2024届四川省甘孜藏族自治州高三上学期一模英语试题（含答案解析）

甘孜州普通高中2024届第一次诊断考试英语(满分150分，120分钟完卷)注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上相应位置，并把条形码粘贴至条形码粘贴栏。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5mm黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howwillthewomangettothecitycenter?A.Bytaxi.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.2.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Sleepy.B.Excited.C.Annoyed.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattoeatforlunch.B.Whentohavelunch.C.Whethertoeatout.4.WhatisGeorge’sfavoriteactivity?A.Fishing.B.Swimming.C.Playingtennis.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Askingtheway.B.Givingdirections.C.Correctingamistake.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?A.Interesting.B.Discouraging.C.Boring.7.WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Watchagame.B.Playtennis.C.Gotothecinema.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthehotel?A.Fromtheadvertisement.B.FromtheInternet.C.Fromherfriend.9.Whenwillthewoman’sfamilyleavethehotel?A.OnSeptember6th.B.OnAugust30th.C.OnAugust23rd.10.Whatroomwillthewomanbook?A.Adoubleroom.B.Afamilyroom.C.Roomsnexttoeachother.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.12.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A.Heservedinthearmy.B.Hestudiedatacollege.C.Heworkedinagallery.13.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Rembrandt’s.B.Botticelli’s.C.Ruben’s.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatmightbetheman’sfirstjob?A.Anengineer.B.Asocialworker.C.Acharityambassador.15.Whatisthewomanlearning?A.Chinese.B.Engineering.C.Art.16.Howsoonwillthewomangraduate?A.Inthreeterms.B.Intwoterms.C.Inoneterm.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdopeopleoftendotocelebratetheir21stbirthdayinLasVegas?A.Savemoney.B.Drinklegally.C.Enjoynicefood.18.WhydidJaniceaskAustinwhatdaythatdaywas?A.Toremindhimoftheworkday.B.Toremindhimoftheexactdate.C.Toremindhimofherbirthday.19.WhocalledJaniceoutsidethedoor?A.Austin.B.Liza.C.Kate.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Alovelypet.B.Adisappointingparty.C.Awonderfulsurprise.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheSydneyScienceFestival(SSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentstocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemtoshowwhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheScienceFestivalCommittee,MTMuseum,265MassAvenue,Sydney02139byFriday,February8th.StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedinabook.Studententrieswillbeexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedinthecelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.BetweenMarch10thandMarch15th,eachwinnerwillbegivenspecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableatthecampuswebsite.1.WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?A.Schoolstudents. B.Sydneylocals.C.SSFwinners. D.MITartists.2.Whenwilltheprize-givingceremonybeheld?A.OnFebruary8th. B.OnMarch10th.C.OnMarch15th. D.OnApril21st.3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Atourguide. B.Anofficialreport.C.Anannouncement. D.Anartshowreview.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了悉尼科学节（SSF）举办的第六届年度好奇心挑战赛的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheSydneyScienceFestival(SSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentstocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.(悉尼科学节(SSF)很高兴地通知您第六届年度好奇心挑战。这项挑战邀请，甚至挑战学生创作艺术品或一篇文章，展示他们的好奇心，以及它如何激励他们探索世界。)”可知，学校的学生可以参加悉尼科学节。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyonSunday,April21st.(参加好奇心挑战赛并被选为获胜者的学生将在4月21日(周日)举行的特别仪式上获得荣誉。)”可知，颁奖典礼将在4月21日举行。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheSydneyScienceFestival(SSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentstocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.(悉尼科学节(SSF)很高兴地通知您第六届年度好奇心挑战。这项挑战邀请，甚至挑战学生创作艺术品或一篇文章，展示他们的好奇心，以及它如何激励他们探索世界。)”以及文章中对于该科学节的参与方式、活动内容以及相关时间和奖项等可推断出，这是悉尼科学节的一则通知。故选C。BThisfallmarksanewbeginningforthehundredsofstudentswalkingontoasmallMidwestcollegecampus,butit’sanespeciallymemorabletimeforonefamily.Itcelebratesthreegenerationsstartingthenewschoolyeartogether.SamanthaMalczewski,19,saidthatwhenshelearnedhermomandhergrandmotherwouldbejoiningherandheryoungersisterMiaCarter,18,atCarthageCollegethisfall,hereyeswerewideopen.“Iwasclearlyalreadyadmitted,andMiawasalsoadmitted.Andthenallofasudden,theywerelike,‘Oh,we’regoingtoo,’”Samantharecalled.“Ididn’texpectit.”Miasaidshehadaninkling(略知)thattheirmomandgrandmotherwereinterestedingoingbacktoschool.“Mygreat-grandmajustpassedawayandIthinkmymomhadtherealizationthatyourmom’snotalwaysgonnabethere...andIthinkit’sjustthefactofthemsimplygoingtothesameclassroomeverydayandjustgaininganotheraspectofspendingtimetogether,”thefreshmanaccountingandmarketingstudentsaid.HermomAmyMalczewskihadworkedatCarthageCollegeforthelast22years.Shesaidshe“always”knewshewantedtoenroll(注册)asastudentherselfthough.“Ihavealittletimenow.I’mlike,youknowwhat,IshouldgetthatgraduatedegreeI’vealwayswanted.AndCarthagehasthisamazingmaster’sdegreeinbusinessanddesignandinnovation,whichisreallyinlinewithallthethingsthatIlove,”saidAmy.Meanwhile,whenChristySchwanheardofherdaughter’splan,shequicklyrealizedtheycouldsetonthejourneytogether.The71-year-oldhadretiredthreeyearsbefore.Shesaidshewasdrawntolearningaboutchangemanagement.AmyandChristyarenowclassmates,studyingformaster’sdegreesinbusiness,designandinnovation.Bothnontraditionalstudentssaytheyencouragetheirpeers(同龄人)togoforitifthey’realsoconsideringgoingbacktoschool.“Myadvicetoanybodyisjust,lifeissoshortandifthere’ssomethingthatyou’reinterestedin,andmaybeyou’redoubtingyourselfalittlebit,putthatdoubtasideandjustgoforit,”Amysaid.“Especiallyifyouhavesomebodythatcandoitwithyou,Ithinkitmakesitevensweeter,right?”4.HowdidSamanthafeelwhenshelearnedthenews?A.Upset. B.Surprised. C.Excited. D.Worried.5.WhatdidMiathinkwasthereasonthathermomandgrandmomwentbacktoschooltogether?A.Theywantedtohavearicherlife.B.Theywantedtofitinwithyoungergroups.C.Theywantedtospendmoretimewitheachother.D.Theywantedtolearnmoreaboutaccountingandmarketing.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAmyMalczewski?A.Stronganddevoted. B.Persistentandbrave.C.Positiveandknowledgeable. D.Responsibleandprofessional.7.WhatdoesAmysuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Treasurefamily. B.Gotouniversity.C.Don’twastetime. D.Gofortheirdreams.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了妈妈、祖母和18岁的妹妹一起上大学的故事，并鼓励人们勇敢地去追求他们的梦想。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“SamanthaMalczewski,19,saidthatwhenshelearnedhermomandhergrandmotherwouldbejoiningherandheryoungersisterMiaCarter,18,atCarthageCollegethisfall,hereyeswerewideopen.(19岁的SamanthaMalczewski说，当她得知妈妈和祖母将于今年秋天与她和18岁的妹妹MiaCarter一起进入迦太基学院时，她睁大了眼睛。)”可知，当她得知这个消息时，Samantha感到很吃惊。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“‘Mygreat-grandmajustpassedawayandIthinkmymomhadtherealizationthatyourmom’snotalwaysgonnabethere...andIthinkit’sjustthefactofthemsimplygoingtothesameclassroomeverydayandjustgaininganotheraspectofspendingtimetogether,’thefreshmanaccountingandmarketingstudentsaid.(这位会计和市场营销专业的大一学生说，‘我的曾祖母刚刚去世，我想我妈妈已经意识到你妈妈不会一直在那里……我认为这只是他们每天都去同一间教室，只是从另一个方面获得了在一起的时间。’)”可知，Mia认为她妈妈和祖母一起回学校的原因是他们想花更多的时间和对方在一起。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“HermomAmyMalczewskihadworkedatCarthageCollegeforthelast22years.Shesaidshe‘always’knewshewantedtoenroll(注册)asastudentherselfthough.‘Ihavealittletimenow.I’mlike,youknowwhat,IshouldgetthatgraduatedegreeI’vealwayswanted.AndCarthagehasthisamazingmaster’sdegreeinbusinessanddesignandinnovation,whichisreallyinlinewithallthethingsthatIlove,’saidAmy.(她的妈妈AmyMalczewski在迦太基学院工作了22年。她说她‘一直’知道自己想报名成为一名学生。Amy说：‘我现在有一点时间了。我想，你知道吗，我应该获得我一直想要的研究生学位。而迦太基在商业、设计和创新方面拥有令人惊叹的硕士学位，这真的符合我所热爱的一切。’)”可知，AmyMalczewski是执着勇敢的。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AmyandChristyarenowclassmates,studyingformaster’sdegreesinbusiness,designandinnovation.Bothnontraditionalstudentssaytheyencouragetheirpeers(同龄人)togoforitifthey’realsoconsideringgoingbacktoschool.‘Myadvicetoanybodyisjust,lifeissoshortandifthere’ssomethingthatyou’reinterestedin,andmaybeyou’redoubtingyourselfalittlebit,putthatdoubtasideandjustgoforit,’Amysaid.‘Especiallyifyouhavesomebodythatcandoitwithyou,Ithinkitmakesitevensweeter,right?’(Amy和Christy现在是同学，攻读商业、设计和创新的硕士学位。两位非传统学生都表示，如果他们的同龄人也在考虑重返校园，他们会鼓励他们这么做。‘我对所有人的建议是，生命如此短暂，如果你对某件事感兴趣，也许你会有点怀疑自己，那就把怀疑放在一边，放手去做。尤其是如果有人能和你一起做这件事，我觉得会更甜蜜，对吧?’)”可知，Amy建议人们去追求他们的梦想。故选D项。CSummermusicfestivalsareinfullswing,whichmeansthatthousandsofenthusiasticfansarecampingnearby,readytoparty.Bigproblemsappear,however,whenitcomestimeforthemtoleave.Theyjustthrowtheirthingsawayandleavethemforsomeoneelsetocleanup—usuallywastecontractors(承包方)hiredbythemusicfestival.Theycollectallthingsandthrowthemunsortedintoalandfill.Musicfestivalsareenvironmentaldisasterswhenitcomestotheamountoftrashproduced,andthisresultsmostlyfromfestival-goers’strangedisposable(用完即弃的)mentality.Anestimated80percentoftrashproducedbymusicfestivalscomesfromwhat’sleftbehindbycampers,suchassleepingbags,campchairs,clothes,rubberbootsandleftoverfood.AftertheIsleofWightFestivalintheUKsaw10,000abandoned(被丢弃的)tentsin2011,someenvironmentally-mindedpeopledecidedtotakeaction.Aninternationalmovementcalled“LoveYourTent”wasstarted.Themovementtookoverasinglecampgroundatthefestivalandensuredthateverypersonwhowantedtocamptheresignedaconductagreementthatincludedpromisingtotaketheircampingequipmenthome.Itsfirstyearin2012wasasuccess.Unfortunately,itcontinuestobeabattle.When“LoveYourTent”didasurveyofstudentsatBuckinghamshireNewUniversitylastyear,theresultshowedthat60percentofparticipantsadmittedtoleavingtentsbehindinthepast,eventhough86percentrecognizedthatwastehasanimpactontheenvironment.Onemajorimpedimenttowastereductionisthatcampingequipmentischeapandofpoorqualitysothatnobodyseesthesenseinpackingupadirtytentandtakingithometocleanandreuse.Whilethere’snoeasysolutiontothistrashdisaster,it’sclearthatmusicfestivalorganizersneedtotakeresponsibilityforwhattheireventcreates,anddemandthatcamperscleanuptheiract.Organizerscouldalsoprovidetent-recyclingfacilitiesforthosepeoplewhokeepleavingtentsbehind.Camping,whichissupposedtobeacelebrationofmusic,shouldneverbecomeatrashfest(集会).8.Whathappensaftersummermusicfestivalsaccordingtothetext?A.Campersproduceahugeamountoftrash.B.Wastecontractorsdealwithtrashproperly.C.Festivalorganizersimprovetheirorganizationalskills.D.Festival-goersjoinenvironmentalprotectionevents.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemovement“LoveYourTent”?A.Itstillfaceschallenges.B.ItisrunonlyformusicfestivalsintheUK.C.Itfocusesoncollectingabandonedtents.D.Itwassetupbysomefestivalorganizers.10.WhichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph5?A.Access. B.Clue. C.Obstacle. D.Concession.11.Whatcanfestivalorganizersdotoreducetrash?A.Offertent-recyclingfacilities.B.Helpwastecontractorscollecttrash.C.Signaconductagreementwiththecampers.D.Limitthenumberofpeopleattendingthefestival.【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了音乐节垃圾问题的严重性，并介绍了一个国际性的运动“LoveYourTent”旨在减少音乐节产生的垃圾。然而，尽管有这样的努力，垃圾问题仍然存在。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Summermusicfestivalsareinfullswing,whichmeansthatthousandsofenthusiasticfansarecampingnearby,readytoparty.Bigproblemsappear,however,whenitcomestimeforthemtoleave.Theyjustthrowtheirthingsawayandleavethemforsomeoneelsetocleanup—usuallywastecontractors(承包方)hiredbythemusicfestival.(夏季音乐节正在如火如荼地进行，这意味着成千上万热情的乐迷在附近露营，准备参加派对。然而，当他们离开的时候，大问题就出现了。他们只是把自己的东西扔掉，然后让别人来清理——通常是音乐节雇佣的垃圾承包商。)”可知，夏季音乐节结束后，露营者制造了大量的垃圾。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Aninternationalmovementcalled“LoveYourTent”wasstarted.Themovementtookoverasinglecampgroundatthefestivalandensuredthateverypersonwhowantedtocamptheresignedaconductagreementthatincludedpromisingtotaketheircampingequipmenthome.Itsfirstyearin2012wasasuccess.(一场名为“LoveYourTent”的国际运动开始了。该运动在音乐节上占领了一个露营地，并确保每个想在那里露营的人都签署了一份行为协议，其中包括承诺将露营设备带回家。2012年的第一年取得了成功。)”以及文章第四段“Unfortunately,itcontinuestobeabattle.When“LoveYourTent”didasurveyofstudentsatBuckinghamshireNewUniversitylastyear,theresultshowedthat60percentofparticipantsadmittedtoleavingtentsbehindinthepast,eventhough86percentrecognizedthatwastehasanimpactontheenvironment.(不幸的是，这仍然是一场战斗。去年，“LoveYourTent”对白金汉郡新大学的学生进行了一项调查，结果显示，60%的参与者承认过去曾把帐篷留下，尽管86%的人认识到浪费对环境有影响。)”可推测出，“LoveYourTent”这项活动仍然面临巨大的挑战。故选A。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的“towastereductionisthatcampingequipmentischeapandofpoorqualitysothatnobodyseesthesenseinpackingupadirtytentandtakingithometocleanandreuse.(减少浪费的……是露营设备便宜且质量差，因此没有人认为把脏帐篷打包回家清洁和再利用有什么意义。)”可推测，由于露营设备便宜且质量差，所以人们不想把脏帐篷打包回家清洁和再利用，而这也是减少浪费的一个“障碍”。选项A“Access(入口)”；选项B“Clue(线索)”；选项C“Obstacle(障碍)”；选项D“Concession(让步)”。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Whilethere’snoeasysolutiontothistrashdisaster,it’sclearthatmusicfestivalorganizersneedtotakeresponsibilityforwhattheireventcreates,anddemandthatcamperscleanuptheiract.Organizerscouldalsoprovidetent-recyclingfacilitiesforthosepeoplewhokeepleavingtentsbehind.(虽然没有简单的办法来解决这场垃圾灾难，但很明显，音乐节的组织者需要对他们的活动产生的东西负责，并要求露营者清理他们的行为。组织者还可以为那些一直留下帐篷的人提供帐篷回收设施。)”可知，音乐节的组织者可以为那些一直留下帐篷的人提供帐篷回收设施，从而减少垃圾。故选A。DOurlateststudyhasshownthateatingmorefermentedfoods(发酵食物)(suchasyogurtandrawcheese)andfiberdailyforjustfourweekshasasignificanteffectonloweringstresslevels.Whilepreviousresearchhasshownstressandbehaviorarealsolinkedtoourmicrobiome(微生物组),ithasbeenunclearuntilnowwhetherchangingdiets(andthereforeourmicrobiome)couldhaveaclearlynoticeableeffectonstresslevels.Thisiswhatourstudysetouttodo.Wefound45healthypeoplewithrelativelylow-fiberdiets,agedbetween18and59.Morethanhalfwerewomen.Theyweredividedintotwogroupsandrandomlygivenadiettofollowforthefour-weekdurationofthestudy.Aroundhalfwereassignedadietwhichwouldincreasetheamountoffermentedfoodstheyate.Thiswasknownasa“psychobiotic”diet,asitincludedfoodsthathavebeenlinkedtobettermentalhealth.Atboththestartandhalfwaythroughthestudy,peopleinthisgroupweretoldtheyshouldaimtoinclude6-8servingsdailyoffruitsandvegetableshighinfiber(suchasonions,cabbage,applesandbananas),and2-3servingsoffermentedfoodsdaily.Participantsonthecontroldietonlyreceivedgeneraldietaryadvice.Finally,thosewhofollowedthepsychobioticdietreportedtheyfeltlessstressedcomparedwiththosewhofollowedthecontroldiet.Therewasalsoadirectlinkbetweenhowstrictlyparticipantsfollowedthedietandtheirstresslevels,withthosewhoatemorepsychobioticfoodsduringthefourweekperiodreportinggreaterreductioninstresslevels.Interestingly,thequalityofsleepimprovedinbothgroups—thoughthoseonthepsychobioticdietreportedgreaterimprovements.Ourresultssuggestspecificdietscanbeusedtoreducestresslevels.Sothenexttimeyou’refeelingparticularlystressed,perhapsyou’llwanttothinkmorecarefullyaboutwhatyouplanoneatingforlunchordinner.Includingmorefermentedfoodsandfiberforafewweeksmayjusthelpyoufeelalittlelessstressedout.12.Whatistheauthor’sstudymainlyabout?A.Theconnectionbetweenstressandmicrobiome.B.Howstresslevelsaredecidedbymicrobiome.C.Whetherchangingdietscanreducestresslevels.D.Thereasonwhylow-fiberdietsresultinhighstresslevels.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthepsychobioticdiet?A.Itseemedmoresuitableforwomen.B.Itwasresponsibleforfeelingsleepy.C.Itcontainedasmallquantityoffiber.D.Itincludesmorefermentedfoodsandfiber.14.Whomaybenefitmostfromthestudy?A.Bossesinthefoodindustry. B.Fast-fooddeliverymen.C.Peoplewhoenjoyeating. D.Peoplewhoareinstressfulsituations.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.YouAreWhatYouEatB.APsychobioticDiet,aHealthyDietC.TheQualityofSleepDependsonYourDietD.FermentedFoodsAndFiberCanHelpReduceStress【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了研究表明，发酵食品和纤维可以帮助减轻压力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“ithasbeenunclearuntilnowwhetherchangingdiets(andthereforeourmicrobiome)couldhaveaclearlynoticeableeffectonstresslevels.Thisiswhatourstudysetouttodo.(到目前为止，人们还不清楚改变饮食(以及我们的微生物群)是否会对压力水平产生明显的影响。这就是我们的研究要做的。)”可知，作者主要研究改变饮食是否可以降低压力水平。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thiswasknownasa“psychobiotic”diet,asitincludedfoodsthathavebeenlinkedtobettermentalhealth.Atboththestartandhalfwaythroughthestudy,peopleinthisgroupweretoldtheyshouldaimtoinclude6-8servingsdailyoffruitsandvegetableshighinfiber(suchasonions,cabbage,applesandbananas),and2-3servingsoffermentedfoodsdaily.(这被称为“心理益生菌”饮食，因为它包括与更好的精神健康有关的食物。在研究的开始和中途，这组人被告知他们应该每天吃6-8份高纤维水果和蔬菜(如洋葱、卷心菜、苹果和香蕉)，每天吃2-3份发酵食品。)”可知，“心理益生菌”饮食包括更多的发酵食品和纤维。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Ourresultssuggestspecificdietscanbeusedtoreducestresslevels.Sothenexttimeyou’refeelingparticularlystressed,perhapsyou’llwanttothinkmorecarefullyaboutwhatyouplanoneatingforlunchordinner.Includingmorefermentedfoodsandfiberforafewweeksmayjusthelpyoufeelalittlelessstressedout.(我们的研究结果表明，特定的饮食可以用来降低压力水平。所以，下次当你感到压力特别大的时候，也许你会想要更仔细地考虑一下你打算吃什么午餐或晚餐。在几周内多吃发酵食物和纤维可能会帮助你减轻压力。)”可推断，这个研究或许会对处于压力状态下的人们有益。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Ourlateststudyhasshownthateatingmorefermentedfoods(发酵食物)(suchasyogurtandrawcheese)andfiberdailyforjustfourweekshasasignificanteffectonloweringstresslevels.(我们的最新研究表明，每天多吃发酵食品(如酸奶和生奶酪)和纤维，持续四周，对降低压力水平有显著效果。)”以及下文内容可知，文章作者介绍了一项研究表明，改变饮食，多吃发酵食品和高纤维或许会降低压力。因此推断D项“发酵食品和纤维可以帮助减轻压力”为最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatifasimplepracticecouldgreatlyenhanceyourhappiness,promoteyourphysicalhealth,improveyourrelationships,andevenhelpyoudealwithlife’stoughestchallenges?____16____However,countlessstudiesandpersonalstoriesshowthispowerfulsecret:gratitude.Gratitudeisapowerfulemotionandatransformativehabit.____17____It’salsoaboutacknowledgingthegoodnessinourlivesandrecognizingthatthesourceofthegoodnessoftencomesfromtheoutsideofourselves.It’sacelebrationofthepositiveaspectsoflife,bothbigandsmall.Practicinggratitudeencouragesustochangeourviewpointfromscarcity(缺乏)toabundance.Itpreventsusfromfocusingonwhatwelackorwhatwewant,directingourattentioninsteadtothehappinesswealreadyhave.____18____Byencouragingpositiveemotions,gratitudecanhelpreducefeelingsofanxietyanddepression.Moreover,itcanenhanceoverallmoodandemotionalresilience,enablingustobettercopewithstressandlife’schallenges.____19____Researchhassuggestedthatindividualswhoregularlypracticegratitudereportfewerphysicalproblems,experiencelesspain,andgenerallyfeelhealthierthanothers.They’realsomorelikelytoengageinhealth-promotingbehavior,suchasregularexerciseandroutinecheck-ups.Gratitudeplaysanimportantroleindevelopingstrongrelationships.Ithelpstostrengthenbonds,reduceaggression(挑衅),andpromotefeelingsofsocialsatisfaction.____20____.A.Itmaysoundtoogoodtobetrue.B.Howcangratitudechangeyourlife?C.It’smorethanjustsaying“thankyou”.D.Gratitudecanalsocontributetopersonalgrowth.E.Thebenefitsofgratitudeextendtoourphysicalhealthaswell.F.Peoplewhoexpressgratitudeoftenreportbetterrelationships.G.Thischangeinviewpointcangreatlyincreaseourlifesatisfaction.【答案】16.A17.C18.G19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了感恩的好处，包括对个人成长、心理健康，身体健康和人际关系的积极作用。【16题详解】上文“Whatifasimplepracticecouldgreatlyenhanceyourhappiness,promoteyourphysicalhealth,improveyourrelationships,andevenhelpyoudealwithlife’stoughestchallenges?(如果一个简单的练习可以大大增强你的幸福感，促进你的身体健康，改善你的人际关系，甚至帮助你应对生活中最艰难的挑战，会怎么样呢？)”说明此处是一个假设条件，下文“However,countlessstudiesandpersonalstoriesshowthispowerfulsecret:gratitude.(然而，无数的研究和个人故事揭示了这个强大的秘密：感恩。)”说明这句是对前一句的回答，选项A“这听起来好得令人难以置信。”承接上文的假设，引出下文，故选A项。【17题详解】上文“Gratitudeisapowerfulemotionandatransformativehabit.(感恩是一种强大的情感，也是一种变革性的习惯。)”说明对感恩的整体概括，以及下文“It’salsoaboutacknowledgingthegoodnessinourlivesandrecognizingthatthesourceofthegoodnessoftencomesfromtheoutsideofourselves.(它也是关于承认我们生活中的美好，并认识到美好的源泉往往来自我们自己的外在。)”说明感恩的具体含义，空格处应该也是叙述感恩的含义，选项C“这不仅仅是说‘谢谢’。”承接上文，是对上文的具体解释，并且引出下文。故选C项。【18题详解】下文“Byencouragingpositiveemotions,gratitudecanhelpreducefeelingsofanxietyanddepression.(通过鼓励积极的情绪，感恩可以帮助减少焦虑和抑郁的感觉。)”说明此处是在说明感恩的好处，选项G“这种观点的改变可以极大地提高我们的生活满意度。”引出下文，提高我们的生活满意度体现在鼓励积极的情绪，减少焦虑和抑郁。故选G项。【19题详解】下文“Researchhassuggestedthatindividualswhoregularlypracticegratitudereportfewerphysicalproblems,experiencelesspain,andgenerallyfeelhealthierthanothers.They’realsomorelikelytoengageinhealth-promotingbehavior,suchasregularexerciseandroutinecheck-ups.(研究表明，经常练习感恩的人显示身体问题更少，经历的痛苦更少，总体上感觉比其他人更健康。他们也更有可能从事促进健康的行为，比如定期锻炼和常规检查。)”说明感恩对身体上的好处，可知空格处引出感恩对身体健康的好处，选项E“感恩的好处也延伸到我们的身体健康。”概括本段大意，是对下文的总结，故选E项。【20题详解】上文“Gratitudeplaysanimportantroleindevelopingstrongrelationships.Ithelpstostrengthenbonds,reduceaggression(挑衅),andpromotefeelingsofsocialsatisfaction.(感恩在建立牢固的人际关系中起着重要的角色。它有助于加强联系，减少攻击性，并促进社会满足感。)”说明感恩可以帮助建立牢固的人际关系，选项F“表达感激之情的人通常会有更好的人际关系。”承接上文，是对上文的进一步解释，故选F项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Hi!Howareyou?”Awomansmiledasshetooktheseatbesideme.Shehadtolowerherselfslowly,squeezingherfatbodyintotheseat,____21____allavailablespace.I____22____alittletowardsthewindow,feelingworriedsilentlyaboutthelonghoursof____23____Iwasgoingtoexperiencewiththismonster(巨物)besideme.Shesaid,“MynameisLaura.I’mfromBritain.Ifwe’regoingtospendsixhourssidebysideonthis____24____,we’dbetterbefriends.”Thenshestartedaconversationwithmeanddidn’t____25____myunfriendlyreactions.Shetalked____26____aboutherselfandhertriptoHongKong.Igaveherone-wordanswerstoherquestionsaboutme.Notaffectedbymy____27____,shenoddedasshemade____28____aboutmyanswers.Shewaswarmandconsiderate,____29____thatIhadroomtostretchinmyseat.Icouldn’thelpbutletdownmy____30____slowly.Laurawasaninterestingconversationalist.Duringourconversation,Laura____31____tomakeeverycrewmemberontheplanewho____32____uswalkawaylaughingatherjokes.IaskedLaura,“Haveyouever____33____losingsomeweight?”“No.Idon’ttrusttheadvertisementsfromslimmingcentersatall.”“Youaren’tworriedaboutthediseasesthatcomewithbeing____34____?Notatall.Youonly____35____thediseasesifyou’reworriedaboutyourweightallthetime.Ieat____36____andwalkregularly;I’mthissize____37____Iwasborntobebig!Thereismoretolifethanworryingaboutweightalldaylong.”Shedrankherwine.“Besides,Godgavemesomuch____38____thatIneedabiggerbodytoholdallofit!WhywouldIloseweighttolosemyhappiness?”____39____byherunusualreasoning,Ismiled.Isuddenly____40____thatLaurawasthemostbeautifulwomanIhadevermetinmylife.21.A.filling B.making C.finding D.clearing22.A.walked B.turned C.moved D.changed23.A.darkness B.tiredness C.silence D.discomfort24.A.bus B.train C.flight D.ship25.A.takepartin B.takenoticeof C.thinkhighlyof D.catchupwith26.Aexcitedly B.nervously C.gently D.sadly27.A.doubt B.disappointment C.coldness D.dissatisfaction28.A.notes B.comments C.predictions D.noises29.A.explaining B.believing C.ensuring D.finding30.A.attention B.attitude C.idea D.guard31.A.managed B.pretended C.forgot D.failed32.A.charged B.served C.treated D.warned33.A.excused B.reacted C.combined D.considered34.A.overweight B.critical C.embarrassed D.anxious35.A.prevent B.get C.understand D.remove36.A.slowly B.hardly C.healthily D.actively37.A.if B.because C.though D.until38.A.happiness B.work C.pain D.wealth39.A.Encouraged B.Upset C.Exhausted D.Amazed40.A.hoped B.imagined C.realized D.remembered【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.A