高考英语二轮复习 知识点总结 冠词

高考对冠词的考查每年几乎都有一道题，而且都设两个填空，以增加难度和覆盖面。考生在冠词试题上失分较多，主要是缺乏语感，对一些知识点掌握不够透彻。高考冠词主要考查其基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词的区别用法、名词前省略冠词的场合、特指与泛指的区分以及习语中冠词的用法等。考点一、考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法1.Howabouttaking_____shortbreak?Iwanttomake_____call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a【解析】答案为D。takeashortbreak“休息一会儿”，makeacall“打一个电话”。2.Christmasis_____specialholidaywhen_____wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the【解析】答案为D。aspecialholiday指“某一个特别的节日”;thewholefamily为特指。考点二、考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法1.Ilookedunder_____bedandfoundbooksIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the;theC.不填;theD.the;不填【解析】答案为B。此题中的thebed和thebooks都为特指。thebed指“所看的床”;thebooks指“所丢的书”。2.Ilike_____colorofyourskirt.Itisgoodmatchforyourblouse.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the【解析】答案为C。thecolor指“你衬衫的颜色”;agoodmatch泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”。考点三、考查不定冠词及零冠词的习惯搭配1.Georgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;a【解析】答案为C。aSunday泛指某一个星期天;atchurch为固定搭配，不用冠词，意为“在做礼拜”。2.Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon_____balanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;/B.the;aC.the;theD./;a【解析】答案为A。abalanceddiet泛指“一种平衡的饮食”;makeroom为固定搭配，意为“腾出空间”。考点四、考查不定冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法1.—Howabout_____Christmaseveningparty?—Ishouldsayitwas_____success.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;不填D.the;不填【解析】答案为B。theChristmaseveningparty为特指刚结束的圣诞晚会;asuccess考查抽象名词具体化时的不定冠词用法。success原为抽象名词，不可数,但在此处已经完全具体化而变为可数名词。题中asuccess意为“一次成功的晚会”。当抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人和事时，这个抽象名词已经变为可数名词，再如Whatapleasantsurpriseyougaveus!意为“你真的给我们带来了惊喜”。【精选试题】名校模拟题及其答案1(盐城中学高一年级12月份阶段考试，21)We’llbetravelingby________camelacrossthedesertbeforewegoto________university.A./;theB.the;/C./;/D.the;a2(沈阳二中2008—2009学年度上学期12月月考，8)RichardPowers’TheEchoMaker,____novelsetin___smalltownofKearney,Nebraska,US,haswonthe57thUSNationalBookAwardforfiction.A.the;theB.a;a;C.a;theD./;the3(辽宁省营口市08-09学年普通高中高二上学期期末质量检测，1)Heisin____controlofthecompany.Imean,thecompanyisin____controlofhim.A.the;/B./;theC.the;theD./;/4(银川市实验中学2009届高三年级第三次月考，33)NowthatTomhates_______school,theschoolbecomes_______prisontohimA.a;aB./;aC.a;/D./;/5(宁夏银川一中2009届高三年级第三次月考，21)In_____preparationforthelaunchingofShenzhouⅦ,scientistsneed______knowledgeofweatherchanges.A.the;theB.a;∕C.∕;aD.the;a6(山东济南高二英语08-09期末统考试题，33)Becauseof______highdemandforTypeABblood,______suppliesofitareusuallylimited.A.the;theB.不填;不填C.不填;theD.a;the7.Thesignreads“Incaseof____fire,breaktheglassandpush____redbutton.”A.不填;aB.不填;theC.the;theD.a;a8.Iearn10dollars____houras____supermarketcashieronSaturdays.A.a;anB.the;aC.an;aD.an;the9.There’s____dictionaryon____deskbyyourside.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the10.—Whereismyblueshirt?—It’sinthewashingmachine.Youhavetowear____differentone.A.anyB.theC.aD.other11.Ifyouhavegottemperaturewithoutcoughingandheadache，perhapsyouhavecaughtcold.Juststayinbed.Don’tthinkthatyouhavegotHINl.Athe;the;不填Ba;a;不填C.a;the;theDa：a：the12Asglobalwarmingcontinuestobemajorconcernforthefutureofourplanet，peoplearestartingtoturntogmenlivingpracticestohelpsaveitforfuturegenerations.A.a：theB.a;不填C不填;theD.the;the13.Everyseconddayhewenttothelibraryforsomebookstoread.Butafterapageortwo，hewouldputthebookdownandpickupnewoneA.the：aB不填;龇Cth。;theD不填;a14Theeducationofyounghasbecomehotandserioustopicinthepresentsociety.Athe;不填B.a;theC.不填;theDthe;a15Hehasgoodknowledgeofmanyforeignlanguages，andoneofthemisEnglishwhichislanguagespokenbymanypeopleintheworld.Athe：aB.a;theC.a;aD.the;the16Throughouthistorynanhashadtoacceptfactthatalllivingthingsmustdie.Athe：theB。;aC不填;theD不填;不填17一Wasproblemsolved?一Weweretryingtothinkofwayout，butitwasimpossibletofindone.Aa：theBthe;aC.the;不填D。;。18.Iaminchargeoftheclasswhichwasinchargeofmywife.A.不填：theB不填;不填Cthe;不填Dthe;the19Whilemusicisjustso-so，storyinthisTVplayisquitemovingAthe：theB不填;不填C.the;aD不填;the20.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization，healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestopreventspreadofAIDSAthe：theB.th。;不填C.a;aD不填;the21NowadaysIntenetisbecomingincreasinglypopularandnewhighspeedbroadbandnetworkhasrecentlystarted.Aa;theBthe;aCa;aDthe;the22.WemadeXiaoMingmonitorattheclassmeetinglastSaturday，sincetenstudentshavebeenlookingaftertheoldmanbyturns，includingmonitorAour;不填B不填;theC.the;theD.a;our23Itwasreposedbytheforeignmediathatthe29thBeijingOlympicGameswasuniqueandsuccessfuleventinOlympichistory.Aa;不填B.the;theC.不填;theD.a;the24Asisknown，itwasHuJintao，presideminournation，whogavelectureattheopeningceremonyofBeijingOlympics。Athe;aBthe;不填C;theD不填;a25Loveiswayoflife，butnotaimofitA.the;theB.a;theCa;allD.the;an26Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonbalanceddietandmakeroominheirdayforexercise.A.the;不填Bthe;aCthe;theD不填;a271wantedtocatchearlytrain，butcouldn’tgetridetothestationAan;theB不填;theCan;不填Dthe;a28Gorgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMrAnderson.buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurchA不填;theBthe;不填C;不填D不填：a29Polarbearslivemostlyonseaice，whichtheyuseasplatformforhuntingseals。A.a;aB.a;theC不填;aDthe;不填30.waIkisexpectedtolastallday，sobringpackedlunchA.A;aB.The;不填C.The;aD.A;不填——答案与解析——1.C【解析】by+camel表示乘坐交通工具，中间不用任何冠词;gotouniversity上大学固定搭配。2C【解析】一本小说，可数;特指某个城镇，用定冠词。3B【解析】incontrolof人控制某事某物;inthecontrolof某事某物在人的控制下。4B【解析】学校专有名词这个时候不加，泛指;像一座监狱，可数名词。5C【解析】inpreparationfor固定搭配;aknowledgeof某一门知识，这个时候可数。6D【解析】ademandfor固定搭配一个…需求;专指前面AB血型的供给。7B【解析】fire表示火，抽象不可数，那个红色的按钮特指。8C【解析】一个小时可数，而且读音开头是元音，所以用an;作为一个超市收银员也是泛指可数.9.A【解析】桌子上有一本词典，不具体所指;你身边的桌子特指。10.C【解析】泛指另外一件T恤。11B。【解析】第一空和第二空是抽象名词具体化。此时temperature表示发烧,cold表示感冒，应加不定冠词。第三空inbed是固定短语，意为躺在床上。12B。【解析】第一空用不定冠词，表示人们关心的事情之一;第二窄空后而是复数名词，前面不加冠词。13.D。【解析】.Everysecondday每隔一天，中间不加冠词;第二空表示泛指，用不定冠词a，所以答案选D。14D。【解析】第一空theyoung是定冠词加形容词可表示一类人;第二空表示泛指一个，此处意为已经成为一个热门而义严肃的话题。15B。【解析】haveagoodknowledgeof对……很了解;第二空表示特指，因为后面有定语修饰。16C。【解析】history为抽象名词，其前不加冠词;fact后带有同位语.应表示特指，所以答案选C。17B。【解析】第一空指说话双方都知道的事情，所以用定冠词;第二空的意思是想出一个好方法，way是可数名词，所以应该用不定冠词，因此答案选B。18A.【解析】句意：我在管理由我妻子管理的班级。inchargeof负责，管理，其主语通