、转折并列句

[名师指津]

“祈使句＋or/and＋简单句”是一个固定句型，此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。Workhard，and

you'llpasstheexam.＝Ifyouworkhard，you'llpasstheexam.四、因果并列句并列连词：so(所以；结果)，表示结果。for(因为)，表示原因，起补充说明的作用。Thatwasourfirstlesson，so

shedidn'tknowallournames.那是我们的第一堂课，因此她不知道我们所有人的名字。Mr.Smithdoesn'tgotohisusualclub，for

itisbeingdecoratedthesedays.史密斯先生没有去他常去的那个俱乐部，因为这些天那个俱乐部正在装修。状语从句一、时间状语从句when，while，as引导的时间状语从句。01引导词用法when既可以表示在某一时间点，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。whilewhile表示“当······的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。asas表示“当······的时候”，往往和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生，可以译为“随着”、“一边······一边······”。一、时间状语从句when，while，as引导的时间状语从句。01When

heknockedatthedoor，Iwasworkingatthetable.他敲门时我正在桌子旁边工作。Marymadecoffeewhile

herguestswerehavingtheirmeal.客人们在吃饭的时候，玛丽煮咖啡。As

thetimewenton，theweathergotworse.随着时间的推移，天气更加糟糕了。一、时间状语从句before和since引导的时间状语从句。02Hewentoffbefore

Icouldsaygoodbye.我没来得及和他说再见，他就走了。Hehadworkedinthefactoryfortenyearsbefore

heretired.他在这个工厂工作了十年之后退休了。Johnthinksitwon'tbelongbefore

heisreadyforhisnewjob.约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。(1)before表示“在······之前；还未······就······；还没来得及······就······”。常用于以下句型：Itwillbe＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才······Itwon'tbelongbefore...不久之后就······Itwas＋一段时间＋before...过了多久才······一、时间状语从句before和since引导的时间状语从句。02Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyousince

Icamebackfromabroad.自从我从国外回来，我就听说了很多关于你的好事。(2)since表示“自从······”，从句中常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。

[名师指津]

since后若接延续性动词或表示状态的动词过去式则表示从since后面的动作或状态结束到现在的时间。Itistenyearssince

theyweremarried.他们离婚十年了。一、时间状语从句assoonas，themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，immediately，directly，instantly，nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...引导的时间状语从句。03Hejumpedoffthecouchthemoment

thetelephonerang.电话一响，他就从沙发上跳起来了。Hehadnosooner

finishedhisspeechthan

thestudentsstartedcheering.＝Nosoonerhadhe

finishedhisspeechthan

thestudentsstartedcheering.他刚完成演讲，学生们就开始欢呼起来。一、时间状语从句everytime，eachtime，nexttime，thefirsttime引导的时间状语从句。04Nexttime

yougoshopping，buyafewextrafruitsandvegetables.下次你去买东西，多买点水果蔬菜。一、时间状语从句themorning，theday，theweek，themonth，theyear等引导的时间状语从句。05HeleftEuropetheyear

WorldWarⅡbrokeout.第二次世界大战爆发那一年他离开了欧洲。二、地点状语从句Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild，you'dbetterstaywhere

youareandwaitforhelp.如果你碰巧在野外迷路了，你最好呆在原地等待帮助。Hedeterminedtogowherever

hewasmostneeded.他决定去最需要他的地方。地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。

[名师指津]

地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。Where

there'sawill，there'saway.有志者，事竟成。一、时间状语从句till和until引导的时间状语从句。06Haveyouheardthemeetingwillbeputofftill/untilnextTuesday?这个会议将被推迟到下周二，你有没有听说？Ididn'tgotobeduntil/till

myfathercameback.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，则用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。三、条件状语从句Myparentsdon'tmindwhatjobIdoaslongas

Iamhappy.我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat

youdon'tgotoofarfromtheriverbank.只有不离河岸太远你才能下河游泳。Suppose/Supposing(that)theyrefuseus，whoelsecanweturntoforhelp?假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还可以求助谁？条件状语从句的常见引导词有：if，unless(除非)，so/aslongas(只要)，onconditionthat(条件是)，ifonly(如果……就好了)，incase(万一，如果)，suppose/supposingthat/assumingthat/providedthat(假设，如果)等。

[名师指津]在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来含义。Ifeveryonedoeshispart，theprojectwillsurelybeasuccess.如果大家都尽责，这个项目肯定会成功。四、让步状语从句although，though，while引导的让步状语从句。01Though/Although/Whileasmartphoneisagreathelp，weshouldn'tspendtoomuchtimeonit.尽管智能手机很有帮助，但我们不应该在它上面花太多时间。四、让步状语从句as，though引导的让步状语从句需用部分倒装。02Hotas/thoughthenightairwas，wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.在长途跋涉之后，尽管夜晚的空气很热，我们还是因为累睡得很熟。四、让步状语从句evenif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句。03Eventhough

theforestparkisfaraway，alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.尽管森林公园很远，可是很多游客每年都来参观。四、让步状语从句Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings，however/nomatterhow

fullone'sscheduleisinlife.一个人总是能够设法做更多的事情，无论他生活中的时间安排得有多满。“疑问词＋­ever”和“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论······”。04四、让步状语从句We'llgoonwiththework，whether

wecanfindthenecessarytoolsor

wecannot.不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。whether...or...引导的让步状语从句，意为“不论······还是······”，表示正反两种情况都不会影响主句的意向或结果。05五、原因状语从句Hewaspunishedbecause

hecheatedinthefinalexam.由于在期末考试中作弊，他受到了惩罚。because译作“因为”，表示直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。01原因状语从句可由because，as，since，nowthat，inthat，considering(that)等词引导。五、原因状语从句Ashewasverybusy，wewenttothecinemawithouthim.由于他很忙，我们没带他一起去看电影。Nowthat

youhavegotajob，youshouldlearntobeindependentofyourparents.既然你找到了一份工作，你应该学会独立不依靠父母。as译作“由于”，语气较轻，常表示显而易见的原因；since(既然)，nowthat(既然)，inthat(因为)，considering(that)表示双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as，since和nowthat引导的从句多位于主句之前。02六、方式状语从句Wemustdoas

the19thCPCNationalCongresstellsus(todo)．我们必须按照党的十九大的指示办事。Hejumpedasif

hehadgotthefirstplace.他跳了起来像得了一等奖一样。引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as，asif，asthough等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中asif或asthough引导的从句常用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。七、结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so...that...，such...that...，so/suchthat...，其结构形式为：so＋形容词/副词＋that从句so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that从句so＋many/much/few/little（少）＋名词＋that从句such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that从句such＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that从句七、结果状语从句It'ssuch

animportantmatchthat

wecan'tmissit.＝Thematchisso

importantthat

wecan'tmissit.这次比赛非常重要，我们不能错过。Heissuch

alearnedpersonthat

weadmirehimverymuch.＝Heisso

learnedapersonthat

weadmirehimverymuch.＝Heisso

learnedthat

weadmirehimverymuch.他如此有学问，以至于我们非常赞赏他。Itissuch

fineweatherthat

weallwanttogohiking.天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去远足。YesterdayYangChenggotupearlysothat

shecaughtthefirstbus.昨天杨成起得很早，因此，她赶上了早班车。八、目的状语从句inorderthat和sothat引导的目的状语从句01两个连词都意为“以便······；为了······”，它们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。Hestudiesveryhardsothat/inorderthat

hecanbeadmittedintoakeyuniversityinthecomingyear.他学习非常努力，为了能在来年考上重点大学。八、目的状语从句forfearthat，incase(that)，sothat和lest引导的目的状语从句02引导目的状语从句时，forfearthat表示“害怕，担心某事会发生”；incase(that)/lest表示“以防出现某种情况”。PleaseremindmetowatchtheTVprogramGrowingtomorrowincase

Iforget.请提醒我明天看电视节目《成长》，以防我忘了。Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空1.Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining

__________hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)2．Irenesaid，“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.

IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemadeovertheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto，__________becauseIwantto.”(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)3.

__________youcansleepwell，youwilllosetheabilitytofocus，planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.(2018·江苏卷改编)—Noproblem.(2017·北京卷)5．InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso­called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,____________________Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.(全国卷Ⅲ)sobutUnlessⅠ.用适当的连词填空4．____________________birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.(2017·北京卷)5．Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople____________________youfigureitout.(2017·北京卷)6．Located____________________theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.(2017·江苏卷)7．—Peter,pleasesenduspostcards____________________we'llknowwhereyouhavevisited.—Noproblem.(2017·北京卷)8．InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso­called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,____________________Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.(全国卷Ⅲ)Although/Though/Whileuntil/tillwheresoandⅠ.用适当的连词填空9．Overtime,____________________thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.(全国卷Ⅲ)10．Well，wecertainlyknowfromevidenceinthesleepcenterandthatofmanyotherscientiststhatnapscangiveyoubenefitsforbothyourbrain_______________yourbody.(2020·吉林省吉林市一次调研)11．Inotherwords，ithasn’tbeenclearwhetherkidswhoweightoomuchhavetroublesleeping,

_______________whethersleepinglessleadstoweightgain.(2020·湖北孝感一中等五校期中联考)12．Bothstartedthesame_______________endeddifferently.Why？Becauseofhowyoureacted.(2020·浙江金丽衢十二校二次联考)13．_______________

TCMhasbeenwidelyaccepted，itstillfaceschallenges.(2020·河北保定摸底考试)as/whenandor

but

Although/Though/WhileⅠ.用适当的连词填空14．Airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreserious，sowemusttakeaction____________________itistoolate.(2019·长沙模拟)15．Inaddition，forestshavebeendecreasingrapidly____________________toomanytreeshavebeencutdown.(2019·菏泽模拟)16．Theexplosionrockedthelakewithsuchaforce____________________deadfishimmediatelybegantosurface.(2019·长春模拟)17．Iftheguestsareseatedatthetable，thehostsmayservethefood，oritmaybepassedso____________________eachpersonmayhelphimself.(2019·赤峰模拟)18．Well，I’mworkingonahugeassignmentand____________________Idon’tdowell，thatwillruinmyreputationasanexcellentaccountant！(2019·舒兰模拟)beforebecause/asthatthatifⅠ.用适当的连词填空19．Jackwasn'tsayinganything，buttheteachersmiledathim____________________hehaddonesomethingveryclever.20．Halfanhourlater，Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi____________________thebushaddroppedher.21．____________________thenumbersofsuchdevelopmentsarerelativelysmall，thepotentialmarketislarge.22．____________________youchoosetosettledown，youshouldattempttofitinwiththelocalpeople.23．Hard____________________mybrotherstudied，hewasn'tqualifiedenoughforagooduniversity.asifwhereWhile/Though/AlthoughWhereveras/thoughⅡ.单句改错1．WhenIstudiedchemistryinhighschool，Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)2.

Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)andandⅡ.单句改错3．Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)4．ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.(2018·全国卷II)5．Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.(全国卷Ⅱ)but/yetandwhen6．Thoughheis50，butheappearsveryyoung.(2020·安徽六校联考)去掉but7．Nowadays，thewordfriendshiphasbeenusedveryoftenthatithaslostitsmeaning.

(2020·广西南宁一模)8．IwasjustabouttogiveitupwhileIsuddenlynoticedalittleboywalkingtowardstheseacalmly.

(2020·洛阳一模)Ⅱ.单句改错sowhen9．Luckily，hewastheonlyonewhofinallygotthejob，sothemanagerdecidedtogivethejobtowhoeverhebelievedwashelpful.(2019·衡水模拟)10．Althoughhistorycan'tbechanged，butlessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture.11．Theysaidthiswassoabeautifuldaythattheywouldrememberitforever.(2019·中山模拟)12．It’sgoodtoarriveearlysoyoucangetsettledafterclassesstart.(2019·泉州模拟)13．Becausetheanswerseemedalittlestrange，nobodybutIdoubtedit.(2019·肇东一中模拟)Ⅱ.单句改错because或but→yetsuchbeforeAlthough/ThoughⅢ.翻译句子1．如果你有问题，请告知我。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)2．迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都相信他。3．不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。Ifyouhaveanyquestions，pleaseletmeknow.Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelieveinhim./Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyou'vedone.Ⅲ.翻译句子4．他不但是我的朋友，也是我的老师。5．只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。6．不管在生活中我们可能遇到多大的挑战，我们都应该勇敢面对。Heisnotonlymyfriend，butalsomyteacher.Solongasweholdfasttoouridealsandnevergiveup，weareboundtoachievesuccess.Howevergreatachallengewemaymeetinourlife，weshouldfaceitbravely.Ⅳ.语法填空(2020·赣州十二县市联考)Oneday，abouttenyearsago，while1.________(work)atthecashregisterinthegiftshopatmyUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistory，Isawanelderlycouplecomein2.

alittlegirlinthewheelchair.AsIlookedcloseratthisgirl，Ifoundthatshe3.

(fix)onherchair.I