Unit5HumansandNature期末复习敲重点导学案-高中英语北师大版

Unit5HumansandNature—2023~2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册期末复习敲重点一、学习目标整合知识目标Studentscanlearnsomenewwords,expressionsandgrasptheusageofattributiveclause.能力目标Studentscanbeabletoanalyzethetypicalsentences.情感目标Studentscanthinkindividuallyandlearncooperatively.二、思维导图回顾知识三、重难知识易混易错关系副词引导的定语从句when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+which"结构，因此常常和"介词+which"结构交替使用。why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/towhich（介词同先行词搭配）when=during/on/in/atwhichwhose=ofwhom/whichBeijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+which"引导的定语从句，在非正式文体中that常被省略（正式文体中不可省略），例如：Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。“where”是关系副词，当然也可以用“that”引导。BythetimewhenyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.当你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。IstillremembertheplacewhereImetherforthefirsttime.我仍然记得我第一次见到她的地方。当从句的逻辑主语是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing时，常用“thereis”开头。Thereissomebodyherewhowantstotalktoyou.这里有人要和你说话。why·关系副词why主要用于修饰表原因的名词（主要是thereason），同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。如：Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tshowup.我们不知道他为什么没有来。·与关系副词when和where不同，why可以换成that或省略。如：That’soneofthereasons(why,that)Iaskedyoutoe.这就是我请你来的原因之一。·另外，与关系副词when和where可以引导非限制性定语从句不一样，why只能引导限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句。如：他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。误：Themainreason,whyhelosthisjob,wasthathedrank.正：Themainreasonwhyhelosthisjobwasthathedrank.(定语从句)when关系副词when主要用于修饰表时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。如：We’llputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点。where关系副词where主要用于修饰表地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。如：Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.这就是他出生的村子。That’sthehotelwherewewerestayinglastsummer.这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆。练习：将下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。Wedon'tknowthereason.Theydidn'tstudyhardforthereason.________________________________________将下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。Theshopisn'tfaraway.Iboughtthebookthere.________________________________________3.将下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。Theplacehasbeenturnedintoatheatre.Thevillagersfoughttheenemytheremanyyearsago.________________________________________4.将下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。IthappenedonadayinNovember.Theweatherwasverywetandcoldthatday.________________________________________5.将下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。October1st,1949wastheday.Hewentabroadforfurtherstudyonthatday.________________________________________6.把下句改写为含有whether引导的宾语从句的句子Afteranearthquake,youshouldcheckeverythinginyourhouse,includinggaspipes,waterpipes,andelectriclines.___________________________________________________________________7.Wewilldiscussanumberofcasesin_____Englishbeginnersfailtousethelanguageproperly.8.Shewassoangryatme,thoughIexplainedthereasonfor_____Igotcaughtinatrafficjam.9.IndependenceDayissetupinhonourofthedayon_____AmericadeclareditsindependencefromBritain.10.Wehavereachedastage_____wemuststarttakingeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentsoastosaveourselves.四、单元核心素养对接高考1.【23年吉林模拟】AsurveybytheChinaAssociationofHealthPromotionandEducationfoundthatabout200millionChinese,①_____(include)some130millionmales,weretroubledbyhairloss.Themainagegroup②_____experiencedtheproblemwas20to40yearsold.Thesurvey③_____(predict)that260millionChinesewouldsufferfromhairlossin2021.Amongmales20to40yearsold,aboutoneinfourhadsomedegreeofhairloss.Inaddition,menintheir30swerelosinghair④_____(fast)thananyotheragegroup,thesurveyfound.Womenweremorelikely⑤_____(feel)pressurefromhairloss.Some19percentofmaleparticipantssaidtheywerebeingquiteconcerned⑥_____theproblem,while30percentofwomensaidso,thereportsaid.WangWenhui,⑦_____expertwithPekingUniversityThirdHospital,saidmostofherhairloss⑧_____(patient)areyoungpeople.Shesaidthisisgenerallybecauseyoungpeoplecaremoreabout⑨_____(they)looksthanthosewhoareolder,andyoungpeople,especiallythoselivinginbigcities,oftenhavefastpacedlifestylesandareundergreat⑩_____(press)."Itismonforapersontoloseabout100hairsaday.Butiftheyarelosingmorethan200to400aday,theyshouldpayspecialattention,"shesaid.2.【23年四川成都模拟】Doyouwanttobethemostpopularpersoninyourclass?Youdon'tneedtochangeyourcharacter;youjustneedtoimproveyourpersonality.Infact,themostpopularpeople①______(love)andtrustedbecausetheystaymonbutstillhavesomethingthatmakesthemdifferent②______therestofus.Herearesomepiecesofadviceabout③______(bee)themostpopularpersonintheclass.Ifyouwanttobeaperson④______winsothers'respect,youhavetostartbylikingandacceptingyourself.Donotchangeyourselfinordertopleaseothers.Behelpfultoeveryoneanddoit⑤______(happy).Beingnicetopeopleisalmostlikehelping⑥______(they)becausebybeingniceyoumakeothershappy.Beactiveandhave⑦______positiveviewtowardslife.Developconfidenceinyourself.Staycleanandwearfreshclothes.Donottrytofollowfashiontobe⑧______(impress).Respectcannotbebroughtwithbig⑨______(word)andpower.Youhavetogetitbybeinghonest.Italsohelpsyourpersonal⑩______(grow).Youmustbeapersonthatcanbetrustedtogetrespect.3.【23年广东模拟】DuringthesummerholidayIhadthechancetovisitPingtangCounty,GuizhouProvinceinsouthwestChina.It's①_____experienceIwillneverforget.TravelingtoGuizhoubyhighspeedrailfromBeijing,I②_____(astonish)attherapidchangeinsceneryfromskyscraperstobeautifultreefilledmountains③_____(rest)underaclearbluesky.Uponarrival,IvisitedthePingtangInternationalExperiencePlanetarium,whichdisplaysChina's④_____(remark)achievementsinscienceandspacetechnology.TheFivehundredmeterApertureSphericalradioTelescope(FAST)thereisthelargestoneofitskindintheworld.TovisitFAST,visitorsarenotpermitted⑤_____(bring)anyelectronicdevicesduetosecuritymeasures.Sotheymustrecordthisonceinalifetimemomentwiththeirheartsandminds.⑥_____(truthful),myfavoritepartofthetripwasmypersonalinteractionwiththelocalmunity.Followingtheinstructions,Iworkedontwomunityfarms,wenthikingandswam⑦_____afreshmunityriveralongsidefish.IwaseducatedontheregionalhistoryoftheMiaopeople⑧_____cultureisrichinfashion,food,potteryandmusic.Afterthisadventure,my⑨_____(appreciate)forChineseculturehassnowballed.WhileIamcontentlivingandworkinginBeijing,PingtangCountyinGuizhouhasopenedmyeyestotheendlesspositive⑩_____(possibility)Chinahastooffer

答案以及解析三、1.答案：Wedon'tknowthereasonwhytheydidn'tstudyhard.2.答案：TheshopwhereIboughtthebookisn'tfaraway.3.答案：Theplacewherethevillagersfoughttheenemymanyyearsagohasbeenturnedintoatheatre.4.答案：IthappenedonadayinNovemberwhentheweatherwasverywetandcold.5.答案：October1st,1949wasthedaywhenhewentabroadforfurtherstudy.6.答案：Afteranearthquake,youshouldcheckeverythinginyourhouse,andseewhethergaspipes,waterpipes,andelectriclinesareOK.解析：7.答案：which解析：句意：我们将讨论英语初学者不能正确使用这门语言的一些情况。分析句子结构可知，此处为"介词+关系代词"引导定语从句，先行词为cases，空处应填which。inwhich相当于where，在定语从句中作抽象地点状语。8.答案：which解析：句意：她对我很生气，尽管我解释了我陷入交通堵塞的原因。分析句子结构可知，先行词为thereason，且根据空前的for可知，空处应填which。Forwhich相当于why，引导定语从句并在从句中作原因状语。9.答案：which解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为"介词+关系代词"引导定语从句，先行词为theday，空处应填which。onwhich相当于when，在定语从句中作时间状语。10.答案：when解析：句意：我们已经到了必须开始采取有效措施保护环境以拯救自己的时候了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为stage，表示"时期，阶段"，空处在从句中作时间状语，故填when。四、1.答案：including;that/who;predicted;faster;tofeel;about;an;patients;their;pressure解析：①考查介词。句意：中国健康促进与教育协会的一项调查发现，约有2亿中国人，其中包括亿男性，存在脱发问题。分析句子可知，设空处及之后的内容为列举事例，指2亿的中国人中有亿男性，介词including使用时，用于列举事物前，其结构为：including+列举内容，所以设空处填including。故填including。②考查定语从句。句意：经历过这个问题的主要年龄组是20到40岁。分析句子可知，②_____experiencedtheproblem为定语从句，先行词为Themainagegroup，指这个年龄群体的人们，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that/who。故填that/who。③考查时态。句意：这项调查预测，到2021年，中国将有亿人脱发。分析句子，设空处在句中作谓语，结合前文"AsurveybytheChinaAssociationofHealthPromotionandEducationfoundthat"可知，此处要用一般过去时，故填predicted。④考查比较级。句意：此外，调查发现，30多岁的男性比其他任何年龄段的男性脱发都快。根据设空后的than可知，设空处表示比较，所以用比较级。故填faster。⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：女性更有可能感受到脱发带来的压力。短语belikelytodosth.，意为"可能做某事"，故填tofeel。⑥考查介词。句意：报告称，约19%的男性参与者表示，他们对这个问题越来越担心，而30%的女性表示担心。短语beconcernedaboutsth.，表示"担心某事"，故填about。⑦考查冠词。句意：北京大学第三医院专家王文辉说，她的大多数脱发病人都是年轻人。分析句子可知，此处为WangWenhui的同位语，对其进行补充说明，泛指一个专家，应用不定冠词，因expert的第一个音素为元音音素，所以用不定冠an。故填an。⑧考查名词及其复数。句意同上。结合设空后youngpeople，可知，设空处指人，patient"病人"，为可数名词，结合mostof，可知此处用复数。故填patients。⑨考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她说，这通常是因为年轻人比老年人更关心自己的外表，而年轻人，尤其是那些生活在大城市的年轻人，往往生活节奏快，承受着巨大的压力。根据设空后名词looks，可知此处要用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。⑩考查名词。句意同上。根据设空前的形容词great，可知此处用名词。动词press，意为"施加压力"，其名词形式为pressure，抽象概念，不可数，故填pressure。2.答案：①areloved②from③being④who/that⑤happily⑥them⑦a⑧impressive⑨words⑩growth解析：①这句话少动词，又因为是"被爱戴和信任"，上下文都是一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。②固定搭配：bedifferentfrom...。③介词后用动词的ing形式。④定语从句关系代词。⑤修饰动词do，用副词。⑥对人们好可以起到和帮助他们一样的效果，此处用宾格。⑦此处view为可数名词单数，前面要有冠词。根据句意，是一种正面的观点，因此用不定冠词a。⑧不要靠追逐时尚来让人印象深刻。⑨名词的数，word是可数名词，其单数形式不能单独使用无冠词，因此用复数。⑩your后应该接名词。3.答案：①an②wasastonished③re