高考英语一轮复习第八辑 Unit 2 Cloning试题

Unit2Cloning单元加餐练Ⅰ.完形填空ItwasmyfirstdayatschoolintheUnitedStates,soIfeltnervousandscared.Iwenttoallmyclasseswithnofriends__1__itfeltlikenoonecaredaboutme.Ilistened__2__toallthelessonsandwaitedforthelunchbreakat__3__.Thenfinallythebellrang.Itwastimetotalkand__4__fun.AtlunchtimeI__5__anewfriendwhoworeahijabonherhead,andthoughIamJewish(犹太人的),wegotalong__6__witheachother,andIwassorelievedwhenshesaid,“__7__withusatourtable.”Shepointedtotheonenexttothedoor.SoI__8__.Itookmyfoodandwasabouttowalkwithher__9__thefloor,whensuddenlyIfelta__10__atmyarm.“Hey,Isawyouonthebus，”saidatallgirlinalongskirt.“IseeyourJewishstarnecklace.You__11__sitwithus.”AtthatmomentIlooked__12__,andthat'swhenInoticed,tomy__13__,thenationsoftheworld__14__themselves.That'swhatIsawthroughmyowneyes.The__15__onlysatwiththeSpanish,theHindus__16__withtheHindus,theRussiansalwayswiththeRussians,andnevertheArabswiththeJews.Isawthereasonwhy__17__getsstarted.Everyonestickstotheirownkind.Thelunchroomwasa__18__oftheworld.Whywaseveryoneso__19__?AndsoIturneddownthisgirl,andwentwiththefirst.IbuiltabridgebetweentwoworldswhenIsatwiththose__20__me.Hopeyouwilldothesame.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一天在美国学校的餐厅里就餐时发生的事情。作者发现在学校的餐厅里，都是来自同一个国家的人坐在一起就餐。她认为这就是人们之间产生隔阂，甚至发生战争的原因。最终她选择和一群异国学生坐在一起就餐以期不同种族和国家之间有更多的了解、沟通和交流。1．A.but B．soC．or D．and答案：D作者独自一人去上所有的课，感觉好像没有人关心她。前后为并列、顺承关系，故用and。2．A.attentively B．quietlyC．anxiously D．differently答案：C根据语境可知作者盼望着午餐的休息时间，因此她是“焦急地”听课。attentively“专心致志地”；quietly“安静地”；anxiously“焦急地”；differently“不同地”。根据语境选C项。3．A.one B．threeC．five D．seven答案：A此处指午餐休息时间，根据常识判断选A项。4．A.make B．takeC．bring D．have答案：D此处指午餐时间可以聊天，可以开心地玩。havefun“玩得高兴”，是固定短语。5．A.spied B．metC．caught D．passed答案：B根据语境可知，作者在午餐的时候结识(met)了一个新朋友。6．A.far B．muchC．hard D．well答案：Dgetalongwellwithsb.是固定搭配，意为“和某人相处得很好”。7．A.Come B．SitC．Join D．Talk答案：B根据下文的“Shepointedtotheonenexttothedoor.”可知，作者的新朋友邀请作者和他们坐在一起就餐。故选B项。8．A.agreed B．offeredC．meant D．suggested答案：A根据下文的“Itookmyfoodandwasabouttowalkwithher...”可知，作者同意(agreed)了对方的邀请。9．A.through B．alongC．onto D．across答案：D此处指走过地板。through“(从空间中)穿过”；along“沿着”；onto“到……之上”；across“(从表面)穿过；从一边到另一边”。根据语境选D项。10．A.press B．pullC．blow D．scratch答案：B作者感觉到有人拉了一下她的胳膊。press“按，压”；pull“拉”；blow“(风)吹”；scratch“擦；刮”。根据语境应选B项。11．A.can B．mayC．should D．need答案：C作者戴的犹太星项链使对方认为作者应该和他们坐在一起。故选should。12．A.up B．downC．over D．around答案：D作者此时环顾四周(lookedaround)，才发现都是同一个国家的人坐在一起就餐。故选D项。13．A.disappointment B．surpriseC．terror D．sorrow答案：B根据语境可知，作者对这一发现很吃惊。toone'ssurprise是固定搭配，意为“令某人吃惊的是”。14．A.separating B．helpingC．supporting D．organizing答案：A根据下文可知，在就餐时不同国家的人都自动分开坐。separate“使分开”。15．A.Americans B．ChineseC．Spanish D．Indians答案：C根据上下文可知，同一国家的人坐在一起就餐，因此西班牙人应该是和西班牙人坐在一起。16．A.only B．seldomC．often D．never答案：A根据第15空后的only以及第16空后的always可知，应选A项。17．A.war B．lifeC．distance D．friendship答案：A看到此番景象，作者明白了战争开始的原因。应选war。18．A.bridge B．productC．map D．university答案：C因为不同国家的人坐在一起就餐，这个餐厅就像是一个世界地图。故选C项。19．A.confident B．blindC．shy D．proud答案：B作者奇怪为什么每个人都没有注意到这一点。blind“视而不见的；盲的”符合语境。故选B项。20．A.differentfrom B．concernedaboutC．thankfulfor D．familiarwith答案：A根据“...Iturneddownthisgirl,andwentwiththefirst.Ibuiltabridgebetweentwoworlds...”可知，作者选择了和不同国籍的人坐在一起就餐。故选A项。Ⅱ.阅读理解AWorkingwithagroupofbaboons(狒狒)intheNamibiandesert,DrAleciaCarteroftheDepartmentofZoology,CambridgeUniversitysetbaboonslearningtasksinvolvinganovelfoodandafamiliarfoodhiddeninabox.Somebaboonsweregiventhechancetowatchanotherbaboonwhoalreadyknewhowtosolvethetask,whileothershadtolearnforthemselves.Toworkouthowbraveoranxiousthebaboonswere,DrCarterpresentedthemeitherwithanovelfoodorathreatintheformofamodelofapoisonoussnake.Shefoundthatpersonalityhadamajorimpactonlearning.Thebraverbaboonslearnt,buttheshyonesdidnotlearnthetaskalthoughtheywatchedthebaboonperformthetaskoffindingthenovelfoodjustaslongasthebraveonesdid.Ineffect,despitebeingmadeawareofwhattodo,theywerestilltooshytodowhattheexperiencedbaboondid.Thesameheldtrueforanxiousbaboonscomparedwithcalmones.Theanxiousindividualslearntthetaskbyobservingotherswhilethosewhowererelaxeddidnot,eventhoughtheyspentmoretimewatching.Thismismatchbetweencollectingsocialinformationandusingitshowsthatpersonalityplaysakeyroleinsociallearninginanimals,somethingthathaspreviouslybeenignoredinstudiesonhowanimalslearntodothings.Thefindingsaresignificantbecausetheysuggestthatanimalsmayperformpoorlyincognitive(认知的)tasksnotbecausetheyaren'tcleverenoughtosolvethem,butbecausetheyaretooshyornervoustousethesocialinformation.Thefindingsmayimpacthowweunderstandtheformationofcultureinsocietiesthroughsociallearning.Ifsomeindividualsareunabletogetinformationfromothersbecausetheydon'tassociatewiththeknowledgeableindividuals,ortheyaretooshytousetheinformationoncetheyhaveit,informationmaynottravelbetweenallgroupmembers,preventingtheformationofaculturebasedonsociallearning.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。实验研究表明，动物的个性对于学习结果会产生巨大的影响。这项发现也会对人们对于文化形成的理解产生影响。1．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThesignificanceofDrCarter'sresearch.B．ThepurposeofDrCarter'sresearch.C．ThedesignofDrCarter'sresearch.D．TheresultsofDrCarter'sresearch.答案：C段落大意题。根据文章第一段中的“...setbaboonslearningtasksinvolving...Somebaboonsweregiventhechancetowatchanotherbaboon...whileothershadtolearnforthemselves.Toworkout...DrCarterpresentedthemeitherwithanovelfoodor...”可以推断，本段主要讲了卡特博士是如何设计实验来研究狒狒的。故选C项。2．Accordingtotheresearch,whichbaboonsaremorelikelytocompleteanewlearningtask?A．Thosethatfeelanxiousaboutlearning.B．Thosethatliketoworkindependently.C．Thosethatcanavoidpotentialrisks.D．Thosethathavemoreexperience.答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“Theanxiousindividualslearntthetaskbyobservingotherswhilethosewhowererelaxeddidnot...”可知，那些对学习感到焦虑和急切的狒狒更有可能完成一项新的学习任务，故选A项。3．Whichbestillustratesthe“mismatch”mentionedinParagraph4?A．Somebaboonsperformnewtasksbutdon'tconcentrate.B．Somebaboonsobserveothersbutdon'tfollowthem.C．Somebaboonsareshybutactiveinsocialactivities.D．Somebaboonsareintelligentbutslowinlearning.答案：B推理判断题。“Thismismatchbetweencollectingsocialinformationandusingit”意为“收集社会信息和使用它之间的不协调”，收集社会信息指的是狒狒观察其他同类所做的事，使用那些信息即仿效同类做同样的事，由此可知B项能解释mismatch。4．DrCarter'sfindingsindicatethatourculturemightbeformedthrough________.A．travelingbetweensocialgroupsB．understandingdifferentpeopleC．learningfromeachotherD．storinginformation答案：C细节理解题。文章最后一段第二句“Ifsomeindividualsareunabletogetinformationfromothersbecausetheydon'tassociatewith...”从反面证明，文化可能是人们通过互相学习而形成的。BCloningisabiologicaltermthatreferstotheprocessofproducinggeneticallyidenticalorganismssuchasbacteria,insectsandplantsthatreproduceasexually(无性的).Lifeonplanetsurvivesandthrivesduetoadaptablecloningthatoccursoverthecourseoftime.Plantscanbeclonedusingvariousmedia,butthisarticlespeaksspecificallyaboutwaterasamediumforcloning.UsingWaterforCloningGrowingplantsinwaterisaveryoldpractice;theChinesehavebeendoingitforlong.Justbearinmindafewofthefollowingstepsandtips,andyoucangrowyourownplantclone.Asoldasitmaysound,takecuttingsfromahealthierplant,anduseasharpknifetocutit.Healthierthemotherplant,andsharperthecut,betterwillbethesuccessrate.Cutthestemsatanangleof45°，around1/4inchbelowtheleafnodes.Alwayshaveaminimum5­6cuttings.Topreparetherootingsolution,takeawaterholderorcontainer,andpourwaterinit.Three­fourthofthejarshouldbefilled.Standthecuttingsindividuallyindifferentjars,andcoverthemwithtransparentplasticsheetswhilecloning.Theplasticcoveringwillensurehighhumiditylevels,andthis,combinedwiththerootingwater,willspeedtherootingprocess.Makesurethewaterstaysclean.Changewaterafter2­3days.Therootswillappearinaweek'stime.Onceyouseethem,removethesheetandplacetheminalocationwheretheycanreceivepartialnaturallight.Movetherootedcuttingtoasoilmediumoncetheyhaveenoughhealthyroots.Cloningofplantsinwaterorthroughothermediumscanensureexistenceofspecies,especiallythosewhichareendangered.Therearemanyplantsthathaveoneinhundredchancesofbreedingnaturally,orcan'tproduceseeds,socloningsuchplantsthroughadvancetechnologieswillensuretherecontinuedexistence.Cloningplantsandtreeshashelpedinbetterharvest,andincreasedtheplantresistancetoharmfulvirusesanddiseases.篇章导读：本文为说明文。全文介绍了利用水作为媒介克隆植物的过程及应用前景。5．AccordingtoParagraph1,________.A．cloningcanonlybeusedinallanimalsandplantsB．manymediumcanbeusedtocloneplantsC．allthelivingscanclonethemselvesD．wateristhebestmediumtoclone答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的“Plantscanbeclonedusingvariousmedia”可知，可用多种媒介来克隆植物。故B项正确。6．Whyshouldtransparentplasticsheetsbeusedtocoverjars?A．Torecognizedifferentjars.B．Torecognizedifferentcuttings.C．Tofastentherootingprocess.D．Tomakethewaterinjarsclean.答案：C细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句“Theplasticcoveringwillensurehighhumiditylevels...willspeedtherootingprocess.”可知，此举的目的是加快植物生根的速度。故C项正确。7．Itcanbeinferredthatcloningplantsinwater________.A．isseldomusedintoday'sagricultureB．canmakeplantsnotcatchdiseasesC．canincreasefarmers'incomeD．sometimesmakesspeciesendangered答案：C推理判断题。文章最后一句提到了水中克隆植物可以使植物更加抗病、高产，因此可推断这样可以增加农民的收入。故C项正确。8．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Waystocloneplants.B．Cloningplantsinwater.C．Howtocloneanimalsandplants.D．Aspecialwaytogrowplants.答案：B主旨大意题。由文章大意及第一段最后一句(文章主旨句)可知，本文主要是讲在水中克隆植物的方法和应用价值，故B项是最佳选项。Ⅲ.短文改错Notonlyourparentsgiveuslife,buttheyalsogiveusendlessloveandsupport,alwayssharingourhappinesswithsorrow.I'mverygratefulformyparents.Theygivemesomuchloveandsparenoeffortstosupportme.IstillrememberedonceIwasseriouslyill.Theyweresoworriedandalmostkeptmycompanythewholenight.NowI'minSenior3.Luckyforme,myparentscanunderstandmystressedconditionandoftencommunicatewithmewithencouragingwords.However,theygivemeenoughpersonalspace,thatIappreciatesomuch.WhatIshoulddonowisstudyhard.WhenIgrowup,I'lltrymybesttomakemyparentstoliveahappylife.答案：Notonlyeq\o(∧,\s\do14(①do))ourparentsgiveuslife,buttheyalsogiveusendlessloveandsupport,alwayssharingourhappinesseq\o(with,\s\do14(②and))sorrow.I'mverygratefuleq\o(for,\s\do14(③to))myparents.Theygivemesomuchloveandsparenoeffortstosupportme.Istilleq\o(remembered,\s\do14(④remember))onceIwasseriouslyill.Theyweresoworriedandalmostkepteq\o(my,\s\do14(⑤me))companythewholenight.NowI'minSenior3.eq\o(Lucky,\s\do14(⑥Luckily))forme,myparentscanunderstandmyeq\o(s