高中英语小短文及高中英语相似词汇汇总

MyfamilyIlovemyfamily,becauseIhaveahappyfamily.MyfatherisanEnglishteacher.HisnameisJacky.Heisthirty-eight.Helikesplayingbasketball.What’smymotherjob?Issheateacher?Yes,you’reright!Mymotherisverykindandnice,sheisthirty-seven.Mymotherisalwayslaboriouswork.Ilovemyparents!OnSaturdayandSunday,Ioftengotothelibraryandplaythepiano,Myfathergotoplaybasketball.Sometimes,wewatchTVandlistentomusicathome.Ilovemyfamily.BecauseI’mveryhappytolivewithmyparentstogether!我的家庭我爱我的家庭,因为我有一个快乐的家庭.我的爸爸是一名英语教师,他的名字叫Jacky.他今年38岁.他非常喜欢打篮球.我的妈妈是赶什么呢?她是一名教师吗?是的.你说对了!我的妈妈是一个很亲切、友善的人,她今年37岁.我妈妈总是勤劳的干活.我爱我的父母.在星期六和星期天里,我经常去图书馆和弹钢琴.我爸爸去打篮球.有时侯,我们都在家看电视和听音乐.我爱我家.因为我和爸爸妈妈一起生活得很开心!MyRoomThisismyroom.Nearthewindowthereisadesk.Ioftendomyhomeworkatit.Youcanseesomebooks,someflowersinavase,arulerandapen.Onthewallnearthedeskthereisapictureofacat.Thereisaclockabovetheendofmybed.Iusuallyputmyshoeundermybed.Ofcoursethereisachairinfrontofthedesk.IsitthereandIcanseethetreesandroadsoutside.我的房间这是我的房间。在窗口附近有一张书桌。我经常在那做我的家庭作业。您能看有些书，有些花在花瓶里，一把格尺和笔。在墙壁在书桌有猫的图片。有一个时钟在我的床上的末端。我通常把我的鞋子放在我的床下。当然有一把椅子在书桌前面。我坐那里，并且我能看外面的树和路SkatingMomboughtmeapairofskatingshoesatmyfifthbirthday.Fromthenon,Idevelopedthehobbyofskating.Itnotonlymakesmestrongerandstronger,butalsohelpsmeknowmanytruthsoflife.Iknowthatitisnormaltofall,andifonlyyoucangetonyourfeetagainandkeeponmoving,youareverygood!滑冰妈妈买了我一双冰鞋鞋子在我的第五个生日。从那时起，我爱好滑冰。它不仅使我越来越加强，而且帮助我知道生活许多真谛。我知道摔倒是正常的，并且，如果只有你能摔倒后再站起来，就是非常好!TheSeaWhatdoyouknowaboutthesea?Somepeopleknowaboutit,butothersdon’t.Thesealooksbeautifulonafinesunnyday,theseaisverybig.Intheworld,thereismoreseathanland.DoyouknowHainan海你对海知道些什么？某些人知道关于它，但其他不。海看起来美丽在一个美好的晴天，海是非常大的。在世界上，比土地有更多海。您是否知道海南岛？那非常好。我们能看海滩、树和海。我们可以游泳和参观很多美好的地方。ComputersComputersarechangingourlife.Youcandoalotofthingswithacomputer.Suchas,youcanuseacomputertowritearticles,watchvideoCDs,playgamesanddoofficework.ButthemostimportantuseofacomputeristojointheInternet.Wedon’tneedtoleavehometoborrowbooksfromalibraryortodoshoppinginasupermarket.Computershelpusliveamoreconvenientlife.计算机计算机改变我们的生活。您能做很多事用计算机。例如，您能使用计算机写文章，手表录影CDs，戏剧比赛和完成办公室工作。但对计算机的最重要的用途是加入Internet.我们不需要离开家去从图书馆借用书或在超级市场做购物。计算机帮助我们居住更加方便的生活。SmilingIthinksmilingisasimportantassunshine.Smilingislikesunshinebecauseitcanmakepeoplehappyandhaveagoodday.Ifyouaren’thappy,youcansmile,andthenyouwillfeelhappy.Someonemaysay,“ButIdon’tfeelhappy.”ThenIwouldsay,“Pleasesmileasyoudowhenyouarehappyorplaywithyourfriendshappily.Youwillreallybehappyagain.”Smilingcanletyouhavemorefriends.SoIsay,smilingislikeaflower.Itwillgiveyouhappiness.微笑我认为微笑是一样重要的象阳光。微笑是象阳光，因为它可能使人愉快和有一个早晨好。如果您不是愉快的，您能微笑，您然后将感觉愉快。某人也许说，“但是我不感到愉快”。然后我会说，“请微笑，您，当您愉快地是愉快或戏剧与您的朋友。您真正地再将是愉快的”。微笑可能让您有更多朋友。如此我说，微笑是象花。它将给您幸福。SundayItwasSundayandIdidn'thavetogotoschool.Ifinishedmyhomeworkthedaybefore.SoIdecidedtohelpmotherdohousework.IwashedsomeclothesafterIgotup.ThenIwentshoppingwithabasket.Iboughtsomemeat,eggsandsomevegetablesinthemarket.AfterIcameback,Istartedtocookdinnerforthewholefamily.Intheevening,IsatatthetableandbegantowritedownonmynotebookwhatIhaddoneduringtheday.星期天它是星期天，并且我没有必须去学校。我前一天完成了我的家庭作业。如此我决定帮助做家事。在我起来了之后，我洗了一些衣裳。然后我带着篮子去购物。我在市场上买了一些肉、蛋和有些菜。在我回来了之后，我开始为全家烹调晚餐。在晚上，我在我的笔记本写下什么我白天做了什么。春天：SpringSpringisadelightfulseason.Thetemperaturesaremoderate,andthebloomingtreesandflowersmakethecitybrightwithcolors.Thisisthetimewhenwecanbegintowearlighterandmorebrightlycoloredclothesandgooutdoorsmoreoften.Smallerchildrenliketobringtheirkitesouttothespacioussquare.AlsoIenjoygoingbacktothevillageonthisholidayafterbeinginthecityforthewintermonths.春天是个让人欣喜的季节.气温适中,挂满绿叶的树和盛开的花朵给城市增添了明亮的色彩.在这个时节里,我们可以穿上轻便靓丽的衣服经常出门去了.小孩子们则喜欢在广阔的天空中放风筝.在城里呆了一个冬天之后,我也喜欢回到村子里度假.夏天：Summeristhegreatseasonforallsportsintheopenair.Itistheseasonforfootballwhichisoftencalledthenationalsportbecauseofitspopularity.Iusuallywatchtelevisionandreadthenewspaperreportsaboutthefootballresultsofthelittleleagues.DuringthesummerIliketogotothebeachoftenbecauseitisveryclosetomyhome.Iusuallygothereduringthesummervacationtorelaxaftermanymonthsinschoolinthecity.Ifeelverycomfortablewiththefamiliarquietlifeofthevillagers.夏天是户外运动最好的季节.这是一个橄榄球的季节,橄榄球由于广受欢迎被称为全民运动.我常常看电视,看报纸,从报道中获得小联盟橄榄球赛的比赛结果.夏日里,我喜欢经常去海滩,因为那里离我家不远.在城里的学校呆了几个月后,暑假我常常去那里放松一下.此处有我很熟悉的村民们的宁静生活,这让我倍感舒适.秋天：AutumnFormetheautumnorfallstartsinSeptemberwhenschoolstartsitsnewterm.Iusuallydosomeshopping.Themildweathermadeitverynicetostudyoutsideunderthetreesinasmallparkclosetomyhouse.Iliketolookuptheleaveschangingcolorsfromgreentoredandyellow,andthenbrowncolors.Theparkalsohasmanybrightfallflowers;sometimesIseeasmallsquirrelcomingdownfromthetreetohuntforfoodontheground.Ontheweekends,Isometimesliketoflymykite.Usuallyonthestreetcornersyoucanseestreetpeddlerssellingwarmbakedsweetpotatoes.Thisisanicetimeoftheyear.我觉得秋天是在9月份新学期开始的时候来临.我常常要去买一些东西.宜人的天气让我感觉在离家不远的小公园的树下学习是件非常惬意的事.我喜欢抬起头看蓍枝头上的树叶由绿变红,变黄,然后再变褐.公园里还有许多鲜艳的秋花.有时我会见到小松鼠从树上跳到地上觅食.在周末,我有时会去放风筝.在街头的拐角处,常常会有街头小贩在卖烤红薯.秋天是一年中的好时节.冬天：WinterWinterisverycoldandwindyinmostpartsofChina.IusuallylookforwardtotheSpringFestivalandthewinterholidaywhenIcangotothesouthwheretheclimateiswarmerduringtheseholidays.Also,Ilookforwardtoseeingmygrandparentsandmyfriends.Winteristhetimeeveryoneisinafestivemood.Inthecity,Iusuallydoalotofreadingathomeinthewinterbecauseofehcoldweatheroutside.中国大部分地区的冬天是即冷又有风的。我总是盼望着春节或寒假，到时候我就可以去南方了，当地的气候在这时会暖和的多。我也盼望着去探望我的祖父母和我的朋友。冬天，每个人都怀着喜庆的心情。在城里，冬天的时候我经常待在家里尽情地看书，因为外面的天气非常的冷。旅游atriptobeijingThesummerholidaywascoming,myfamilydecidedtogoonatirp,ouraimisbeijing.Monday,wecametotheairport,afterawhile,wetookaplane.atthemoment,Iwassoexcitedthaticouldnotcalmdown.abouttwohours,wearrived.Thenwefoundahotel,wewasgoingtovisitbeijingtomorrow.Thesecondday,Igotupveryearly,afterbreakfast,wetookabus,thenwearriedthesummerpalace,wesawthebeautifuiviewofit,wewereveryhappy.Thethirdday,wewenttotheGreatWall,itisawonder,wetookmanyphotos,bythisvisiting,Iknowchinaissobig.Thefourithdayfinallyarrived,todaywasthelastday,but,wethinkthatwehavenotvisitedthefamousestinterestingplace---Thepalacemuseum,sowevisitedit,wesawmanyoldthings,wealsotookmanyphotos.Intheafternoon,wecameback,home,Iwillrememberthismeaningfulexperience,It'smybestmemory.AwonderfulTriptosuzhouLikeothertourists,Iandmyhusbandhavebeenpreparingthevacationjourneyforalongtime.Ofcourse,wehaveadirectpurpose-Suzhou,abeautifulcityIalwaysdreamingof.Fortunately,twodayswespentthereweregreatlynice.Inthefirstday,wevisitedthereallyfamousoldtownnamedMuduwhichemperorQianlongstoppedbysixtimesatQingDynasty.Thetownissolargethatourfootshardlywereabletomoveaftertheday’svisiting.Obviously,therearelotsofinterestingthings-theshoesworebyQingDynasty’swomen,numerouswoodensculptureandsmoothsilkslaidoutandwelcomedtraditionalcakes.Wecompletelyperceivethehotpassionsofthegoodpeoplethere.Onourseconddaytrip,that’sright,wewenttotheClassicalgardensofSuzhou.Withgreatsurprise,thegardensinSuzhouweresomuchbetterdesignedthanwhatwehadthought.Itisworthvisiting!ThereareanumberofpondsandrockeriesandbonsaitomakeupofthewholeperspectivesjustlikeinXanadu.Takingalotofwonderfulphotos,wejusthadagoodtimesothatwedidn’twanttogohome.what’smore,wearealreadyplanningthenexttour.读书Asconsensusofeveryone,peopleshouldreadbooks,especiallywhentheyareyoung.However,westillshouldreadselectivelyinsteadofblindly.InChina,manyparentsforcetheirchildrentoreadallkindsofbooksforsomereason,thatmakesthosekidsunderheavystress.Idon'tthinkit'sagoodwayforeducation,childshouldreadthosebookswhichcanhelpthemdevelopagoodviewpointabouttheworldandlife,suchasthanksgiving,appreciation,politenessanddiligence.Evenforadult,weshouldselectwhatwereadaswell,becauseourengergyislimited.Moreover,westillneedtolearnmuchknowledgehelpfulforourcareer.Actually,Ithinkreadingblindlyisjustwastingtime.Nowadays,peoplefeelmuchmorestressthanbefore,sowecanchosethosebooksaboutcomputerapplication,investment,Englishlearning,economy,finance，etc.So,allinall,weshouldattachimportancetobothofselectivityanduniversalitywhenthinkingaboutreading.环境Environmentalprotectionmeansprotectingthelivingaroundus.Itishardtoimaginewhatourlifewillbeliketoday,iftherubbertreebecameextinctmorethanonehundredyearsagobeforethemanfounditsusage.Asweallknown,peoplerecognizedaloefromthesecond-world-war.Aloecouldcureourhurtandmakeitrecoveredquickly.Wemayrealizethatthevalueofthelivingarounduswillgraduallybefoundwiththeprogressofhumancivilization.Sothecommonlivingtodaymightbeagreatusagetohumanbeings,maybethebestdrugofcuringcancerwillessencefromthelivingaroundusnow.Ithinkenvironmentalprotectionisprotectingourselves,yettherearestillalotofpeoplehavenotrealizedthattheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.Theystilldestroyedtheforest,dischargetheindustrialwaste,killedthewildanimalformealandsoon.Weshouldspreadtheeducationoftheenvironmentalprotection,tomakemoreandmorepeoplehavethesameviewofmine.Theenvironmentalprotectionwillbealongwaytogointhefuture,andwemustinsiston.学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分;语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分;文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。下面是笔者整理的50组同义词。1.路way:Whereverthereisroomforanobjecttoproceed,thereisaway.road:Aroadisapreparedwayfortravelingwithhorsesorvehicles.path:Awaysuitabletobetraveledonlybyfootpassengersorbyanimals.route:Arouteisalineoftravel,andmaybeovermanyroads.street:Astreetisinsomecentreofhabitation,asacitytownorvillage,whenitpassesbetweenhousesofdwellings.avenue:Aavenueisalong,broadandimposing(壮严)orprincipalstreet.2.时代(期)(时期)period:Itindicatesanypassageoftime,greatorsmall./anextentoftimeofanylength.(时代)time(s):Itreferstoaperiodinhistory.inancienttimes/inVictoriatime(新时代)epoch:Itindicatesalongperiodoftimemarkedbyeventsordevelopmentofaparticularkind.Thefirstflightintospacemarkedanewepochinthehistoryofmankind.(纪元)era:Itreferstoaverylongperiodoftimemarkedbyaparticularfeatureinagreatneweraofworldrevolution(时期)age:Itshowsaparticular/afairlydefiniteperiodinhistory.theBronzeAge,IronAge3.战斗(打仗)fight:Itisabodilystruggle(奋斗斗争)struggle:Aneffortofanykindtoovercomedifficulty.(战斗)battle:Afightbetweenarmedforces.(战役)campaign:Aseriesofrelatedmilitaryoperationsinawar.(战争)war:Aperiodoffightbetweencountriesorstateswhenweaponsareusedandmanypeoplearekilled.(对抗)combat:Afight,conflict,controversy.4.牧师(教士牧师)priest:Aperson,esp.amanspeciallytrainedforvariousreligiousdutiesandceremonies,intheChristianchurch,esp.intheRomanCatholicchurch(牧师)minister:Amemberofclergy,esp.Protestantchurches.(牧师)clergy(pl):Theofficiallyappointedleaderofthereligiousactivitiesofaparticularchurchortemple.clergyman:clergymen(pl)amemberofclergy.(牧师)pastor:AChristianreligiousleaderinchargeofachurchanditsmembers,esp.inaProtestantchurch.(教区牧师)vicar:Apriestinchargeofanarea(parish)inthechurchofEngland.father:Alittleofrespectforapriest,esp.intheRomanCatholic.5.服装clothing(collect):(fml)Generaltermofclothes.clothes(nosingle):Coveringsofthebodysuchascoats,dresses,suits,shoes,hats.garment(fl):Asuitofclothesusedbyactors./asinglearticleofclothing.costume:1)Thefashionofdresspeculiartoapeople,nation,class,period,etc.2)Adresswornbyactorsinaplay.uniform:wornbyallmembersofthecommunity.dress:1)Akindofoutergarmentwornbywomen(连衣裙).2)wornonspecialoccasions(礼服)eveningdress/morningdresssuit:Asetofouterclothestobeworntogether.eveningsuit/swimmingsuitcoat:Agarmentwithsleeveswornontopofotherclothesfromrain,heat,etc.overcoat:Awarncoatworninthestreet.6.哭cry:Themostgeneralone.(哭泣)weep:Toletflowtears.(抽泣抽嗒)sob:Toweeporsighwithshortquickbreaths.(哭天抹泪涕泪交流)snivel:Tosniffleandcryinairritatingmanner.(哭嚎又哭又闹)blubber:Tocryloudlynoisily.(发出低声报怨声)whine:Tomakealowcomplainingcry.(嚎哭)bawl:Toutterloudcries(alwaysinbadsense).(痛哭)wail:Tocryaloudfrompainorsorrow.(呻吟)moan:Tomakealow,miserablesoundinpainorsorrow.(呻吟)grown:Tomakealowsoundofpain,unhappinessordisapproval(哀悼)mourn:Tofeelorshowsadnessorsorrowforsomeonewhohasdied.(哀悼)lament:Toexpressgreatsorroworregret.7.美丽漂亮good-looking:Havinganattractiveappearanceinastrong,healthywayusedformenandwomennotthings.beautiful:(awomanorathing)Suggestingsymmetryoffeaturesorperfectionofproportion,eleganceandmobility.beautifulflowers,abeautifulgirl/voice/city/facebeautifulweather.handsome:Ofattractiveappearanceappliestomen.ahandsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/youngman.pretty:(agirl,orasmallthing)Suggestinglivelinessandsweetness,pleasingornicetolookat.aprettylittlewoman/garden,aprettygirl/picture/pieceofmusic,lovely:(something)Sobeautifulthatitmakesyoufeelgoodtolookatitoreventothinkaboutit.Thegardenlookslovely.fair:Beautiful(ofwomaninpoet)lightincoloresp.,skinhair.gorgeous:(personsorthings)(inf)Extremelybeautifulorhandsome.8.拉、拖pull:Themostgeneralone.draw:Itimpliesasmoother,steadiermotionandgenerallyalighterforcethanpull.drag:Itusuallyreferstohorizontalmotionormotionupanincline(slope)anditsuggestslaboriouseffortsoverroughgroundoragainstfriction,resistanceorgravity.Theescapedprisonerwasdraggedoutofhishidingplace.haul:Itimpliescontinuouspullingordraggingofheavyorbulkyobjects.Thefishermanishaulinganet.tug:Itappliestohardoftensuddenviolentefforttopull.Hetuggedatmysleevetoaskdirections.jerk:Topullsuddenly.Hejerkedouttheknifethatwasstuckinthewound.tow:Topullbyaropeorchain.Wetowedthecartothenearestgarage.wrench:Topullhardwithatwistingorturningmovement.9.旋转turn:Themostgeneralone.(自转)spin:Toturnquicklyaroundacentralpoint.Itemphasizesthecontinuityoftheaction,andusuallythenarrowextentofthecircularmotion.Thewheelisspinningonitsaxis.(急转)whirl:Toroundveryfast.Itimpliesthelockofconsciouscontrol.Theleaveswhirlinthewindintheyard.(转动)rotate:Toturnroundafixedpointwithacircularmovement.Theearthrotatesonceevery24hours.(绕转)revolve:Toturnormoveinacirclearoundacentralpoint.Itindicatescircularorelliptical(椭圆)movement.Theplanetsrevolvearoundthesun.10.生气、气愤anger:Themostgeneralone.(易怒)becross:Feelingeasytogetangry.(愤慨)indignation:(fml)Anger.Itstressesrighteousangeratwhatoneconsidersunfair,meanorshameful.Weexpressedourindignationattheruthlessexploitation.(愤怒)wrath:Verytreatanger.(literary)Itsuggestsadesireonintenttorevengeorpunish.(狂怒)rage:Wild,violentanger.Itsuggestslossofself-controlfromviolenceofemotion.inarage/tofallintoarage.(暴怒)fury:Violent,extremeanddestructiveanger.Sheflewintoafury.11.错误(误会)mistake:Awrongthought,act.ItimpliescarelessnessAnyonecanmakeamistake.(过错弱点)fault:Abadpoint,butnotofaseriousmoralkind.Itreferstobehaviorandcharacter.Hisonlyfaultisthathelacksambition.findfaultwithsb/atfaultshortcoming:Weakness,failingItreferstofailuresordeficienciesinthingsaswellaspeople.InspiteofallhershortcomingsIstillthinkshe'soneofthebestteachersintheschool.(疏忽)error:Amistake(formalsometimesliterary)ItimpliesdeviationfromastandardormodelTheaccidentwascausedbyhumanerror.(缺点毛病)defect:sthlackingorimperfect.Itreferstoquality.Theradiowasreturnedbecauseofadefect.(失误过失)blunder:Averystupidorunnecessarymistake.Itimpliesignorance.Thisisthefatalblunderofhislife.12.图画picture:Themostgeneralone.(彩图)painting:pictureswithcolor.(绘画图画)drawing:Apicturemadewithapen,pencilandcrayon.Sketch,diagramsandgraphsarealldrawings.(草图)sketch:Aroughnotdetaileddrawing.(图解图表)diagram:Adrawing,figurethatshowsthearrangementofsomething.(曲线图)graph:Adiagraminwhichastraightline,curved,orzigzaglineshowshowtwosetsofnumbersormeasurementsarerelated.(插图)illustration:Apicturetogowithwordsofabook.(图样草图)draft:Thefirstroughwrittenformofanything.(平面图)plan:Alinedrawingofabuildingasitmightbeenseenfromabove.(主视图)elevation:Aflatuprightsideofabuilding.(海图)chart:Amapesp.adetailedmapofaseaarea.13.特别(专门的,与众不同的)special:Differentinsomewayfromwhatiscommon,ordinary,orusual.Itstresseshavingaquality,character,identity,oruseofitsown.Thetubecontainsspecialgases.(特别的)especial:(fml)Toanusuallygreatdegree,exceptionalItemphasizestheimportanceofthethingsorthepersonsmentionedThisisamatterofespecialimportance.(各别的)particular:Relatingorbelongingtoonlyonethingorperson.Itstressesthedistinctnessofsomethingasanindividualwhichisworthnotice.Inthatparticularcase,theruledoesn'thold.(适用)(特种的)specific:Detailedandexact,clearinmeaningandexplanation,fixed,determined.(usedinscientificarticles)Itimpliesaqualityorcharacterdistinguishingakindoraspecies.Hegavemeaveryspecificinstruction.Thereisaspecifictoolforeachjob.(独特的)peculiar:Strangeorperhapsunpleasant.Itimpliesstrangeness.Hehasapeculiarwayofspeaking.14.取消、消灭(取消解除)cancel:Togiveup,todeclaresomethingistobeeffective.Hehascancelledhisleaveofabsence.(消假)(废除废止)abolish:Todoawaywith.Itreferstopractices,socialinstitutions.Badcustomsshouldbeabolished.(消灭排除)eliminate:Togetridof.Weshouldeliminatethefalseandretainthetrue.(撤消废除)repeal:Tobringtoanendoftheeffectofalaworanorder.Somelawsshouldberepealed.(根除消灭)exterminate:Todestroycompletelyandwholly.Colonialismmustbeexterminated.15.破碎break:Themostgeneralone.(压碎压破)crush:Topresstogetherviolentlyastobreak,todestroyitsshapebysqueezingit.Itsuggeststheeffectofgreatexternalpressure.Thetreefellontopofthecarandcrushedit.(打碎)smash:Tobreakthoroughlytopieceswithacrushingsound.Shedroppedtheplateandsmashedit.(打裂)crack:Tobreakwithoutseparationofparts.Itsuggeststhebreakingoutacrossasurface.Hecrackedthewindowbyleaningagainstit.(破裂)burst:Tobreakopenbypressurefromwithin.Thefireworksburstwhiletheywereintheair.(砸碎破碎)shatter:Tobreakintopieces.Itsuggeststhebreakingupofathinsurface.Theglasswasshatteredtopieces.(撞坏)crash:Torefertothevehiclewhichhitssomethingandisbadlydamaged.16.环境形势(环境形势)conditions:Thelocationandotherfactorslikelytoaffectit.Itsuggestssomethingthathasstayedthesameforsometimeandwhichaffectsdailylifesuchasfood,work,andhouses.Wearenowstudyingtheeconomicconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.(形势)situation:Apositionorstateataparticulartime,setofconditions,facts,andeventshavinganeffectonaperson,society,etc.Itsuggestsmoregeneralmatterssuchasgovernmentplanningandfinance.Thepoliticalsituationinthesecountriesarealwayschanging.(环境周围外界)environment:Thecircumstances,thingsandconditionsthatinfluenceyou.Itreferstospiritaspect,physicalaspectandmaterialaspect.Wemusttrytobeautifyourenvironment.(形势情况)circumstance(s):Asituationoreventaroundus,acertainkindofatmosphere,theconditionsthataffectwhathappens.in(under)thecircumstances(环境周围事物)surrounding(s):Theareaandenvironmentaroundaplaceorperson.Itindicatesaverynarrowcondition,"physically"sometimesreflectsspiritualaspect.Theylivedinhostilesurroundings.17.著名的well-known:(infl)famous:Themostgeneralone.widelyknownorhonored.(杰出的知名的)distinguished:Great,outstandingmarkedbyexcellentqualityordeservedfame,usedespeciallyofpeoplewhoarefamousforseriousworkinscience,theartsetc.Hewasadistinguishedwriter.(驰名的)celebrated:Famous,(substituteforrenowned)Itrefersobjectivelytosborsomethingthathasbeengiveacclaimorhonouredwithawardsorprizes.Shewasacelebratedactress.renowned:Highlyhonoredandfamousforsomethinggood.oftenreferstoplacesorthings,alsoItsuggestssomethingthathasbecomelegendaryorisnolongeravailableforanobjectiveevaluation.Edisonwasrenownedforhisinventions.noted:Well-knownandadmiredItoftendescribesamoreintellectualkindofeffortandaccomplishmentindicatinganauthorityorexpertortheirtheories.Maybeitisnotwidelyknowntothegeneralpublic.Hewasaverynotedexpert.(臭名昭著)notorious:Famousforsomethingbad.Heisnotoriousforhiscrimes.18.强盗thief:Themostgeneralone.(强盗)robber:Itsuggestsadirectconfrontationinwhichtheownerisforcedtogiveuphisvaluables.(行凶强劫)mugger:Apersonwhoattacksandrobspeopleinastreetorinalift.burglar:Apersonwhobreaksintoahouseatnighttostealsomething.(歹徒暴徒)gangster:Amemberofagroupofcriminals,esp.thosewhoarearmedandusegunstothreaten.(匪徒)bandit:anarmedrobber.Itsuggestsanorganizedgroupinaruralsetting.(土匪)brigand:Arobberwholivesbyrobbingtravelersinthecountry.(海盗)pirate:Apersonwhorobsonthesea.19.摇动,颤动shake:Themostgeneralone.tomoveupanddownorbackandforth.Itreferstopersonsorthings.(发抖)quiver:Totremblealittle.Itsuggestsarapidbutinvisiblevibration.Hislipsquiveredwithemotion.(颤抖)tremble:Toshakeuncontrollablyandslightlyasfromfear,cold,excitementetc.Itimpliesuneasinessandnervousness.Hervoicetrembledasshebegantosing.(瞬间发抖)shiver:Totremblefromfearorcold.Itsuggestsaslightandrapidmovement.Hestoodshiveringinthesnow.(极度颤动)quake:toshakeortrembleviolently.Itsuggestsamoreviolentandsuddenchange.Hequakedwithexcitement.Anexplosioncammakethegroundquake.(抽筋般颤动)shudder:Toshakeuncontrollablyforamovement.Itsuggestsamoreintenseshaking.Sheshudderedatthesightofasnake.20.说话谈话(说话)speak:Touseyourvoicetosaywords.(说)say:Tospeakwords.(发出声音)utter:Tomakesoundandsaywords.drawl:Tospeakinaslow,prolongedmanner.mutter:Toexpressdispleasurewithcompressedlips.rave:Totalkinanangry,uncontrolledway.gabble:Totalkrapidly,makinginarticulatesounds.(谈论)remark:Tomentionitorcommentonit.(陈述)state:Tosay,expressorputintowords,esp.formally.Hestatedhisview.(讲述)narrate:Totellformallyinwritingorspeechordescribesomethinginorderwithintonation.Henarratedhisadventureintheforest.(详述)relate:Totellformallyindetails,togiveanaccountof.Herelatedhisexperiences.(讲演)address:Tosayinspeechorwritingtoapersonorgroup.tell:Toletpeopleknowaboutsomething.talk:Tosaythingstosomeone.converse:Totalkformally.Thescholarsareconversingwitheachotheronlinguistics.chat:Totalkinafriendly,familiar,informalmanner.Thetwofriendssatinacornerandchatted.chatter:Totalkcontinuouslyrapidlyaboutsmallthings.Theschoolgirlswentalongchattering.whisper:Totalkinalowvoice.Shewhisperedmenottotalksoloudly.murmur:Tomakeasoftsound,esp.tospeakorsayinaquietvoice.Heoftenmurmurstohimself.(闲谈)gossip:Totalkaboutthedetailsofotherpeople'sactionsandprivateliveswhichmaynotcorrectorproper.Thatwomanisveryfondofgossipingaboutothers.stammer:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofexcitement,embarrassment.stutter:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofinherentspeechdefect.21.事情,事件(事)thing:Anevent,afact,asubject.Hetalkedofmanyinterestingthings.(事情)matter:Seththatyouhavetodealwith,somethingtobediscussed,thoughtover.Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthemeeting.(事务责任)business:Aspecialduty,somethingthathastobedone.Publicbusinessiseveryone'sbusiness.(事务)affair:Aneventorsetofconnectedevents.(pl)privateandpersonallife.Ihavemanyaffairstolookafter.(事件)event:Animportanthappening.Eventssuchasbirthdaysandanniversariesareoftencelebrated.Doyouknowthechiefeventsof1986.incident:Notasimportantasanevent.Incidentsseldomarecelebrated.Sometimesaneventbecomesanincidentaftermanyyearshavepassed.(偶然事件)happening:Anoccurrence,andsometimesanunusualone.Therehavebeenstrangehappeningsherelately.(偶发事件)occurrence:Anincidentthatisusually