物联网智能交通控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献

物联网智能交通控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献物联网智能交通控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献物联网智能交通控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)原文：InternetofThings1.thedefinitionofconnotationTheEnglishnameoftheInternetofThingsTheInternetofThings,referredtoas:theIOT.InternetofThingsthroughthepass,radiofrequencyidentificationtechnology,globalpositioningsystemtechnology,real-timeacquisitionofanymonitoring,connectivity,interactiveobjectsorprocesses,collectingtheirsound,light,heat,electricity,mechanics,chemistry,biology,thelocationofavarietyoftheinformationyouneednetworkaccessthroughavarietyofpossiblethingsandthings,objectsandpeopleinthePan-linkintelligentperceptionofitemsandprocesses,identificationandmanagement.TheInternetofThingsIntelliSenserecognitiontechnologyandpervasivecomputing,ubiquitousnetworkintegrationapplication,knownasthethirdwaveoftheworld'sinformationindustrydevelopmentfollowingthecomputer,theInternet.NotsomuchtheInternetofThingsisanetwork,asInternetofThingsservicesandapplications,InternetofThingsisalsoseenasInternetapplicationdevelopment.Therefore,theapplicationofinnovationisthecoreofthedevelopmentofInternetofThings,and2.0oftheuserexperienceasthecoreinnovationisthesoulofThings.2.Themeaningof"material"Wherethe"objects"tomeetthefollowingconditionscanbeincludedinthescopeofthe"InternetofThings":1.Receiverhavetheappropriateinformation;2.Haveadatatransmissionpath;3.Haveacertainstoragecapabilities;4.TohavetheCPU;5．Tohavetheoperatingsystem;6.Havespecializedapplications;7.Haveadatatransmitter;8.FollowthecommunicationprotocolofThings;9.WorldNetwork,auniquenumberthatcanbeidentified.3．changeTheInternetofThings(InternetofThings)theworduniversallyrecognizedathomeandabroadAshton,ProfessoroftheMITAuto-IDCenterin1999firstproposedtostudyRFID.Thereportofthesamenamereleasedin2005,theInternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU),thedefinitionandscopeoftheInternetofThingshasbeenachangeinthecoverageofalargerexpansion,nolongerrefersonlytotheInternetofThingsbasedonRFIDtechnology.SinceAugust2009,PremierWenJiabaoputforwardthe"ExperienceChina"InternetofThingswasofficiallylistedasanationaloneofthefiveemergingstrategicindustries,towritethe"GovernmentWorkReport"InternetofThingsinChinahasbeenthegreatconcernofthesocietyasawholedegreeofconcernisunparalleledintheUnitedStates,EuropeanUnion,aswellasothercountries.TheconceptofInternetofThingsisnotsomuchaforeignconcept,asithasbeentheconceptofa"MadeinChina",hiscoverageofthetimes,hasgonebeyondthescopeofthe1999Ashtonprofessorandthe2005ITUreportreferredto,InternetofThingshasbeenlabeleda"Chinesestyle"label.4．PrincipleInternetofThingsisonthebasisofthecomputerInternet,RFID,wirelessdatacommunicationstechnology,toconstructacovereverythingintheworld's"InternetofThings".Inthisnetwork,thegoods(products)toeachother"exchange",withouttheneedforhumanintervention.Itsessenceistheuseofradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)technologytoachievetheinterconnectionandsharingoftheautomaticidentificationofgoods(products)andinformationthroughthecomputerInternet.TheInternetofThingsisaveryimportanttechnologyisradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)technology.RFIDisradiofrequencyidentification(RadioFrequencyIdentification)technologyabbreviation,isanautomaticidentificationtechnologyinthe1990sbegantorise,themoreadvancedanon-contactidentificationtechnology.ThedevelopmentofRFIDtechnologybasedonasimpleRFIDsystem,combinedwithexistingnetworktechnology,databasetechnology,middlewaretechnology,tobuildaonecomposedbyalargenumberofnetworkedreadersandnumerousmobilelabel,muchlargerthantheInternetofThingstrend.RFID,Itisabletoletitems"speak"atechnique.Inthe"InternetofThings"concept,RFIDtagsarestoredinthespecificationandinteroperabilityinformationcollectedautomaticallybywirelessdatacommunicationsnetworktoacentralinformationsystem,toachievetheidentificationofgoods(products),andthenthroughtheopencomputernetworkforinformationexchangeandsharing,items"transparent"management.TheinformationtechnologyrevolutionintheInternetofThingsisreferredtoasITmobilePanofaspecificapplication.InternetofThingsthroughIntelliSense,identificationtechnologyandpervasivecomputing,ubiquitousnetworkconvergenceapplications,breakingtheconventionalthinkingbefore,humanbeingscanachieveubiquitouscomputingandnetworkconnectivity[3].ThetraditionalthinkinghasbeentheseparationofphysicalinfrastructureandITinfrastructure:ontheonehand,airports,roads,buildings,whileontheotherhand,thedatacenter,PC,broadband.Intheeraofthe"InternetofThings",reinforcedconcrete,cablewiththechip,broadbandintegrationintoaunifiedinfrastructure,inthissense,theinfrastructureismorelikeanewsiteoftheEarth,theworldreallyworksit,whichincludingeconomicmanagement,productionoperation,socialandevenpersonallife."InternetofThings"makesitmuchmorerefinedanddynamicmanagementofproductionandlife,tomanagethefutureofthecitytoachievethestatusof"wisdom"toimproveresourceutilizationandproductivitylevels,andimprovetherelationshipbetweenmanandnature.5．Agency1,institution-buildingAsthefirstnationalInternetofThingsindustrycommunityorganizations-theapplicationofprofessionalCommitteeofChinaElectronicChamberofThingstechnologyproducts(referredtoas:"objectsoftheIPCC"),theMinistryofCivilAffairsinJune2010,preliminaryapprovedbytheMinistryofAugustbeingreportedthattheMinistryofCivilAffairsforfinalapproval.2,themaintaskServeasabridgebetweenbusinessandgovernmenttoassisttheGovernmentoftheindustryguidance,coordination,consultationandservicestohelpmemberstoreflectthebusinessrequirementstotheGovernment;coordinatetherelationshipbetweenenterprisestostrengthentechnicalcooperation,productdistribution,theeliminationofviciouscompetition;supervisionofmembersthecorrectimplementationofnationallawsandregulations,toregulatetheindustry;memberofinformationcommunicationtechnologyproducts,cooperation,resourcesharing,capitaloperation,andpromotetheapplicationofInternetofThingstechnologiesandproducts,andpromotetheInternetofThingsindustrialscale,co-development.6．ConstructionInternetofThingsinthepracticalapplicationtocarryoutrequirestheinvolvementofallwalksoflife,andneedtheguidanceofthenationalgovernmentaswellasrelatedregulationsandpoliciestoassistthelaunchingoftheInternetofThingshasthescale,broadparticipation,management,technical,andmaterialproperties,etc.otherfeatures,thetechnicalproblemisthemostcrucialissuesofThingsbillionBologisticsconsulting,InternetofThingstechnologyisanintegratedtechnology,asystemnotyetwhichcompanyhasoverallresponsibilityfornetworkplanningandconstructionoftheentiresystem,theoreticalstudieshavecommencedinallwalksoflifeandthepracticalapplicationislimitedtowithintheindustry.ThekeyisontheplanninganddesignandresearchanddevelopmentoftheInternetofThingsresearchinthefieldofRFID,sensors,embeddedsoftware,andtransmissionofdatacalculation.Ingeneral,tocarryoutthestepsoftheInternetofthingsmainlyasfollows:(1)identifiedtheobjectattributes,properties,includingstaticanddynamicpropertiesofthestaticpropertycanbestoreddirectlyinthelabel,thedynamicpropertiesneedtostartwithsensorstodetectreal-time;(2)theneedtoidentifytheequipmenttocompletethereadingofobjectattributes,andinformationintoadataformatsuitablefornetworktransmission;(3)theobjectofinformationtransmittedoverthenetworktotheinformationprocessingcenter(processingcentermaybedistributed,suchashomecomputersormobilephones,mayalsobecentralized,suchasChinaMobileIDC)bytheprocessingcentertocompletetheobjectcommunicationcalculation.7．keyareasInternetofThings4keyareas:(1)RFID;(2)sensornetwork;(3)TheM2M;(4)integrationofthetwo.8.TrendIndustryexpertsbelievethattheInternetofthingsontheonehandcanimproveeconomicefficiencyandsignificantcostsavings;theotherhand,canprovidetechnicalimpetustoglobaleconomicrecovery.Currently,theUnitedStates,theEuropeanUnionareallinvestedheavilyin-depthstudytoexploretheInternetofThings.ThecountryisalsohighlyconcernedabouttheemphasisofThings,IndustryandInformationTechnologyMinistryinconjunctionwiththerelevantdepartmentsareconductingresearchinanewgenerationofITtotheformationofpoliciesandmeasurestosupportthedevelopmentofanewgenerationofIT.ChinaMobileCEOWangJianzhouhasrepeatedlymentionedtheInternetofThingswillbecomethefocusoffuturedevelopmentofChinaMobile.HewillbeinvitedtoTaiwantoproduceRFID,sensorsandbarcodemanufacturersandChinaMobile.Accordingtohim,theuseoftheInternetofThingstechnology,ShanghaiMobilehasanumberofindustrialcustomerstailorthedatacollection,transmission,processingandbusinessmanagementinonesetofwirelessapplicationsolutions.ThelatestdatashowthatShanghaiMobilehasmorethan100,000chipsmountedonataxi,bus,variousformsofmatternetworkingapplicationsinallwalksofprowess,toensuretheorderlyoperationofthecity.DuringtheShanghaiWorldExpo,"thebusservicesthrough"willbefullyappliedtotheShanghaipublictransportsystem,thesmoothflowtraffictothemostadvancedtechnologytoprotectExpoarea;forlogisticstransportationmanagement,e-logistics",willprovideuserswithreal-timeaccurateinformationofCargo,vehicletrackingandpositioning,thetransportpathselection,logisticsnetworkdesignandoptimizationservicesgreatlyenhancethecomprehensivecompetitivenessoflogisticsenterprises.Inaddition,thepopularizationofthe"InternetofThings"forthenumberofanimals,plantsandmachinery,sensorsandRFIDtagsofitemsandrelatedinterfacedeviceswillgreatlyexceedthenumberofmobilephones.ThepromotionoftheInternetofThingswillbecomeadrivetopromoteeconomicdevelopmentfortheindustrytoopenupapotentialdevelopmentopportunities.AccordingtothecurrentdemandontheInternetofThings,inrecentyears,billionsofsensorsandelectronictags,whichwillgreatlypromotetheproductionofITcomponents,whileincreasingthenumberofjobopportunities.Accordingtoreports,itisnecessarytotrulybuildaneffectiveInternetofthings,therearetwoimportantfactors.First,thescale,onlywiththescaletomaketheitemsofintelligenceplayarole.Forexample,acityofonemillionvehicles,ifweonly10000vehiclesinstalledonthesmartsystem,itisimpossibletoformanintelligenttransportationsystem;twomobilityitemsareusuallynotstatic,butinthestateofthemovement,wemustmaintaintheitemsinthestateofmotion,andevenhigh-speedmotionstatecanatanytimefordialogue.FORRESTERoftheauthorityoftheU.S.advisorybodypredictedthat2020,theworldofbusinessoftheInternetofThings,comparedwiththebusinessofinterpersonalcommunication,willreach30to1,sothe"InternetofThings"isknowntobethenextonetrillioncommunicationsservices.InternetofThingsheatwaveWhyisrapidlygrowinginChina?InternetofThingsinChinarapidrisethankstotheseveraladvantagesofourcountryintermsofthings.Intheearly1999launchedtheInternetofThingscoresensornetworktechnologyresearch,R&Dlevelintheworld;thesecond,sensornetworkfieldintheworld,Chinaisthestandardoneofthedominantcountry,thepatentowner;thirdChinaisoneofthecountriestoachieveacompleteindustrialchainofThings;Fourth,China'swirelesscommunicationsnetworkandbroadbandcoverageprovidesasolidinfrastructuretosupportthedevelopmentoftheInternetofThings;Fifth,Chinahasbecometheworld'sfirstthethreemajoreconomies,withstrongeconomicstrengthtosupportthedevelopmentoftheInternetofThings.9.UsesThingswidelyusedthroughouttheintelligenttransportation,environmentalprotection,government,publicsafety,peaceathome,smartfire,industrialmonitoring,environmentalmonitoring,elderlycare,personalhealth,floriculture,watermonitoring,foodtraceability,enemydetectionandintelligencecollectionandotherfields.InternationalTelecommunicationUnionin2005,areporthasportrayedthepictureoftheeraofthe"InternetofThings":carwhenthedriveroperationalerrorswillautomaticallyalarm;briefcasewillremindtheownerforgotsomething;clotheswill"tell"washingmachinecolorandwatertemperaturerequirements.BillionBologisticsconsultingvividintroductionofThingsinthelogisticsfield,forexample,alogisticscompany,applicationofThingstruck,whenloadingoverweight,thecarwillautomaticallytellyouoverloadedandoverloadhowmany,butthespaceremaining,theseverityofgoodswithhowtotellyou;whenhandlingstaffunloadingacargopackagingmaybeshouting"throwyouhurtme",or"Mydear,youdonotgettoobarbaric,youcan?";whenthedriverandothersgossip,truckswillpretendboss'svoiceroaring"stupid,thegrid!InternetofthingstomakefulluseofanewgenerationofITtechnologyinallwalksoflifeamong,specifically,isembeddedsensorsandequipmenttothepowergrid,railways,bridges,tunnels,highways,buildings,watersystems,dams,oilandgaspipelines,etc.kindsofobjects,andthen"InternetofThings"withtheexistingInternettointegrateandrealizetheintegrationofhumansocietyandthephysicalsystem,whichinthisintegratednetwork,thereistheabilitytosuper-powerfulcentralcomputercluster,integratednetworkstaffimplementationofreal-timemanagementandcontrolofthemachinery,equipmentandinfrastructure,onthisbasis,thehumancanbemorerefinedanddynamicmanagementofproductionandlife,toachievethestatusofthe"wisdom",toimproveresourceutilizationandproductivitylevels,andimprovehumantherelationshipbetweenthenatural.Thereisnodoubtthatifthe"InternetofThings"era,people'sdailyliveswillhaveseendramaticchanges.However,thetalkaboutprivacyandradiation,thesingle-Allitemsareimplantedidentificationchipthatnowseemsunrealistic.Ismovingtowardtheeraofthe"InternetofThings",butthisprocessmaytakeaverylongtime.译文：物联网1.定义内涵物联网的英文名称为TheInternetofThings,简称：IOT。物联网通过传器、射频识别技术、全球定位系统等技术，实时采集任何需要监控、连接、互动的物体或过程，采集其声、光、热、电、力学、化学、生物、位置等各种需要的信息，通过各类可能的网络接入，实现物与物、物与人的泛在链接，实现对物品和过程的智能化感知、识别和管理。物联网是通过智能感知、识别技术与普适计算、泛在网络的融合应用，被称为继计算机、互联网之后世界信息产业发展的第三次浪潮。与其说物联网是网络，不如说物联网是业务和应用，物联网也被视为互联网的应用拓展。因此应用创新是物联网发展的核心，以用户体验为核心的创新2.0是物联网发展的灵魂。2.“物”的涵义这里的“物”要满足以下条件才能够被纳入“物联网”的范围：1．要有相应信息的接收器；2．要有数据传输通路；3．要有一定的存储功能；4．要有CPU；5．要有操作系统；6．要有专门的应用程序；7．要有数据发送器；8．遵循物联网的通信协议；9．在世界网络中有可被识别的唯一编号。3.变化物联网(InternetofThings)这个词，国内外普遍公认的是MITAuto-ID中心Ashton教授1999年在研究RFID时最早提出来的。在2005年国际电信联盟（ITU）发布的同名报告中，物联网的定义和范围已经发生了变化，覆盖范围有了较大的拓展，不再只是指基于RFID技术的物联网。自2009年8月温家宝总理提出“感知中国”以来,物联网被正式列为国家五大新兴战略性产业之一，写入“政府工作报告”，物联网在中国受到了全社会极大的关注，其受关注程度是在美国、欧盟、以及其他各国不可比拟的。物联网的概念与其说是一个外来概念，不如说它已经是一个“中国制造”的概念，他的覆盖范围与时俱进，已经超越了1999年Ashton教授和2005年ITU报告所指的范围，物联网已被贴上“中国式”标签。

4.原理物联网是在计算机互联网的基础上，利用RFID、无线数据通信等技术，构造一个覆盖世界上万事万物的“InternetofThings”。在这个网络中，物品(商品)能够彼此进行“交流”，而无需人的干预。其实质是利用射频自动识别(RFID)技术，通过计算机互联网实现物品(商品)的自动识别和信息的互联与共享。物联网中非常重要的技术是射频识别（RFID）技术。RFID是射频识别（RadioFrequencyIdentification）技术英文缩写，是20世纪90年代开始兴起的一种自动识别技术，是目前比较先进的一种非接触识别技术。以简单RFID系统为基础，结合已有的网络技术、数据库技术、中间件技术等，构筑一个由大量联网的阅读器和无数移动的标签组成的，比Internet更为庞大的物联网成为RFID技术发展的趋势。而RFID，正是能够让物品“开口说话”的一种技术。在“物联网”的构想中，RFID标签中存储着规范而具有互用性的信息，通过无线数据通信网络把它们自动采集到中央信息系统，实现物品(商品)的识别，进而通过开放性的计算机网络实现信息交换和共享，实现对物品的“透明”管理。信息化革命的浪潮，物联网被称为信息技术移动泛在化的一个具体应用。物联网通过智能感知、识别技术与普适计算、泛在网络的融合应用，打破了之前的传统思维，人类可以实现无所不在的计算和网络连接[3]。传统的思路一直是将物理基础设施和IT基础设施分开：一方面是机场、公路、建筑物，而另一方面是数据中心，个人电脑、宽带等。而在“物联网”时代，钢筋混凝土、电缆将与芯片、宽带整合为统一的基础设施，在此意义上，基础设施更像是一块新的地球工地，世界的运转就在它上面进行，其中包括经济管理、生产运行、社会管理乃至个人生活。“物联网”使得人们可以更加精细和动态的方式管理生产和生活，管理未来的城市，达到“智慧”状态，提高资源利用率和生产力水平，改善人与自然间的关系。

5.机构1、机构建设作为首个全国性物联网产业社团组织——中国电子商会物联网技术产品应用专业委员会（简称：“物专委”），于2010年6月经过国家民政部初审、8月通过工信部核准，正在报民政部进行最终审批。2、主要任务在企业和政府之间发挥桥梁作用，协助政府对行业进行指导、协调、咨询和服务，帮助会员向政府反映企业要求；协调企业与企业之间的关系，加强技术合作、产品流通，消除恶性竞争；监督会员正确执行国家的法规制度，规范行业发展；通过会员单位间的信息沟通交流、技术产品合作、资源共享、资本运作等，推进物联网技术和产品的应用，推动中国物联网产业规模化、协同化发展。

6.建设

物联网在实际应用上的开展需要各行各业的参与，并且需要国家政府的主导以及相关法规政策上的扶助，物联网的开展具有规模性、广泛参与性、管理性、技术性、物的属性等等特征，其中，技术上的问题是物联网最为关键的问题，亿博物流咨询介绍，物联网技术是一项综合性的技术，是一项系统，目前国内还没有哪家公司可以全面负责物联网的整个系统规划和建设，理论上的研究已经在各行各业展开，而实际应用还仅局限于行业内部。关于物联网的规划和设计以及研发关键在于RFID、传感器、嵌入式软件以及传输数据计算等领域的研究。一般来讲，物联网的开展步骤主要如下：（1）对物体属性进行标识，属性包括静态和动态的属性，静态属性可以直接存储在标签中，动态属性需要先由传感器实时探测；（2）需要识别设备完成对物体属性的读取，并将