外研版八年级下册现在完成时

新外研版八年级下册英语语法-现在完成时=1\*ROMANIWarm-up选择题。（）1.Heoften______hisclothesonSundays.

A.washingB.washesC.haswashedD.wash

（）2.Nextmonth______twentyfive.

A.hasmysisterB.mysisterwillbeC.mysistershallhave（）3.Wewillstartassoonasourteacher______.

A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.iscoming

（）4.LastweekJohn______hisleg.

A.feltandbrokenB.fellandbrokeC.feelsandbreaksD.fallenandbroken

（）5.It______hardwhenIleftmyhouse.

A.israiningB.rainsC.wasrainingD.willrain

=2\*ROMANIIGrammar现在完成时（一）构成：1.肯定句主语（第一、二人称，第三人称复数）+have+过去分词+其他主语（第三人称单数）+has+过去分词+其他如：IhavebeentoBeijing.2.否定句3.主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他如：Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.4.一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？如：Hastheletterarrivedyet?5.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？如：Wherehaveyoubeento?（二）用法：1.现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达)通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just,already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。例如：同步练习（1）①Ihave_______________________thatbefore.(我从来没有听说过那回事）②Haveyou_____________________?（你曾经骑过马吗？）③She________________________themathexercises.（他已经完成了数学作业）④I__________________________book..（我刚刚丢了历史书）2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。如for、since等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for:+一段时间forayear,fortwoweeks,forthreeyears过去的某一时刻：sinceninehoursago,sincelastweek,since1990since一般过去时态的时间状语从句：sinceyoucame，sinceyougothome注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.Hehasbeenawayforoneweek.对划线部分提问都用Howlong同步练习（2）用since和for填空1.Ihavehadthiscarayear.2.Theshophasbeenclosedlastweek.3.—HowlonghaveyoustudiedChinese?twoyearsago.4.Wehaven’tseeneachothershewentbacktohercountry.重难点★havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：★have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。★have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，反正不在这里。试比较：HehasbeentoBeijing.他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在说话人的地方）HehasgonetoBeijing.他已经去北京了。（人去了，不在说话人的地方）Exercises=1\*ROMANI:用gone或been填空。IamsorryI'mlate,everyone.I've_____tothedentist's.There'snobodyathome.Ithinkthey've___________awayfortheweekend.Youlookverybrown.Wherehaveyou___________onholiday?Simonisn'thereatthemoment.He's____________toafootballmatch.—Haveyouever____________toScotland?—Yes,I've________________therequiteafewtimes.一般过去时与现在完成时之比较：1）一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，与现在无关；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday,lastweek,amomentago，justnow）连用.不限。1.她离开北京三个月了。SheBeijingforthreemonths.2.电影开始半小时了。Thefilmforhalfanhour.3.从四岁时我们已相互认识了。Wehaveknowneachother.4.自从他回来，我和他相处得很好。sincehecameback.5.你教他们英语多长时间？Howlong?=3\*ROMANIIIExercises考点一：考查基本概念Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow考点二：考查时间状语1.Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still2.HaveyoumetMrLi______？Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago3.Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten4.—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better5.ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying6.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew7.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I______ittwice.Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别1.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone2.—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法1.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin2.—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade3.—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived4.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began5It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was6.Hisunclediedtwoyearsago.（改变句子,句意不变）Hisuncle___________________________fortwoyears7.HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）Hermother_______thePartythreeyears_______